From 5ad0cf1d28130da03ec1e935152919471e2e8d21 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Asfmq <2696428814@qq.com>
Date: Sat, 11 Jul 2026 14:12:11 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?-=20Config=20=E6=8C=89=E8=81=8C=E8=B4=A3?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=E6=8B=86=E5=88=86=E4=B8=BA=20LlmConfig/EmbeddingConfig/VisionC?=
 =?UTF-8?q?onfig/CdsConfig/StorageConfig=20=E4=BA=94=E4=B8=AA=E5=AD=90?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=E7=BB=93=E6=9E=84=20-=20AppState=20=E6=8B=86=E5=88=86=E4=B8=BA?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=20LlmState/DataSourceState/SessionState=20=E4=B8=89=E4=B8=AA?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=E5=AD=90=E7=BB=93=E6=9E=84=EF=BC=8C=E6=B6=88=E9=99=A4=2050+=20?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B9=B3=E9=93=BA=E5=AD=97=E6=AE=B5=20-=20=E6=96=B0=E5=A2=9E?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=20ServiceError=20=E7=BB=93=E6=9E=84=E5=8C=96=E9=94=99=E8=AF=AF?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=E7=B1=BB=E5=9E=8B=E6=9B=BF=E4=BB=A3=20handler=20=E4=B8=AD?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=E7=9A=84=20msg.contains()=20=E5=AD=97=E7=AC=A6=E4=B8=B2?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=E5=8C=B9=E9=85=8D=20-=20=E7=A7=BB=E9=99=A4=20api::handlers=20?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=E5=85=BC=E5=AE=B9=E5=91=BD=E5=90=8D=E7=A9=BA=E9=97=B4=EF=BC=8C?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=E8=B7=AF=E7=94=B1=E7=9B=B4=E6=8E=A5=E5=BC=95=E7=94=A8=20agent/?=
 =?UTF-8?q?auth/papers=20=E7=AD=89=E6=A8=A1=E5=9D=97?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

- login_rate_limiter/upload_rate_limiter 从 Mutex\<HashMap\> 迁移为 DashMap（无锁）
- 新增 session_last_active: DashMap\<String, AtomicU64\>，auth 中间件快速路径免写锁
- 会话过期清理改为按间隔触发（300s），避免每次请求全表扫描
- MAX_SESSIONS 1000→10000，SSE 广播通道 256→1024

- AgentTool trait 新增 is_internal()/display_name()，SSE 事件携带工具元数据
- 新增 GET /chat/tools 端点暴露注册工具列表
- pending_questions/pending_permissions 增加 created_at 时间戳，自动清理过期条目（10min TTL）
- Agent 超时现在正确 abort 后台任务并设置取消令牌

- FITS 解析: APOGEE/DESI 改用 read_image+切片替代 read_rows（修复 fitsio panic）
- ZTF: CIRCLE 参数分隔符 +→空格（修复 IRSA 400），半径自动裁剪至硬上限
- MAST TESS: parse_tic_json 兼容数组/对象两种 API 响应格式
- 统一检索: per_target_limit 默认 50→1，sources 支持 per-source release/version
- Gaia 测光从 VizieR 镜像切换至官方 TAP 服务

- 向量化降级从串行改为并发 5 条/批（buffer_unordered）
- 混合检索 RRF 合并从借用改为 owned RetrievalResult

- PDF 中间件: URL 解码 %2F/%2E 后判扩展名；文件名过滤非 ASCII + 禁 \ 防头注入
- chat_agent 日志截断问题内容至 50 字符；list_sessions 强制 limit clamp

- 设计令牌三层架构: primitive→semantic→component，浅色暖纸张学术/暗色 Night Indigo
- useTheme hook + ThemeToggle 侧边栏组件 + main.tsx 防 FOUC 初始化
- 全组件从硬编码 slate 色迁移至语义令牌（bg-surface/text-content/border-subtle 等）
- 新增 ToastContainer 非阻塞通知系统

- deploy.sh 引入 SSH ControlMaster 单次密码复用
---
 .gitignore                                    |    2 +
 dashboard/src/App.tsx                         |  675 +++++----
 dashboard/src/components/AIAssistantPanel.tsx |  141 +-
 .../src/components/CitationGalaxyCanvas.tsx   |   39 +-
 dashboard/src/components/CustomSelect.tsx     |   12 +-
 dashboard/src/components/ErrorBoundary.tsx    |   12 +-
 dashboard/src/components/Logo.tsx             |   12 +-
 dashboard/src/components/PaperCard.tsx        |   33 +-
 .../src/components/agent/AgentInputArea.tsx   |   30 +-
 .../src/components/agent/AgentMessageList.tsx |  355 +++--
 .../components/agent/AgentMetricsPanel.tsx    |  183 ++-
 .../components/agent/AgentSessionSidebar.tsx  |   60 +-
 dashboard/src/components/agent/AnswerCard.tsx |    6 +-
 .../components/agent/AskUserQuestionCard.tsx  |   28 +-
 .../src/components/agent/AuditLogViewer.tsx   |   66 +-
 .../agent/PermissionRequestCard.tsx           |   20 +-
 .../components/agent/SpecialToolRenderers.tsx |  315 ++--
 .../components/agent/SubAgentContainer.tsx    |  135 +-
 .../src/components/agent/ThoughtCard.tsx      |   62 +-
 .../src/components/agent/ToolCallCard.tsx     |  192 ++-
 dashboard/src/components/agent/constants.ts   |   12 +-
 dashboard/src/components/agent/index.ts       |    3 +-
 .../src/components/agent/subagentRouting.ts   |   58 +-
 .../src/components/agent/toolDisplayNames.ts  |  118 +-
 dashboard/src/components/agent/types.ts       |   10 +-
 dashboard/src/components/agent/useAgentSSE.ts |    8 +-
 .../src/components/dialogs/BaseModal.tsx      |    6 +-
 .../components/dialogs/PaperDetailModal.tsx   |   44 +-
 .../components/dialogs/UncachedPaperModal.tsx |    2 +-
 dashboard/src/components/layout/Sidebar.tsx   |   67 +-
 .../src/components/layout/ThemeToggle.tsx     |   47 +
 .../src/components/layout/ToastContainer.tsx  |   71 +
 .../ObservationPreviewRenderer.tsx            |  238 ++-
 .../observation/ObservationResultCard.tsx     |   57 +-
 .../components/observation/SpectrumPlot.tsx   |   70 +-
 .../observation/UnifiedSearchPanel.tsx        | 1314 ++++++++++++-----
 .../src/components/observation/constants.ts   |   43 +-
 .../src/components/reader/BilingualViewer.tsx |  253 ++--
 .../components/reader/ReaderNotesSidebar.tsx  |   58 +-
 .../src/components/reader/ReaderToolbar.tsx   |   90 +-
 .../src/components/sync/BatchPipelineCard.tsx |   52 +-
 .../components/sync/BookmarkletToolCard.tsx   |   28 +-
 .../src/components/sync/MetadataSyncCard.tsx  |   58 +-
 dashboard/src/hooks/useObservation.ts         |   49 +-
 dashboard/src/hooks/useResearchAgent.ts       |   44 +-
 dashboard/src/hooks/useTheme.ts               |   69 +
 dashboard/src/index.css                       |  411 ++++--
 dashboard/src/main.tsx                        |   15 +
 dashboard/src/pages/CitationPanel.tsx         |   76 +-
 dashboard/src/pages/LibraryPanel.tsx          |  144 +-
 dashboard/src/pages/ObservationPanel.tsx      |  221 ++-
 dashboard/src/pages/ReaderPanel.tsx           |    1 +
 dashboard/src/pages/ResearchAgentPanel.tsx    |   12 +-
 dashboard/src/pages/SearchPanel.tsx           |  141 +-
 dashboard/src/pages/SyncPanel.tsx             |   38 +-
 dashboard/src/utils/paper.tsx                 |   63 +-
 deploy.sh                                     |   22 +-
 src/agent/compact.rs                          |    2 +-
 src/agent/memory/extraction.rs                |    2 +-
 src/agent/runtime/events.rs                   |    8 +
 src/agent/runtime/executor/helpers.rs         |    9 +
 src/agent/runtime/executor/mod.rs             |   65 +-
 src/agent/runtime/mod.rs                      |   52 +-
 src/agent/runtime/streaming_executor.rs       |   90 +-
 src/agent/subagent.rs                         |   20 +-
 src/agent/team/teammate.rs                    |    2 +-
 src/agent/tools/ask_user.rs                   |   10 +-
 src/agent/tools/astro/analyze_image.rs        |   26 +-
 src/agent/tools/astro/research/library.rs     |   10 +-
 src/agent/tools/astro/research/metadata.rs    |    6 +-
 src/agent/tools/astro/research/note.rs        |   12 +-
 src/agent/tools/astro/research/observation.rs |    8 +-
 src/agent/tools/astro/research/paper.rs       |   12 +-
 src/agent/tools/astro/research/rag.rs         |   13 +-
 src/agent/tools/astro/research/target.rs      |    4 +
 src/agent/tools/astro/research/vizier.rs      |   42 +-
 src/agent/tools/astro/system/process.rs       |    4 +
 src/agent/tools/astro/system/search.rs        |    4 +
 src/agent/tools/background.rs                 |   12 +
 src/agent/tools/compress.rs                   |    8 +
 src/agent/tools/filesystem/bash.rs            |    4 +
 src/agent/tools/filesystem/edit.rs            |    4 +
 src/agent/tools/filesystem/glob.rs            |    4 +
 src/agent/tools/filesystem/grep.rs            |    4 +
 src/agent/tools/filesystem/read.rs            |    4 +
 src/agent/tools/filesystem/security.rs        |    4 +-
 src/agent/tools/filesystem/write.rs           |    4 +
 src/agent/tools/memory.rs                     |    8 +
 src/agent/tools/mod.rs                        |   19 +
 src/agent/tools/search_history.rs             |    8 +
 src/agent/tools/skill.rs                      |    8 +
 src/agent/tools/subagent.rs                   |    4 +
 src/agent/tools/team.rs                       |   16 +
 src/agent/tools/todo.rs                       |   98 +-
 src/api/agent.rs                              |   74 +-
 src/api/auth.rs                               |  117 +-
 src/api/catalog.rs                            |   29 +-
 src/api/error.rs                              |   28 +
 src/api/mod.rs                                |  148 +-
 src/api/observation.rs                        |   71 +-
 src/api/papers.rs                             |  136 +-
 src/api/permissions.rs                        |   19 +-
 src/api/sync.rs                               |    8 +-
 src/api/targets.rs                            |   15 +-
 src/bin/cli.rs                                |  178 +--
 src/bin/health_check.rs                       |    2 +-
 src/clients/cds/vizier.rs                     |   63 +-
 src/clients/gaia/mod.rs                       |   16 +-
 src/clients/irsa/mod.rs                       |   34 +-
 src/clients/lamost/mod.rs                     |   19 +-
 src/clients/llm/chat.rs                       |   20 +-
 src/clients/mast/mod.rs                       |  129 +-
 src/lib.rs                                    |  379 ++---
 src/main.rs                                   |  312 ++--
 src/services/batch/asset/helpers.rs           |   20 +-
 src/services/batch/asset/mod.rs               |   16 +-
 src/services/batch/asset/process.rs           |   19 +-
 src/services/batch/meta.rs                    |    6 +-
 src/services/citation.rs                      |   22 +-
 src/services/download/mod.rs                  |   15 +-
 src/services/error.rs                         |   65 +
 src/services/mod.rs                           |    1 +
 src/services/observation/desi.rs              |   11 +-
 src/services/observation/dispatch.rs          |   60 +-
 src/services/observation/gaia.rs              |   18 +-
 src/services/observation/lamost.rs            |    7 +-
 src/services/observation/photometry.rs        |   61 +-
 src/services/observation/preview.rs           |  168 ++-
 src/services/observation/sdss.rs              |   17 +-
 src/services/observation/tess.rs              |   17 +-
 src/services/observation/unified.rs           |  142 +-
 src/services/observation/ztf.rs               |   18 +-
 src/services/paper/db.rs                      |   11 +-
 src/services/paper/ingest.rs                  |   86 +-
 src/services/paper/reader.rs                  |   29 +-
 src/services/parser/mod.rs                    |   28 +-
 src/services/parser/pdf.rs                    |   23 +-
 src/services/pipeline.rs                      |   15 +-
 src/services/rag.rs                           |  106 +-
 src/services/search.rs                        |   25 +-
 src/services/session.rs                       |    1 +
 src/services/translation.rs                   |   14 +-
 142 files changed, 6349 insertions(+), 3470 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 dashboard/src/components/layout/ThemeToggle.tsx
 create mode 100644 dashboard/src/components/layout/ToastContainer.tsx
 create mode 100644 dashboard/src/hooks/useTheme.ts
 create mode 100644 src/services/error.rs

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 15342e7..4e79c7e 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -21,3 +21,5 @@ library/MinerU/
 libs/
 .claude
 .checkpoints
+.mimocode/
+.zcode/
diff --git a/dashboard/src/App.tsx b/dashboard/src/App.tsx
index 38f2ef9..a610865 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/App.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/App.tsx
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ import { UncachedPaperModal } from './components/dialogs/UncachedPaperModal';
 import { PaperDetailModal } from './components/dialogs/PaperDetailModal';
 import { Logo } from './components/Logo';
 import { ErrorBoundary } from './components/ErrorBoundary';
+import { motion, AnimatePresence } from 'framer-motion';
+import { ToastContainer } from './components/layout/ToastContainer';
+import type { ToastItem } from './components/layout/ToastContainer';
 
 // 引入拆分出的业务逻辑 Hooks
 import { useAuth } from './hooks/useAuth';
@@ -29,7 +32,7 @@ export default function App() {
   // 移动端菜单显示状态
   const [isMobileSidebarOpen, setIsMobileSidebarOpen] = useState(false);
 
-  // 1. 全局自定义 Dialog 弹窗管理 (Alert / Confirm)
+  // 1. 全局自定义 Dialog 弹窗与 Toast 通知管理
   const [dialog, setDialog] = useState<{
     type: 'alert' | 'confirm';
     title: string;
@@ -38,14 +41,53 @@ export default function App() {
     onCancel?: () => void;
   } | null>(null);
 
-  const showAlert = useCallback((message: string, title = '系统提示') => {
-    setDialog({
-      type: 'alert',
-      title,
-      message,
-      onConfirm: () => {},
-    });
-  }, []);
+  const [toasts, setToasts] = useState<ToastItem[]>([]);
+
+  const showToast = useCallback(
+    (message: string, type: 'success' | 'error' | 'info' = 'success') => {
+      const id = Date.now() + Math.random();
+      setToasts((prev) => [...prev, { id, message, type }]);
+      setTimeout(() => {
+        setToasts((prev) => prev.filter((t) => t.id !== id));
+      }, 3000);
+    },
+    []
+  );
+
+  const showAlert = useCallback(
+    (message: string, title = '系统提示') => {
+      const toastTriggers = [
+        '成功',
+        '完成',
+        '复制',
+        '导入',
+        '保存',
+        '通知',
+        '已存',
+        '提示',
+      ];
+      const isToast = toastTriggers.some(
+        (t) =>
+          title.includes(t) ||
+          message.includes('成功') ||
+          message.includes('复制') ||
+          message.includes('完成') ||
+          message.includes('已存')
+      );
+
+      if (isToast) {
+        showToast(message, 'success');
+      } else {
+        setDialog({
+          type: 'alert',
+          title,
+          message,
+          onConfirm: () => {},
+        });
+      }
+    },
+    [showToast]
+  );
 
   const showConfirm = useCallback(
     (message: string, onConfirm: () => void, title = '确认操作') => {
@@ -344,10 +386,10 @@ export default function App() {
   // 4. 渲染顶层登录页面
   if (auth.isAuthenticated === null) {
     return (
-      <div className="flex h-screen w-screen items-center justify-center bg-[#f4f6f9]">
+      <div className="flex h-screen w-screen items-center justify-center bg-app">
         <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-4">
-          <Loader className="w-6 h-6 text-[#106ba3] animate-spin" />
-          <span className="text-xs font-bold text-[#0a2540] tracking-wider font-sans">
+          <Loader className="w-6 h-6 text-blueprint animate-spin" />
+          <span className="text-xs font-bold text-content tracking-wider font-sans">
             正在校验系统安全凭证...
           </span>
         </div>
@@ -357,26 +399,32 @@ export default function App() {
 
   if (auth.isAuthenticated === false) {
     return (
-      <div className="flex h-screen w-screen items-center justify-center bg-[#f4f6f9] overflow-hidden relative select-none font-sans">
-        <div className="absolute top-1/4 left-1/4 w-[500px] h-[500px] bg-sky-200/20 rounded-full blur-3xl" />
-        <div className="absolute bottom-1/4 right-1/4 w-[500px] h-[500px] bg-indigo-200/20 rounded-full blur-3xl" />
+      <div className="flex h-screen w-screen items-center justify-center bg-app overflow-hidden relative select-none font-sans">
+        <div
+          className="absolute top-1/4 left-1/4 w-[500px] h-[500px] rounded-full blur-3xl"
+          style={{ backgroundColor: 'var(--blob-a)' }}
+        />
+        <div
+          className="absolute bottom-1/4 right-1/4 w-[500px] h-[500px] rounded-full blur-3xl"
+          style={{ backgroundColor: 'var(--blob-b)' }}
+        />
 
-        <div className="console-panel rounded-lg p-8 max-w-sm w-full mx-4 shadow-sm z-10 relative bg-white border border-[#d2d8e2]">
+        <div className="console-panel rounded-lg p-8 max-w-sm w-full mx-4 z-10 relative">
           <div className="flex flex-col items-center text-center mb-7 select-none">
-            <div className="w-14 h-14 mb-3">
+            <div className="w-14 h-14 mb-3 text-blueprint">
               <Logo gradientId="loginStarGrad" />
             </div>
-            <h2 className="text-sm font-bold text-[#0a2540] tracking-wider mb-1">
+            <h2 className="text-sm font-bold text-content tracking-wider mb-1">
               AstroResearch
             </h2>
-            <p className="text-[10px] text-[#5c6b84] font-medium tracking-wide">
+            <p className="text-[10px] text-secondary font-medium tracking-wide">
               天文学科研辅助系统 · 安全登录
             </p>
           </div>
 
           <form onSubmit={auth.handleLogin} className="space-y-4">
             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-              <label className="text-[11px] font-bold text-[#0a2540] block">
+              <label className="text-[11px] font-bold text-content block">
                 访问密码
               </label>
               <div className="relative">
@@ -387,16 +435,16 @@ export default function App() {
                   placeholder="请输入系统访问密码"
                   autoFocus
                   disabled={auth.loggingIn}
-                  className="w-full pl-9 pr-4 py-2 rounded-lg bg-slate-50 border border-[#d2d8e2] text-slate-900 placeholder-slate-400 focus:outline-none focus:border-[#106ba3] focus:bg-white transition-all text-xs font-medium"
+                  className="w-full pl-9 pr-4 py-2 rounded-lg bg-sunken border border-default  text-content placeholder-tertiary focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-surface transition-all text-xs font-medium"
                 />
-                <div className="absolute left-3 top-2.5 text-slate-400">
-                  <Lock className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-slate-500" />
+                <div className="absolute left-3 top-2.5 text-tertiary">
+                  <Lock className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
                 </div>
               </div>
             </div>
 
             {auth.loginError && (
-              <div className="p-2.5 rounded-lg bg-red-50 border border-red-200 text-[10px] font-bold text-red-700 leading-relaxed">
+              <div className="p-2.5 rounded-lg bg-rose-50 dark:bg-rose-500/10 border border-rose-200 dark:border-rose-500/30 text-[10px] font-bold text-rose-700 dark:text-rose-300 leading-relaxed">
                 {auth.loginError}
               </div>
             )}
@@ -404,7 +452,7 @@ export default function App() {
             <button
               type="submit"
               disabled={auth.loggingIn}
-              className="w-full btn-console btn-console-primary py-2 rounded-lg text-xs font-bold transition-all shadow-xs flex items-center justify-center gap-2 cursor-pointer"
+              className="w-full btn-console btn-console-primary py-2 rounded-lg text-xs font-bold transition-all flex items-center justify-center gap-2 cursor-pointer"
             >
               {auth.loggingIn ? (
                 <>
@@ -423,7 +471,7 @@ export default function App() {
 
   // 5. 正常工作面板布局装配
   return (
-    <div className="flex h-[100dvh] overflow-hidden text-slate-800 bg-slate-100 select-text">
+    <div className="flex h-[100dvh] overflow-hidden text-content bg-app select-text">
       {/* 导航左侧栏 */}
       <Sidebar
         activeTab={activeTab}
@@ -438,26 +486,26 @@ export default function App() {
       {/* 主工作区 */}
       <main className="flex-1 flex flex-col overflow-hidden relative">
         {/* 移动端顶部 Header */}
-        <header className="lg:hidden flex items-center justify-between px-4 pb-3 bg-white border-b border-slate-200 select-none shrink-0 z-20 pt-[calc(env(safe-area-inset-top,0px)+12px)]">
+        <header className="lg:hidden flex items-center justify-between px-4 pb-3 bg-surface border-b border-subtle select-none shrink-0 z-20 pt-[calc(env(safe-area-inset-top,0px)+12px)]">
           <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
             <button
               type="button"
               onClick={() => setIsMobileSidebarOpen(true)}
-              className="p-1.5 rounded-lg border border-slate-200 hover:bg-slate-55 text-slate-600 transition-all cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-center"
+              className="p-1.5 rounded-lg  hover:bg-sunken text-secondary transition-all cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-center"
               title="打开菜单"
             >
               <Menu className="w-5 h-5" />
             </button>
             <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-              <div className="w-6 h-6">
+              <div className="w-6 h-6 text-blueprint">
                 <Logo gradientId="mobileHeaderStarGrad" />
               </div>
-              <span className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-800 tracking-wider">
+              <span className="text-xs font-bold text-content tracking-wider">
                 AstroResearch
               </span>
             </div>
           </div>
-          <span className="text-[10px] font-bold px-2.5 py-1 rounded bg-slate-100 text-slate-600 font-sans tracking-wide uppercase">
+          <span className="text-[10px] font-bold px-2.5 py-1 rounded bg-sunken text-secondary font-sans tracking-wide uppercase">
             {activeTab === 'search' && '统一检索'}
             {activeTab === 'library' && '馆藏管理'}
             {activeTab === 'reader' && '双语阅读'}
@@ -487,241 +535,342 @@ export default function App() {
             }`}
           >
             <ErrorBoundary>
-              {activeTab === 'search' && (
-                <SearchPanel
-                  searchQuery={search.searchQuery}
-                  setSearchQuery={search.setSearchQuery}
-                  searchSource={search.searchSource}
-                  setSearchSource={search.setSearchSource}
-                  searchRows={search.searchRows}
-                  searchStart={search.searchStart}
-                  searchSort={search.searchSort}
-                  handlePageChange={search.handlePageChange}
-                  handleSortChange={search.handleSortChange}
-                  handleRowsChange={search.handleRowsChange}
-                  searching={search.searching}
-                  handleSearch={search.handleSearch}
-                  searchResults={search.searchResults}
-                  exportingList={search.exportingList}
-                  toggleExportItem={search.toggleExportItem}
-                  handleExportBibtex={search.handleExportBibtex}
-                  exporting={search.exporting}
-                  bibtexContent={search.bibtexContent}
-                  downloadingBibcodes={library.downloadingBibcodes}
-                  handleDownload={(bibcode, force) =>
-                    library.handleDownload(
-                      bibcode,
-                      force,
-                      search.setSearchResults
-                    )
-                  }
-                  selectedPaper={library.selectedPaper}
-                  setSelectedPaper={library.setSelectedPaper}
-                  openReader={openReader}
-                  setActiveTab={setActiveTab}
-                  loadCitations={citations.loadCitations}
-                  showAlert={showAlert}
-                  onShowDetail={(paper) =>
-                    library.setDetailBibcode(paper.bibcode)
-                  }
-                />
-              )}
+              <AnimatePresence mode="wait">
+                {activeTab === 'search' && (
+                  <motion.div
+                    key="search"
+                    initial={{ opacity: 0, y: 5 }}
+                    animate={{ opacity: 1, y: 0 }}
+                    exit={{ opacity: 0, y: -5 }}
+                    transition={{ duration: 0.15 }}
+                    className="w-full flex-1 flex flex-col min-h-0"
+                  >
+                    <SearchPanel
+                      searchQuery={search.searchQuery}
+                      setSearchQuery={search.setSearchQuery}
+                      searchSource={search.searchSource}
+                      setSearchSource={search.setSearchSource}
+                      searchRows={search.searchRows}
+                      searchStart={search.searchStart}
+                      searchSort={search.searchSort}
+                      handlePageChange={search.handlePageChange}
+                      handleSortChange={search.handleSortChange}
+                      handleRowsChange={search.handleRowsChange}
+                      searching={search.searching}
+                      handleSearch={search.handleSearch}
+                      searchResults={search.searchResults}
+                      exportingList={search.exportingList}
+                      toggleExportItem={search.toggleExportItem}
+                      handleExportBibtex={search.handleExportBibtex}
+                      exporting={search.exporting}
+                      bibtexContent={search.bibtexContent}
+                      downloadingBibcodes={library.downloadingBibcodes}
+                      handleDownload={(bibcode, force) =>
+                        library.handleDownload(
+                          bibcode,
+                          force,
+                          search.setSearchResults
+                        )
+                      }
+                      selectedPaper={library.selectedPaper}
+                      setSelectedPaper={library.setSelectedPaper}
+                      openReader={openReader}
+                      setActiveTab={setActiveTab}
+                      loadCitations={citations.loadCitations}
+                      showAlert={showAlert}
+                      onShowDetail={(paper) =>
+                        library.setDetailBibcode(paper.bibcode)
+                      }
+                    />
+                  </motion.div>
+                )}
 
-              {activeTab === 'library' && (
-                <LibraryPanel
-                  library={library.library}
-                  fetchLibrary={library.fetchLibrary}
-                  setActiveTab={setActiveTab}
-                  onShowDetail={(paper) =>
-                    library.setDetailBibcode(paper.bibcode)
-                  }
-                  onOpenReader={openReader}
-                  onOpenCitation={(paper) =>
-                    library.openCitation(
-                      paper,
-                      setActiveTab,
-                      citations.loadCitations
-                    )
-                  }
-                  searchTerm={library.searchTerm}
-                  setSearchTerm={library.setSearchTerm}
-                  filterStatus={library.filterStatus}
-                  setFilterStatus={library.setFilterStatus}
-                  filterDoctype={library.filterDoctype}
-                  setFilterDoctype={library.setFilterDoctype}
-                  sortBy={library.sortBy}
-                  setSortBy={library.setSortBy}
-                  filterAuthor={library.filterAuthor}
-                  setFilterAuthor={library.setFilterAuthor}
-                  filterYear={library.filterYear}
-                  setFilterYear={library.setFilterYear}
-                  filterJournal={library.filterJournal}
-                  setFilterJournal={library.setFilterJournal}
-                  currentPage={library.currentPage}
-                  setCurrentPage={library.setCurrentPage}
-                  pageSize={library.pageSize}
-                  setPageSize={library.setPageSize}
-                  totalCount={library.totalCount}
-                  loading={library.loading}
-                />
-              )}
+                {activeTab === 'library' && (
+                  <motion.div
+                    key="library"
+                    initial={{ opacity: 0, y: 5 }}
+                    animate={{ opacity: 1, y: 0 }}
+                    exit={{ opacity: 0, y: -5 }}
+                    transition={{ duration: 0.15 }}
+                    className="w-full flex-1 flex flex-col min-h-0"
+                  >
+                    <LibraryPanel
+                      library={library.library}
+                      fetchLibrary={library.fetchLibrary}
+                      setActiveTab={setActiveTab}
+                      onShowDetail={(paper) =>
+                        library.setDetailBibcode(paper.bibcode)
+                      }
+                      onOpenReader={openReader}
+                      onOpenCitation={(paper) =>
+                        library.openCitation(
+                          paper,
+                          setActiveTab,
+                          citations.loadCitations
+                        )
+                      }
+                      searchTerm={library.searchTerm}
+                      setSearchTerm={library.setSearchTerm}
+                      filterStatus={library.filterStatus}
+                      setFilterStatus={library.setFilterStatus}
+                      filterDoctype={library.filterDoctype}
+                      setFilterDoctype={library.setFilterDoctype}
+                      sortBy={library.sortBy}
+                      setSortBy={library.setSortBy}
+                      filterAuthor={library.filterAuthor}
+                      setFilterAuthor={library.setFilterAuthor}
+                      filterYear={library.filterYear}
+                      setFilterYear={library.setFilterYear}
+                      filterJournal={library.filterJournal}
+                      setFilterJournal={library.setFilterJournal}
+                      currentPage={library.currentPage}
+                      setCurrentPage={library.setCurrentPage}
+                      pageSize={library.pageSize}
+                      setPageSize={library.setPageSize}
+                      totalCount={library.totalCount}
+                      loading={library.loading}
+                    />
+                  </motion.div>
+                )}
 
-              {activeTab === 'reader' &&
-                (library.selectedPaper ? (
-                  <ReaderPanel
-                    selectedPaper={library.selectedPaper}
-                    library={library.library}
-                    recentlySelected={library.recentlySelected}
-                    onSwitchPaper={openReader}
-                    parsing={parsing}
-                    handleParse={handleParse}
-                    translating={translating}
-                    handleTranslate={handleTranslate}
-                    vectorizing={vectorizing}
-                    handleVectorize={handleVectorize}
-                    showNotesPanel={notes.showNotesPanel}
-                    setShowNotesPanel={notes.setShowNotesPanel}
-                    notes={notes.notes}
-                    englishText={englishText}
-                    chineseText={chineseText}
-                    handleTextSelection={notes.handleTextSelection}
-                    selectedParagraphIdx={notes.selectedParagraphIdx}
-                    setSelectedParagraphIdx={notes.setSelectedParagraphIdx}
-                    selectedText={notes.selectedText}
-                    setSelectedText={notes.setSelectedText}
-                    newNoteColor={notes.newNoteColor}
-                    setNewNoteColor={notes.setNewNoteColor}
-                    newNoteText={notes.newNoteText}
-                    setNewNoteText={notes.setNewNoteText}
-                    handleCreateNote={() =>
-                      notes.handleCreateNote(library.selectedPaper)
-                    }
-                    handleDeleteNote={notes.handleDeleteNote}
-                    showConfirm={showConfirm}
-                    onJumpToSource={handleJumpToSource}
-                  />
-                ) : (
-                  <div className="w-full flex-1 flex flex-col items-center justify-center p-12 bg-white rounded-2xl border border-slate-200 shadow-xs min-h-[450px] select-none">
-                    <div className="w-16 h-16 rounded-2xl bg-sky-50 border border-sky-100 flex items-center justify-center text-sky-600 mb-5 shadow-2xs">
-                      <BookOpen className="w-8 h-8" />
-                    </div>
-                    <h3 className="text-base font-bold text-slate-800 tracking-wide mb-2">
-                      未选定阅读文献
-                    </h3>
-                    <p className="text-xs text-slate-500 max-w-sm text-center leading-relaxed mb-6">
-                      双语对比阅读功能需要基于已下载的馆藏文献。请前往"馆藏管理"选择或上传一篇文献，然后开启沉浸式双语精读。
-                    </p>
-                    <button
-                      onClick={() => setActiveTab('library')}
-                      className="px-6 py-2.5 bg-sky-600 hover:bg-sky-700 text-white rounded-lg text-xs font-bold transition-all shadow-xs hover:shadow-md cursor-pointer hover:scale-102 active:scale-98"
-                    >
-                      选择文献
-                    </button>
-                  </div>
-                ))}
+                {activeTab === 'reader' && (
+                  <motion.div
+                    key="reader"
+                    initial={{ opacity: 0, y: 5 }}
+                    animate={{ opacity: 1, y: 0 }}
+                    exit={{ opacity: 0, y: -5 }}
+                    transition={{ duration: 0.15 }}
+                    className="w-full flex-1 flex flex-col min-h-0"
+                  >
+                    {library.selectedPaper ? (
+                      <ReaderPanel
+                        selectedPaper={library.selectedPaper}
+                        library={library.library}
+                        recentlySelected={library.recentlySelected}
+                        onSwitchPaper={openReader}
+                        parsing={parsing}
+                        handleParse={handleParse}
+                        translating={translating}
+                        handleTranslate={handleTranslate}
+                        vectorizing={vectorizing}
+                        handleVectorize={handleVectorize}
+                        showNotesPanel={notes.showNotesPanel}
+                        setShowNotesPanel={notes.setShowNotesPanel}
+                        notes={notes.notes}
+                        englishText={englishText}
+                        chineseText={chineseText}
+                        handleTextSelection={notes.handleTextSelection}
+                        selectedParagraphIdx={notes.selectedParagraphIdx}
+                        setSelectedParagraphIdx={notes.setSelectedParagraphIdx}
+                        selectedText={notes.selectedText}
+                        setSelectedText={notes.setSelectedText}
+                        newNoteColor={notes.newNoteColor}
+                        setNewNoteColor={notes.setNewNoteColor}
+                        newNoteText={notes.newNoteText}
+                        setNewNoteText={notes.setNewNoteText}
+                        handleCreateNote={() =>
+                          notes.handleCreateNote(library.selectedPaper)
+                        }
+                        handleDeleteNote={notes.handleDeleteNote}
+                        showConfirm={showConfirm}
+                        onJumpToSource={handleJumpToSource}
+                      />
+                    ) : (
+                      <div className="w-full flex-1 flex flex-col items-center justify-center p-12 bg-surface rounded-2xl min-h-[450px] select-none relative overflow-hidden">
+                        <div
+                          className="absolute inset-0 opacity-[0.03] dark:opacity-[0.05] pointer-events-none"
+                          style={{
+                            background:
+                              'radial-gradient(circle at center, var(--color-blueprint) 0%, transparent 65%)',
+                          }}
+                        />
+                        <motion.div
+                          animate={{ y: [0, -6, 0] }}
+                          transition={{
+                            repeat: Infinity,
+                            duration: 4,
+                            ease: 'easeInOut',
+                          }}
+                          className="w-16 h-16 rounded-2xl bg-blueprint/10 dark:bg-blueprint/15 border border-blueprint/20 flex items-center justify-center text-blueprint mb-5 relative z-10"
+                        >
+                          <BookOpen className="w-8 h-8" />
+                        </motion.div>
+                        <h3 className="text-base font-bold text-content tracking-wide mb-2 relative z-10">
+                          未选定阅读文献
+                        </h3>
+                        <p className="text-xs text-secondary max-w-sm text-center leading-relaxed mb-6 relative z-10 font-medium">
+                          双语对比阅读功能需要基于已下载的馆藏文献。请前往"馆藏管理"选择或上传一篇文献，然后开启沉浸式双语精读。
+                        </p>
+                        <button
+                          onClick={() => setActiveTab('library')}
+                          className="btn-console btn-console-primary px-6 py-2.5 rounded-lg text-xs font-bold transition-all cursor-pointer hover:scale-105 active:scale-95 relative z-10"
+                        >
+                          选择文献
+                        </button>
+                      </div>
+                    )}
+                  </motion.div>
+                )}
 
-              {activeTab === 'citation' &&
-                (library.selectedPaper ? (
-                  <CitationPanel
-                    selectedPaper={library.selectedPaper}
-                    library={library.library}
-                    recentlySelected={library.recentlySelected}
-                    onSwitchPaper={(paper) =>
-                      library.openCitation(
-                        paper,
-                        setActiveTab,
-                        citations.loadCitations
-                      )
-                    }
-                    loadingCitations={citations.loadingCitations}
-                    citationNetwork={citations.citationNetwork}
-                    citationHistory={citations.citationHistory}
-                    loadCitations={citations.loadCitations}
-                    onUncachedClick={citations.setUncachedBibcode}
-                  />
-                ) : (
-                  <div className="w-full flex-1 flex flex-col items-center justify-center p-12 bg-white rounded-2xl border border-slate-200 shadow-xs min-h-[450px] select-none">
-                    <div className="w-16 h-16 rounded-2xl bg-sky-50 border border-sky-100 flex items-center justify-center text-sky-600 mb-5 shadow-2xs">
-                      <GitFork className="w-8 h-8" />
-                    </div>
-                    <h3 className="text-base font-bold text-slate-800 tracking-wide mb-2">
-                      未选定中心文献
-                    </h3>
-                    <p className="text-xs text-slate-500 max-w-sm text-center leading-relaxed mb-6">
-                      引用星系拓扑图谱用于展示单篇文献的"引用 -
-                      被引"星系脉络。请前往"馆藏管理"选择一篇文献并生成其引用图谱。
-                    </p>
-                    <button
-                      onClick={() => setActiveTab('library')}
-                      className="px-6 py-2.5 bg-sky-600 hover:bg-sky-700 text-white rounded-lg text-xs font-bold transition-all shadow-xs hover:shadow-md cursor-pointer hover:scale-102 active:scale-98"
-                    >
-                      选择文献
-                    </button>
-                  </div>
-                ))}
+                {activeTab === 'citation' && (
+                  <motion.div
+                    key="citation"
+                    initial={{ opacity: 0, y: 5 }}
+                    animate={{ opacity: 1, y: 0 }}
+                    exit={{ opacity: 0, y: -5 }}
+                    transition={{ duration: 0.15 }}
+                    className="w-full flex-1 flex flex-col min-h-0"
+                  >
+                    {library.selectedPaper ? (
+                      <CitationPanel
+                        selectedPaper={library.selectedPaper}
+                        library={library.library}
+                        recentlySelected={library.recentlySelected}
+                        onSwitchPaper={(paper) =>
+                          library.openCitation(
+                            paper,
+                            setActiveTab,
+                            citations.loadCitations
+                          )
+                        }
+                        loadingCitations={citations.loadingCitations}
+                        citationNetwork={citations.citationNetwork}
+                        citationHistory={citations.citationHistory}
+                        loadCitations={citations.loadCitations}
+                        onUncachedClick={citations.setUncachedBibcode}
+                      />
+                    ) : (
+                      <div className="w-full flex-1 flex flex-col items-center justify-center p-12 bg-surface rounded-2xl min-h-[450px] select-none relative overflow-hidden">
+                        <div
+                          className="absolute inset-0 opacity-[0.03] dark:opacity-[0.05] pointer-events-none"
+                          style={{
+                            background:
+                              'radial-gradient(circle at center, var(--color-blueprint) 0%, transparent 65%)',
+                          }}
+                        />
+                        <motion.div
+                          animate={{ y: [0, -6, 0] }}
+                          transition={{
+                            repeat: Infinity,
+                            duration: 4,
+                            ease: 'easeInOut',
+                          }}
+                          className="w-16 h-16 rounded-2xl bg-blueprint/10 dark:bg-blueprint/15 border border-blueprint/20 flex items-center justify-center text-blueprint mb-5 relative z-10"
+                        >
+                          <GitFork className="w-8 h-8" />
+                        </motion.div>
+                        <h3 className="text-base font-bold text-content tracking-wide mb-2 relative z-10">
+                          未选定中心文献
+                        </h3>
+                        <p className="text-xs text-secondary max-w-sm text-center leading-relaxed mb-6 relative z-10 font-medium">
+                          引用星系拓扑图谱用于展示单篇文献的"引用 -
+                          被引"星系脉络。请前往"馆藏管理"选择一篇文献并生成其引用图谱。
+                        </p>
+                        <button
+                          onClick={() => setActiveTab('library')}
+                          className="btn-console btn-console-primary px-6 py-2.5 rounded-lg text-xs font-bold transition-all cursor-pointer hover:scale-105 active:scale-95 relative z-10"
+                        >
+                          选择文献
+                        </button>
+                      </div>
+                    )}
+                  </motion.div>
+                )}
 
-              {activeTab === 'sync' && <SyncPanel />}
+                {activeTab === 'sync' && (
+                  <motion.div
+                    key="sync"
+                    initial={{ opacity: 0, y: 5 }}
+                    animate={{ opacity: 1, y: 0 }}
+                    exit={{ opacity: 0, y: -5 }}
+                    transition={{ duration: 0.15 }}
+                    className="w-full flex-1 flex flex-col min-h-0"
+                  >
+                    <SyncPanel />
+                  </motion.div>
+                )}
 
-              {activeTab === 'observation' && (
-                <ObservationPanel
-                  capabilities={observation.capabilities}
-                  currentSpec={observation.currentSpec}
-                  searchForm={observation.searchForm}
-                  setSearchForm={observation.setSearchForm}
-                  searchResults={observation.searchResults}
-                  searching={observation.searching}
-                  searchError={observation.searchError}
-                  runSearch={observation.runSearch}
-                  selectedSourceIds={observation.selectedSourceIds}
-                  toggleSelect={observation.toggleSelect}
-                  selectAll={observation.selectAll}
-                  selectNone={observation.selectNone}
-                  downloading={observation.downloading}
-                  downloadResult={observation.downloadResult}
-                  downloadError={observation.downloadError}
-                  setDownloadResult={observation.setDownloadResult}
-                  downloadSelected={observation.downloadSelected}
-                  downloadByIds={observation.downloadByIds}
-                  downloadByCoordinates={observation.downloadByCoordinates}
-                  unifiedResult={observation.unifiedResult}
-                  unifiedSearching={observation.unifiedSearching}
-                  unifiedError={observation.unifiedError}
-                  runUnifiedSearch={observation.runUnifiedSearch}
-                  resolveNames={observation.resolveNames}
-                  unifiedSelected={observation.unifiedSelected}
-                  toggleUnifiedSelect={observation.toggleUnifiedSelect}
-                  downloadUnifiedSelected={observation.downloadUnifiedSelected}
-                  libraryItems={observation.libraryItems}
-                  libraryTotal={observation.libraryTotal}
-                  libraryLoading={observation.libraryLoading}
-                  libraryError={observation.libraryError}
-                  fetchLibrary={observation.fetchLibrary}
-                  libSource={observation.libSource}
-                  setLibSource={observation.setLibSource}
-                  libProduct={observation.libProduct}
-                  setLibProduct={observation.setLibProduct}
-                  libSearch={observation.libSearch}
-                  setLibSearch={observation.setLibSearch}
-                  libSort={observation.libSort}
-                  setLibSort={observation.setLibSort}
-                  libPage={observation.libPage}
-                  setLibPage={observation.setLibPage}
-                  libPageSize={observation.libPageSize}
-                  setLibPageSize={observation.setLibPageSize}
-                  resetLibraryFilters={observation.resetLibraryFilters}
-                />
-              )}
+                {activeTab === 'observation' && (
+                  <motion.div
+                    key="observation"
+                    initial={{ opacity: 0, y: 5 }}
+                    animate={{ opacity: 1, y: 0 }}
+                    exit={{ opacity: 0, y: -5 }}
+                    transition={{ duration: 0.15 }}
+                    className="w-full flex-1 flex flex-col min-h-0"
+                  >
+                    <ObservationPanel
+                      capabilities={observation.capabilities}
+                      currentSpec={observation.currentSpec}
+                      searchForm={observation.searchForm}
+                      setSearchForm={observation.setSearchForm}
+                      searchResults={observation.searchResults}
+                      searching={observation.searching}
+                      searchError={observation.searchError}
+                      runSearch={observation.runSearch}
+                      selectedSourceIds={observation.selectedSourceIds}
+                      toggleSelect={observation.toggleSelect}
+                      selectAll={observation.selectAll}
+                      selectNone={observation.selectNone}
+                      downloading={observation.downloading}
+                      downloadResult={observation.downloadResult}
+                      downloadError={observation.downloadError}
+                      setDownloadResult={observation.setDownloadResult}
+                      downloadSelected={observation.downloadSelected}
+                      downloadByIds={observation.downloadByIds}
+                      downloadByCoordinates={observation.downloadByCoordinates}
+                      unifiedResult={observation.unifiedResult}
+                      unifiedSearching={observation.unifiedSearching}
+                      unifiedError={observation.unifiedError}
+                      runUnifiedSearch={observation.runUnifiedSearch}
+                      resolveNames={observation.resolveNames}
+                      unifiedSelected={observation.unifiedSelected}
+                      toggleUnifiedSelect={observation.toggleUnifiedSelect}
+                      downloadUnifiedSelected={
+                        observation.downloadUnifiedSelected
+                      }
+                      libraryItems={observation.libraryItems}
+                      libraryTotal={observation.libraryTotal}
+                      libraryLoading={observation.libraryLoading}
+                      libraryError={observation.libraryError}
+                      fetchLibrary={observation.fetchLibrary}
+                      libSource={observation.libSource}
+                      setLibSource={observation.setLibSource}
+                      libProduct={observation.libProduct}
+                      setLibProduct={observation.setLibProduct}
+                      libSearch={observation.libSearch}
+                      setLibSearch={observation.setLibSearch}
+                      libSort={observation.libSort}
+                      setLibSort={observation.setLibSort}
+                      libPage={observation.libPage}
+                      setLibPage={observation.setLibPage}
+                      libPageSize={observation.libPageSize}
+                      setLibPageSize={observation.setLibPageSize}
+                      resetLibraryFilters={observation.resetLibraryFilters}
+                    />
+                  </motion.div>
+                )}
 
-              {activeTab === 'agent' && (
-                <ResearchAgentPanel
-                  showConfirm={showConfirm}
-                  showAlert={showAlert}
-                  openReader={openReader}
-                  setActiveTab={setActiveTab}
-                  citations={citations}
-                  library={library}
-                />
-              )}
+                {activeTab === 'agent' && (
+                  <motion.div
+                    key="agent"
+                    initial={{ opacity: 0, y: 5 }}
+                    animate={{ opacity: 1, y: 0 }}
+                    exit={{ opacity: 0, y: -5 }}
+                    transition={{ duration: 0.15 }}
+                    className="w-full flex-1 flex flex-col min-h-0"
+                  >
+                    <ResearchAgentPanel
+                      showConfirm={showConfirm}
+                      showAlert={showAlert}
+                      openReader={openReader}
+                      setActiveTab={setActiveTab}
+                      citations={citations}
+                      library={library}
+                    />
+                  </motion.div>
+                )}
+              </AnimatePresence>
             </ErrorBoundary>
           </div>
         </div>
@@ -730,6 +879,12 @@ export default function App() {
       {/* 全局统一 Alert / Confirm 弹窗 */}
       <GlobalDialog dialog={dialog} onClose={() => setDialog(null)} />
 
+      {/* 全局非阻塞 Toast 通知容器 */}
+      <ToastContainer
+        toasts={toasts}
+        onClose={(id) => setToasts((prev) => prev.filter((t) => t.id !== id))}
+      />
+
       {/* 未入库文献操作引导弹窗 */}
       <UncachedPaperModal
         bibcode={citations.uncachedBibcode}
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/AIAssistantPanel.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/AIAssistantPanel.tsx
index d1bc5a1..f613ac6 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/AIAssistantPanel.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/AIAssistantPanel.tsx
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import {
   Paperclip,
 } from 'lucide-react';
 import axios from 'axios';
+import { motion } from 'framer-motion';
 import {
   AgentMarkdown,
   useAgentSSE,
@@ -25,8 +26,9 @@ import {
   routeToolCall,
   routeToolResult,
   routeTextDelta,
+  setGlobalTools,
 } from './agent';
-import type { SSEEventHandlers, TimelineItem } from './agent';
+import type { SSEEventHandlers, TimelineItem, AgentToolMeta } from './agent';
 
 interface RetrievalSource {
   bibcode: string;
@@ -142,6 +144,14 @@ export function AIAssistantPanel({
     });
   }, [bibcode]);
 
+  // ── 初始化加载工具元数据 ──
+  useEffect(() => {
+    axios
+      .get<AgentToolMeta[]>('/api/chat/tools')
+      .then((res) => setGlobalTools(res.data))
+      .catch((e) => console.error('加载工具列表失败:', e));
+  }, []);
+
   const handleStop = async () => {
     sseStop();
     if (sessionId) {
@@ -195,14 +205,31 @@ export function AIAssistantPanel({
           )
         );
       },
-      onToolCall: (step, _id, name, args) => {
+      onToolCall: (step, _id, name, args, is_internal, display_name) => {
         setMessages((prev) =>
           updateAiTimeline(prev, (timeline) =>
-            routeToolCall(timeline, step, _id, name, args)
+            routeToolCall(
+              timeline,
+              step,
+              _id,
+              name,
+              args,
+              is_internal,
+              display_name
+            )
           )
         );
       },
-      onToolResult: (_step, tcId, name, _output, isError, metadata) => {
+      onToolResult: (
+        _step,
+        tcId,
+        name,
+        _output,
+        isError,
+        metadata,
+        is_internal,
+        display_name
+      ) => {
         setExpandedResults((prev) => ({ ...prev, [tcId]: true }));
         setMessages((prev) => {
           if (prev.length === 0) return prev;
@@ -213,7 +240,10 @@ export function AIAssistantPanel({
             tcId,
             name,
             _output,
-            isError
+            isError,
+            metadata,
+            is_internal,
+            display_name
           );
           // RAG 来源收集
           const sources = [...(last.sources || [])];
@@ -336,12 +366,13 @@ export function AIAssistantPanel({
         );
       }
       case 'tool_call': {
-        const tcId = item.id;
+        const tcId = item.id || `ai-tc-${item.step}-${idx}`;
         return (
           <ToolCallCard
             key={`tc-${tcId}-${idx}`}
             step={item.step}
             name={item.name}
+            display_name={item.display_name}
             arguments={item.arguments}
             result={item.result}
             isStreaming={isStreaming}
@@ -366,20 +397,20 @@ export function AIAssistantPanel({
       <div
         ref={scrollContainerRef}
         onScroll={handleScroll}
-        className="flex-1 overflow-y-auto p-4 pb-28 space-y-4 min-h-0"
+        className="flex-1 overflow-y-auto p-4 pb-28 space-y-4 min-h-0 bg-sunken"
       >
         {messages.length === 0 ? (
           <div className="py-6 space-y-6">
             <div className="text-center space-y-2 max-w-sm mx-auto">
-              <Compass className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto text-sky-500 opacity-60" />
-              <h3 className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-800">文献阅读助手</h3>
-              <p className="text-[11px] text-slate-500 leading-relaxed font-semibold">
+              <Compass className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto text-blueprint opacity-60" />
+              <h3 className="text-xs font-bold text-content">文献阅读助手</h3>
+              <p className="text-[11px] text-secondary leading-relaxed font-semibold">
                 专注文献精读与理解的 AI
                 助手。支持语义检索、逐段解读、公式分析，严格只读模式保障文献安全。
               </p>
             </div>
             <div className="space-y-2">
-              <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-slate-400 tracking-wider uppercase">
+              <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-tertiary tracking-wider uppercase">
                 推荐学术提问:
               </span>
               <div className="space-y-2">
@@ -387,7 +418,7 @@ export function AIAssistantPanel({
                   <button
                     key={idx}
                     onClick={() => handleSend(q)}
-                    className="w-full text-left bg-white hover:bg-slate-55 border border-slate-200 rounded-md p-3 text-xs text-slate-700 leading-relaxed font-medium transition-all cursor-pointer hover:border-slate-350"
+                    className="w-full text-left bg-surface hover:bg-sunken rounded-md p-3 text-xs text-secondary leading-relaxed font-medium transition-all cursor-pointer hover:border-subtle"
                   >
                     {q}
                   </button>
@@ -397,18 +428,23 @@ export function AIAssistantPanel({
           </div>
         ) : (
           messages.map((msg, index) => (
-            <div
+            <motion.div
               key={index}
-              className={`flex flex-col ${msg.sender === 'user' ? 'items-end' : 'items-start'} space-y-1.5`}
+              initial={{ opacity: 0, y: 12 }}
+              animate={{ opacity: 1, y: 0 }}
+              transition={{ duration: 0.25, ease: 'easeOut' }}
+              className={`flex flex-col ${msg.sender === 'user' ? 'items-end' : 'items-start'} space-y-1.5 w-full`}
             >
-              <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-slate-400 px-1">
-                {msg.sender === 'user' ? '我' : '天文科研助手'}
-              </span>
+              {msg.sender !== 'user' && (
+                <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-tertiary px-1">
+                  天文科研助手
+                </span>
+              )}
               <div
-                className={`max-w-[95%] rounded-lg px-4 py-3 text-xs leading-relaxed font-medium shadow-xs border ${
+                className={`max-w-[95%] rounded-lg px-4 py-3 text-xs leading-relaxed font-medium ${
                   msg.sender === 'user'
-                    ? 'bg-blueprint text-white border-blueprint select-text'
-                    : 'bg-white text-slate-800 border-slate-250 select-text'
+                    ? 'bg-blueprint/10 text-content dark:bg-blueprint/15 select-text'
+                    : 'border border-subtle bg-surface text-content select-text'
                 }`}
               >
                 {msg.sender === 'user' ? (
@@ -426,12 +462,12 @@ export function AIAssistantPanel({
                   <div className="space-y-2.5">
                     {/* 时间线条目（思考/工具调用/子代理容器）*/}
                     {msg.timeline.length > 0 && (
-                      <div className="border border-slate-205 bg-slate-100/30 rounded-md p-2 select-none">
-                        <div className="text-[10px] font-bold text-slate-600 flex items-center gap-1.5 mb-2 px-1">
-                          <Brain className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-slate-450" />
+                      <div className=" bg-sunken/60 rounded-md p-2 select-none">
+                        <div className="text-[10px] font-bold text-secondary flex items-center gap-1.5 mb-2 px-1">
+                          <Brain className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-tertiary" />
                           <span>推理与工具链 ({msg.timeline.length} 项)</span>
                         </div>
-                        <div className="pl-4 border-l border-slate-200 space-y-2">
+                        <div className="pl-4 border-l border-subtle space-y-2">
                           {msg.timeline.map((item, tIdx) =>
                             renderTimelineItem(item, tIdx, !!streaming)
                           )}
@@ -441,12 +477,12 @@ export function AIAssistantPanel({
 
                     {/* 最终回答 */}
                     {msg.text ? (
-                      <div className="prose prose-sm max-w-none text-slate-800 leading-relaxed prose-headings:text-slate-900 prose-headings:font-bold prose-strong:text-slate-900 prose-code:text-sky-700 prose-img:rounded-lg">
+                      <div className="prose prose-sm max-w-none text-content leading-relaxed prose-headings:text-content prose-headings:font-bold prose-strong:text-content prose-code:text-blueprint prose-img:rounded-lg">
                         <AgentMarkdown>{msg.text}</AgentMarkdown>
                       </div>
                     ) : (
                       !streaming && (
-                        <span className="text-slate-400 italic">
+                        <span className="text-tertiary italic">
                           正在构建最终结论...
                         </span>
                       )
@@ -457,8 +493,8 @@ export function AIAssistantPanel({
 
               {/* 关联来源 */}
               {msg.sender === 'ai' && msg.sources && msg.sources.length > 0 && (
-                <div className="w-full mt-2 pl-2 space-y-1.5 border-l-2 border-slate-200">
-                  <span className="text-[9px] font-bold text-slate-400 select-none">
+                <div className="w-full mt-2 pl-2 space-y-1.5 border-l-2 border-subtle">
+                  <span className="text-[9px] font-bold text-tertiary select-none">
                     参考来源文献（点击跳转）:
                   </span>
                   <div className="grid grid-cols-1 gap-1.5 w-[95%]">
@@ -468,19 +504,19 @@ export function AIAssistantPanel({
                         onClick={() =>
                           onJumpToSource(src.bibcode, src.paragraph_index)
                         }
-                        className="flex items-center justify-between text-left bg-white hover:bg-slate-100 border border-slate-200 rounded-md px-2.5 py-1.5 text-[10px] text-slate-655 font-semibold transition-all shadow-sm cursor-pointer hover:border-sky-300"
+                        className="flex items-center justify-between text-left bg-surface hover:bg-sunken rounded-md px-2.5 py-1.5 text-[10px] text-secondary font-semibold transition-all shadow-sm cursor-pointer hover:border-blueprint/40"
                         title={src.content}
                       >
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 truncate mr-2">
-                          <BookOpen className="w-3 h-3 text-sky-600 shrink-0" />
-                          <span className="font-bold text-slate-700 truncate">
+                          <BookOpen className="w-3 h-3 text-blueprint shrink-0" />
+                          <span className="font-bold text-secondary truncate">
                             {src.bibcode}
                           </span>
-                          <span className="text-slate-400 text-[9px] font-bold">
+                          <span className="text-tertiary text-[9px] font-bold">
                             §{src.paragraph_index + 1}
                           </span>
                         </div>
-                        <span className="text-slate-400 text-[9px] shrink-0 font-medium">
+                        <span className="text-tertiary text-[9px] shrink-0 font-medium">
                           距: {src.distance.toFixed(3)}
                         </span>
                       </button>
@@ -488,24 +524,29 @@ export function AIAssistantPanel({
                   </div>
                 </div>
               )}
-            </div>
+            </motion.div>
           ))
         )}
 
         {streaming &&
           messages.length > 0 &&
           !messages[messages.length - 1].text && (
-            <div className="flex items-center space-x-2 text-slate-500 pl-2">
-              <Loader className="w-4 h-4 animate-spin text-sky-600" />
-              <span className="text-[10px] font-bold">
-                文献检索及推理结论构建中...
+            <div className="flex items-center space-x-2.5 text-secondary pl-2 py-1 select-none">
+              <Loader className="w-3.5 h-3.5 animate-spin text-blueprint" />
+              <span className="text-[10px] font-bold tracking-wide">
+                文献检索及推理结论构建中
+              </span>
+              <span className="flex gap-0.5">
+                <span className="w-1 h-1 rounded-full bg-blueprint animate-bounce [animation-delay:-0.3s]"></span>
+                <span className="w-1 h-1 rounded-full bg-blueprint animate-bounce [animation-delay:-0.15s]"></span>
+                <span className="w-1 h-1 rounded-full bg-blueprint animate-bounce"></span>
               </span>
             </div>
           )}
 
         {error && (
-          <div className="flex items-start gap-2 bg-red-50 border border-red-200 text-red-700 rounded-lg p-3 text-xs w-[95%] font-semibold">
-            <AlertCircle className="w-4 h-4 text-red-500 shrink-0 mt-0.5" />
+          <div className="flex items-start gap-2 bg-red-50 border border-red-200 text-red-700 dark:bg-rose-500/10 dark:text-rose-300 dark:border-rose-500/30 rounded-lg p-3 text-xs w-[95%] font-semibold">
+            <AlertCircle className="w-4 h-4 text-danger shrink-0 mt-0.5" />
             <div>
               <div className="font-bold">查询发生错误</div>
               <div className="text-[10px] opacity-80 mt-0.5">{error}</div>
@@ -522,9 +563,9 @@ export function AIAssistantPanel({
           e.preventDefault();
           handleSend(input);
         }}
-        className="absolute bottom-0 left-0 right-0 p-3 bg-transparent pointer-events-none shrink-0"
+        className="absolute bottom-0 left-0 right-0 px-3 pb-0 pt-3 bg-transparent pointer-events-none shrink-0"
       >
-        <div className="bg-slate-50 border border-slate-300 rounded-lg p-2.5 focus-within:bg-white focus-within:border-blueprint focus-within:ring-1 focus-within:ring-blueprint/10 transition-all relative pointer-events-auto shadow-sm flex flex-col gap-2">
+        <div className="bg-sunken border border-default rounded-lg p-2.5 focus-within:bg-surface focus-within:border-blueprint focus-within:ring-1 focus-within:ring-blueprint/10 transition-all relative pointer-events-auto shadow-sm flex flex-col gap-2">
           <textarea
             value={input}
             onChange={(e) => setInput(e.target.value)}
@@ -540,9 +581,9 @@ export function AIAssistantPanel({
               pendingImage ? '针对选中图表提问...' : '向 AI 馆藏助手提问...'
             }
             rows={2}
-            className="w-full bg-transparent resize-none border-none outline-none focus:outline-none focus:ring-0 text-xs text-slate-900 placeholder-slate-400 leading-relaxed font-semibold min-h-[36px] max-h-32 pb-1"
+            className="w-full bg-transparent resize-none border-none outline-none focus:outline-none focus:ring-0 text-xs text-content placeholder-tertiary leading-relaxed font-semibold min-h-[36px] max-h-32 pb-1"
           />
-          <div className="flex justify-between items-center mt-1.5 pt-1.5 border-t border-slate-200/40">
+          <div className="flex justify-between items-center mt-1.5 pt-1.5 border-t border-subtle">
             <div className="flex gap-2 items-center min-w-0">
               <input
                 ref={fileInputRef}
@@ -562,8 +603,8 @@ export function AIAssistantPanel({
                 title="上传或粘贴图片（也可直接 Ctrl+V 粘贴）"
                 className={`p-1 rounded-md border text-[10px] font-bold transition-all cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-center shrink-0 ${
                   pendingImage
-                    ? 'bg-sky-50 border-sky-300 text-sky-700'
-                    : 'bg-white border-slate-200 text-slate-400 hover:text-sky-600 hover:border-sky-200'
+                    ? 'bg-sky-50 border-sky-300 text-sky-700 dark:bg-sky-500/10 dark:text-sky-300 dark:border-sky-500/30'
+                    : 'bg-surface border-subtle text-tertiary hover:text-blueprint hover:border-blueprint/20'
                 } disabled:opacity-60`}
               >
                 <Paperclip className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
@@ -577,12 +618,12 @@ export function AIAssistantPanel({
                         : `data:${pendingImage.mime_type};base64,${pendingImage.data}`
                     }
                     alt="Preview"
-                    className="w-5 h-5 object-cover rounded border border-slate-300 shadow-2xs"
+                    className="w-5 h-5 object-cover rounded  shadow-sm"
                   />
                   <button
                     type="button"
                     onClick={() => setPendingImage(null)}
-                    className="absolute -top-1 -right-1 bg-slate-500/80 hover:bg-slate-700 text-white rounded-full w-3 h-3 shadow-xs transition-colors cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-center"
+                    className="absolute -top-1 -right-1 bg-slate-500/80 hover:bg-slate-700 text-white rounded-full w-3 h-3 transition-colors cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-center"
                     title="移除图片"
                   >
                     <X className="w-2 h-2" />
@@ -595,7 +636,7 @@ export function AIAssistantPanel({
                 <button
                   type="button"
                   onClick={handleStop}
-                  className="p-1 rounded-lg bg-slate-800 hover:bg-slate-950 text-white transition-colors cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-center shadow-xs"
+                  className="p-1 rounded-lg bg-elevated hover:bg-slate-950 text-white transition-colors cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-center"
                   title="手动停止执行"
                 >
                   <Square className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
@@ -604,7 +645,7 @@ export function AIAssistantPanel({
                 <button
                   type="submit"
                   disabled={!input.trim() && !pendingImage}
-                  className="p-1 px-2.5 rounded-lg bg-sky-600 hover:bg-sky-700 text-white disabled:bg-slate-100 disabled:text-slate-350 transition-colors cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-center gap-1 shadow-xs text-[10px] font-bold"
+                  className="p-1 px-2.5 rounded-lg bg-blueprint hover:opacity-90 text-white disabled:bg-sunken disabled:text-tertiary transition-colors cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-center gap-1 text-[10px] font-bold"
                 >
                   <Send className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
                   <span>发送</span>
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/CitationGalaxyCanvas.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/CitationGalaxyCanvas.tsx
index 94be602..a1aaaf9 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/CitationGalaxyCanvas.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/CitationGalaxyCanvas.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // dashboard/src/components/CitationGalaxyCanvas.tsx
 import { useEffect, useRef } from 'react';
 import type { CitationNetwork } from '../types';
+import { useTheme } from '../hooks/useTheme';
 
 interface CanvasProps {
   networks: CitationNetwork[];
@@ -9,6 +10,24 @@ interface CanvasProps {
   onNodeClick: (bibcode: string) => void;
 }
 
+// 从 CSS 令牌读取当前主题的 canvas 配色（随浅色/暗色切换）
+function readCanvasColors() {
+  const cs = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement);
+  const get = (k: string, fallback: string) =>
+    cs.getPropertyValue(k).trim() || fallback;
+  return {
+    active: get('--canvas-active', '#0369a1'),
+    inactive: get('--canvas-inactive', '#475569'),
+    reference: get('--canvas-reference', '#b45309'),
+    citation: get('--canvas-citation', '#0e7490'),
+    link: get('--canvas-link', 'rgba(203, 213, 225, 0.22)'),
+    ring: get('--canvas-ring', 'rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.08)'),
+    pulse: get('--canvas-pulse', 'rgba(3, 105, 161, 0.025)'),
+    label: get('--canvas-label', '#475569'),
+    labelHover: get('--canvas-label-hover', '#0369a1'),
+  };
+}
+
 interface Node {
   id: string;
   label: string;
@@ -34,6 +53,7 @@ export function CitationGalaxyCanvas({
   onNodeClick,
 }: CanvasProps) {
   const canvasRef = useRef<HTMLCanvasElement | null>(null);
+  const { theme } = useTheme();
 
   useEffect(() => {
     const canvas = canvasRef.current;
@@ -47,6 +67,9 @@ export function CitationGalaxyCanvas({
     canvas.height = rect.height * dpr;
     ctx.scale(dpr, dpr);
 
+    // 读取当前主题的 canvas 配色（浅色/暗色自适应）
+    const C = readCanvasColors();
+
     const MAX_NODES = nodeLimit;
     const allIds = new Set<string>();
     const nodes: Node[] = [];
@@ -69,7 +92,7 @@ export function CitationGalaxyCanvas({
           vx: 0,
           vy: 0,
           radius,
-          color: isActive ? '#0369a1' : '#475569',
+          color: isActive ? C.active : C.inactive,
           type: 'center',
           inDb: true,
         });
@@ -97,7 +120,7 @@ export function CitationGalaxyCanvas({
             vx: 0,
             vy: 0,
             radius: 8, // 初始值，稍后按连线数重算
-            color: '#b45309',
+            color: C.reference,
             type: 'reference',
             inDb,
           });
@@ -129,7 +152,7 @@ export function CitationGalaxyCanvas({
             vx: 0,
             vy: 0,
             radius: 8, // 初始值，稍后按连线数重算
-            color: '#0e7490',
+            color: C.citation,
             type: 'citation',
             inDb,
           });
@@ -256,7 +279,7 @@ export function CitationGalaxyCanvas({
       // 绘制背景宇宙引力线 & 刻度圈 - 极其素雅的学术引力线
       const centerNode = nodes.find((n) => n.id === activeNetwork.bibcode);
       if (centerNode) {
-        ctx.strokeStyle = 'rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.08)';
+        ctx.strokeStyle = C.ring;
         ctx.lineWidth = 0.75;
         ctx.setLineDash([3, 5]);
 
@@ -269,7 +292,7 @@ export function CitationGalaxyCanvas({
         ctx.stroke();
 
         // 动态引力波圈 - 调低对比度，使其呈极其微弱安静的向外平滑脉冲
-        ctx.strokeStyle = 'rgba(3, 105, 161, 0.025)';
+        ctx.strokeStyle = C.pulse;
         ctx.setLineDash([]);
         const pulseRadius = 130 + (frameCount % 120) * 0.4;
         ctx.beginPath();
@@ -286,7 +309,7 @@ export function CitationGalaxyCanvas({
           ctx.beginPath();
           ctx.moveTo(sourceNode.x, sourceNode.y);
           ctx.lineTo(targetNode.x, targetNode.y);
-          ctx.strokeStyle = 'rgba(203, 213, 225, 0.22)';
+          ctx.strokeStyle = C.link;
           ctx.stroke();
         }
       });
@@ -327,7 +350,7 @@ export function CitationGalaxyCanvas({
         ctx.lineWidth = 0.75;
         ctx.stroke();
 
-        ctx.fillStyle = isHovered ? '#0369a1' : '#475569';
+        ctx.fillStyle = isHovered ? C.labelHover : C.label;
         ctx.font = isHovered ? 'bold 9.5px sans-serif' : '9px sans-serif';
         ctx.textAlign = 'center';
         ctx.fillText(
@@ -531,7 +554,7 @@ export function CitationGalaxyCanvas({
       canvas.removeEventListener('touchmove', handleTouchMove);
       canvas.removeEventListener('touchend', handleTouchEnd);
     };
-  }, [networks, activeNetwork, nodeLimit, onNodeClick]);
+  }, [networks, activeNetwork, nodeLimit, onNodeClick, theme]);
 
   return (
     <canvas
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/CustomSelect.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/CustomSelect.tsx
index 8436288..797ad3a 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/CustomSelect.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/CustomSelect.tsx
@@ -53,22 +53,22 @@ export function CustomSelect<T extends string | number = string | number>({
         type="button"
         disabled={disabled}
         onClick={() => setIsOpen(!isOpen)}
-        className={`w-full flex items-center justify-between gap-1.5 bg-white border border-slate-250 hover:border-slate-350 rounded-md text-xs font-semibold text-slate-700 transition-all text-left outline-none cursor-pointer ${
+        className={`w-full flex items-center justify-between gap-1.5 bg-surface border border-default hover:border-border-strong rounded-md text-xs font-semibold text-secondary transition-all text-left outline-none cursor-pointer ${
           size === 'sm' ? 'px-2 py-0.5' : 'px-2.5 py-2'
         } ${
-          isOpen ? 'border-blueprint ring-1 ring-blueprint bg-white' : ''
-        } ${disabled ? 'bg-slate-50 text-slate-450 cursor-not-allowed border-slate-200' : ''}`}
+          isOpen ? 'border-blueprint ring-1 ring-blueprint bg-surface' : ''
+        } ${disabled ? 'bg-sunken text-tertiary cursor-not-allowed border-subtle' : ''}`}
       >
         <span className="truncate">{selectedOption?.label}</span>
         <ChevronDown
-          className={`w-3.5 h-3.5 text-slate-400 transition-transform duration-200 shrink-0 ${
+          className={`w-3.5 h-3.5 text-tertiary transition-transform duration-200 shrink-0 ${
             isOpen ? 'rotate-180 text-blueprint' : ''
           }`}
         />
       </button>
 
       {isOpen && !disabled && (
-        <div className="absolute left-0 mt-1.5 w-full min-w-[80px] bg-white border border-slate-200 rounded-md shadow-md py-1 z-50 max-h-60 overflow-y-auto scrollbar-thin">
+        <div className="absolute left-0 mt-1.5 w-full min-w-[80px] bg-elevated rounded-md shadow-md py-1 z-50 max-h-60 overflow-y-auto scrollbar-thin">
           {options.map((option) => {
             const isSelected = option.value === value;
             return (
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ export function CustomSelect<T extends string | number = string | number>({
                 } ${
                   isSelected
                     ? 'bg-blueprint/5 text-blueprint font-bold'
-                    : 'text-slate-600 hover:bg-slate-50 hover:text-slate-900 font-medium'
+                    : 'text-secondary hover:bg-sunken hover:text-content font-medium'
                 }`}
               >
                 {option.label}
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/ErrorBoundary.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/ErrorBoundary.tsx
index 5ed8e7f..8f7e9a9 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/ErrorBoundary.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/ErrorBoundary.tsx
@@ -36,19 +36,17 @@ export class ErrorBoundary extends Component<Props, State> {
       }
 
       return (
-        <div className="flex flex-col items-center justify-center p-8 bg-white rounded-xl border border-slate-200 shadow-sm min-h-[300px]">
-          <div className="w-12 h-12 rounded-full bg-red-50 border border-red-100 flex items-center justify-center text-red-500 mb-4">
+        <div className="flex flex-col items-center justify-center p-8 bg-surface rounded-xl  shadow-sm min-h-[300px]">
+          <div className="w-12 h-12 rounded-full bg-red-50 border border-red-100 dark:bg-rose-500/10 dark:border-rose-500/30 flex items-center justify-center text-red-500 dark:text-rose-400 mb-4">
             <AlertTriangle className="w-6 h-6" />
           </div>
-          <h3 className="text-sm font-bold text-slate-800 mb-2">
-            组件渲染出错
-          </h3>
-          <p className="text-xs text-slate-500 text-center max-w-sm mb-4">
+          <h3 className="text-sm font-bold text-content mb-2">组件渲染出错</h3>
+          <p className="text-xs text-secondary text-center max-w-sm mb-4">
             {this.state.error?.message || '发生了未知错误'}
           </p>
           <button
             onClick={this.handleRetry}
-            className="flex items-center gap-2 px-4 py-2 bg-slate-100 hover:bg-slate-200 text-slate-700 rounded-lg text-xs font-semibold transition-colors cursor-pointer"
+            className="flex items-center gap-2 px-4 py-2 bg-sunken hover:bg-sunken text-secondary rounded-lg text-xs font-semibold transition-colors cursor-pointer"
           >
             <RefreshCw className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
             重试
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/Logo.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/Logo.tsx
index a0b7a3f..8e45ac9 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/Logo.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/Logo.tsx
@@ -16,27 +16,27 @@ export function Logo({
       xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
       className={className}
     >
-      {/* Outer Orbit Ring (Light Blue) */}
+      {/* Outer Orbit Ring (Adaptive) */}
       <circle
         cx="24"
         cy="24"
         r="21.5"
-        stroke="#38bdf8"
+        stroke="currentColor"
         strokeWidth="1.2"
-        strokeOpacity="0.6"
+        strokeOpacity="0.4"
         strokeDasharray="2 2"
       />
 
-      {/* Secondary Ellipse Orbit (Light Blue, tilted along top-left to bottom-right diagonal) */}
+      {/* Secondary Ellipse Orbit (Adaptive, tilted along top-left to bottom-right diagonal) */}
       <ellipse
         cx="24"
         cy="24"
         rx="21"
         ry="8.5"
         transform="rotate(36 24 24)"
-        stroke="#0284c7"
+        stroke="currentColor"
         strokeWidth="1.2"
-        strokeOpacity="0.5"
+        strokeOpacity="0.35"
       />
 
       {/* Main Ellipse Orbit (Adaptive Color, tilted along bottom-left to top-right diagonal, major axis slightly larger than outer circle diameter) */}
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/PaperCard.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/PaperCard.tsx
index fb282e4..7405f0b 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/PaperCard.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/PaperCard.tsx
@@ -29,19 +29,19 @@ export function PaperCard({
     return (
       <div
         onClick={onClick}
-        className="console-panel p-5 rounded-lg border border-slate-200 hover:border-slate-400 bg-white flex flex-col justify-between relative overflow-hidden group transition-all cursor-pointer shadow-sm select-none"
+        className="console-panel p-5 rounded-lg flex flex-col justify-between relative overflow-hidden group cursor-pointer select-none"
       >
         {/* Top Right Corner Status Badge */}
         {statusBadge}
 
         <div className="pr-10">
           <div>
-            <h3 className="font-bold text-xs text-slate-900 line-clamp-2 hover:text-blueprint transition-all leading-relaxed">
+            <h3 className="font-bold text-xs text-content line-clamp-2 hover:text-blueprint transition-all leading-relaxed">
               {getDoctypeBadge(paper.doctype)}
               <span className="align-middle">{paper.title}</span>
             </h3>
           </div>
-          <div className="text-[10px] text-slate-500 font-semibold mt-1.5 uppercase">
+          <div className="text-[10px] text-secondary font-semibold mt-1.5 uppercase">
             作者: {paper.authors.slice(0, 2).join(', ')}
             {paper.authors.length > 2 ? ' 等' : ''} | 发表年份: {paper.year}
           </div>
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ export function PaperCard({
 
         {/* Footer Area */}
         {(footerLeft || footerRight) && (
-          <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-t border-slate-100 pt-3 mt-4 text-[10px]">
+          <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-t border-subtle pt-3 mt-4 text-[10px]">
             <div className="flex flex-col gap-1 flex-1 min-w-0">
               {footerLeft}
             </div>
@@ -67,36 +67,33 @@ export function PaperCard({
   // default 'list' variant
   return (
     <div
-      className={`console-panel p-6 rounded-lg border transition-all relative ${
-        isSelected
-          ? 'border-slate-800 bg-slate-50/30'
-          : 'border-slate-200 hover:border-slate-350 hover:bg-white'
+      className={`console-panel p-6 rounded-lg relative ${
+        isSelected ? '!border-blueprint !bg-blueprint/5' : ''
       }`}
     >
       {/* Selection indicator side bar */}
       {isSelected && (
-        <div className="absolute top-0 left-0 w-1.5 h-full bg-slate-800 rounded-l-lg" />
+        <div className="absolute top-0 left-0 w-1.5 h-full bg-blueprint rounded-l-lg" />
       )}
 
       <div className="flex flex-col md:flex-row md:justify-between md:items-start gap-4 mb-3">
         <div className="flex-1">
           <h3
-            className="font-bold text-sm text-slate-900 hover:text-slate-800 cursor-pointer transition-all line-clamp-2 leading-relaxed"
+            className="font-bold text-sm text-content hover:text-content cursor-pointer transition-all line-clamp-2 leading-relaxed"
             onClick={onClick}
           >
             {getDoctypeBadge(paper.doctype)}
             <span className="align-middle">{paper.title}</span>
           </h3>
-          <p className="text-xs text-slate-500 font-medium mt-2 leading-snug">
+          <p className="text-xs text-secondary font-medium mt-2 leading-snug">
             作者:{' '}
-            <span className="text-slate-800">
+            <span className="text-content">
               {paper.authors.slice(0, 5).join(', ')}
               {paper.authors.length > 5 ? ' 等' : ''}
             </span>{' '}
-            • 年份:{' '}
-            <span className="text-slate-850 font-bold">{paper.year}</span> •
-            出版期刊:{' '}
-            <span className="italic text-slate-700">
+            • 年份: <span className="text-content font-bold">{paper.year}</span>{' '}
+            • 出版期刊:{' '}
+            <span className="italic text-secondary">
               {paper.pub_journal || '未标注'}
             </span>
           </p>
@@ -113,10 +110,10 @@ export function PaperCard({
 
       {/* Footer Area */}
       {(footerLeft || footerRight) && (
-        <div className="flex flex-col sm:flex-row justify-between items-stretch sm:items-center border-t border-slate-100 pt-4 gap-3">
+        <div className="flex flex-col sm:flex-row justify-between items-stretch sm:items-center border-t border-subtle pt-4 gap-3">
           {footerLeft && <div className="flex gap-2">{footerLeft}</div>}
           {footerRight && (
-            <div className="text-xs text-slate-450 flex flex-wrap gap-x-4 gap-y-1 font-mono">
+            <div className="text-xs text-tertiary flex flex-wrap gap-x-4 gap-y-1 font-mono">
               {footerRight}
             </div>
           )}
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/agent/AgentInputArea.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/agent/AgentInputArea.tsx
index 32460b3..9fa4a96 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/agent/AgentInputArea.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/agent/AgentInputArea.tsx
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ export function AgentInputArea({
   handlePaste,
 }: AgentInputAreaProps) {
   return (
-    <div className="absolute bottom-0 left-0 right-0 p-4 bg-transparent pointer-events-none shrink-0 z-30 flex flex-col gap-3">
+    <div className="absolute bottom-0 left-0 right-0 px-4 pb-0 pt-4 bg-transparent pointer-events-none shrink-0 z-30 flex flex-col gap-3">
       <form
         onSubmit={(e) => {
           e.preventDefault();
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ export function AgentInputArea({
         }}
         className="max-w-4xl mx-auto w-full pointer-events-auto"
       >
-        <div className="bg-slate-50 border border-slate-200/60 rounded-lg p-2.5 focus-within:bg-white focus-within:border-blueprint focus-within:ring-1 focus-within:ring-blueprint/10 transition-all shadow-sm flex flex-col gap-2">
+        <div className="bg-sunken border border-default rounded-lg p-2.5 focus-within:bg-surface focus-within:border-blueprint focus-within:ring-1 focus-within:ring-blueprint/10 transition-all flex flex-col gap-2">
           {/* 图片预览 */}
           {pendingImage && (
             <div className="relative inline-block mb-1 group select-none self-start">
@@ -89,12 +89,12 @@ export function AgentInputArea({
                     : `data:${pendingImage.mime_type};base64,${pendingImage.data}`
                 }
                 alt="Preview"
-                className="w-12 h-12 object-cover rounded-lg border border-slate-200 shadow-sm"
+                className="w-12 h-12 object-cover rounded-lg"
               />
               <button
                 type="button"
                 onClick={() => setPendingImage(null)}
-                className="absolute -top-1.5 -right-1.5 bg-slate-500/80 hover:bg-slate-700 text-white rounded-full p-0.5 shadow-sm transition-colors cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-center"
+                className="absolute -top-1.5 -right-1.5 bg-slate-500/80 hover:bg-slate-700 text-white rounded-full p-0.5 transition-colors cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-center"
                 title="移除图片"
               >
                 <X className="w-2.5 h-2.5" />
@@ -114,9 +114,9 @@ export function AgentInputArea({
             placeholder="向科研智能体提问（可粘贴或上传图片，配合深度研究模式分析图表）..."
             rows={2}
             onPaste={handlePaste}
-            className="w-full bg-transparent resize-none border-none outline-none focus:outline-none focus:ring-0 text-xs text-slate-900 placeholder-slate-400 leading-relaxed font-semibold min-h-[44px] max-h-40"
+            className="w-full bg-transparent resize-none border-none outline-none focus:outline-none focus:ring-0 text-xs text-content placeholder-tertiary leading-relaxed font-semibold min-h-[44px] max-h-40"
           />
-          <div className="flex justify-between items-center mt-2.5 pt-2 border-t border-slate-100/80">
+          <div className="flex justify-between items-center mt-2.5 pt-2 border-t border-subtle">
             <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-2 items-center">
               {/* 图片上传 */}
               <input
@@ -138,14 +138,14 @@ export function AgentInputArea({
                 className={`p-1.5 rounded-lg border text-[10px] font-bold transition-all cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-1 ${
                   pendingImage
                     ? 'bg-blueprint/5 border-blueprint/30 text-blueprint'
-                    : 'bg-white border-slate-200 text-slate-400 hover:text-blueprint hover:border-blueprint/20'
+                    : 'bg-surface border-subtle text-tertiary hover:text-blueprint hover:border-blueprint/20'
                 } disabled:opacity-60`}
               >
                 <Paperclip className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
               </button>
 
               {/* Agent 模式选择器 */}
-              <div className="flex gap-1 bg-slate-100 p-0.5 rounded-lg border border-slate-200">
+              <div className="flex gap-1 bg-sunken p-0.5 rounded-lg ">
                 {agentModes.map((m) => {
                   const IconComp = getIconComponent(m.icon);
                   const isSelected = agentMode === m.id;
@@ -158,8 +158,8 @@ export function AgentInputArea({
                       title={m.description}
                       className={`px-2 py-1.5 rounded-md text-[10px] font-extrabold transition-all border cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-1 shrink-0 ${
                         isSelected
-                          ? 'bg-white text-blueprint shadow-xs border-slate-200/50'
-                          : 'bg-transparent border-transparent text-slate-400 hover:text-blueprint'
+                          ? 'bg-surface text-blueprint border-subtle'
+                          : 'bg-transparent border-transparent text-tertiary hover:text-blueprint'
                       } disabled:opacity-60`}
                     >
                       <IconComp
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ export function AgentInputArea({
               {/* 思考模式开关 */}
               {agentMode === 'default' && (
                 <>
-                  <div className="h-4 w-px bg-slate-200 mx-1 hidden sm:block" />
+                  <div className="h-4 w-px bg-border-subtle mx-1 hidden sm:block" />
                   <button
                     type="button"
                     onClick={() => setThinking(!thinking)}
@@ -186,8 +186,8 @@ export function AgentInputArea({
                     }
                     className={`px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-lg border text-[10px] font-bold transition-all cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-1 shrink-0 ${
                       thinking
-                        ? 'bg-blueprint/5 border-blueprint/30 text-blueprint shadow-3xs'
-                        : 'bg-white border-slate-200 text-slate-400 hover:text-blueprint hover:border-blueprint/20'
+                        ? 'bg-blueprint/5 border-blueprint/30 text-blueprint'
+                        : 'bg-surface border-subtle text-tertiary hover:text-blueprint hover:border-blueprint/20'
                     } disabled:opacity-60`}
                   >
                     <Brain
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ export function AgentInputArea({
                 <button
                   type="button"
                   onClick={onStop}
-                  className="p-2 rounded-md bg-slate-800 hover:bg-slate-950 text-white transition-colors cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-center shadow-xs"
+                  className="p-2 rounded-md bg-elevated hover:bg-slate-950 text-white transition-colors cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-center"
                   title="手动停止执行"
                 >
                   <Square className="w-3.5 h-3.5 fill-white" />
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ export function AgentInputArea({
                 <button
                   type="submit"
                   disabled={!input.trim()}
-                  className="p-2 rounded-md bg-blueprint hover:bg-[#0d5988] text-white disabled:bg-slate-100 disabled:text-slate-350 transition-colors cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-center shadow-xs"
+                  className="p-2 rounded-md bg-blueprint hover:opacity-90 text-white disabled:bg-sunken disabled:text-tertiary transition-colors cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-center"
                 >
                   <Send className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
                 </button>
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/agent/AgentMessageList.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/agent/AgentMessageList.tsx
index f157df8..eff451c 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/agent/AgentMessageList.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/agent/AgentMessageList.tsx
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import React from 'react';
+import React, { useEffect } from 'react';
 import {
   PanelLeftOpen,
   BarChart3,
@@ -12,15 +12,20 @@ import {
   RotateCcw,
   RefreshCw,
   GitBranch,
+  X,
+  Sliders,
+  ListTodo,
 } from 'lucide-react';
 import { AgentMarkdown } from './AgentMarkdown';
 import { ThoughtCard } from './ThoughtCard';
 import { ToolCallCard } from './ToolCallCard';
+import { TodoTaskCard } from './SpecialToolRenderers';
 import { AnswerCard } from './AnswerCard';
 import { SubAgentContainer } from './SubAgentContainer';
 import { PARENT_COLORS } from './constants';
 import type { ColorScheme } from './constants';
 import type { TimelineItem } from './types';
+import { getToolMeta } from './index';
 
 import type {
   ProcessedTurn,
@@ -98,8 +103,18 @@ interface AgentMessageListProps {
   setActiveTab?: (tab: TabId) => void;
   citations?: ReturnType<typeof useCitations>;
   library?: ReturnType<typeof useLibrary>;
+  showTaskSidebar?: boolean;
+  setShowTaskSidebar?: (val: boolean) => void;
+  hasTodos?: boolean;
+  activeTodos?: any[];
 }
 
+// 内部工具（is_internal = true）渲染模式配置：
+// - 'full': 开发阶段以完整卡片模式展示，方便调试与排错
+// - 'micro': 以微缩徽标模式展示
+// - 'hidden': 彻底隐藏，不在聊天时间线中展示
+const INTERNAL_TOOL_RENDER_MODE: 'full' | 'micro' | 'hidden' = 'full';
+
 export function AgentMessageList({
   turns,
   activeTurn,
@@ -139,7 +154,32 @@ export function AgentMessageList({
   setActiveTab,
   citations,
   library,
+  showTaskSidebar,
+  setShowTaskSidebar,
+  hasTodos,
+  activeTodos,
 }: AgentMessageListProps) {
+  const [isSessionControlExpanded, setIsSessionControlExpanded] =
+    React.useState(false);
+  // 点击外部自动关闭指标或审计日志面板（避开对切换按钮本身的点击判定）
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!showMetrics && !showAuditLog) return;
+
+    const handleClickOutside = (e: MouseEvent) => {
+      const target = e.target as HTMLElement;
+      const isInsidePanel = target.closest('.absolute.left-4.right-4.top-2');
+      const isTriggerButton = target.closest('.panel-trigger');
+
+      if (!isInsidePanel && !isTriggerButton) {
+        setShowMetrics(false);
+        setShowAuditLog(false);
+      }
+    };
+
+    document.addEventListener('click', handleClickOutside);
+    return () => document.removeEventListener('click', handleClickOutside);
+  }, [showMetrics, showAuditLog, setShowMetrics, setShowAuditLog]);
+
   const renderTimelineItem = (
     item: TimelineItem,
     idx: number,
@@ -180,19 +220,59 @@ export function AgentMessageList({
         );
       }
       case 'tool_call': {
-        // 如果是系统级内部工具，并且执行没有出错，则直接在前端隐藏，避免聊天时间线过于嘈杂
-        if (
-          SYSTEM_INTERNAL_TOOLS.includes(item.name) &&
-          !item.result?.isError
-        ) {
-          return null;
+        const meta = getToolMeta(item.name);
+        const isInternal =
+          meta?.is_internal ||
+          item.is_internal ||
+          SYSTEM_INTERNAL_TOOLS.includes(item.name);
+        const displayName =
+          meta?.display_name || item.display_name || item.name;
+        // 如果是系统级内部工具，并且执行没有出错
+        if (isInternal && !item.result?.isError) {
+          if (INTERNAL_TOOL_RENDER_MODE === 'hidden') {
+            return null; // 彻底不显示
+          }
+          if (INTERNAL_TOOL_RENDER_MODE === 'micro') {
+            const isPending = !item.result;
+            return (
+              <div
+                key={`tc-internal-${item.id || idx}`}
+                className="flex items-center gap-2 py-0.5 px-2.5 rounded-full bg-sunken/40 dark:bg-sunken/20 text-[10px] text-tertiary select-none w-fit font-mono my-0.5 ml-1 animate-in fade-in slide-in-from-left-1 duration-200"
+              >
+                {isPending ? (
+                  <>
+                    <span className="relative flex h-1.5 w-1.5 shrink-0">
+                      <span className="animate-ping absolute inline-flex h-full w-full rounded-full bg-blueprint opacity-75"></span>
+                      <span className="relative inline-flex rounded-full h-1.5 w-1.5 bg-blueprint"></span>
+                    </span>
+                    <span className="font-extrabold text-content">
+                      {displayName}
+                    </span>
+                    <span className="text-[9px] text-blueprint/90 animate-pulse font-bold">
+                      执行中
+                    </span>
+                  </>
+                ) : (
+                  <>
+                    <span className="h-1.5 w-1.5 rounded-full bg-secondary shrink-0" />
+                    <span className="text-secondary/80">{displayName}</span>
+                    <span className="text-[9px] text-secondary/40 font-medium">
+                      已完成
+                    </span>
+                  </>
+                )}
+              </div>
+            );
+          }
+          // 'full' 模式下，直接继续往下执行，渲染为完整的 ToolCallCard 样式
         }
-        const tcId = item.id;
+        const tcId = item.id || `tc-${item.step}-${idx}`;
         return (
           <ToolCallCard
             key={`tc-${tcId}-${idx}`}
             step={item.step}
             name={item.name}
+            display_name={displayName}
             arguments={item.arguments}
             result={item.result}
             isStreaming={isStreaming}
@@ -222,27 +302,27 @@ export function AgentMessageList({
   };
 
   return (
-    <div className="flex-1 flex flex-col overflow-hidden bg-white relative">
+    <div className="flex-1 flex flex-col overflow-hidden bg-surface relative">
       {/* 会话头部 */}
-      <div className="px-5 py-4 border-b border-slate-200 flex items-center justify-between shrink-0 bg-white">
+      <div className="px-5 py-4 flex items-center justify-between shrink-0 bg-surface">
         <div className="min-w-0 pr-4 flex items-center gap-2">
           {sidebarCollapsed && (
             <button
               onClick={() => setSidebarCollapsed(false)}
-              className="p-1.5 rounded-lg border border-slate-200 bg-white hover:bg-slate-50 text-slate-500 hover:text-slate-700 transition-all cursor-pointer mr-1 shrink-0"
+              className="p-1.5 rounded-lg bg-surface hover:bg-sunken text-secondary hover:text-secondary transition-all cursor-pointer mr-1 shrink-0"
               title="展开侧栏"
             >
               <PanelLeftOpen className="w-4 h-4" />
             </button>
           )}
           <div>
-            <h3 className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-800 tracking-wide line-clamp-1">
+            <h3 className="text-xs font-bold text-content tracking-wide line-clamp-1">
               {currentSessionId
                 ? sessions.find((s) => s.session_id === currentSessionId)
                     ?.title || '未命名会话'
                 : '探索性科研研讨'}
             </h3>
-            <p className="text-[10px] text-slate-400 font-semibold mt-0.5">
+            <p className="text-[10px] text-tertiary font-semibold mt-0.5">
               科研智能体
             </p>
           </div>
@@ -254,10 +334,10 @@ export function AgentMessageList({
               setShowMetrics(!showMetrics);
               setShowAuditLog(false);
             }}
-            className={`p-1.5 rounded-lg border text-xs font-bold transition-all cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-1 ${
+            className={`panel-trigger p-1.5 rounded-lg border text-xs font-bold transition-all cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-1 ${
               showMetrics
                 ? 'bg-blueprint/5 border-blueprint/20 text-blueprint'
-                : 'bg-white border-slate-200 text-slate-500 hover:text-blueprint hover:border-blueprint/20'
+                : 'bg-surface border-subtle text-secondary hover:text-blueprint hover:border-blueprint/20'
             }`}
             title="运行指标"
           >
@@ -270,10 +350,10 @@ export function AgentMessageList({
                 setShowAuditLog(!showAuditLog);
                 setShowMetrics(false);
               }}
-              className={`p-1.5 rounded-lg border text-xs font-bold transition-all cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-1 ${
+              className={`panel-trigger p-1.5 rounded-lg border text-xs font-bold transition-all cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-1 ${
                 showAuditLog
-                  ? 'bg-amber-50 border-amber-200 text-amber-700'
-                  : 'bg-white border-slate-200 text-slate-500 hover:text-amber-600 hover:border-amber-200'
+                  ? 'bg-blueprint/5 border-blueprint/20 text-blueprint'
+                  : 'bg-surface border-subtle text-secondary hover:text-blueprint hover:border-blueprint/20'
               }`}
               title="审计日志"
             >
@@ -283,7 +363,7 @@ export function AgentMessageList({
           {currentSessionId && (
             <button
               onClick={(e) => handleDeleteSession(currentSessionId, e)}
-              className="p-1.5 rounded-lg border border-slate-200 bg-white text-slate-500 hover:text-red-600 hover:border-red-200 transition-all cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-1"
+              className="p-1.5 rounded-lg border bg-surface border-subtle text-secondary hover:text-danger hover:border-red-200 dark:hover:border-red-500/30 transition-all cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-1"
               title="删除会话"
             >
               <Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
@@ -292,39 +372,95 @@ export function AgentMessageList({
         </div>
       </div>
 
-      {/* Agent 运行指标面板 — 固定在聊天区域上方 */}
-      {showMetrics && (
-        <div className="border-b border-sky-200 bg-white px-5 py-4 max-h-[45vh] overflow-y-auto scrollbar-thin shrink-0">
-          <AgentMetricsPanel showAlert={showAlert} />
-        </div>
-      )}
+      {/* 悬浮面板容器 */}
+      <div className="relative z-20 shrink-0">
+        {/* Agent 运行指标面板 — 悬浮在聊天区域上方 */}
+        {showMetrics && (
+          <div className="absolute left-4 right-4 top-2 bg-surface/95 backdrop-blur-md border border-subtle rounded-xl shadow-2xl px-5 py-4 max-h-[50vh] overflow-y-auto scrollbar-thin animate-in slide-in-from-top-2 fade-in duration-200 z-30">
+            <div className="absolute right-4 top-4 z-10">
+              <button
+                onClick={() => setShowMetrics(false)}
+                className="p-1 rounded-md hover:bg-sunken text-tertiary hover:text-content transition-colors cursor-pointer"
+                title="关闭"
+              >
+                <X className="w-4 h-4" />
+              </button>
+            </div>
+            <AgentMetricsPanel showAlert={showAlert} />
+          </div>
+        )}
 
-      {/* 会话审计日志 — 固定在聊天区域上方 */}
-      {showAuditLog && currentSessionId && (
-        <div className="border-b border-amber-200 bg-white px-5 py-4 max-h-[45vh] overflow-y-auto scrollbar-thin shrink-0">
-          <AuditLogViewer
-            sessionId={currentSessionId}
-            onClose={() => setShowAuditLog(false)}
-          />
-        </div>
-      )}
+        {/* 会话审计日志 — 悬浮在聊天区域上方 */}
+        {showAuditLog && currentSessionId && (
+          <div className="absolute left-4 right-4 top-2 bg-surface/95 backdrop-blur-md border border-subtle rounded-xl shadow-2xl px-5 py-4 max-h-[50vh] overflow-y-auto scrollbar-thin animate-in slide-in-from-top-2 fade-in duration-200 z-30">
+            <AuditLogViewer
+              sessionId={currentSessionId}
+              onClose={() => setShowAuditLog(false)}
+            />
+          </div>
+        )}
+
+        {/* 科研任务看板 — 悬浮在右上角 */}
+        {showTaskSidebar &&
+          hasTodos &&
+          activeTodos &&
+          activeTodos.length > 0 && (
+            <div className="absolute right-4 top-2 w-80 bg-surface/95 backdrop-blur-md border border-subtle rounded-xl shadow-2xl flex flex-col max-h-[50vh] overflow-hidden animate-in slide-in-from-top-2 fade-in duration-200 z-30">
+              {/* 固定头部 — 不随内容滚动 */}
+              <div className="flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-3 border-b border-subtle bg-sunken/10 shrink-0">
+                <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+                  <div className="w-2.5 h-2.5 rounded-full bg-blueprint animate-pulse" />
+                  <h4 className="text-[11px] font-extrabold text-content tracking-wider uppercase">
+                    科研研究规划
+                  </h4>
+                </div>
+                <button
+                  onClick={() =>
+                    setShowTaskSidebar && setShowTaskSidebar(false)
+                  }
+                  className="p-1 rounded hover:bg-sunken text-tertiary hover:text-content transition-colors cursor-pointer"
+                  title="关闭"
+                >
+                  <X className="w-4 h-4" />
+                </button>
+              </div>
+
+              {/* 可滚动区域 — 仅滚动任务列表 */}
+              <div className="flex-1 overflow-y-auto p-4 scrollbar-thin">
+                <TodoTaskCard todos={activeTodos} />
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          )}
+
+        {/* 悬浮打开任务看板按钮 — 样式参考光谱放大按钮 */}
+        {hasTodos && !showTaskSidebar && setShowTaskSidebar && (
+          <button
+            onClick={() => setShowTaskSidebar(true)}
+            className="absolute top-2 right-4 p-1.5 rounded bg-surface/90 hover:bg-surface border border-subtle hover:border-default text-tertiary hover:text-content transition-all shadow-xs z-30 cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-1.5"
+            title="展开任务规划"
+          >
+            <ListTodo className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-blueprint" />
+            <span className="text-[10px] font-bold">研究规划</span>
+          </button>
+        )}
+      </div>
 
       {/* 消息滚动区域 */}
       <div
         ref={scrollContainerRef}
         onScroll={handleScroll}
-        className={`flex-1 overflow-y-auto p-5 space-y-6 bg-slate-50/50 scrollbar-thin transition-all duration-300 ${
+        className={`flex-1 overflow-y-auto p-5 space-y-6 bg-sunken scrollbar-thin transition-all duration-300 [overflow-anchor:auto] ${
           hasPendingPermission || hasPendingQuestion ? 'pb-80' : 'pb-36'
         }`}
       >
         {turns.length === 0 && !activeTurn ? (
           <div className="py-12 space-y-8 max-w-xl mx-auto">
             <div className="text-center space-y-2">
-              <Compass className="w-12 h-12 mx-auto text-sky-500 opacity-60" />
-              <h3 className="text-sm font-extrabold text-slate-800 tracking-wider">
+              <Compass className="w-12 h-12 mx-auto text-blueprint opacity-60" />
+              <h3 className="text-sm font-extrabold text-content tracking-wider">
                 智能天体物理科研助手
               </h3>
-              <p className="text-xs text-slate-500 leading-relaxed font-semibold">
+              <p className="text-xs text-secondary leading-relaxed font-semibold">
                 具备 NASA ADS 跨文献库检索、PDF/HTML 原文结构化解析、SQLite-Vec
                 本地文献 RAG 语义检索、以及 CDS Sesame
                 真实天体参数解析等专业级工具。
@@ -333,7 +469,7 @@ export function AgentMessageList({
 
             {/* 快速提示词 */}
             <div className="space-y-3">
-              <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-slate-400 tracking-widest uppercase block">
+              <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-tertiary tracking-widest uppercase block">
                 推荐研究提问方向:
               </span>
               <div className="grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-2 gap-3">
@@ -341,12 +477,12 @@ export function AgentMessageList({
                   <button
                     key={idx}
                     onClick={() => handleSend(q)}
-                    className="w-full text-left bg-white hover:bg-blueprint/5 border border-slate-200 hover:border-blueprint/30 rounded-lg p-3 text-xs text-slate-700 leading-relaxed font-medium transition-all shadow-2xs hover:shadow-xs cursor-pointer flex flex-col gap-1 group"
+                    className="w-full text-left bg-surface hover:bg-blueprint/5 hover:border-blueprint/30 rounded-lg p-3 text-xs text-secondary leading-relaxed font-medium transition-all cursor-pointer flex flex-col gap-1 group"
                   >
                     <span className="group-hover:text-blueprint font-semibold">
                       {q}
                     </span>
-                    <span className="text-[9px] text-slate-400 uppercase font-bold tracking-wider">
+                    <span className="text-[9px] text-tertiary uppercase font-bold tracking-wider">
                       点击开始
                     </span>
                   </button>
@@ -361,20 +497,17 @@ export function AgentMessageList({
               <div key={turn.turn_index} className="space-y-4">
                 {/* 用户提问 */}
                 <div className="flex flex-col items-end space-y-1 group relative">
-                  <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-slate-400 px-1">
-                    我
-                  </span>
                   <div className="flex items-center gap-2 max-w-[85%]">
                     {turn.questionMessageId && (
                       <button
                         onClick={() => handleRewind(turn.questionMessageId)}
-                        className="opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 text-slate-400 hover:text-amber-600 p-1.5 rounded-lg hover:bg-slate-100 transition-all cursor-pointer shrink-0"
+                        className="opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 flex items-center justify-center w-7 h-7 rounded-full bg-surface border border-subtle shadow-sm text-tertiary hover:text-amber-600 hover:bg-sunken hover:border-amber-200/60 dark:hover:border-amber-500/30 transition-all duration-200 cursor-pointer shrink-0 mr-1"
                         title="回退到此消息之前"
                       >
                         <Rewind className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
                       </button>
                     )}
-                    <div className="rounded-lg px-4 py-3 text-xs leading-relaxed font-semibold shadow-2xs border bg-blueprint text-white border-blueprint select-text flex-1 space-y-2">
+                    <div className="rounded-lg px-4 py-3 text-xs leading-relaxed font-semibold bg-blueprint/10 text-content dark:bg-blueprint/15 select-text flex-1 space-y-2">
                       {turn.imagePath && (
                         <img
                           src={turn.imagePath}
@@ -389,7 +522,7 @@ export function AgentMessageList({
 
                 {/* 时间线 — 思考/工具/答案 */}
                 {turn.timeline.length > 0 && (
-                  <div className="pl-4 border-l border-slate-200 space-y-3 my-2 relative">
+                  <div className="pl-4 border-l border-strong space-y-3 my-2 relative">
                     {turn.timeline.map((item: TimelineItem, idx: number) =>
                       renderTimelineItem(item, idx, false)
                     )}
@@ -398,7 +531,7 @@ export function AgentMessageList({
 
                 {/* Token 用量 */}
                 {turn.usage && turn.usage.total_tokens > 0 && (
-                  <div className="flex items-center gap-1 text-[9px] text-slate-400 font-mono pl-4">
+                  <div className="flex items-center gap-1 text-[9px] text-tertiary font-mono pl-4">
                     <span>Tokens: ~{turn.usage.total_tokens}</span>
                   </div>
                 )}
@@ -410,10 +543,7 @@ export function AgentMessageList({
               <div className="space-y-4">
                 {/* 当前提问 */}
                 <div className="flex flex-col items-end space-y-1">
-                  <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-slate-400 px-1">
-                    我
-                  </span>
-                  <div className="max-w-[85%] rounded-lg px-4 py-3 text-xs leading-relaxed font-semibold shadow-2xs border bg-blueprint text-white border-blueprint select-text space-y-2">
+                  <div className="max-w-[85%] rounded-lg px-4 py-3 text-xs leading-relaxed font-semibold bg-blueprint/10 text-content dark:bg-blueprint/15 select-text space-y-2">
                     {activeTurn.imagePath && (
                       <img
                         src={activeTurn.imagePath}
@@ -427,7 +557,7 @@ export function AgentMessageList({
 
                 {/* SSE Stream Timeline */}
                 {activeTurn.timeline.length > 0 && (
-                  <div className="pl-4 border-l border-slate-200 space-y-3 my-2 relative">
+                  <div className="pl-4 border-l border-strong space-y-3 my-2 relative">
                     {activeTurn.timeline.map(
                       (item: TimelineItem, idx: number) =>
                         renderTimelineItem(item, idx, true)
@@ -438,11 +568,11 @@ export function AgentMessageList({
                 {/* 最终回答 */}
                 {activeTurn.finalAnswer && (
                   <div className="flex flex-col items-start space-y-1">
-                    <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-slate-400 px-1 flex items-center gap-1">
+                    <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-tertiary px-1 flex items-center gap-1">
                       <CheckCircle2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-blueprint" />
                       <span>科研智能体输出最终结论</span>
                     </span>
-                    <div className="max-w-[90%] rounded-lg px-5 py-4 text-xs leading-relaxed font-semibold shadow-xs border bg-white text-slate-800 border-slate-200 select-text prose prose-sm max-w-none prose-headings:text-slate-900 prose-headings:font-bold prose-strong:text-slate-900 prose-code:text-blueprint prose-img:rounded-lg">
+                    <div className="max-w-[90%] rounded-lg px-5 py-4 text-xs leading-relaxed font-semibold border bg-surface text-content border-subtle select-text prose prose-sm max-w-none prose-headings:text-content prose-headings:font-bold prose-strong:text-content prose-code:text-blueprint prose-img:rounded-lg">
                       <AgentMarkdown>{activeTurn.finalAnswer}</AgentMarkdown>
                     </div>
                   </div>
@@ -450,7 +580,7 @@ export function AgentMessageList({
 
                 {/* 活跃的加载指示器 */}
                 {streaming && !activeTurn.finalAnswer && !activeTurn.error && (
-                  <div className="flex items-center space-x-2 text-slate-500 pl-2">
+                  <div className="flex items-center space-x-2 text-secondary pl-2">
                     <Loader className="w-4 h-4 animate-spin text-blueprint" />
                     <span className="text-[10px] font-bold">
                       智能体正在搜集信息进行推理分析...
@@ -460,8 +590,8 @@ export function AgentMessageList({
 
                 {/* Error block */}
                 {activeTurn.error && (
-                  <div className="flex items-start gap-2 bg-red-50 border border-red-200 text-red-750 rounded-lg p-3 text-xs w-[90%] font-semibold">
-                    <AlertTriangle className="w-4 h-4 text-red-500 shrink-0 mt-0.5" />
+                  <div className="flex items-start gap-2 bg-red-50 border border-red-200 text-red-700 dark:bg-rose-500/10 dark:text-rose-300 dark:border-rose-500/30 rounded-lg p-3 text-xs w-[90%] font-semibold">
+                    <AlertTriangle className="w-4 h-4 text-danger shrink-0 mt-0.5" />
                     <div>
                       <div className="font-bold">查询发生错误</div>
                       <div className="text-[10px] opacity-80 mt-0.5">
@@ -473,37 +603,88 @@ export function AgentMessageList({
               </div>
             )}
 
-            {/* 会话操作小图标栏 */}
+            {/* 会话操作控制台 (Session Version Controller) */}
             {currentSessionId && turns.length > 0 && !streaming && (
-              <div className="flex items-center gap-1 pt-2.5 justify-start border-t border-slate-100/60 mt-4 max-w-[200px]">
-                <button
-                  onClick={() => handleRewind(undefined, 1)}
-                  className="p-1.5 rounded-lg text-slate-400 hover:text-amber-600 hover:bg-slate-100 transition-all cursor-pointer"
-                  title="回退最近一轮对话 (undo)"
+              <div className="flex items-center mt-6 ml-4 select-none animate-in fade-in duration-300">
+                <div
+                  className={`console-panel rounded-full px-3 py-1 flex items-center bg-surface border border-subtle shadow-md w-fit hover:border-strong transition-all duration-300 ${
+                    isSessionControlExpanded ? 'gap-1.5' : 'gap-1'
+                  }`}
                 >
-                  <Rewind className="w-4 h-4" />
-                </button>
-                <button
-                  onClick={handleRestoreRewind}
-                  className="p-1.5 rounded-lg text-slate-400 hover:text-green-600 hover:bg-slate-100 transition-all cursor-pointer"
-                  title="恢复上次回退操作"
-                >
-                  <RotateCcw className="w-4 h-4" />
-                </button>
-                <button
-                  onClick={handleRetry}
-                  className="p-1.5 rounded-lg text-slate-400 hover:text-indigo-600 hover:bg-slate-100 transition-all cursor-pointer"
-                  title="重试最后一轮对话"
-                >
-                  <RefreshCw className="w-4 h-4" />
-                </button>
-                <button
-                  onClick={handleBranch}
-                  className="p-1.5 rounded-lg text-slate-400 hover:text-blue-600 hover:bg-slate-100 transition-all cursor-pointer"
-                  title="分叉当前会话"
-                >
-                  <GitBranch className="w-4 h-4" />
-                </button>
+                  {/* 可点击的控制头，用于折叠/展开 */}
+                  <div
+                    onClick={() =>
+                      setIsSessionControlExpanded(!isSessionControlExpanded)
+                    }
+                    className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[9px] font-extrabold text-tertiary tracking-wider uppercase pl-0.5 cursor-pointer hover:text-content transition-colors select-none"
+                  >
+                    <Sliders
+                      className={`w-3 h-3 transition-transform duration-300 ${
+                        isSessionControlExpanded
+                          ? 'rotate-90 text-blueprint'
+                          : 'text-tertiary'
+                      }`}
+                    />
+                    <span>会话控制</span>
+                    {/* 微型展开/折叠指示标签 */}
+                    <span className="text-[7px] text-tertiary/60 ml-0.5">
+                      {isSessionControlExpanded ? '◀' : '▶'}
+                    </span>
+                  </div>
+
+                  {/* 展开内容：滑出显示的操作按键 */}
+                  <div
+                    className={`flex items-center transition-all duration-300 ease-in-out overflow-hidden ${
+                      isSessionControlExpanded
+                        ? 'max-w-[150px] opacity-100'
+                        : 'max-w-0 opacity-0 pointer-events-none'
+                    }`}
+                  >
+                    <div className="h-3.5 w-[1px] bg-border-subtle mx-1.5 shrink-0" />
+                    <div className="flex items-center gap-1 shrink-0">
+                      <button
+                        onClick={(e) => {
+                          e.stopPropagation();
+                          handleRewind(undefined, 1);
+                        }}
+                        className="w-7 h-7 rounded-full flex items-center justify-center text-secondary border border-transparent hover:text-amber-600 hover:bg-sunken hover:border-amber-200/60 dark:hover:border-amber-500/30 transition-all duration-200 cursor-pointer"
+                        title="回退最近一轮对话 (undo)"
+                      >
+                        <Rewind className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
+                      </button>
+                      <button
+                        onClick={(e) => {
+                          e.stopPropagation();
+                          handleRestoreRewind();
+                        }}
+                        className="w-7 h-7 rounded-full flex items-center justify-center text-secondary border border-transparent hover:text-green-600 hover:bg-sunken hover:border-green-200/60 dark:hover:border-green-500/30 transition-all duration-200 cursor-pointer"
+                        title="恢复上次回退操作"
+                      >
+                        <RotateCcw className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
+                      </button>
+                      <button
+                        onClick={(e) => {
+                          e.stopPropagation();
+                          handleRetry();
+                        }}
+                        className="w-7 h-7 rounded-full flex items-center justify-center text-secondary border border-transparent hover:text-indigo-600 hover:bg-sunken hover:border-indigo-200/60 dark:hover:border-indigo-500/30 transition-all duration-200 cursor-pointer"
+                        title="重试最后一轮对话"
+                      >
+                        <RefreshCw className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
+                      </button>
+                      <button
+                        onClick={(e) => {
+                          e.stopPropagation();
+                          handleBranch();
+                        }}
+                        className="w-7 h-7 rounded-full flex items-center justify-center text-secondary border border-transparent hover:text-blue-600 hover:bg-sunken hover:border-blue-200/60 dark:hover:border-blue-500/30 transition-all duration-200 cursor-pointer"
+                        title="分叉当前会话"
+                      >
+                        <GitBranch className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
+                      </button>
+                    </div>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
               </div>
             )}
           </div>
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/agent/AgentMetricsPanel.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/agent/AgentMetricsPanel.tsx
index ad427d1..2d9d406 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/agent/AgentMetricsPanel.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/agent/AgentMetricsPanel.tsx
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import {
   Loader,
 } from 'lucide-react';
 import type { AgentMetricsResponse } from '../../types';
+import { getToolMeta } from './index';
 
 interface AgentMetricsPanelProps {
   showAlert?: (message: string, title?: string) => void;
@@ -54,43 +55,74 @@ const TOOL_LABELS: Record<string, string> = {
 
 // 工具调用的分类色
 const CATEGORY_COLORS: Record<string, string> = {
-  read_file: 'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 border-blue-200',
-  grep_files: 'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 border-blue-200',
-  glob_files: 'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 border-blue-200',
-  run_bash: 'bg-slate-200 text-slate-700 border-slate-300',
-  file_write: 'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 border-blue-200',
-  file_edit: 'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 border-blue-200',
-  search_papers: 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700 border-emerald-200',
-  get_paper_metadata: 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700 border-emerald-200',
-  download_paper: 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700 border-emerald-200',
-  parse_paper: 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700 border-emerald-200',
-  get_paper_content: 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700 border-emerald-200',
-  rag_search: 'bg-violet-100 text-violet-700 border-violet-200',
-  query_target: 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700 border-amber-200',
-  query_vizier: 'bg-violet-100 text-violet-700 border-violet-200',
-  cone_search: 'bg-violet-100 text-violet-700 border-violet-200',
-  find_observation: 'bg-slate-200 text-slate-700 border-slate-300',
-  catalog_operation: 'bg-violet-100 text-violet-700 border-violet-200',
-  save_note: 'bg-teal-100 text-teal-700 border-teal-200',
-  todo_write: 'bg-orange-100 text-orange-700 border-orange-200',
-  compress_context: 'bg-rose-100 text-rose-700 border-rose-200',
-  load_skill: 'bg-indigo-100 text-indigo-700 border-indigo-200',
-  subagent: 'bg-purple-100 text-purple-700 border-purple-200',
-  delegate_research: 'bg-purple-100 text-purple-700 border-purple-200',
-  ask_user: 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700 border-amber-200',
-  save_memory: 'bg-pink-100 text-pink-700 border-pink-200',
-  load_memory: 'bg-pink-100 text-pink-700 border-pink-200',
-  bg_task_run: 'bg-cyan-100 text-cyan-700 border-cyan-200',
-  bg_task_check: 'bg-cyan-100 text-cyan-700 border-cyan-200',
-  spawn_teammate: 'bg-fuchsia-100 text-fuchsia-700 border-fuchsia-200',
-  send_teammate_message: 'bg-fuchsia-100 text-fuchsia-700 border-fuchsia-200',
-  team_broadcast: 'bg-fuchsia-100 text-fuchsia-700 border-fuchsia-200',
-  check_team_inbox: 'bg-fuchsia-100 text-fuchsia-700 border-fuchsia-200',
+  read_file:
+    'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 border-transparent dark:bg-blue-500/15 dark:text-blue-300 dark:border-blue-500/30',
+  grep_files:
+    'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 border-transparent dark:bg-blue-500/15 dark:text-blue-300 dark:border-blue-500/30',
+  glob_files:
+    'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 border-transparent dark:bg-blue-500/15 dark:text-blue-300 dark:border-blue-500/30',
+  run_bash: 'bg-border-subtle text-secondary border-subtle',
+  file_write:
+    'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 border-transparent dark:bg-blue-500/15 dark:text-blue-300 dark:border-blue-500/30',
+  file_edit:
+    'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 border-transparent dark:bg-blue-500/15 dark:text-blue-300 dark:border-blue-500/30',
+  search_papers:
+    'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700 border-transparent dark:bg-emerald-500/15 dark:text-emerald-300 dark:border-emerald-500/30',
+  get_paper_metadata:
+    'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700 border-transparent dark:bg-emerald-500/15 dark:text-emerald-300 dark:border-emerald-500/30',
+  download_paper:
+    'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700 border-transparent dark:bg-emerald-500/15 dark:text-emerald-300 dark:border-emerald-500/30',
+  parse_paper:
+    'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700 border-transparent dark:bg-emerald-500/15 dark:text-emerald-300 dark:border-emerald-500/30',
+  get_paper_content:
+    'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700 border-transparent dark:bg-emerald-500/15 dark:text-emerald-300 dark:border-emerald-500/30',
+  rag_search:
+    'bg-violet-100 text-violet-700 border-transparent dark:bg-violet-500/15 dark:text-violet-300 dark:border-violet-500/30',
+  query_target:
+    'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700 border-transparent dark:bg-amber-500/15 dark:text-amber-300 dark:border-amber-500/30',
+  query_vizier:
+    'bg-violet-100 text-violet-700 border-transparent dark:bg-violet-500/15 dark:text-violet-300 dark:border-violet-500/30',
+  cone_search:
+    'bg-violet-100 text-violet-700 border-transparent dark:bg-violet-500/15 dark:text-violet-300 dark:border-violet-500/30',
+  find_observation: 'bg-border-subtle text-secondary border-subtle',
+  catalog_operation:
+    'bg-violet-100 text-violet-700 border-transparent dark:bg-violet-500/15 dark:text-violet-300 dark:border-violet-500/30',
+  save_note:
+    'bg-teal-100 text-teal-700 border-teal-200 dark:bg-teal-500/15 dark:text-teal-300 dark:border-teal-500/30',
+  todo_write:
+    'bg-orange-100 text-orange-700 border-transparent dark:bg-orange-500/15 dark:text-orange-300 dark:border-orange-500/30',
+  compress_context:
+    'bg-rose-100 text-rose-700 border-transparent dark:bg-rose-500/15 dark:text-rose-300 dark:border-rose-500/30',
+  load_skill:
+    'bg-indigo-100 text-indigo-700 border-transparent dark:bg-indigo-500/15 dark:text-indigo-300 dark:border-indigo-500/30',
+  subagent:
+    'bg-purple-100 text-purple-700 border-transparent dark:bg-purple-500/15 dark:text-purple-300 dark:border-purple-500/30',
+  delegate_research:
+    'bg-purple-100 text-purple-700 border-transparent dark:bg-purple-500/15 dark:text-purple-300 dark:border-purple-500/30',
+  ask_user:
+    'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700 border-transparent dark:bg-amber-500/15 dark:text-amber-300 dark:border-amber-500/30',
+  save_memory:
+    'bg-pink-100 text-pink-700 border-transparent dark:bg-pink-500/15 dark:text-pink-300 dark:border-pink-500/30',
+  load_memory:
+    'bg-pink-100 text-pink-700 border-transparent dark:bg-pink-500/15 dark:text-pink-300 dark:border-pink-500/30',
+  bg_task_run:
+    'bg-cyan-100 text-cyan-700 border-transparent dark:bg-cyan-500/15 dark:text-cyan-300 dark:border-cyan-500/30',
+  bg_task_check:
+    'bg-cyan-100 text-cyan-700 border-transparent dark:bg-cyan-500/15 dark:text-cyan-300 dark:border-cyan-500/30',
+  spawn_teammate:
+    'bg-fuchsia-100 text-fuchsia-700 border-transparent dark:bg-fuchsia-500/15 dark:text-fuchsia-300 dark:border-fuchsia-500/30',
+  send_teammate_message:
+    'bg-fuchsia-100 text-fuchsia-700 border-transparent dark:bg-fuchsia-500/15 dark:text-fuchsia-300 dark:border-fuchsia-500/30',
+  team_broadcast:
+    'bg-fuchsia-100 text-fuchsia-700 border-transparent dark:bg-fuchsia-500/15 dark:text-fuchsia-300 dark:border-fuchsia-500/30',
+  check_team_inbox:
+    'bg-fuchsia-100 text-fuchsia-700 border-transparent dark:bg-fuchsia-500/15 dark:text-fuchsia-300 dark:border-fuchsia-500/30',
 };
 
 export function AgentMetricsPanel({ showAlert }: AgentMetricsPanelProps) {
   const [metrics, setMetrics] = useState<AgentMetricsResponse | null>(null);
   const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false);
+  const [hideInternal, setHideInternal] = useState(false);
 
   const fetchMetrics = async () => {
     setLoading(true);
@@ -130,29 +162,38 @@ export function AgentMetricsPanel({ showAlert }: AgentMetricsPanelProps) {
     };
   }, [showAlert]);
 
-  // 提取工具调用排行（取前10）
+  // 提取工具调用排行（取前15）
   const toolBreakdown = metrics?.tool_call_breakdown
     ? Object.entries(metrics.tool_call_breakdown)
+        .filter(([name]) => !hideInternal || !getToolMeta(name)?.is_internal)
         .sort(([, a], [, b]) => b - a)
         .slice(0, 15)
     : [];
 
   const maxToolCalls = toolBreakdown.length > 0 ? toolBreakdown[0][1] : 1;
 
+  const filteredBreakdown = metrics?.tool_call_breakdown
+    ? Object.fromEntries(
+        Object.entries(metrics.tool_call_breakdown).filter(
+          ([name]) => !hideInternal || !getToolMeta(name)?.is_internal
+        )
+      )
+    : {};
+
   return (
     <div className="space-y-5">
       {/* 头部 */}
       <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
         <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
           <BarChart3 className="w-4 h-4 text-blueprint" />
-          <h3 className="text-xs font-extrabold text-slate-800 tracking-wide">
+          <h3 className="text-xs font-extrabold text-content tracking-wide">
             智能体运行指标
           </h3>
         </div>
         <button
           onClick={fetchMetrics}
           disabled={loading}
-          className="p-1.5 rounded-md bg-slate-100 hover:bg-slate-200 text-slate-500 hover:text-slate-700 transition-colors cursor-pointer disabled:opacity-50"
+          className="p-1.5 rounded-md bg-sunken hover:bg-border-subtle text-secondary hover:text-secondary transition-colors cursor-pointer disabled:opacity-50"
           title="刷新指标"
         >
           <RefreshCw
@@ -162,7 +203,7 @@ export function AgentMetricsPanel({ showAlert }: AgentMetricsPanelProps) {
       </div>
 
       {loading && !metrics ? (
-        <div className="flex items-center justify-center py-12 text-slate-400 gap-2">
+        <div className="flex items-center justify-center py-12 text-tertiary gap-2">
           <Loader className="w-4 h-4 animate-spin text-blueprint" />
           <span className="text-xs font-bold">加载运行指标中...</span>
         </div>
@@ -198,11 +239,23 @@ export function AgentMetricsPanel({ showAlert }: AgentMetricsPanelProps) {
 
           {/* 工具调用分布 */}
           <div className="space-y-2.5">
-            <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-slate-400 uppercase tracking-wider">
-              工具调用排行
-            </span>
+            <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
+              <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-tertiary uppercase tracking-wider">
+                工具调用排行
+              </span>
+              <button
+                onClick={() => setHideInternal(!hideInternal)}
+                className={`px-2 py-0.5 rounded text-[9px] font-bold border transition-colors cursor-pointer select-none ${
+                  hideInternal
+                    ? 'bg-blueprint/15 border-blueprint text-blueprint'
+                    : 'bg-surface border-subtle text-secondary hover:bg-sunken hover:border-strong'
+                }`}
+              >
+                {hideInternal ? '显示系统工具' : '隐藏系统工具'}
+              </button>
+            </div>
             {toolBreakdown.length === 0 ? (
-              <p className="text-xs text-slate-400 italic py-4 text-center">
+              <p className="text-xs text-tertiary italic py-4 text-center">
                 暂无工具调用记录
               </p>
             ) : (
@@ -211,23 +264,26 @@ export function AgentMetricsPanel({ showAlert }: AgentMetricsPanelProps) {
                   const barWidth = Math.max((count / maxToolCalls) * 100, 2);
                   const colorClass =
                     CATEGORY_COLORS[name] ||
-                    'bg-slate-100 text-slate-700 border-slate-200';
-                  const label = TOOL_LABELS[name] || name;
+                    'bg-sunken text-secondary border-subtle';
+                  const label =
+                    getToolMeta(name)?.display_name ||
+                    TOOL_LABELS[name] ||
+                    name;
                   return (
                     <div key={name} className="flex items-center gap-2.5">
                       <span
-                        className="text-[10px] text-slate-500 w-24 shrink-0 text-right font-medium truncate"
+                        className="text-[10px] text-secondary w-24 shrink-0 text-right font-medium truncate"
                         title={label}
                       >
                         {label}
                       </span>
-                      <div className="flex-1 h-5 bg-slate-100 rounded-full overflow-hidden border border-slate-200">
+                      <div className="flex-1 h-5 bg-sunken rounded-full overflow-hidden ">
                         <div
                           className={`h-full rounded-full transition-all duration-500 ${colorClass.split(' ')[0]}`}
                           style={{ width: `${barWidth}%` }}
                         />
                       </div>
-                      <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-slate-600 w-8 text-right shrink-0">
+                      <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-secondary w-8 text-right shrink-0">
                         {count}
                       </span>
                     </div>
@@ -238,21 +294,21 @@ export function AgentMetricsPanel({ showAlert }: AgentMetricsPanelProps) {
           </div>
 
           {/* 工具分类统计 */}
-          <div className="border-t border-slate-200 pt-3">
-            <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-slate-400 uppercase tracking-wider block mb-2">
+          <div className="border-t border-subtle pt-3">
+            <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-tertiary uppercase tracking-wider block mb-2">
               按功能域分布
             </span>
             <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-1.5">
-              {Object.entries(
-                getCategoryCounts(metrics.tool_call_breakdown)
-              ).map(([category, count]) => (
-                <span
-                  key={category}
-                  className="px-2.5 py-1 rounded-lg text-[10px] font-bold border bg-slate-50 text-slate-600 border-slate-200"
-                >
-                  {category}: {count}
-                </span>
-              ))}
+              {Object.entries(getCategoryCounts(filteredBreakdown)).map(
+                ([category, count]) => (
+                  <span
+                    key={category}
+                    className="px-2.5 py-1 rounded-lg text-[10px] font-bold border bg-sunken text-secondary border-subtle"
+                  >
+                    {category}: {count}
+                  </span>
+                )
+              )}
             </div>
           </div>
         </>
@@ -274,11 +330,14 @@ function MetricCard({
   color: string;
 }) {
   const colorMap: Record<string, string> = {
-    sky: 'border-slate-200 bg-slate-50 text-blueprint',
-    emerald: 'border-emerald-200 bg-emerald-50/40 text-emerald-700',
-    violet: 'border-violet-200 bg-violet-50/40 text-violet-700',
-    rose: 'border-rose-200 bg-rose-50/40 text-rose-700',
-    amber: 'border-amber-200 bg-amber-50/40 text-amber-700',
+    sky: 'border-subtle bg-sunken text-blueprint',
+    emerald:
+      'border-transparent bg-emerald-50/40 text-emerald-700 dark:bg-emerald-500/15 dark:text-emerald-300 dark:border-emerald-500/30',
+    violet:
+      'border-transparent bg-violet-50/40 text-violet-700 dark:bg-violet-500/15 dark:text-violet-300 dark:border-violet-500/30',
+    rose: 'border-transparent bg-rose-50/40 text-rose-700 dark:bg-rose-500/15 dark:text-rose-300 dark:border-rose-500/30',
+    amber:
+      'border-transparent bg-amber-50/40 text-amber-700 dark:bg-amber-500/15 dark:text-amber-300 dark:border-amber-500/30',
   };
 
   return (
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/agent/AgentSessionSidebar.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/agent/AgentSessionSidebar.tsx
index 414f213..d7b7d82 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/agent/AgentSessionSidebar.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/agent/AgentSessionSidebar.tsx
@@ -69,35 +69,35 @@ export function AgentSessionSidebar({
         <button
           type="button"
           onClick={() => onToggleCollapse(true)}
-          className="fixed inset-0 bg-slate-900/30 backdrop-blur-xs z-35 lg:hidden cursor-pointer w-full h-full border-none outline-none"
+          className="fixed inset-0 bg-black/30 backdrop-blur-xs z-35 lg:hidden cursor-pointer w-full h-full border-none outline-none"
           aria-label="关闭侧栏"
         />
       )}
 
       <div
-        className={`bg-slate-50 flex flex-col justify-between shrink-0 select-none transition-all duration-300 ease-in-out fixed inset-y-0 left-0 z-40 w-64 lg:relative lg:translate-x-0 ${
+        className={`bg-surface border-r border-subtle flex flex-col justify-between shrink-0 select-none transition-all duration-300 ease-in-out fixed inset-y-0 left-0 z-40 w-64 lg:relative lg:translate-x-0 ${
           collapsed
             ? '-translate-x-full lg:translate-x-0 lg:w-0 lg:overflow-hidden lg:opacity-0 lg:border-r-0'
-            : 'translate-x-0 border-r border-slate-200'
+            : 'translate-x-0'
         }`}
       >
         <div className="flex flex-col min-h-0 flex-1">
-          <div className="p-4 border-b border-slate-200 bg-white flex items-center justify-between shrink-0">
-            <span className="text-xs font-extrabold text-slate-800 tracking-wider flex items-center gap-1.5">
+          <div className="p-4 bg-surface flex items-center justify-between shrink-0">
+            <span className="text-xs font-extrabold text-content tracking-wider flex items-center gap-1.5">
               <Clock className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-blueprint" />
               <span>会话历史</span>
             </span>
             <div className="flex items-center gap-1 shrink-0">
               <button
                 onClick={handleCreateNewSession}
-                className="p-1 rounded-md border border-slate-200 bg-white hover:bg-slate-50 text-slate-650 hover:text-slate-800 transition-all cursor-pointer shadow-2xs"
+                className="p-1 rounded-md bg-surface hover:bg-sunken text-secondary hover:text-content transition-all cursor-pointer"
                 title="新建会话"
               >
                 <Plus className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
               </button>
               <button
                 onClick={() => onToggleCollapse(true)}
-                className="p-1 rounded-md border border-slate-200 bg-white hover:bg-slate-50 text-slate-555 hover:text-slate-700 transition-all cursor-pointer"
+                className="p-1 rounded-md bg-surface hover:bg-sunken text-secondary hover:text-secondary transition-all cursor-pointer"
                 title="收起侧栏"
               >
                 <PanelLeftClose className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
@@ -106,34 +106,34 @@ export function AgentSessionSidebar({
           </div>
 
           {/* 搜索框区域 */}
-          <div className="px-3 py-2 border-b border-slate-200/60 bg-white flex flex-col gap-1.5 shrink-0">
+          <div className="px-3 py-2 bg-surface border-b border-subtle flex flex-col gap-1.5 shrink-0">
             <div className="relative">
               <input
                 type="text"
                 value={searchQuery}
                 onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
                 placeholder="搜索历史会话或消息内容..."
-                className="w-full pl-8 pr-7 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-slate-50 border border-slate-200 text-slate-800 placeholder-slate-400 focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-white transition-all text-[11px] font-medium"
+                className="w-full pl-8 pr-7 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-sunken border border-default text-content placeholder-tertiary focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-surface transition-all text-[11px] font-medium"
               />
-              <div className="absolute left-2.5 top-2.5 text-slate-400">
-                <Search className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-slate-400" />
+              <div className="absolute left-2.5 top-2.5 text-tertiary">
+                <Search className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-tertiary" />
               </div>
               {searchQuery && (
                 <button
                   onClick={() => setSearchQuery('')}
-                  className="absolute right-2 top-2 p-0.5 rounded-full hover:bg-slate-200 text-slate-400 hover:text-slate-600 transition-colors cursor-pointer"
+                  className="absolute right-2 top-2 p-0.5 rounded-full hover:bg-border-subtle text-tertiary hover:text-secondary transition-colors cursor-pointer"
                 >
                   <X className="w-3 h-3" />
                 </button>
               )}
             </div>
             {currentSessionId && (
-              <label className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[10px] text-slate-500 cursor-pointer font-medium select-none ml-0.5">
+              <label className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[10px] text-secondary cursor-pointer font-medium select-none ml-0.5">
                 <input
                   type="checkbox"
                   checked={searchScopeOnlyCurrent}
                   onChange={(e) => setSearchScopeOnlyCurrent(e.target.checked)}
-                  className="rounded text-blueprint border-slate-300 focus:ring-blueprint w-3 h-3 cursor-pointer"
+                  className="rounded text-blueprint border-subtle focus:ring-blueprint w-3 h-3 cursor-pointer"
                 />
                 <span>仅搜索当前会话</span>
               </label>
@@ -143,12 +143,12 @@ export function AgentSessionSidebar({
           <div className="flex-1 overflow-y-auto p-2.5 space-y-1.5 scrollbar-thin">
             {searchQuery.trim() ? (
               loadingSearch ? (
-                <div className="flex items-center justify-center p-8 text-slate-400 text-xs gap-2">
+                <div className="flex items-center justify-center p-8 text-tertiary text-xs gap-2">
                   <Loader className="w-3.5 h-3.5 animate-spin text-blueprint" />
                   <span>检索历史记录中...</span>
                 </div>
               ) : searchResults.length === 0 ? (
-                <div className="text-center py-12 text-slate-400 text-[11px] italic">
+                <div className="text-center py-12 text-tertiary text-[11px] italic">
                   未找到匹配的历史记录
                 </div>
               ) : (
@@ -165,15 +165,15 @@ export function AgentSessionSidebar({
                       onClick={() => handleSelectSession(result.session_id)}
                       className={`w-full text-left p-2.5 rounded-md border transition-all duration-200 flex flex-col gap-1 cursor-pointer ${
                         isActive
-                          ? 'bg-blueprint/5 border-blueprint text-blueprint font-bold shadow-2xs'
-                          : 'border-transparent bg-white hover:bg-slate-100 text-slate-650 shadow-3xs'
+                          ? 'bg-blueprint/5 border-blueprint text-blueprint font-bold'
+                          : 'border-transparent bg-surface hover:bg-sunken text-secondary'
                       }`}
                     >
                       <div className="flex items-center justify-between w-full">
-                        <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-slate-400 flex items-center gap-1">
+                        <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-tertiary flex items-center gap-1">
                           {isMessage ? (
                             <>
-                              <MessageSquare className="w-3 h-3 text-slate-400" />
+                              <MessageSquare className="w-3 h-3 text-tertiary" />
                               <span>{role === 'user' ? '提问' : '解答'}</span>
                             </>
                           ) : (
@@ -184,18 +184,18 @@ export function AgentSessionSidebar({
                           )}
                         </span>
                         {result.created_at && (
-                          <span className="text-[8px] text-slate-400 font-mono">
+                          <span className="text-[8px] text-tertiary font-mono">
                             {result.created_at.split(' ')[0]}
                           </span>
                         )}
                       </div>
 
-                      <span className="text-xs leading-snug line-clamp-1 block text-left font-bold text-slate-800">
+                      <span className="text-xs leading-snug line-clamp-1 block text-left font-bold text-content">
                         {result.title || '无标题会话'}
                       </span>
 
                       <p
-                        className="text-[10px] text-slate-500 font-medium leading-normal block text-left line-clamp-3 bg-slate-50/50 p-1.5 rounded border border-slate-100/50"
+                        className="text-[10px] text-secondary font-medium leading-normal block text-left line-clamp-3 bg-sunken/50 p-1.5 rounded /50"
                         dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{ __html: result.snippet }}
                       />
                     </button>
@@ -204,12 +204,12 @@ export function AgentSessionSidebar({
               )
             ) : // 正常的会话列表渲染
             loadingSessions ? (
-              <div className="flex items-center justify-center p-8 text-slate-400 text-xs gap-2">
+              <div className="flex items-center justify-center p-8 text-tertiary text-xs gap-2">
                 <Loader className="w-3.5 h-3.5 animate-spin text-blueprint" />
                 <span>加载历史会话中...</span>
               </div>
             ) : sessions.length === 0 ? (
-              <div className="text-center py-12 text-slate-400 text-[11px] italic">
+              <div className="text-center py-12 text-tertiary text-[11px] italic">
                 暂无历史会话记录
               </div>
             ) : (
@@ -221,22 +221,22 @@ export function AgentSessionSidebar({
                     onClick={() => handleSelectSession(session.session_id)}
                     className={`w-full text-left p-3 rounded-md border transition-all duration-200 group flex items-start justify-between gap-2 cursor-pointer ${
                       isActive
-                        ? 'bg-blueprint/5 border-blueprint text-blueprint font-bold shadow-2xs'
-                        : 'border-transparent bg-transparent hover:bg-slate-100 text-slate-655'
+                        ? 'bg-blueprint/5 border-blueprint text-blueprint font-bold'
+                        : 'border-transparent bg-transparent hover:bg-sunken text-secondary'
                     }`}
                   >
                     <div className="flex-1 min-w-0 flex flex-col gap-1 text-left">
-                      <span className="text-xs leading-snug line-clamp-2 block text-left">
+                      <span className="text-xs leading-snug truncate block text-left">
                         {session.title || '无标题会话'}
                       </span>
-                      <span className="text-[9px] text-slate-400 font-semibold block text-left">
+                      <span className="text-[9px] text-tertiary font-semibold block text-left">
                         {session.turn_count} 轮交互 •{' '}
                         {session.updated_at.split(' ')[0]}
                       </span>
                     </div>
                     <button
                       onClick={(e) => onDeleteSession(session.session_id, e)}
-                      className="text-slate-400 hover:text-red-655 p-1 rounded-md opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 hover:bg-white border border-transparent hover:border-slate-200 transition-all cursor-pointer shrink-0"
+                      className="text-tertiary hover:text-danger p-1 rounded-md opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 hover:bg-surface border border-transparent hover:border-subtle transition-all cursor-pointer shrink-0"
                       title="删除此会话"
                     >
                       <Trash2 className="w-3 h-3" />
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/agent/AnswerCard.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/agent/AnswerCard.tsx
index 723321f..3f6e80c 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/agent/AnswerCard.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/agent/AnswerCard.tsx
@@ -21,13 +21,13 @@ export function AnswerCard({
         className={`absolute -left-[21px] top-3 w-2.5 h-2.5 rounded-full border-2 border-white ${colorScheme.answer}`}
       />
       <div className="flex flex-col items-start">
-        <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-slate-400 px-1 flex items-center gap-1 mb-1">
+        <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-tertiary px-1 flex items-center gap-1 mb-1">
           <CheckCircle2
-            className={`w-3.5 h-3.5 text-emerald-500 ${isStreaming ? 'animate-pulse' : ''}`}
+            className={`w-3.5 h-3.5 text-success ${isStreaming ? 'animate-pulse' : ''}`}
           />
           <span>结论</span>
         </span>
-        <div className="w-full rounded-2xl px-5 py-4 text-xs leading-relaxed font-semibold shadow-xs border bg-white text-slate-800 border-slate-200 prose prose-sm max-w-none select-text prose-headings:text-slate-900 prose-headings:font-bold prose-strong:text-slate-900 prose-code:text-sky-700 prose-img:rounded-lg">
+        <div className="w-full rounded-2xl px-5 py-4 text-xs leading-relaxed font-semibold border bg-surface text-content border-subtle prose prose-sm max-w-none select-text prose-headings:text-content prose-headings:font-bold prose-strong:text-content prose-code:text-blueprint prose-img:rounded-lg">
           <AgentMarkdown>{content}</AgentMarkdown>
         </div>
       </div>
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/agent/AskUserQuestionCard.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/agent/AskUserQuestionCard.tsx
index 6a7da0d..973636a 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/agent/AskUserQuestionCard.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/agent/AskUserQuestionCard.tsx
@@ -149,17 +149,17 @@ export function AskUserQuestionCard({
         return (
           <div
             key={q.question_id}
-            className="rounded-md border border-slate-200 border-l-4 border-l-blueprint bg-slate-50 p-4 transition-all pointer-events-auto text-xs shadow-sm"
+            className="rounded-md border-l-4 border-l-blueprint bg-sunken p-4 transition-all pointer-events-auto text-xs"
           >
             {/* 标题栏 - 头部与问题放在同一行，可省略独立的问题文本框 */}
-            <div className="mb-2.5 flex items-center justify-between border-b border-slate-200 pb-2 min-w-0">
+            <div className="mb-2.5 flex items-center justify-between border-b border-subtle pb-2 min-w-0">
               <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 min-w-0 flex-1 mr-3">
                 <MessageCircle className="h-3.5 w-3.5 text-blueprint shrink-0" />
-                <span className="px-1.5 py-0.2 rounded bg-slate-200 border border-slate-300 text-[9px] font-bold text-slate-755 shrink-0">
+                <span className="px-1.5 py-0.2 rounded bg-border-subtle text-[9px] font-bold text-content shrink-0">
                   {q.header || '提问'}
                 </span>
                 <span
-                  className="font-extrabold text-slate-800 text-[11px] truncate flex-1"
+                  className="font-extrabold text-content text-[11px] truncate flex-1"
                   title={q.question || ''}
                 >
                   {q.question || ''}
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ export function AskUserQuestionCard({
                 {/* 选项列表 */}
                 {options.length > 0 && (
                   <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                    <span className="text-[9px] font-bold text-slate-400 uppercase tracking-wider block">
+                    <span className="text-[9px] font-bold text-tertiary uppercase tracking-wider block">
                       {multiSelect ? '可多选' : '请选择一项'}
                     </span>
                     <div className="space-y-1.5">
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ export function AskUserQuestionCard({
                             className={`w-full text-left px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md border text-[11px] font-semibold transition-all cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-2 ${
                               selected
                                 ? 'bg-blueprint/5 border-blueprint text-blueprint font-bold'
-                                : 'bg-white border-slate-200/60 text-slate-700 hover:border-slate-300 hover:bg-slate-50'
+                                : 'bg-surface border-subtle text-secondary hover:border-subtle hover:bg-sunken'
                             } disabled:opacity-50`}
                           >
                             {/* 选择指示器 */}
@@ -224,14 +224,14 @@ export function AskUserQuestionCard({
                               selected ? (
                                 <CheckSquare className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-blueprint shrink-0" />
                               ) : (
-                                <Square className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-slate-400 shrink-0" />
+                                <Square className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-tertiary shrink-0" />
                               )
                             ) : (
                               <div
                                 className={`w-3.5 h-3.5 rounded-full border-2 shrink-0 ${
                                   selected
                                     ? 'border-blueprint bg-blueprint'
-                                    : 'border-slate-300'
+                                    : 'border-subtle'
                                 }`}
                               >
                                 {selected && (
@@ -244,12 +244,12 @@ export function AskUserQuestionCard({
 
                             {/* 将 label 与 desc 合并在同一行呈现以压缩高度 */}
                             <div className="min-w-0 flex-1 flex items-baseline gap-1.5 truncate">
-                              <span className="font-extrabold text-slate-800 text-[11px] shrink-0 leading-normal">
+                              <span className="font-extrabold text-content text-[11px] shrink-0 leading-normal">
                                 {label}
                               </span>
                               {desc && (
                                 <span
-                                  className="text-[10px] text-slate-500 font-medium truncate leading-normal"
+                                  className="text-[10px] text-secondary font-medium truncate leading-normal"
                                   title={desc}
                                 >
                                   — {desc}
@@ -276,13 +276,13 @@ export function AskUserQuestionCard({
                     disabled={isSubmitting}
                     placeholder="补充说明（可选）..."
                     rows={1}
-                    className="w-full bg-white border border-slate-200/60 rounded-md px-2.5 py-1.5 text-[11px] text-slate-800 placeholder-slate-400 focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:ring-1 focus:ring-blueprint/10 resize-none disabled:opacity-50 min-h-[32px] max-h-24 leading-normal"
+                    className="w-full bg-surface border border-default rounded-md px-2.5 py-1.5 text-[11px] text-content placeholder-tertiary focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:ring-1 focus:ring-blueprint/10 resize-none disabled:opacity-50 min-h-[32px] max-h-24 leading-normal"
                   />
                 </div>
 
                 {/* 错误提示 */}
                 {qError && (
-                  <div className="text-[10px] text-red-700 bg-red-50 border border-red-200 rounded-md px-2.5 py-1.5 font-bold">
+                  <div className="text-[10px] text-danger bg-red-50 border border-red-200 dark:bg-rose-500/10 dark:border-rose-500/30 rounded-md px-2.5 py-1.5 font-bold">
                     {qError}
                   </div>
                 )}
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ export function AskUserQuestionCard({
                   <button
                     onClick={() => handleSubmit(q.question_id)}
                     disabled={isSubmitting}
-                    className="flex-1 flex items-center justify-center gap-1.5 bg-emerald-700 hover:bg-emerald-800 border border-emerald-700 text-white rounded-md py-1.5 text-[11px] font-bold transition-colors cursor-pointer disabled:opacity-50"
+                    className="flex-1 flex items-center justify-center gap-1.5 bg-success hover:opacity-90 border border-success text-white rounded-md py-1.5 text-[11px] font-bold transition-colors cursor-pointer disabled:opacity-50"
                   >
                     {isSubmitting ? (
                       <>
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ export function AskUserQuestionCard({
                   <button
                     onClick={() => dismissQuestion(q.question_id)}
                     disabled={isSubmitting}
-                    className="px-3 bg-slate-100 hover:bg-slate-200 text-slate-700 border border-slate-250 rounded-md text-[11px] font-bold transition-colors cursor-pointer disabled:opacity-50"
+                    className="px-3 bg-sunken hover:bg-border-subtle text-secondary rounded-md text-[11px] font-bold transition-colors cursor-pointer disabled:opacity-50"
                   >
                     忽略
                   </button>
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/agent/AuditLogViewer.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/agent/AuditLogViewer.tsx
index 249b308..473651a 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/agent/AuditLogViewer.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/agent/AuditLogViewer.tsx
@@ -98,14 +98,14 @@ export function AuditLogViewer({ sessionId, onClose }: AuditLogViewerProps) {
       <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
         <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
           <ScrollText className="w-4 h-4 text-blueprint" />
-          <h3 className="text-xs font-extrabold text-slate-800 tracking-wide">
+          <h3 className="text-xs font-extrabold text-content tracking-wide">
             会话审计日志
           </h3>
         </div>
         {onClose && (
           <button
             onClick={onClose}
-            className="text-[10px] font-bold text-slate-400 hover:text-slate-600 transition-colors cursor-pointer"
+            className="text-[10px] font-bold text-tertiary hover:text-secondary transition-colors cursor-pointer"
           >
             关闭
           </button>
@@ -115,44 +115,42 @@ export function AuditLogViewer({ sessionId, onClose }: AuditLogViewerProps) {
       {/* 汇总 */}
       {entries.length > 0 && (
         <div className="grid grid-cols-3 gap-2">
-          <div className="rounded-md bg-emerald-50/40 border border-emerald-200 px-3 py-2 text-center">
-            <div className="text-xs font-extrabold text-emerald-700">
-              {okCount}
-            </div>
-            <div className="text-[9px] font-bold text-emerald-500">成功</div>
+          <div className="rounded-md bg-emerald-50/40 border border-transparent px-3 py-2 text-center">
+            <div className="text-xs font-extrabold text-success">{okCount}</div>
+            <div className="text-[9px] font-bold text-success">成功</div>
           </div>
-          <div className="rounded-md bg-rose-50/40 border border-rose-200 px-3 py-2 text-center">
-            <div className="text-xs font-extrabold text-rose-700">
+          <div className="rounded-md bg-rose-50/40 border border-transparent px-3 py-2 text-center">
+            <div className="text-xs font-extrabold text-danger">
               {failCount}
             </div>
-            <div className="text-[9px] font-bold text-rose-500">失败</div>
+            <div className="text-[9px] font-bold text-danger">失败</div>
           </div>
-          <div className="rounded-md bg-slate-50 border border-slate-200 px-3 py-2 text-center">
-            <div className="text-xs font-extrabold text-slate-700">
+          <div className="rounded-md bg-sunken px-3 py-2 text-center">
+            <div className="text-xs font-extrabold text-secondary">
               {(totalElapsed / 1000).toFixed(1)}s
             </div>
-            <div className="text-[9px] font-bold text-slate-500">总耗时</div>
+            <div className="text-[9px] font-bold text-secondary">总耗时</div>
           </div>
         </div>
       )}
 
       {/* 加载/错误状态 */}
       {loading && (
-        <div className="flex items-center justify-center py-8 text-slate-400 gap-2">
+        <div className="flex items-center justify-center py-8 text-tertiary gap-2">
           <Loader className="w-4 h-4 animate-spin text-blueprint" />
           <span className="text-xs font-bold">加载审计日志中...</span>
         </div>
       )}
       {error && (
-        <div className="flex items-start gap-2 text-slate-800 bg-slate-50 border border-slate-200 border-l-4 border-l-rose-500 rounded-md px-3 py-2 text-xs font-semibold">
-          <AlertTriangle className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-rose-500 shrink-0 mt-0.2" />
+        <div className="flex items-start gap-2 text-content bg-sunken border-l-4 border-l-rose-500 rounded-md px-3 py-2 text-xs font-semibold">
+          <AlertTriangle className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-danger shrink-0 mt-0.2" />
           <div>{error}</div>
         </div>
       )}
 
       {/* 日志表格 */}
       {!loading && entries.length === 0 && !error && (
-        <p className="text-xs text-slate-400 italic py-8 text-center">
+        <p className="text-xs text-tertiary italic py-8 text-center">
           该会话暂无审计日志记录
         </p>
       )}
@@ -161,20 +159,20 @@ export function AuditLogViewer({ sessionId, onClose }: AuditLogViewerProps) {
         <div className="overflow-x-auto">
           <table className="w-full text-[10px]">
             <thead>
-              <tr className="border-b border-slate-200 text-left">
-                <th className="pb-2 pr-2 font-extrabold text-slate-400 uppercase tracking-wider w-10">
+              <tr className="border-b border-subtle text-left">
+                <th className="pb-2 pr-2 font-extrabold text-tertiary uppercase tracking-wider w-10">
                   步骤
                 </th>
-                <th className="pb-2 pr-2 font-extrabold text-slate-400 uppercase tracking-wider">
+                <th className="pb-2 pr-2 font-extrabold text-tertiary uppercase tracking-wider">
                   工具
                 </th>
-                <th className="pb-2 pr-2 font-extrabold text-slate-400 uppercase tracking-wider w-12">
+                <th className="pb-2 pr-2 font-extrabold text-tertiary uppercase tracking-wider w-12">
                   状态
                 </th>
-                <th className="pb-2 pr-2 font-extrabold text-slate-400 uppercase tracking-wider w-16 text-right">
+                <th className="pb-2 pr-2 font-extrabold text-tertiary uppercase tracking-wider w-16 text-right">
                   耗时
                 </th>
-                <th className="pb-2 font-extrabold text-slate-400 uppercase tracking-wider">
+                <th className="pb-2 font-extrabold text-tertiary uppercase tracking-wider">
                   输出预览
                 </th>
               </tr>
@@ -188,39 +186,39 @@ export function AuditLogViewer({ sessionId, onClose }: AuditLogViewerProps) {
                 return (
                   <tr
                     key={entry.id}
-                    className={`border-b border-slate-100 ${
+                    className={`border-b border-subtle ${
                       entry.status === 'FAIL' ? 'bg-rose-50/30' : ''
                     }`}
                   >
-                    <td className="py-2 pr-2 font-mono text-slate-500 align-top">
+                    <td className="py-2 pr-2 font-mono text-secondary align-top">
                       #{entry.step}
                     </td>
-                    <td className="py-2 pr-2 font-semibold text-slate-700 align-top">
+                    <td className="py-2 pr-2 font-semibold text-secondary align-top">
                       {getToolDisplayName(entry.tool_name)}
                       {entry.tool_name && (
-                        <span className="text-[9px] text-slate-400 font-mono block">
+                        <span className="text-[9px] text-tertiary font-mono block">
                           {entry.tool_name}
                         </span>
                       )}
                     </td>
                     <td className="py-2 pr-2 align-top">
                       {entry.status === 'OK' ? (
-                        <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-0.5 px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700 font-bold text-[9px]">
+                        <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-0.5 px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded bg-emerald-100 text-success font-bold text-[9px]">
                           <CheckCircle2 className="w-2.5 h-2.5" />
                           OK
                         </span>
                       ) : entry.status === 'FAIL' ? (
-                        <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-0.5 px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded bg-rose-100 text-rose-700 font-bold text-[9px]">
+                        <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-0.5 px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded bg-rose-100 text-danger font-bold text-[9px]">
                           <XCircle className="w-2.5 h-2.5" />
                           FAIL
                         </span>
                       ) : (
-                        <span className="text-slate-400 text-[9px]">
+                        <span className="text-tertiary text-[9px]">
                           {entry.status}
                         </span>
                       )}
                     </td>
-                    <td className="py-2 pr-2 text-right font-mono text-slate-500 align-top">
+                    <td className="py-2 pr-2 text-right font-mono text-secondary align-top">
                       <span className="flex items-center gap-0.5 justify-end">
                         <Clock className="w-2.5 h-2.5" />
                         {entry.elapsed_ms >= 1000
@@ -233,7 +231,7 @@ export function AuditLogViewer({ sessionId, onClose }: AuditLogViewerProps) {
                         <div>
                           {isExpanded ? (
                             <div className="space-y-1">
-                              <pre className="font-mono text-[9px] text-slate-600 bg-slate-50 border border-slate-200 rounded-md p-2 max-h-32 overflow-y-auto whitespace-pre-wrap leading-relaxed">
+                              <pre className="font-mono text-[9px] text-secondary bg-sunken rounded-md p-2 max-h-32 overflow-y-auto whitespace-pre-wrap leading-relaxed">
                                 {entry.output_preview}
                               </pre>
                               <button
@@ -257,7 +255,7 @@ export function AuditLogViewer({ sessionId, onClose }: AuditLogViewerProps) {
                                   [entry.id]: true,
                                 }))
                               }
-                              className="text-left font-mono text-[9px] text-slate-500 hover:text-blueprint transition-colors cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-0.5 max-w-[200px]"
+                              className="text-left font-mono text-[9px] text-secondary hover:text-blueprint transition-colors cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-0.5 max-w-[200px]"
                             >
                               <ChevronDown className="w-2.5 h-2.5 shrink-0" />
                               <span className="truncate">
@@ -270,7 +268,7 @@ export function AuditLogViewer({ sessionId, onClose }: AuditLogViewerProps) {
                           )}
                         </div>
                       ) : (
-                        <span className="text-slate-400 italic text-[9px]">
+                        <span className="text-tertiary italic text-[9px]">
                           —
                         </span>
                       )}
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/agent/PermissionRequestCard.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/agent/PermissionRequestCard.tsx
index 73466e9..d7ae7a1 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/agent/PermissionRequestCard.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/agent/PermissionRequestCard.tsx
@@ -96,17 +96,17 @@ export function PermissionRequestCard({
         return (
           <div
             key={req.permission_id}
-            className="rounded-md border border-slate-200 border-l-4 border-l-amber-500 bg-slate-50 p-4 transition-all pointer-events-auto text-xs shadow-sm"
+            className="rounded-md border-l-4 border-l-amber-500 bg-sunken p-4 transition-all pointer-events-auto text-xs"
           >
             {/* 标题与控制栏 */}
-            <div className="mb-2.5 flex items-center justify-between border-b border-slate-200 pb-2">
+            <div className="mb-2.5 flex items-center justify-between border-b border-subtle pb-2">
               <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 min-w-0">
                 <Shield className="h-3.5 w-3.5 text-amber-500 shrink-0" />
-                <span className="font-bold text-slate-800 tracking-wide text-[11px] shrink-0">
+                <span className="font-bold text-content tracking-wide text-[11px] shrink-0">
                   敏感操作授权
                 </span>
                 <code
-                  className="rounded bg-slate-200/80 border border-slate-300 px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[9px] font-mono font-bold text-slate-700 truncate"
+                  className="rounded bg-border-subtle px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[9px] font-mono font-bold text-secondary truncate"
                   title={req.tool_name}
                 >
                   {req.tool_name}
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ export function PermissionRequestCard({
                 <button
                   type="button"
                   onClick={() => toggleParams(req.permission_id)}
-                  className="text-[10px] font-bold text-slate-500 hover:text-slate-800 underline underline-offset-2 cursor-pointer select-none"
+                  className="text-[10px] font-bold text-secondary hover:text-content underline underline-offset-2 cursor-pointer select-none"
                 >
                   {showArgs ? '隐藏参数' : '参数详情'}
                 </button>
@@ -125,13 +125,13 @@ export function PermissionRequestCard({
             </div>
 
             {/* 警告消息 */}
-            <p className="mb-3 text-[11px] font-medium text-slate-750 leading-relaxed">
+            <p className="mb-3 text-[11px] font-medium text-secondary leading-relaxed">
               {req.message}
             </p>
 
             {/* 显示工具参数的简化预览 - 按需展开 */}
             {hasArgs && showArgs && (
-              <pre className="mb-3 max-h-24 overflow-auto rounded bg-white border border-slate-200 p-2 text-[9px] font-mono text-slate-600 scrollbar-thin">
+              <pre className="mb-3 max-h-24 overflow-auto rounded bg-surface p-2 text-[9px] font-mono text-secondary scrollbar-thin">
                 {JSON.stringify(req.arguments, null, 2)}
               </pre>
             )}
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ export function PermissionRequestCard({
               <button
                 onClick={() => respond(req.tool_call_id, true, false)}
                 disabled={submitting[req.tool_call_id]}
-                className="flex items-center gap-1 px-3 py-1.5 rounded-md text-[10px] font-bold transition-all cursor-pointer bg-emerald-700 hover:bg-emerald-800 text-white disabled:opacity-50"
+                className="flex items-center gap-1 px-3 py-1.5 rounded-md text-[10px] font-bold transition-all cursor-pointer bg-success hover:opacity-90 text-white disabled:opacity-50"
               >
                 {submitting[req.tool_call_id] ? (
                   <Loader className="h-3 w-3 animate-spin" />
@@ -153,14 +153,14 @@ export function PermissionRequestCard({
               <button
                 onClick={() => respond(req.tool_call_id, true, true)}
                 disabled={submitting[req.tool_call_id]}
-                className="flex items-center gap-1 px-3 py-1.5 rounded-md text-[10px] font-bold transition-all cursor-pointer bg-slate-800 hover:bg-slate-900 text-white disabled:opacity-50"
+                className="flex items-center gap-1 px-3 py-1.5 rounded-md text-[10px] font-bold transition-all cursor-pointer bg-elevated hover:bg-slate-900 text-white disabled:opacity-50"
               >
                 总是允许
               </button>
               <button
                 onClick={() => respond(req.tool_call_id, false, false)}
                 disabled={submitting[req.tool_call_id]}
-                className="flex items-center gap-1 px-3 py-1.5 rounded-md text-[10px] font-bold transition-all cursor-pointer bg-slate-100 border border-slate-250 text-slate-700 hover:bg-slate-200 disabled:opacity-50"
+                className="flex items-center gap-1 px-3 py-1.5 rounded-md text-[10px] font-bold transition-all cursor-pointer bg-sunken border border-default text-secondary hover:bg-border-subtle disabled:opacity-50"
               >
                 <X className="h-3 w-3" />
                 拒绝执行
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/agent/SpecialToolRenderers.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/agent/SpecialToolRenderers.tsx
index 0584d4f..7670ab7 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/agent/SpecialToolRenderers.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/agent/SpecialToolRenderers.tsx
@@ -5,14 +5,13 @@ import {
   GitFork,
   Download,
   Loader2,
-  CheckCircle2,
-  Circle,
   Activity,
   AlertTriangle,
   Cpu,
   Check,
   Table as TableIcon,
   Database,
+  Lock,
 } from 'lucide-react';
 import type { StandardPaper } from '../../types';
 import type { useCitations } from '../../hooks/useCitations';
@@ -55,10 +54,10 @@ export function QueryTargetCard({ metadata }: QueryTargetCardProps) {
   const vizierUrl = `https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-s?${encodeURIComponent(target_name)}`;
 
   return (
-    <div className="bg-sky-50/40 border border-sky-100 rounded-lg p-3.5 space-y-3 text-xs shadow-2xs">
-      <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-sky-100/70 pb-2">
-        <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 font-bold text-sky-900 text-[11px] uppercase tracking-wide">
-          <Orbit className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-sky-600 animate-spin-slow" />
+    <div className="bg-sky-50/40 border border-transparent dark:bg-sky-500/10 dark:border-sky-500/30 rounded-lg p-3.5 space-y-3 text-xs">
+      <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent dark:border-sky-500/30 pb-2">
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 font-bold text-sky-900 dark:text-sky-300 text-[11px] uppercase tracking-wide">
+          <Orbit className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-sky-600 dark:text-sky-300 animate-spin-slow" />
           <span>天体参数查询结果</span>
         </div>
         <div className="flex gap-2">
@@ -66,7 +65,7 @@ export function QueryTargetCard({ metadata }: QueryTargetCardProps) {
             href={simbadUrl}
             target="_blank"
             rel="noopener noreferrer"
-            className="text-[10px] font-bold text-sky-600 hover:text-sky-800 flex items-center gap-0.5 hover:underline"
+            className="text-[10px] font-bold text-sky-600 dark:text-sky-300 hover:opacity-90 flex items-center gap-0.5 hover:underline"
           >
             <span>SIMBAD</span>
             <ExternalLink className="w-2.5 h-2.5" />
@@ -75,7 +74,7 @@ export function QueryTargetCard({ metadata }: QueryTargetCardProps) {
             href={vizierUrl}
             target="_blank"
             rel="noopener noreferrer"
-            className="text-[10px] font-bold text-sky-600 hover:text-sky-800 flex items-center gap-0.5 hover:underline"
+            className="text-[10px] font-bold text-sky-600 dark:text-sky-300 hover:opacity-90 flex items-center gap-0.5 hover:underline"
           >
             <span>VizieR</span>
             <ExternalLink className="w-2.5 h-2.5" />
@@ -83,65 +82,65 @@ export function QueryTargetCard({ metadata }: QueryTargetCardProps) {
         </div>
       </div>
 
-      <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-x-4 gap-y-2 text-slate-700">
+      <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-x-4 gap-y-2 text-secondary">
         <div>
-          <span className="text-[10px] text-slate-400 font-bold block">
+          <span className="text-[10px] text-tertiary font-bold block">
             主要名称
           </span>
-          <span className="font-semibold text-slate-900">
+          <span className="font-semibold text-content">
             {oname || target_name}
           </span>
         </div>
         {otype && (
           <div>
-            <span className="text-[10px] text-slate-400 font-bold block">
+            <span className="text-[10px] text-tertiary font-bold block">
               天体类型
             </span>
-            <span className="font-semibold text-slate-900">{otype}</span>
+            <span className="font-semibold text-content">{otype}</span>
           </div>
         )}
         {ra && (
           <div>
-            <span className="text-[10px] text-slate-400 font-bold block">
+            <span className="text-[10px] text-tertiary font-bold block">
               赤经 (RA)
             </span>
-            <span className="font-mono font-medium text-slate-900">{ra}</span>
+            <span className="font-mono font-medium text-content">{ra}</span>
           </div>
         )}
         {dec && (
           <div>
-            <span className="text-[10px] text-slate-400 font-bold block">
+            <span className="text-[10px] text-tertiary font-bold block">
               赤纬 (Dec)
             </span>
-            <span className="font-mono font-medium text-slate-900">{dec}</span>
+            <span className="font-mono font-medium text-content">{dec}</span>
           </div>
         )}
         {v_magnitude !== undefined && (
           <div>
-            <span className="text-[10px] text-slate-400 font-bold block">
+            <span className="text-[10px] text-tertiary font-bold block">
               V星等
             </span>
-            <span className="font-mono font-semibold text-slate-900">
+            <span className="font-mono font-semibold text-content">
               {v_magnitude.toFixed(3)} mag
             </span>
           </div>
         )}
         {parallax !== undefined && (
           <div>
-            <span className="text-[10px] text-slate-400 font-bold block">
+            <span className="text-[10px] text-tertiary font-bold block">
               视差 (Parallax)
             </span>
-            <span className="font-mono font-medium text-slate-900">
+            <span className="font-mono font-medium text-content">
               {parallax.toFixed(4)} mas
             </span>
           </div>
         )}
         {spectral_type && (
           <div>
-            <span className="text-[10px] text-slate-400 font-bold block">
+            <span className="text-[10px] text-tertiary font-bold block">
               光谱类型
             </span>
-            <span className="font-mono font-bold text-slate-900">
+            <span className="font-mono font-bold text-content">
               {spectral_type}
             </span>
           </div>
@@ -150,9 +149,9 @@ export function QueryTargetCard({ metadata }: QueryTargetCardProps) {
 
       {/* 别名 */}
       {aliases.length > 0 && (
-        <div className="border-t border-sky-100/50 pt-2 text-[10px]">
-          <span className="text-slate-400 font-bold block">常用别名</span>
-          <span className="text-slate-600 leading-normal line-clamp-2">
+        <div className="border-t border-transparent dark:border-sky-500/30 pt-2 text-[10px]">
+          <span className="text-tertiary font-bold block">常用别名</span>
+          <span className="text-secondary leading-normal line-clamp-2">
             {aliases.join(', ')}
           </span>
         </div>
@@ -160,8 +159,8 @@ export function QueryTargetCard({ metadata }: QueryTargetCardProps) {
 
       {/* 多波段测光 */}
       {Object.keys(photometry).length > 0 && (
-        <div className="border-t border-sky-100/50 pt-2">
-          <span className="text-[10px] text-slate-400 font-bold block mb-1">
+        <div className="border-t border-transparent dark:border-sky-500/30 pt-2">
+          <span className="text-[10px] text-tertiary font-bold block mb-1">
             多波段测光数据
           </span>
           <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-1.5">
@@ -170,10 +169,12 @@ export function QueryTargetCard({ metadata }: QueryTargetCardProps) {
               .map(([band, val]) => (
                 <div
                   key={band}
-                  className="bg-white/60 border border-sky-100/50 px-2 py-0.5 rounded flex items-center gap-1 font-mono text-[10px]"
+                  className="bg-white/60 border border-transparent dark:bg-sky-500/10 dark:border-sky-500/30 px-2 py-0.5 rounded flex items-center gap-1 font-mono text-[10px]"
                 >
-                  <span className="font-bold text-sky-850">{band}</span>
-                  <span className="text-slate-700 font-semibold">
+                  <span className="font-bold text-sky-900 dark:text-sky-300">
+                    {band}
+                  </span>
+                  <span className="text-secondary font-semibold">
                     {val.toFixed(3)}
                   </span>
                 </div>
@@ -220,7 +221,7 @@ export function PaperListCard({
 
   if (papers.length === 0) {
     return (
-      <div className="text-[10px] text-slate-400 italic p-2 border border-dashed border-slate-200 rounded-md">
+      <div className="text-[10px] text-tertiary italic p-2 border border-dashed border-subtle rounded-md">
         未检索到匹配的文献结果。
       </div>
     );
@@ -300,7 +301,7 @@ export function PaperListCard({
 
   return (
     <div className="space-y-2 max-w-full select-none">
-      <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[10px] font-bold text-slate-400 uppercase tracking-wider pl-1">
+      <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[10px] font-bold text-tertiary uppercase tracking-wider pl-1">
         <span>检索结果共 {metadata.count} 篇</span>
       </div>
       <div className="space-y-2 max-h-96 overflow-y-auto pr-1 scrollbar-thin">
@@ -318,17 +319,17 @@ export function PaperListCard({
           return (
             <div
               key={paper.bibcode}
-              className="bg-white border border-slate-200/80 rounded-lg p-3 hover:shadow-2xs transition-all flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center sm:justify-between gap-3 text-xs relative"
+              className="bg-surface rounded-lg p-3 hover:transition-all flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center sm:justify-between gap-3 text-xs relative"
             >
               <div className="min-w-0 flex-1 space-y-1">
                 <h4
-                  className="font-extrabold text-slate-800 leading-tight line-clamp-2 select-text"
+                  className="font-extrabold text-content leading-tight line-clamp-2 select-text"
                   title={paper.title}
                 >
                   {paper.title}
                 </h4>
-                <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-x-2 gap-y-1 text-[10px] text-slate-500 font-semibold">
-                  <span className="font-bold text-slate-700">
+                <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-x-2 gap-y-1 text-[10px] text-secondary font-semibold">
+                  <span className="font-bold text-secondary">
                     {paper.first_author} et al.
                   </span>
                   <span>·</span>
@@ -351,7 +352,7 @@ export function PaperListCard({
                     </>
                   )}
                 </div>
-                <div className="text-[9px] font-mono text-slate-400 font-bold select-all truncate">
+                <div className="text-[9px] font-mono text-tertiary font-bold select-all truncate">
                   {paper.bibcode}
                 </div>
               </div>
@@ -362,7 +363,7 @@ export function PaperListCard({
                 {isDownloaded ? (
                   <button
                     onClick={() => triggerRead(paper.bibcode)}
-                    className="flex items-center gap-1 px-2.5 py-1 rounded bg-sky-600 hover:bg-sky-700 text-white font-bold text-[10px] transition-colors cursor-pointer"
+                    className="flex items-center gap-1 px-2.5 py-1 rounded bg-blueprint hover:opacity-90 text-white font-bold text-[10px] transition-colors cursor-pointer"
                     title="立即在对比阅读器中打开"
                   >
                     <BookOpen className="w-3 h-3" />
@@ -371,18 +372,18 @@ export function PaperListCard({
                 ) : isDownloading ? (
                   <button
                     disabled
-                    className="flex items-center gap-1 px-2.5 py-1 rounded bg-slate-100 text-slate-400 border border-slate-200 font-bold text-[10px] cursor-not-allowed"
+                    className="flex items-center gap-1 px-2.5 py-1 rounded bg-sunken text-tertiary font-bold text-[10px] cursor-not-allowed"
                   >
-                    <Loader2 className="w-3 h-3 animate-spin text-slate-400" />
+                    <Loader2 className="w-3 h-3 animate-spin text-tertiary" />
                     <span>下载中</span>
                   </button>
                 ) : (
                   <button
                     onClick={() => triggerDownload(paper.bibcode)}
-                    className="flex items-center gap-1 px-2.5 py-1 rounded bg-white hover:bg-slate-50 text-sky-650 border border-sky-200 hover:border-sky-300 font-bold text-[10px] transition-colors cursor-pointer"
+                    className="flex items-center gap-1 px-2.5 py-1 rounded bg-surface hover:bg-sunken text-blueprint border border-blueprint/20 hover:border-blueprint/40 font-bold text-[10px] transition-colors cursor-pointer"
                     title="下载文献资源到本地"
                   >
-                    <Download className="w-3 h-3 text-sky-600" />
+                    <Download className="w-3 h-3 text-blueprint" />
                     <span>下载</span>
                   </button>
                 )}
@@ -390,7 +391,7 @@ export function PaperListCard({
                 {/* 2. 引用拓扑 */}
                 <button
                   onClick={() => triggerGalaxy(paper)}
-                  className="flex items-center justify-center p-1 rounded bg-white hover:bg-slate-50 text-slate-500 hover:text-sky-600 border border-slate-200 hover:border-slate-350 transition-colors cursor-pointer"
+                  className="flex items-center justify-center p-1 rounded bg-surface hover:bg-sunken text-secondary hover:text-blueprint hover:border-blueprint/40 transition-colors cursor-pointer"
                   title="生成并查看引用星系图"
                 >
                   <GitFork className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
@@ -401,7 +402,7 @@ export function PaperListCard({
                   href={adsUrl}
                   target="_blank"
                   rel="noopener noreferrer"
-                  className="flex items-center justify-center p-1 rounded bg-white hover:bg-slate-50 text-slate-500 hover:text-slate-700 border border-slate-200 hover:border-slate-350 transition-colors"
+                  className="flex items-center justify-center p-1 rounded bg-surface hover:bg-sunken text-secondary hover:text-secondary hover:border-subtle transition-colors"
                   title="访问 NASA ADS 详情页"
                 >
                   <ExternalLink className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
@@ -433,65 +434,100 @@ export function TodoTaskCard({ todos }: TodoTaskCardProps) {
   if (!Array.isArray(todos) || todos.length === 0) return null;
 
   return (
-    <div className="bg-slate-50 border border-slate-200 rounded-lg p-3.5 space-y-3 text-xs shadow-2xs select-none">
-      <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 font-bold text-slate-800 text-[11px] uppercase tracking-wide border-b border-slate-200/70 pb-2">
-        <Activity className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-blueprint animate-pulse" />
-        <span>科研研究任务看板</span>
-      </div>
+    <div className="space-y-0.5 relative pl-1 select-none">
+      {todos.map((todo, idx) => {
+        const isCompleted = todo.status === 'completed';
+        const isInProgress = todo.status === 'in_progress';
 
-      <div className="space-y-2">
-        {todos.map((todo) => {
-          const isCompleted = todo.status === 'completed';
-          const isInProgress = todo.status === 'in_progress';
+        // 智能依赖阻塞检查
+        const isBlocked =
+          todo.blockedBy &&
+          todo.blockedBy.some((depId) => {
+            const dep = todos.find((t) => t.id === depId);
+            return dep && dep.status !== 'completed';
+          });
 
-          // 基于状态选择 Lucide 图标而不用 Emoji
-          let statusIcon = (
-            <Circle className="w-4.5 h-4.5 text-slate-350 shrink-0" />
-          );
-          let statusStyle = 'border-slate-200 bg-white text-slate-700';
+        // 状态元素定义
+        let statusIcon = (
+          <div className="w-4 h-4 rounded-full border border-subtle bg-surface flex items-center justify-center text-[8px] text-tertiary/60 shrink-0 font-mono font-bold">
+            {idx + 1}
+          </div>
+        );
+        let rowClass = 'opacity-70';
+        let titleClass = 'text-secondary font-medium';
+        let badgeClass = 'bg-sunken text-tertiary';
 
-          if (isCompleted) {
-            statusIcon = (
-              <CheckCircle2 className="w-4.5 h-4.5 text-emerald-600 shrink-0" />
-            );
-            statusStyle =
-              'border-emerald-100 bg-emerald-50/20 text-slate-400 line-through';
-          } else if (isInProgress) {
-            statusIcon = (
-              <Loader2 className="w-4.5 h-4.5 text-blueprint shrink-0 animate-spin" />
-            );
-            statusStyle =
-              'border-blueprint bg-blueprint/5 text-slate-900 font-bold border-l-4';
-          }
-
-          return (
-            <div
-              key={todo.id}
-              className={`border rounded-lg p-2.5 flex items-start gap-2.5 transition-all ${statusStyle}`}
-            >
-              {statusIcon}
-              <div className="min-w-0 flex-1 space-y-1">
-                <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2">
-                  <span className="font-mono text-[9px] bg-slate-200 text-slate-600 px-1 rounded font-extrabold leading-normal select-all">
-                    {todo.id}
-                  </span>
-                  {todo.blockedBy && todo.blockedBy.length > 0 && (
-                    <span className="font-mono text-[8px] bg-amber-50 text-amber-700 border border-amber-200 px-1 rounded flex items-center gap-0.5 leading-normal">
-                      <span>依赖:</span>
-                      <span className="font-bold">
-                        {todo.blockedBy.join(', ')}
-                      </span>
-                    </span>
-                  )}
-                </div>
-                <p className="text-[11px] leading-relaxed select-text font-semibold">
-                  {todo.content}
-                </p>
-              </div>
+        if (isCompleted) {
+          statusIcon = (
+            <div className="w-4.5 h-4.5 rounded-full bg-emerald-500 border border-emerald-600 flex items-center justify-center shrink-0 shadow-[0_0_6px_rgba(16,185,129,0.2)]">
+              <Check className="w-2.5 h-2.5 text-white stroke-[3]" />
             </div>
           );
-        })}
-      </div>
+          rowClass = 'hover:bg-emerald-500/[0.02]';
+          titleClass = 'text-tertiary line-through font-medium';
+          badgeClass =
+            'bg-emerald-500/10 text-emerald-600 dark:text-emerald-400';
+        } else if (isInProgress) {
+          statusIcon = (
+            <div className="w-4.5 h-4.5 rounded-full bg-blueprint border border-blueprint flex items-center justify-center shrink-0 shadow-[0_0_8px_rgba(59,130,246,0.4)] animate-pulse">
+              <Loader2 className="w-2.5 h-2.5 text-white animate-spin" />
+            </div>
+          );
+          rowClass =
+            'bg-blueprint/[0.02] dark:bg-blueprint/[0.04] hover:bg-blueprint/[0.04]';
+          titleClass = 'text-content font-extrabold text-[11.5px]';
+          badgeClass = 'bg-blueprint/20 text-blueprint font-bold';
+        } else if (isBlocked) {
+          statusIcon = (
+            <div className="w-4.5 h-4.5 rounded-full bg-amber-500/15 border border-amber-500/30 flex items-center justify-center shrink-0">
+              <Lock className="w-2.5 h-2.5 text-amber-600 dark:text-amber-400" />
+            </div>
+          );
+          rowClass = 'opacity-50 hover:bg-amber-500/[0.01]';
+          titleClass = 'text-secondary/80 font-medium';
+          badgeClass = 'bg-amber-500/10 text-amber-700 dark:text-amber-300';
+        } else {
+          // 普通 pending 状态
+          rowClass = 'hover:bg-sunken/40';
+        }
+
+        return (
+          <div
+            key={todo.id}
+            className={`relative flex items-start gap-3.5 px-2 py-2.5 rounded-lg transition-all duration-150 ${rowClass}`}
+          >
+            {/* 时间线垂直轴线 */}
+            {idx < todos.length - 1 && (
+              <div
+                className={`absolute left-[17px] top-[26px] bottom-[-16px] w-[1.5px] z-0 ${
+                  isCompleted
+                    ? 'bg-emerald-500/40'
+                    : isInProgress
+                      ? 'bg-gradient-to-b from-blueprint to-subtle/50'
+                      : 'border-l border-dashed border-subtle/60'
+                }`}
+              />
+            )}
+
+            {/* 左侧状态点 */}
+            <div className="relative z-10 flex items-center justify-center w-5 h-5 shrink-0">
+              {statusIcon}
+            </div>
+
+            {/* 右侧单行任务信息 */}
+            <div className="min-w-0 flex-1 text-[11px] leading-relaxed select-text font-semibold tracking-wide">
+              <span
+                className={`inline-block mr-2 px-1.5 py-0.2 rounded text-[8px] font-mono tracking-wider font-extrabold uppercase leading-normal align-middle shrink-0 ${badgeClass}`}
+              >
+                {todo.id}
+              </span>
+              <span className={`${titleClass} align-middle`}>
+                {todo.content}
+              </span>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        );
+      })}
     </div>
   );
 }
@@ -518,34 +554,37 @@ export function BgTaskProgressCard({ task }: BgTaskProgressCardProps) {
   let statusText = '执行中';
   let progressColor = 'bg-blueprint animate-infinite-scroll';
   let statusIcon = <Cpu className="w-4 h-4 text-blueprint animate-spin-slow" />;
-  let cardBg = 'bg-sky-50/20 border-sky-100';
+  let cardBg =
+    'bg-sky-50/20 border-transparent dark:bg-sky-500/10 dark:border-sky-500/30';
 
   if (isCompleted) {
     statusText = '已完成';
     progressColor = 'bg-emerald-600';
     statusIcon = <Check className="w-4.5 h-4.5 text-white" />;
-    cardBg = 'bg-emerald-50/10 border-emerald-100';
+    cardBg =
+      'bg-emerald-50/10 border-transparent dark:bg-emerald-500/10 dark:border-emerald-500/30';
   } else if (isFailed) {
     statusText = '执行失败';
     progressColor = 'bg-rose-600';
     statusIcon = <AlertTriangle className="w-4.5 h-4.5 text-rose-600" />;
-    cardBg = 'bg-rose-50/10 border-rose-150';
+    cardBg =
+      'bg-rose-50/10 border-transparent dark:bg-rose-500/10 dark:border-rose-500/30';
   }
 
   return (
     <div
-      className={`border rounded-lg p-3.5 space-y-3.5 text-xs shadow-2xs select-none ${cardBg}`}
+      className={`border rounded-lg p-3.5 space-y-3.5 text-xs select-none ${cardBg}`}
     >
-      <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-slate-200/50 pb-2">
-        <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 font-bold text-slate-800 text-[11px] uppercase tracking-wide">
+      <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-subtle pb-2">
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 font-bold text-content text-[11px] uppercase tracking-wide">
           {isRunning ? (
             <Loader2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-blueprint animate-spin" />
           ) : (
-            <Activity className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-slate-600" />
+            <Activity className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-secondary" />
           )}
           <span>异步后台任务进度</span>
         </div>
-        <span className="font-mono text-[9px] bg-slate-200 text-slate-600 px-1.5 py-0.2 rounded font-extrabold select-all">
+        <span className="font-mono text-[9px] bg-border-subtle text-secondary px-1.5 py-0.2 rounded font-extrabold select-all">
           ID: {task_id}
         </span>
       </div>
@@ -554,23 +593,23 @@ export function BgTaskProgressCard({ task }: BgTaskProgressCardProps) {
         <div
           className={`w-8 h-8 rounded-full flex items-center justify-center border shrink-0 ${
             isRunning
-              ? 'bg-sky-100/60 border-sky-200'
+              ? 'bg-sky-100/60 border-transparent dark:bg-sky-500/15 dark:border-sky-500/30'
               : isCompleted
                 ? 'bg-emerald-600 border-emerald-700'
-                : 'bg-rose-100 border-rose-200'
+                : 'bg-rose-100 border-transparent dark:bg-rose-500/15 dark:border-rose-500/30'
           }`}
         >
           {statusIcon}
         </div>
         <div className="min-w-0 flex-1 space-y-1.5">
-          <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-x-2 gap-y-0.5 text-slate-500 font-semibold text-[10px]">
+          <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-x-2 gap-y-0.5 text-secondary font-semibold text-[10px]">
             <div>
               <span>后台工具：</span>
-              <code className="text-slate-700 font-bold">{tool_name}</code>
+              <code className="text-secondary font-bold">{tool_name}</code>
             </div>
             <div>
               <span>目标文献：</span>
-              <code className="text-slate-700 font-bold truncate block select-all">
+              <code className="text-secondary font-bold truncate block select-all">
                 {bibcode}
               </code>
             </div>
@@ -582,8 +621,8 @@ export function BgTaskProgressCard({ task }: BgTaskProgressCardProps) {
                 isRunning
                   ? 'text-blueprint'
                   : isCompleted
-                    ? 'text-emerald-700'
-                    : 'text-rose-700'
+                    ? 'text-success'
+                    : 'text-danger'
               }`}
             >
               {statusText}
@@ -591,7 +630,7 @@ export function BgTaskProgressCard({ task }: BgTaskProgressCardProps) {
           </div>
 
           {/* 进度条 */}
-          <div className="w-full h-1.5 bg-slate-100 rounded-full overflow-hidden relative">
+          <div className="w-full h-1.5 bg-sunken rounded-full overflow-hidden relative">
             <div
               className={`h-full rounded-full transition-all duration-500 ${progressColor} ${
                 isRunning ? 'w-2/3 animate-pulse' : 'w-full'
@@ -600,7 +639,7 @@ export function BgTaskProgressCard({ task }: BgTaskProgressCardProps) {
           </div>
 
           {isRunning && (
-            <p className="text-[9px] text-slate-400 font-medium leading-relaxed">
+            <p className="text-[9px] text-tertiary font-medium leading-relaxed">
               任务在后台静默运行中，完成后将自动通知您，无需在此页等待。
             </p>
           )}
@@ -655,18 +694,18 @@ export function VizierResultCard({ metadata }: VizierResultCardProps) {
     : 'https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/';
 
   return (
-    <div className="bg-violet-50/40 border border-violet-100 rounded-lg p-3.5 space-y-3 text-xs shadow-2xs">
+    <div className="bg-violet-50/40 border border-transparent dark:bg-violet-500/10 dark:border-violet-500/30 rounded-lg p-3.5 space-y-3 text-xs">
       {/* 标题栏 */}
-      <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-violet-100/70 pb-2">
-        <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 font-bold text-violet-900 text-[11px] uppercase tracking-wide">
-          <TableIcon className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-violet-600" />
+      <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent dark:border-violet-500/30 pb-2">
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 font-bold text-violet-900 dark:text-violet-300 text-[11px] uppercase tracking-wide">
+          <TableIcon className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-violet-600 dark:text-violet-300" />
           <span>VizieR 星表查询结果</span>
         </div>
         <a
           href={cdsUrl}
           target="_blank"
           rel="noopener noreferrer"
-          className="text-[10px] font-bold text-violet-600 hover:text-violet-800 flex items-center gap-0.5 hover:underline"
+          className="text-[10px] font-bold text-violet-600 dark:text-violet-300 hover:opacity-90 flex items-center gap-0.5 hover:underline"
         >
           <span>CDS</span>
           <ExternalLink className="w-2.5 h-2.5" />
@@ -674,19 +713,19 @@ export function VizierResultCard({ metadata }: VizierResultCardProps) {
       </div>
 
       {/* 元信息 */}
-      <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-x-3 gap-y-1 text-[10px] text-slate-600">
+      <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-x-3 gap-y-1 text-[10px] text-secondary">
         {table_name && (
-          <span className="flex items-center gap-1 font-semibold text-violet-700">
+          <span className="flex items-center gap-1 font-semibold text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300">
             <Database className="w-3 h-3" />
             {table_name}
           </span>
         )}
-        <span className="bg-violet-100 text-violet-700 px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded font-medium">
+        <span className="bg-violet-100 text-violet-700 dark:bg-violet-500/15 dark:text-violet-300 px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded font-medium">
           {row_count} 行
         </span>
-        <span className="text-slate-500">{fields.length} 列</span>
+        <span className="text-secondary">{fields.length} 列</span>
         {truncated && (
-          <span className="flex items-center gap-0.5 text-amber-600 font-medium">
+          <span className="flex items-center gap-0.5 text-amber-600 dark:text-amber-300 font-medium">
             <AlertTriangle className="w-3 h-3" />
             已截断
           </span>
@@ -695,16 +734,16 @@ export function VizierResultCard({ metadata }: VizierResultCardProps) {
 
       {/* 表格 */}
       {fields.length === 0 || rows.length === 0 ? (
-        <p className="text-[11px] text-slate-400 italic py-2">(无数据行)</p>
+        <p className="text-[11px] text-tertiary italic py-2">(无数据行)</p>
       ) : (
-        <div className="overflow-x-auto max-h-72 overflow-y-auto border border-slate-200 rounded">
+        <div className="overflow-x-auto max-h-72 overflow-y-auto rounded">
           <table className="w-full text-[10px] border-collapse">
-            <thead className="sticky top-0 bg-slate-100 z-10">
+            <thead className="sticky top-0 bg-sunken z-10">
               <tr>
                 {fields.map((f, i) => (
                   <th
                     key={i}
-                    className="px-2 py-1.5 text-left font-bold text-slate-600 border-b border-slate-200 whitespace-nowrap"
+                    className="px-2 py-1.5 text-left font-bold text-secondary border-b border-subtle whitespace-nowrap"
                     title={
                       f.description || f.unit
                         ? `${f.description || ''} ${f.unit ? `[${f.unit}]` : ''}`.trim()
@@ -713,7 +752,7 @@ export function VizierResultCard({ metadata }: VizierResultCardProps) {
                   >
                     {f.name}
                     {f.unit && (
-                      <span className="text-slate-400 font-normal ml-1">
+                      <span className="text-tertiary font-normal ml-1">
                         [{f.unit}]
                       </span>
                     )}
@@ -725,12 +764,12 @@ export function VizierResultCard({ metadata }: VizierResultCardProps) {
               {displayRows.map((row, ri) => (
                 <tr
                   key={ri}
-                  className={ri % 2 === 0 ? 'bg-white' : 'bg-slate-50/50'}
+                  className={ri % 2 === 0 ? 'bg-surface' : 'bg-sunken/50'}
                 >
                   {fields.map((_, ci) => (
                     <td
                       key={ci}
-                      className="px-2 py-1 text-slate-700 border-b border-slate-100 whitespace-nowrap font-mono"
+                      className="px-2 py-1 text-secondary border-b border-subtle whitespace-nowrap font-mono"
                     >
                       {renderCell(row[ci])}
                     </td>
@@ -744,7 +783,7 @@ export function VizierResultCard({ metadata }: VizierResultCardProps) {
 
       {/* 底部提示 */}
       {hiddenCount > 0 && (
-        <p className="text-[10px] text-slate-400">
+        <p className="text-[10px] text-tertiary">
           已展示前 {MAX_DISPLAY_ROWS} 行，{hiddenCount} 行已折叠
         </p>
       )}
@@ -754,11 +793,11 @@ export function VizierResultCard({ metadata }: VizierResultCardProps) {
 
 // ==========================================
 // 6. 统一观测数据下载结果卡片 (find_observation)
-//    跨 (LAMOST/Gaia/SDSS/DESI) × (Spectrum/LightCurve/Photometry/Image)
-//    支持多 artifact 产物（如 Gaia 光变 G/BP/RP 三波段各一个文件）
+// 跨 (LAMOST/Gaia/SDSS/DESI) × (Spectrum/LightCurve/Photometry/Image)
+// 支持多 artifact 产物（如 Gaia 光变 G/BP/RP 三波段各一个文件）
 //
-//    实现已抽出到共享组件 ObservationResultCard，本函数仅作为 Agent 工具结果
-//    渲染入口（metadata 形状与 ObservationBatchResult 完全一致）。
+// 实现已抽出到共享组件 ObservationResultCard，本函数仅作为 Agent 工具结果
+// 渲染入口（metadata 形状与 ObservationBatchResult 完全一致）。
 // ==========================================
 import { ObservationResultCard } from '../observation/ObservationResultCard';
 import type { ObservationBatchResult } from '../observation/constants';
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/agent/SubAgentContainer.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/agent/SubAgentContainer.tsx
index fe3c626..022293d 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/agent/SubAgentContainer.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/agent/SubAgentContainer.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // dashboard/src/components/agent/SubAgentContainer.tsx
 // 子代理容器：展示子代理的执行过程（可折叠，含嵌套时间线）
-import { Network, CheckCircle2, Loader } from 'lucide-react';
+import { Network, Loader } from 'lucide-react';
 import type { TimelineItem } from './types';
 import { SUBAGENT_COLORS } from './constants';
 import { ThoughtCard } from './ThoughtCard';
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ interface SubAgentContainerProps {
 export function SubAgentContainer({
   status,
   children,
-  summary,
+  summary: _summary,
   isStreaming: parentStreaming,
   isCollapsed,
   onToggle,
@@ -42,84 +42,80 @@ export function SubAgentContainer({
   const toolCount = children.filter((c) => c.type === 'tool_call').length;
 
   return (
-    <div className="relative space-y-2 select-none">
+    <div className="relative space-y-1.5 select-none w-full">
       <div
         className={`absolute -left-[21px] top-3 w-2.5 h-2.5 rounded-full border-2 border-white ${
-          parentStreaming ? 'bg-violet-500' : 'bg-violet-400'
+          parentStreaming ? 'bg-amber-500' : 'bg-amber-400'
         }`}
       />
-      <div className="border border-violet-200 bg-violet-50/30 rounded-md shadow-2xs overflow-hidden">
-        {/* 头部 */}
-        <button
-          onClick={onToggle}
-          className="w-full flex items-center justify-between px-3.5 py-2.5 cursor-pointer hover:bg-violet-50/80 transition-colors"
-        >
-          <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-            <Network
-              className={`w-4 h-4 ${
-                parentStreaming ? 'text-violet-500' : 'text-violet-400'
-              }`}
-            />
-            <span className="text-[10px] font-extrabold text-violet-700 tracking-wider uppercase">
-              {parentStreaming ? '子代理执行中...' : '子代理完成'}
-            </span>
-            {isComplete && (
-              <span className="text-[9px] font-bold text-violet-500 ml-1 flex items-center gap-0.5">
-                <CheckCircle2 className="w-3 h-3" />
-                {stepCount} 步骤 · {toolCount} 工具
-              </span>
-            )}
-            {parentStreaming && (
-              <Loader className="w-3 h-3 text-violet-500 animate-spin" />
-            )}
-          </div>
-          <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-violet-600 hover:text-violet-800 shrink-0">
-            {isCollapsed ? '展开' : '收起'}
+      {/* Capsule Header (w-fit) - 控制台按钮体系 */}
+      <div
+        onClick={onToggle}
+        className={`rounded-full px-3.5 py-1.5 w-fit cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-2 border select-none transition-all duration-200 ${
+          !isCollapsed
+            ? 'bg-amber-500/5 border-amber-500 shadow-sm'
+            : 'bg-surface border-subtle shadow-sm hover:bg-sunken hover:border-strong'
+        }`}
+      >
+        <Network
+          className={`w-3.5 h-3.5 ${
+            parentStreaming ? 'text-amber-500 animate-pulse' : 'text-amber-500'
+          }`}
+        />
+        <span className="text-[10px] font-extrabold text-amber-700 dark:text-amber-300 tracking-wider uppercase">
+          {parentStreaming ? '子代理执行中...' : '子代理完成'}
+        </span>
+        {isComplete && (
+          <span className="text-[8px] text-tertiary font-bold ml-1.5 bg-sunken px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded-full border border-subtle">
+            {stepCount} 步骤 · {toolCount} 工具
           </span>
-        </button>
-
-        {/* 折叠态摘要 */}
-        {isCollapsed && summary && (
-          <div className="px-3.5 pb-3 border-t border-violet-100/50">
-            <p className="text-[11px] text-violet-600 font-medium leading-relaxed line-clamp-2 mt-2">
-              {summary.length > 200 ? summary.slice(0, 200) + '...' : summary}
-            </p>
-          </div>
-        )}
-        {isCollapsed && !summary && parentStreaming && (
-          <div className="px-3.5 pb-3 border-t border-violet-100/50">
-            <p className="text-[11px] text-violet-400 italic font-medium mt-2">
-              子代理正在收集信息...
-            </p>
-          </div>
         )}
+      </div>
 
-        {/* 展开态：嵌套时间线 */}
+      {/* 展开的详情：向右缩进的单独子容器 (CSS Grid 折叠动效) */}
+      <div
+        className={`grid transition-all duration-300 ease-in-out ml-8 relative ${
+          !isCollapsed
+            ? 'grid-rows-[1fr] opacity-100 mt-2'
+            : 'grid-rows-[0fr] opacity-0 pointer-events-none'
+        }`}
+      >
+        {/* L型树形连接线 (L-shaped Connector Line) - 增强对比，向右偏移 */}
         {!isCollapsed && (
-          <div className="border-t border-violet-100/50 px-3.5 py-3">
+          <div className="absolute -left-4 -top-1.5 w-4 h-4.5 border-l border-b border-dashed border-tertiary/60 rounded-bl-md pointer-events-none" />
+        )}
+        <div className="overflow-hidden">
+          <div className="console-panel rounded-lg p-3.5 space-y-3.5 border-l-2 border-l-amber-500/50 shadow-inner">
+            {/* 子代理正在初始化步骤 */}
             {children.length === 0 && parentStreaming && (
-              <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-violet-400 py-2">
-                <Loader className="w-3 h-3 animate-spin" />
-                <span className="text-[10px] font-bold">子代理初始化中...</span>
+              <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-amber-500/70 py-1.5 animate-in fade-in duration-200">
+                <Loader className="w-3.5 h-3.5 animate-spin" />
+                <span className="text-[10px] font-bold">
+                  子代理正在规划执行步骤...
+                </span>
+              </div>
+            )}
+
+            {/* 嵌套时间线渲染 */}
+            {children.length > 0 && (
+              <div className="pl-3.5 border-l border-dashed border-amber-500/20 space-y-3.5 nested-timeline-wrapper">
+                {children.map((child, childIdx) =>
+                  renderNestedTimelineItem(
+                    child,
+                    childIdx,
+                    parentStreaming,
+                    expandedThoughts,
+                    expandedArgs,
+                    expandedResults,
+                    onToggleThought,
+                    onToggleArgs,
+                    onToggleResult
+                  )
+                )}
               </div>
             )}
-            <div className="pl-4 border-l border-violet-100 space-y-3">
-              {children.map((child, childIdx) =>
-                renderNestedTimelineItem(
-                  child,
-                  childIdx,
-                  parentStreaming,
-                  expandedThoughts,
-                  expandedArgs,
-                  expandedResults,
-                  onToggleThought,
-                  onToggleArgs,
-                  onToggleResult
-                )
-              )}
-            </div>
           </div>
-        )}
+        </div>
       </div>
     </div>
   );
@@ -153,12 +149,13 @@ function renderNestedTimelineItem(
       );
     }
     case 'tool_call': {
-      const tcId = item.id;
+      const tcId = item.id || `sub-tc-${item.step}-${idx}`;
       return (
         <ToolCallCard
           key={`tc-${tcId}-${idx}`}
           step={item.step}
           name={item.name}
+          display_name={item.display_name}
           arguments={item.arguments}
           result={item.result}
           isStreaming={isStreaming}
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/agent/ThoughtCard.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/agent/ThoughtCard.tsx
index 8f09b5f..6806aac 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/agent/ThoughtCard.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/agent/ThoughtCard.tsx
@@ -13,63 +13,55 @@ interface ThoughtCardProps {
 }
 
 export function ThoughtCard({
-  step,
   content,
   isStreaming,
   colorScheme,
   isExpanded,
   onToggle,
 }: ThoughtCardProps) {
-  const preview = content.length > 120 ? content.slice(0, 120) + '…' : content;
   const dotColor = isStreaming
     ? colorScheme.thought.active
     : colorScheme.thought.idle;
 
-  // 从 colorScheme 推导包裹色（用于容器背景）
-  const isSub = colorScheme.thought.idle.includes('violet');
-  const bgClass = isSub
-    ? 'bg-violet-50/40 border border-violet-100/50'
-    : 'bg-purple-50/40 border border-purple-100/50';
-  const textClass = isSub ? 'text-violet-600' : 'text-purple-600';
-  const previewClass = isSub ? 'text-violet-400' : 'text-purple-400';
-  const hoverClass = isSub
-    ? 'text-violet-500 hover:text-violet-700'
-    : 'text-purple-500 hover:text-purple-700';
-  const mutedClass = isSub ? 'text-violet-400' : 'text-purple-400';
+  // 统一使用高级学术浅灰色（Stone Gray）风格
+  const bgClass =
+    'bg-stone-100/50 border border-transparent dark:bg-stone-900/30 dark:border-stone-800/30';
+  const textClass = 'text-stone-600 dark:text-stone-300';
+
+  const handleCardClick = (e: React.MouseEvent) => {
+    const target = e.target as HTMLElement;
+    if (
+      target.closest('a') ||
+      target.closest('button') ||
+      target.closest('input') ||
+      target.closest('.thought-content')
+    ) {
+      return;
+    }
+    onToggle();
+  };
 
   return (
-    <div className="relative space-y-2 select-none">
+    <div className="relative space-y-2 select-none w-full">
       <div
         className={`absolute -left-[21px] top-3 w-2.5 h-2.5 rounded-full border-2 border-white ${dotColor}`}
       />
-      <div className={`space-y-1.5 rounded-md p-3 select-text ${bgClass}`}>
-        <button
-          onClick={onToggle}
-          className="w-full flex items-center justify-between text-left cursor-pointer"
-        >
+      <div
+        onClick={handleCardClick}
+        className={`space-y-1.5 rounded-md p-3 select-text cursor-pointer ${bgClass}`}
+      >
+        <div className="w-full flex items-center justify-between text-left">
           <div
             className={`flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[10px] font-extrabold tracking-wider uppercase ${textClass}`}
           >
             <Brain className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
-            <span>分析与推理 (Thought)</span>
-            <span className={`text-[9px] font-mono ${mutedClass}`}>
-              · Step {step}
-            </span>
+            <span>分析与推理</span>
           </div>
-          <span className={`text-[10px] font-bold shrink-0 ${hoverClass}`}>
-            {isExpanded ? '收起' : '展开'}
-          </span>
-        </button>
-        {isExpanded ? (
-          <p className="text-slate-700 font-medium leading-relaxed font-sans whitespace-pre-wrap text-xs">
+        </div>
+        {isExpanded && (
+          <p className="text-secondary font-medium leading-relaxed font-sans whitespace-pre-wrap text-xs thought-content">
             {content}
           </p>
-        ) : (
-          <p
-            className={`text-[11px] italic font-medium leading-relaxed ${previewClass}`}
-          >
-            {preview}
-          </p>
         )}
       </div>
     </div>
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/agent/ToolCallCard.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/agent/ToolCallCard.tsx
index 14393e1..2c02821 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/agent/ToolCallCard.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/agent/ToolCallCard.tsx
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 // dashboard/src/components/agent/ToolCallCard.tsx
 // 工具调用卡片：展示参数和结果，皆可独立折叠
-import { Settings, Eye } from 'lucide-react';
+import { Settings } from 'lucide-react';
 import type { ColorScheme } from './constants';
-import { getToolDisplayName } from './toolDisplayNames';
 import { AgentMarkdown } from './AgentMarkdown';
 import { useAutoScroll } from './useAutoScroll';
 import {
@@ -21,6 +20,7 @@ import type { TabId } from '../layout/Sidebar';
 interface ToolCallCardProps {
   step: number;
   name: string;
+  display_name?: string;
   arguments: Record<string, unknown>;
   result?: {
     output: string;
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ interface ToolCallCardProps {
 }
 
 export function ToolCallCard({
-  step,
   name,
+  display_name,
   arguments: args,
   result,
   isStreaming,
@@ -271,80 +271,148 @@ export function ToolCallCard({
 
   const specialCard = renderSpecialCard();
 
+  const isExpanded = isArgsExpanded || isResultExpanded;
+
+  const handleHeaderClick = () => {
+    if (isExpanded) {
+      if (isArgsExpanded) onToggleArgs();
+      if (isResultExpanded) onToggleResult();
+    } else {
+      if (hasResult) {
+        onToggleResult();
+      } else {
+        onToggleArgs();
+      }
+    }
+  };
+
+  const handleTabClick = (tab: 'args' | 'result') => {
+    if (tab === 'args') {
+      if (!isArgsExpanded) onToggleArgs();
+      if (isResultExpanded) onToggleResult();
+    } else {
+      if (!isResultExpanded) onToggleResult();
+      if (isArgsExpanded) onToggleArgs();
+    }
+  };
+
+  const detailBorderColor = isArgsExpanded
+    ? 'border-l-blueprint/60'
+    : result?.isError
+      ? 'border-l-danger/60'
+      : 'border-l-success/60';
+
   return (
-    <div className="relative space-y-2 select-none w-full">
+    <div className="relative space-y-1.5 select-none w-full">
       <div
         className={`absolute -left-[21px] top-3 w-2.5 h-2.5 rounded-full border-2 border-white ${dotColor}`}
       />
-      <div className="space-y-2 border border-slate-100 bg-white rounded-md p-3 shadow-2xs w-full overflow-hidden">
-        {/* 工具名称 */}
-        <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
-          <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[10px] font-extrabold text-sky-700 tracking-wider uppercase">
-            <Settings
-              className={`w-3.5 h-3.5 ${hasResult ? 'text-slate-500' : 'text-sky-500 animate-spin'}`}
-            />
-            <span>调用工具: {getToolDisplayName(name)}</span>
-            <span className="text-[9px] text-slate-400 font-mono font-medium">
-              · Step {step}
-            </span>
-          </div>
-          <button
-            onClick={onToggleArgs}
-            className="text-[10px] font-bold text-sky-600 hover:text-sky-800 hover:underline cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-0.5"
-          >
-            {isArgsExpanded ? '收起参数' : '展开参数'}
-          </button>
-        </div>
+      {/* Capsule Header (w-fit) - 控制台按钮体系 */}
+      <div
+        onClick={handleHeaderClick}
+        className={`rounded-full px-3.5 py-1.5 w-fit cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-2 border select-none transition-all duration-200 ${
+          isExpanded
+            ? 'bg-blueprint/5 border-blueprint shadow-sm'
+            : 'bg-surface border-subtle shadow-sm hover:bg-sunken hover:border-strong'
+        }`}
+      >
+        <Settings
+          className={`w-3.5 h-3.5 ${hasResult ? 'text-secondary' : 'text-blueprint animate-spin'}`}
+        />
+        <span className="text-[10px] font-extrabold text-blueprint tracking-wider uppercase">
+          调用工具: {display_name || name}
+        </span>
+      </div>
 
-        {/* 参数 */}
-        {isArgsExpanded && (
-          <div className="font-mono text-[10px] bg-slate-50 border border-slate-200 rounded-md p-2 text-slate-650 overflow-x-auto whitespace-pre-wrap max-w-full leading-relaxed select-text">
-            {JSON.stringify(args, null, 2)}
-          </div>
+      {/* 展开的详情：向右缩进的单独子容器 (CSS Grid 折叠动效) */}
+      <div
+        className={`grid transition-all duration-300 ease-in-out ml-8 relative ${
+          isExpanded
+            ? 'grid-rows-[1fr] opacity-100 mt-2'
+            : 'grid-rows-[0fr] opacity-0 pointer-events-none'
+        }`}
+      >
+        {/* L型树形连接线 (L-shaped Connector Line) - 增强对比，向右偏移 */}
+        {isExpanded && (
+          <div className="absolute -left-4 -top-1.5 w-4 h-4.5 border-l border-b border-dashed border-tertiary/60 rounded-bl-md pointer-events-none" />
         )}
-
-        {/* 结果/特殊卡片 */}
-        {specialCard ? (
-          <div className="border-t border-slate-100 pt-2.5 mt-2.5 w-full overflow-hidden">
-            {specialCard}
-          </div>
-        ) : (
-          hasResult && (
-            <div className="space-y-1.5 border-t border-slate-100 pt-2.5 mt-2.5">
-              <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
-                <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[10px] font-extrabold text-emerald-700 tracking-wider uppercase">
-                  <Eye className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
-                  <span>观测与反馈</span>
-                  {result!.isError && (
-                    <span className="px-1.5 py-0.2 rounded bg-rose-50 text-rose-700 border border-rose-100 text-[9px]">
-                      错误返回
-                    </span>
-                  )}
-                </div>
+        <div className="overflow-hidden">
+          <div
+            className={`console-panel rounded-lg p-3.5 space-y-3.5 border-l-2 ${detailBorderColor} shadow-inner`}
+          >
+            {/* 标签栏 (Tabs) - 极简拟物分段控制器 */}
+            <div className="flex bg-sunken border border-subtle rounded-full p-0.5 w-fit gap-0.5 select-none shadow-inner">
+              <button
+                onClick={() => handleTabClick('args')}
+                className={`px-3 py-1 text-[9px] font-bold rounded-full transition-all duration-200 cursor-pointer select-none flex items-center gap-1.5 ${
+                  isArgsExpanded
+                    ? 'bg-surface text-content shadow-sm border border-subtle'
+                    : 'border border-transparent text-secondary hover:text-content'
+                }`}
+              >
+                <span className="w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full bg-blueprint/60" />
+                <span>传入参数</span>
+              </button>
+              {hasResult && (
                 <button
-                  onClick={onToggleResult}
-                  className="text-[10px] font-bold text-sky-600 hover:text-sky-800 hover:underline cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-0.5"
+                  onClick={() => handleTabClick('result')}
+                  className={`px-3 py-1 text-[9px] font-bold rounded-full transition-all duration-200 cursor-pointer select-none flex items-center gap-1.5 ${
+                    isResultExpanded
+                      ? 'bg-surface text-content shadow-sm border border-subtle'
+                      : 'border border-transparent text-secondary hover:text-content'
+                  }`}
                 >
-                  {isResultExpanded ? '收起结果' : '展开结果'}
+                  <span
+                    className={`w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full ${
+                      result!.isError
+                        ? 'bg-danger/80 animate-pulse'
+                        : 'bg-success/60'
+                    }`}
+                  />
+                  <span>返回结果</span>
                 </button>
-              </div>
-              {isResultExpanded ? (
+              )}
+            </div>
+
+            {/* 统一内容区 (虚线分隔，平铺展示，带滚动条占位稳定器) */}
+            <div className="mt-2.5 pt-2.5 border-t border-dashed border-subtle">
+              {/* 传入参数内容 */}
+              {isArgsExpanded && (
                 <div
-                  ref={scrollContainerRef}
-                  onScroll={handleScroll}
-                  className="text-xs bg-slate-50 border border-slate-200 rounded-md p-2.5 text-slate-700 overflow-auto select-text leading-relaxed max-h-[60vh] prose prose-sm max-w-none prose-headings:text-slate-800 prose-code:text-sky-700 prose-pre:bg-slate-100 prose-pre:text-xs prose-img:rounded-lg"
+                  key="args-content"
+                  onClick={(e) => e.stopPropagation()}
+                  className="font-mono text-[9px] bg-sunken border-l-2 border-blueprint/30 rounded-r-md p-2.5 text-secondary overflow-x-auto whitespace-pre-wrap max-w-full leading-relaxed select-text animate-in fade-in duration-200 [scrollbar-gutter:stable]"
                 >
-                  <AgentMarkdown>{result!.output}</AgentMarkdown>
-                  <div ref={chatEndRef} />
+                  {JSON.stringify(args, null, 2)}
                 </div>
-              ) : (
-                <div className="text-[10px] text-slate-400 italic font-medium">
-                  结果已截断 (共 {result!.output.length} 字符)。点击右侧展开。
+              )}
+
+              {/* 返回结果内容 */}
+              {isResultExpanded && (
+                <div
+                  key="result-content"
+                  className="animate-in fade-in duration-200"
+                >
+                  {specialCard ? (
+                    <div className="w-full overflow-hidden special-card-wrap">
+                      {specialCard}
+                    </div>
+                  ) : (
+                    <div
+                      ref={scrollContainerRef}
+                      onScroll={handleScroll}
+                      onClick={(e) => e.stopPropagation()}
+                      className="text-xs text-secondary overflow-auto select-text leading-relaxed max-h-[60vh] prose prose-sm max-w-none prose-headings:text-content prose-code:text-blueprint prose-pre:bg-sunken prose-pre:text-xs prose-img:rounded-lg [scrollbar-gutter:stable]"
+                    >
+                      <AgentMarkdown>{result!.output}</AgentMarkdown>
+                      <div ref={chatEndRef} />
+                    </div>
+                  )}
                 </div>
               )}
             </div>
-          )
-        )}
+          </div>
+        </div>
       </div>
     </div>
   );
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/agent/constants.ts b/dashboard/src/components/agent/constants.ts
index 3782e9e..e8bfe3b 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/agent/constants.ts
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/agent/constants.ts
@@ -40,13 +40,13 @@ export interface ColorScheme {
 }
 
 export const PARENT_COLORS: ColorScheme = {
-  thought: { active: 'bg-slate-400', idle: 'bg-slate-300' },
-  tool_call: { active: 'bg-blueprint', idle: 'bg-slate-300' },
-  answer: 'bg-slate-550',
+  thought: { active: 'bg-secondary', idle: 'bg-tertiary' },
+  tool_call: { active: 'bg-blueprint', idle: 'bg-tertiary' },
+  answer: 'bg-success',
 };
 
 export const SUBAGENT_COLORS: ColorScheme = {
-  thought: { active: 'bg-slate-500', idle: 'bg-slate-400' },
-  tool_call: { active: 'bg-blueprint', idle: 'bg-slate-350' },
-  answer: 'bg-slate-450',
+  thought: { active: 'bg-amber-500', idle: 'bg-amber-400' },
+  tool_call: { active: 'bg-blueprint', idle: 'bg-tertiary' },
+  answer: 'bg-success',
 };
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/agent/index.ts b/dashboard/src/components/agent/index.ts
index 5197402..0127691 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/agent/index.ts
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/agent/index.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 // Agent 渲染共享模块 barrel export
 export { safeSchema, PARENT_COLORS, SUBAGENT_COLORS } from './constants';
 export type { ColorScheme } from './constants';
-export { getToolDisplayName } from './toolDisplayNames';
+export { getToolMeta, setGlobalTools } from './toolDisplayNames';
+export type { AgentToolMeta } from './toolDisplayNames';
 export { AgentMarkdown } from './AgentMarkdown';
 export { ThoughtCard } from './ThoughtCard';
 export { ToolCallCard } from './ToolCallCard';
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/agent/subagentRouting.ts b/dashboard/src/components/agent/subagentRouting.ts
index adb3547..1c68f12 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/agent/subagentRouting.ts
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/agent/subagentRouting.ts
@@ -84,7 +84,9 @@ export function routeToolCall(
   step: number,
   id: string,
   name: string,
-  args: Record<string, unknown>
+  args: Record<string, unknown>,
+  is_internal?: boolean,
+  display_name?: string
 ): TimelineItem[] {
   // 创建 subagent_container
   if (isSubagentContainerCall(name)) {
@@ -120,17 +122,35 @@ export function routeToolCall(
             step,
             id,
             name: cleanName,
+            display_name,
             arguments: args,
+            is_internal,
           },
         ];
       });
     }
     // 无活跃容器 → fallback
-    return upsertParentToolCall(timeline, step, id, cleanName, args);
+    return upsertParentToolCall(
+      timeline,
+      step,
+      id,
+      cleanName,
+      args,
+      is_internal,
+      display_name
+    );
   }
 
   // 父代理工具调用
-  return upsertParentToolCall(timeline, step, id, name, args);
+  return upsertParentToolCall(
+    timeline,
+    step,
+    id,
+    name,
+    args,
+    is_internal,
+    display_name
+  );
 }
 
 // 路由 tool_result 事件
@@ -140,7 +160,9 @@ export function routeToolResult(
   name: string,
   output: string,
   isError: boolean,
-  metadata?: Record<string, unknown>
+  metadata?: Record<string, unknown>,
+  is_internal?: boolean,
+  display_name?: string
 ): TimelineItem[] {
   // 匹配 subagent_container id → 完成容器
   const saCompleteIdx = timeline.findIndex(
@@ -167,7 +189,12 @@ export function routeToolResult(
       return updateContainerChild(timeline, saIdx, (children) =>
         children.map((c) => {
           if (c.type === 'tool_call' && c.id === toolCallId && !c.result) {
-            return { ...c, result: { output, isError, metadata } };
+            return {
+              ...c,
+              is_internal: is_internal ?? c.is_internal,
+              display_name: display_name ?? c.display_name,
+              result: { output, isError, metadata },
+            };
           }
           return c;
         })
@@ -178,7 +205,12 @@ export function routeToolResult(
   // 父代理工具结果
   return timeline.map((t) => {
     if (t.type === 'tool_call' && t.id === toolCallId) {
-      return { ...t, result: { output, isError, metadata } };
+      return {
+        ...t,
+        is_internal: is_internal ?? t.is_internal,
+        display_name: display_name ?? t.display_name,
+        result: { output, isError, metadata },
+      };
     }
     return t;
   });
@@ -231,7 +263,9 @@ function upsertParentToolCall(
   step: number,
   id: string,
   name: string,
-  args: Record<string, unknown>
+  args: Record<string, unknown>,
+  is_internal?: boolean,
+  display_name?: string
 ): TimelineItem[] {
   const existing = timeline.find(
     (t) => t.type === 'tool_call' && 'id' in t && t.id === id
@@ -239,7 +273,15 @@ function upsertParentToolCall(
   if (existing) return timeline;
   return [
     ...timeline,
-    { type: 'tool_call' as const, step, id, name, arguments: args },
+    {
+      type: 'tool_call' as const,
+      step,
+      id,
+      name,
+      display_name,
+      arguments: args,
+      is_internal,
+    },
   ];
 }
 
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/agent/toolDisplayNames.ts b/dashboard/src/components/agent/toolDisplayNames.ts
index 7ad067f..31dca07 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/agent/toolDisplayNames.ts
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/agent/toolDisplayNames.ts
@@ -1,87 +1,37 @@
 // dashboard/src/components/agent/toolDisplayNames.ts
-// 工具名称 → 人类可读中文名称（所有面板共用）
+// 共享工具元数据客户端缓存
 
-export function getToolDisplayName(name: string): string {
-  switch (name) {
-    // 文件系统工具
-    case 'read_file':
-      return '读取文件内容';
-    case 'grep_files':
-      return '正则搜索文件';
-    case 'glob_files':
-      return '通配符匹配文件';
-    case 'run_bash':
-      return '执行 Shell 命令';
-    case 'file_write':
-      return '写入文件';
-    case 'file_edit':
-      return '精确编辑文件';
-    // 天文科研工具
-    case 'search_papers':
-      return '检索 ADS/arXiv 文献';
-    case 'get_paper_metadata':
-      return '获取文献详细元数据';
-    case 'download_paper':
-      return '下载文献全文资源';
-    case 'parse_paper':
-      return '结构化解析文献内容';
-    case 'get_paper_content':
-      return '获取文献全文内容';
-    case 'rag_search':
-      return '检索馆藏知识库';
-    case 'query_target':
-      return '查询天体物理参数 (CDS)';
-    case 'query_vizier':
-      return '查询 VizieR 星表';
-    case 'cone_search':
-      return '锥形检索天体';
-    case 'find_observation':
-      return '下载观测数据';
-    case 'catalog_operation':
-      return '星表操作';
-    case 'save_note':
-      return '保存文献手札';
-    // Agent 控制工具
-    case 'todo_write':
-      return '管理任务列表';
-    case 'compress_context':
-      return '压缩上下文窗口';
-    case 'load_skill':
-      return '加载专家技能';
-    case 'subagent':
-      return '派发子代理';
-    case 'delegate_research':
-      return '派发子代理';
-    case 'ask_user':
-      return '向用户提问';
-    // 记忆系统
-    case 'save_memory':
-      return '保存项目记忆';
-    case 'load_memory':
-      return '读取项目记忆';
-    // 图片分析
-    case 'analyze_image':
-      return '分析图像内容';
-    // 后台任务
-    case 'bg_task_run':
-      return '启动后台任务';
-    case 'bg_task_check':
-      return '检查后台任务状态';
-    // 团队协作
-    case 'spawn_teammate':
-      return '创建团队成员';
-    case 'send_teammate_message':
-      return '发送团队成员消息';
-    case 'team_broadcast':
-      return '团队广播消息';
-    case 'check_team_inbox':
-      return '检查团队收件箱';
-    default: {
-      // 子代理工具名带 [sub] 前缀
-      if (name.startsWith('[sub] ')) {
-        return `子代理: ${getToolDisplayName(name.slice(6))}`;
-      }
-      return name;
-    }
-  }
+export interface AgentToolMeta {
+  name: string;
+  display_name: string;
+  is_internal: boolean;
+}
+
+let globalToolsCache: Record<string, AgentToolMeta> = {};
+
+export function setGlobalTools(tools: AgentToolMeta[]) {
+  const map: Record<string, AgentToolMeta> = {};
+  for (const t of tools) {
+    map[t.name] = t;
+  }
+  globalToolsCache = map;
+}
+
+export function getToolMeta(name: string): AgentToolMeta | undefined {
+  if (name.startsWith('[sub] ')) {
+    const inner = getToolMeta(name.slice(6));
+    if (inner) {
+      return {
+        name,
+        display_name: `子代理: ${inner.display_name}`,
+        is_internal: inner.is_internal,
+      };
+    }
+    return {
+      name,
+      display_name: name,
+      is_internal: false,
+    };
+  }
+  return globalToolsCache[name];
 }
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/agent/types.ts b/dashboard/src/components/agent/types.ts
index f6e7d61..f765e5e 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/agent/types.ts
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/agent/types.ts
@@ -9,7 +9,9 @@ export type TimelineItem =
       step: number;
       id: string;
       name: string;
+      display_name?: string;
       arguments: Record<string, unknown>;
+      is_internal?: boolean;
       result?: {
         output: string;
         isError: boolean;
@@ -33,7 +35,9 @@ export interface SSEEventHandlers {
     step: number,
     id: string,
     name: string,
-    args: Record<string, unknown>
+    args: Record<string, unknown>,
+    is_internal?: boolean,
+    display_name?: string
   ) => void;
   onToolResult?: (
     step: number,
@@ -41,7 +45,9 @@ export interface SSEEventHandlers {
     name: string,
     output: string,
     isError: boolean,
-    metadata?: Record<string, unknown>
+    metadata?: Record<string, unknown>,
+    is_internal?: boolean,
+    display_name?: string
   ) => void;
   onTextDelta?: (content: string, toolCallId?: string) => void;
   onUsage?: (usage: {
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/agent/useAgentSSE.ts b/dashboard/src/components/agent/useAgentSSE.ts
index 687e8d3..58d4150 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/agent/useAgentSSE.ts
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/agent/useAgentSSE.ts
@@ -100,7 +100,9 @@ export function useAgentSSE(): UseAgentSSEReturn {
                     event.step,
                     event.id,
                     event.name,
-                    event.arguments
+                    event.arguments,
+                    event.is_internal,
+                    event.display_name
                   );
                   break;
                 case 'tool_result':
@@ -110,7 +112,9 @@ export function useAgentSSE(): UseAgentSSEReturn {
                     event.name,
                     event.output,
                     event.is_error,
-                    event.metadata
+                    event.metadata,
+                    event.is_internal,
+                    event.display_name
                   );
                   break;
                 case 'text_delta':
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/dialogs/BaseModal.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/dialogs/BaseModal.tsx
index a1587f1..8c460d1 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/dialogs/BaseModal.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/dialogs/BaseModal.tsx
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ export function BaseModal({
   return (
     <div
       onClick={onClose}
-      className="fixed inset-0 flex items-center justify-center bg-slate-900/40 backdrop-blur-xs transition-all animate-fade-in cursor-pointer"
+      className="fixed inset-0 flex items-center justify-center bg-black/40 dark:bg-black/60 backdrop-blur-xs transition-all animate-fade-in cursor-pointer"
       style={{ zIndex }}
     >
       <div
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ export function BaseModal({
         className={`bg-card rounded-lg border border-precision shadow-sm w-full p-6 space-y-4 cursor-default animate-fade-in mx-4 ${sizeClasses[size]}`}
       >
         {/* 头部栏 */}
-        <div className="flex items-start justify-between border-b border-slate-150 pb-2.5 shrink-0">
+        <div className="flex items-start justify-between border-b border-subtle pb-2.5 shrink-0">
           <div className="min-w-0 flex-1">
             {typeof title === 'string' ? (
               <h3 className="text-xs font-bold text-main flex items-center gap-1.5 pr-4">
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ export function BaseModal({
           </div>
           <button
             onClick={onClose}
-            className="text-slate-400 hover:text-slate-600 p-1 rounded-md hover:bg-slate-100 transition-colors shrink-0 cursor-pointer"
+            className="text-tertiary hover:text-secondary p-1 rounded-md hover:bg-sunken transition-colors shrink-0 cursor-pointer"
             title="关闭"
           >
             <svg
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/dialogs/PaperDetailModal.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/dialogs/PaperDetailModal.tsx
index c6d2843..b0e28f5 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/dialogs/PaperDetailModal.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/dialogs/PaperDetailModal.tsx
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ export function PaperDetailModal({
         </div>
 
         {/* 期刊 & 年份 */}
-        <div className="grid grid-cols-5 gap-4 border-y border-slate-150 py-2.5 shrink-0 h-14">
+        <div className="grid grid-cols-5 gap-4 border-y border-subtle py-2.5 shrink-0 h-14">
           <div className="space-y-0.5 flex flex-col justify-center min-w-0 col-span-4">
             <span className="text-muted font-bold block text-[10px] leading-tight">
               发表期刊
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ export function PaperDetailModal({
         {/* 摘要 */}
         <div className="space-y-1.5 flex flex-col h-40 shrink-0">
           <span className="text-muted font-bold block">摘要</span>
-          <p className="text-main leading-relaxed font-normal bg-slate-50 p-3 flex-1 rounded-md border border-precision text-justify overflow-y-auto scrollbar-thin select-text">
+          <p className="text-main leading-relaxed font-normal bg-sunken p-3 flex-1 rounded-md border border-precision text-justify overflow-y-auto scrollbar-thin select-text">
             {paper.abstract_text || '该文献暂无摘要数据。'}
           </p>
         </div>
@@ -109,22 +109,22 @@ export function PaperDetailModal({
               {paper.keywords.map((kw) => (
                 <span
                   key={kw}
-                  className="px-2 py-0.5 rounded bg-slate-100 border border-precision text-muted font-bold text-[9px]"
+                  className="px-2 py-0.5 rounded bg-sunken border border-precision text-muted font-bold text-[9px]"
                 >
                   {kw}
                 </span>
               ))}
             </div>
           ) : (
-            <div className="flex items-center justify-center flex-1 bg-slate-50 border border-precision rounded-md text-[10px] text-muted font-bold select-none">
+            <div className="flex items-center justify-center flex-1 bg-sunken border border-precision rounded-md text-[10px] text-muted font-bold select-none">
               暂无关键词
             </div>
           )}
         </div>
 
         {/* 标识符 */}
-        <div className="border-t border-slate-155 pt-3 grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-3 gap-2 text-[10px] font-mono mt-auto shrink-0">
-          <div className="bg-slate-50 px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md border border-precision">
+        <div className="border-t border-subtle pt-3 grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-3 gap-2 text-[10px] font-mono mt-auto shrink-0">
+          <div className="bg-sunken px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md border border-precision">
             <span className="text-muted font-bold block">BIBCODE</span>
             <span
               className="text-main font-semibold select-all truncate block"
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ export function PaperDetailModal({
               )}
             </span>
           </div>
-          <div className="bg-slate-50 px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md border border-precision">
+          <div className="bg-sunken px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md border border-precision">
             <span className="text-muted font-bold block">DOI</span>
             <span
               className="text-main font-semibold select-all truncate block"
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ export function PaperDetailModal({
               )}
             </span>
           </div>
-          <div className="bg-slate-50 px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md border border-precision">
+          <div className="bg-sunken px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md border border-precision">
             <span className="text-muted font-bold block">ARXIV ID</span>
             <span
               className="text-main font-semibold select-all truncate block"
@@ -202,10 +202,10 @@ export function PaperDetailModal({
         </div>
 
         {/* 手动上传文件（应对防爬阻断） */}
-        <div className="border-t border-slate-150 pt-3 space-y-2">
+        <div className="border-t border-subtle pt-3 space-y-2">
           <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
             <span className="text-muted font-bold block">手动离线上传文献</span>
-            <span className="text-[9px] text-amber-800 font-bold bg-amber-50 px-2 py-0.5 rounded-md border border-amber-200/60">
+            <span className="text-[9px] text-amber-800 dark:text-amber-300 font-bold bg-amber-50 dark:bg-amber-500/10 px-2 py-0.5 rounded-md border border-amber-200/60 dark:border-amber-500/30">
               防爬/人机验证备用
             </span>
           </div>
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ export function PaperDetailModal({
             后在此处上传覆盖。
           </p>
           <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-2">
-            <div className="flex flex-col items-center justify-center border border-dashed border-precision rounded-md p-2 hover:bg-slate-50 transition-colors relative cursor-pointer group min-h-[50px]">
+            <div className="flex flex-col items-center justify-center border border-dashed border-precision rounded-md p-2 hover:bg-sunken transition-colors relative cursor-pointer group min-h-[50px]">
               <input
                 type="file"
                 accept="application/pdf"
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ export function PaperDetailModal({
                 disabled={uploadingBibcode === paper.bibcode}
               />
               {paper.has_pdf && (
-                <span className="absolute top-1 right-1 text-[8px] font-bold text-emerald-800 bg-emerald-50 border border-emerald-200/60 px-1 py-0.2 rounded-md select-none pointer-events-none z-10">
+                <span className="absolute top-1 right-1 text-[8px] font-bold text-emerald-800 dark:text-emerald-300 bg-emerald-50 dark:bg-emerald-500/10 border border-emerald-200/60 dark:border-emerald-500/30 px-1 py-0.2 rounded-md select-none pointer-events-none z-10">
                   已下载
                 </span>
               )}
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ export function PaperDetailModal({
               <span className="text-[8px] text-muted">支持 .pdf 格式</span>
             </div>
 
-            <div className="flex flex-col items-center justify-center border border-dashed border-precision rounded-md p-2 hover:bg-slate-50 transition-colors relative cursor-pointer group min-h-[50px]">
+            <div className="flex flex-col items-center justify-center border border-dashed border-precision rounded-md p-2 hover:bg-sunken transition-colors relative cursor-pointer group min-h-[50px]">
               <input
                 type="file"
                 accept="text/html,.html"
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ export function PaperDetailModal({
                 disabled={uploadingBibcode === paper.bibcode}
               />
               {paper.has_html && (
-                <span className="absolute top-1 right-1 text-[8px] font-bold text-emerald-800 bg-emerald-50 border border-emerald-200/60 px-1 py-0.2 rounded-md select-none pointer-events-none z-10">
+                <span className="absolute top-1 right-1 text-[8px] font-bold text-emerald-800 dark:text-emerald-300 bg-emerald-50 dark:bg-emerald-500/10 border border-emerald-200/60 dark:border-emerald-500/30 px-1 py-0.2 rounded-md select-none pointer-events-none z-10">
                   已下载
                 </span>
               )}
@@ -292,17 +292,17 @@ export function PaperDetailModal({
         {/* 自动下载失败诊断 */}
         {!paper.is_downloaded && (paper.pdf_error || paper.html_error) && (
           <div
-            className={`rounded-md p-3 text-[10px] space-y-1 border border-slate-200 border-l-4 ${
+            className={`rounded-md p-3 text-[10px] space-y-1  border-l-4 ${
               paper.pdf_error === 'no_resource' &&
               paper.html_error === 'no_resource'
-                ? 'bg-slate-50 border-l-amber-500 text-slate-800'
-                : 'bg-slate-50 border-l-rose-500 text-slate-800'
+                ? 'bg-sunken border-l-amber-500 text-content'
+                : 'bg-sunken border-l-rose-500 text-content'
             }`}
           >
             {paper.pdf_error === 'no_resource' &&
             paper.html_error === 'no_resource' ? (
               <div className="leading-relaxed">
-                <div className="font-bold flex items-center gap-1.5 text-slate-900 text-[11px] mb-1">
+                <div className="font-bold flex items-center gap-1.5 text-content text-[11px] mb-1">
                   <span className="w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full bg-amber-500" />
                   已手动标记为【无有效全文资源】
                 </div>
@@ -310,13 +310,13 @@ export function PaperDetailModal({
               </div>
             ) : (
               <>
-                <div className="font-bold flex items-center gap-1.5 text-slate-900 text-[11px]">
+                <div className="font-bold flex items-center gap-1.5 text-content text-[11px]">
                   <span className="w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full bg-rose-600" />
                   自动下载失败诊断信息：
                 </div>
                 {paper.pdf_error && (
                   <div className="leading-relaxed">
-                    <span className="font-semibold text-slate-600">
+                    <span className="font-semibold text-secondary">
                       PDF 错误:{' '}
                     </span>
                     {paper.pdf_error}
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ export function PaperDetailModal({
                 )}
                 {paper.html_error && (
                   <div className="leading-relaxed mt-0.5">
-                    <span className="font-semibold text-slate-600">
+                    <span className="font-semibold text-secondary">
                       HTML 错误:{' '}
                     </span>
                     {paper.html_error}
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ export function PaperDetailModal({
       </div>
 
       {/* 底部操作：整合所有动作（阅读、图谱、下载） */}
-      <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-2 pt-3 border-t border-slate-150">
+      <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-2 pt-3 border-t border-subtle">
         {paper.is_downloaded ? (
           <>
             <button
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/dialogs/UncachedPaperModal.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/dialogs/UncachedPaperModal.tsx
index 6091c28..276822e 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/dialogs/UncachedPaperModal.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/dialogs/UncachedPaperModal.tsx
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ export function UncachedPaperModal({
       <div className="space-y-2">
         <p className="text-xs text-main leading-relaxed">
           文献{' '}
-          <span className="font-mono bg-slate-100 px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded-md text-blueprint font-bold select-all">
+          <span className="font-mono bg-sunken px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded-md text-blueprint font-bold select-all">
             {bibcode}
           </span>{' '}
           尚未收录在本地数据库中。
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/layout/Sidebar.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/layout/Sidebar.tsx
index 36c5631..700bc7e 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/layout/Sidebar.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/layout/Sidebar.tsx
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ import {
 } from 'lucide-react';
 import type { StandardPaper } from '../../types';
 import { Logo } from '../Logo';
+import { ThemeToggle } from './ThemeToggle';
+import { useTheme } from '../../hooks/useTheme';
 
 export type TabId =
   | 'search'
@@ -44,6 +46,7 @@ export function Sidebar({
 }: SidebarProps) {
   const [isCollapsed, setIsCollapsed] = useState(false);
   const effectiveCollapsed = isCollapsed && !isOpen;
+  const { theme, toggleTheme } = useTheme();
 
   return (
     <>
@@ -58,7 +61,7 @@ export function Sidebar({
       )}
 
       <aside
-        className={`bg-slate-50 border-r border-slate-200 flex flex-col justify-between py-6 z-40 select-none transition-all duration-355 cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) fixed inset-y-0 left-0 lg:relative lg:translate-x-0 ${
+        className={`bg-surface flex flex-col justify-between py-6 z-40 select-none transition-all duration-300 fixed inset-y-0 left-0 lg:relative lg:translate-x-0 sidebar-seam ${
           isOpen ? 'translate-x-0' : '-translate-x-full lg:translate-x-0'
         } ${
           isOpen ? 'w-64 px-4' : effectiveCollapsed ? 'w-16 px-2' : 'w-64 px-4'
@@ -73,22 +76,21 @@ export function Sidebar({
                 : 'justify-between px-3'
             }`}
           >
-            {/* Logo & 标题文字 */}
+            {/* Logo按钮 (只在折叠状态下可点击展开) */}
             <div className="flex items-center gap-3 min-w-0">
-              {/* Logo按钮 (只在折叠状态下可点击展开) */}
               <button
                 type="button"
                 disabled={!effectiveCollapsed}
                 onClick={() => setIsCollapsed(false)}
                 className={`flex items-center justify-center shrink-0 rounded-lg transition-all duration-300 ${
                   effectiveCollapsed
-                    ? 'w-11 h-11 bg-white hover:bg-slate-55 border border-slate-200 cursor-pointer shadow-xs hover:shadow-sm'
+                    ? 'w-11 h-11 bg-elevated hover:bg-sunken  cursor-pointer'
                     : 'w-9 h-9 bg-transparent border border-transparent cursor-default'
                 }`}
                 title={effectiveCollapsed ? '展开导航' : undefined}
               >
                 <div
-                  className={`transition-all duration-300 flex items-center justify-center ${effectiveCollapsed ? 'w-8 h-8' : 'w-9 h-9'}`}
+                  className={`transition-all duration-300 flex items-center justify-center text-blueprint ${effectiveCollapsed ? 'w-8 h-8' : 'w-9 h-9'}`}
                 >
                   <Logo gradientId="sidebarStarGrad" />
                 </div>
@@ -102,20 +104,22 @@ export function Sidebar({
                     : 'opacity-100 max-w-[150px] scale-100 translate-x-0'
                 }`}
               >
-                <h1 className="text-sm font-bold text-slate-800 tracking-wider whitespace-nowrap">
+                <h1 className="text-sm font-bold text-content tracking-wider whitespace-nowrap">
                   AstroResearch
                 </h1>
-                <span className="text-[11px] text-slate-500 block font-medium font-sans whitespace-nowrap">
+                <span className="text-[11px] text-secondary block font-medium font-sans whitespace-nowrap">
                   天文学科研辅助系统
                 </span>
               </div>
             </div>
 
-            {/* 折叠控制按钮 (圆润悬浮效果，仅在桌面端显示) */}
+            {/* 折叠控制按钮 (仅在桌面端显示) */}
             <button
               type="button"
               onClick={() => setIsCollapsed(true)}
-              className={`p-1.5 rounded-full bg-slate-100 hover:bg-slate-200 border border-slate-200 text-slate-505 hover:text-slate-800 transition-all duration-300 cursor-pointer shadow-2xs shrink-0 items-center justify-center hover:scale-105 active:scale-95 hidden lg:flex ${
+              aria-label="收起导航菜单"
+              aria-expanded={!effectiveCollapsed}
+              className={`p-1.5 rounded-full bg-sunken hover:bg-border-subtle  text-secondary hover:text-content transition-all duration-300 cursor-pointer shrink-0 items-center justify-center hover:scale-105 active:scale-95 hidden lg:flex ${
                 effectiveCollapsed
                   ? 'opacity-0 scale-75 pointer-events-none w-0 h-0 p-0 border-0 overflow-hidden'
                   : 'opacity-100 scale-100'
@@ -147,6 +151,8 @@ export function Sidebar({
                 <button
                   key={tab.id}
                   title={effectiveCollapsed ? tab.label : undefined}
+                  aria-label={tab.label}
+                  aria-current={isActive ? 'page' : undefined}
                   onClick={() => {
                     setActiveTab(tab.id);
                     if (tab.id === 'citation' && selectedPaper) {
@@ -156,16 +162,16 @@ export function Sidebar({
                   }}
                   className={`w-full flex items-center rounded-lg text-xs font-semibold tracking-wider transition-all duration-300 border ${
                     effectiveCollapsed
-                      ? 'px-2 py-2.5 justify-center'
-                      : 'px-3 py-2.5'
+                      ? 'px-2 py-3 justify-center min-h-[44px]'
+                      : 'px-3 py-3 min-h-[44px]'
                   } ${
                     isActive
-                      ? 'bg-slate-100 border-slate-200 text-slate-850 shadow-xs'
-                      : 'border-transparent text-slate-650 hover:bg-slate-100 hover:text-slate-800'
+                      ? 'bg-sunken border-transparent text-content'
+                      : 'border-transparent text-secondary hover:bg-sunken hover:text-content'
                   }`}
                 >
                   <Icon
-                    className={`w-4 h-4 shrink-0 transition-colors duration-300 ${isActive ? 'text-slate-700' : 'text-slate-500'}`}
+                    className={`w-4 h-4 shrink-0 transition-colors duration-300 ${isActive ? 'text-blueprint' : 'text-secondary group-hover:text-content'}`}
                   />
                   <span
                     className={`truncate transition-all duration-300 origin-left ${
@@ -182,14 +188,20 @@ export function Sidebar({
           </nav>
         </div>
 
-        {/* 底部当前选定文献提示 (平滑动画版本) 与 退出登录 */}
+        {/* 底部：主题切换 + 当前选定文献 + 退出登录 */}
         <div className="space-y-3">
+          <ThemeToggle
+            theme={theme}
+            onToggle={toggleTheme}
+            collapsed={effectiveCollapsed}
+          />
+
           {selectedPaper ? (
             <div
               className={`relative overflow-hidden transition-all duration-300 border rounded-lg ${
                 effectiveCollapsed
                   ? 'p-0 border-transparent bg-transparent flex justify-center'
-                  : 'p-3.5 border-slate-200 bg-slate-100/50'
+                  : 'p-3.5 border-transparent bg-sunken'
               }`}
               title={
                 effectiveCollapsed
@@ -199,7 +211,7 @@ export function Sidebar({
             >
               {/* 折叠下的微型图书图标 */}
               <div
-                className={`transition-all duration-300 flex items-center justify-center rounded-lg border border-slate-200 bg-slate-55 text-slate-650 shrink-0 shadow-xs ${
+                className={`transition-all duration-300 flex items-center justify-center rounded-lg  bg-sunken text-secondary shrink-0 ${
                   effectiveCollapsed
                     ? 'w-9 h-9 opacity-100 scale-100'
                     : 'w-0 h-0 opacity-0 scale-75 overflow-hidden'
@@ -216,13 +228,13 @@ export function Sidebar({
                     : 'opacity-100 max-w-[200px] max-h-40'
                 }`}
               >
-                <span className="text-[9px] font-bold text-slate-500 tracking-widest block mb-1">
+                <span className="text-[9px] font-bold text-tertiary tracking-widest block mb-1">
                   当前选定文献
                 </span>
-                <h4 className="text-xs text-slate-800 font-bold line-clamp-2 mb-2 leading-relaxed">
+                <h4 className="text-xs text-content font-bold line-clamp-2 mb-2 leading-relaxed">
                   {selectedPaper.title}
                 </h4>
-                <div className="flex items-center justify-between text-[10px] font-medium text-slate-500 gap-2">
+                <div className="flex items-center justify-between text-[10px] font-medium text-secondary gap-2">
                   <span className="shrink-0">
                     发表年份: {selectedPaper.year}
                   </span>
@@ -237,13 +249,13 @@ export function Sidebar({
               className={`relative overflow-hidden transition-all duration-300 border rounded-lg ${
                 effectiveCollapsed
                   ? 'p-0 border-transparent bg-transparent flex justify-center'
-                  : 'p-3 border-slate-200 bg-slate-100/30'
+                  : 'p-3 border-transparent bg-sunken'
               }`}
               title={effectiveCollapsed ? '未选定研究目标' : undefined}
             >
               {/* 折叠下的微型馆藏图标 */}
               <div
-                className={`transition-all duration-300 flex items-center justify-center rounded-lg border border-slate-200 bg-slate-100/30 text-slate-400 shrink-0 ${
+                className={`transition-all duration-300 flex items-center justify-center rounded-lg  bg-sunken text-tertiary shrink-0 ${
                   effectiveCollapsed
                     ? 'w-9 h-9 opacity-100 scale-100'
                     : 'w-0 h-0 opacity-0 scale-75 overflow-hidden'
@@ -260,7 +272,7 @@ export function Sidebar({
                     : 'opacity-100 max-w-[200px] max-h-12'
                 }`}
               >
-                <span className="text-[10px] text-slate-400 font-medium tracking-wide">
+                <span className="text-[10px] text-tertiary font-medium tracking-wide">
                   未选定研究目标
                 </span>
               </div>
@@ -271,12 +283,15 @@ export function Sidebar({
           <button
             type="button"
             onClick={onLogout}
-            className={`w-full flex items-center rounded-lg text-xs font-semibold tracking-wider transition-all duration-300 border border-transparent text-slate-500 hover:bg-rose-50/50 hover:text-rose-600 cursor-pointer group ${
-              effectiveCollapsed ? 'px-2 py-2.5 justify-center' : 'px-3 py-2.5'
+            aria-label="退出登录"
+            className={`w-full flex items-center rounded-lg text-xs font-semibold tracking-wider transition-all duration-300 border border-transparent text-secondary hover:bg-rose-50/50 dark:hover:bg-rose-500/10 hover:text-danger cursor-pointer group ${
+              effectiveCollapsed
+                ? 'px-2 py-3 justify-center min-h-[44px]'
+                : 'px-3 py-3 min-h-[44px]'
             }`}
             title={effectiveCollapsed ? '退出登录' : undefined}
           >
-            <LogOut className="w-4 h-4 shrink-0 text-slate-400 group-hover:text-rose-505 transition-colors" />
+            <LogOut className="w-4 h-4 shrink-0 text-tertiary group-hover:text-danger transition-colors" />
             <span
               className={`truncate transition-all duration-300 origin-left ${
                 effectiveCollapsed
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/layout/ThemeToggle.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/layout/ThemeToggle.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0d04a37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/layout/ThemeToggle.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+// dashboard/src/components/layout/ThemeToggle.tsx
+//
+// 浅色/暗色主题切换按钮。适配侧边栏折叠态（仅图标）与展开态。
+import { Sun, Moon } from 'lucide-react';
+import type { Theme } from '../../hooks/useTheme';
+
+interface ThemeToggleProps {
+  theme: Theme;
+  onToggle: () => void;
+  collapsed?: boolean;
+}
+
+export function ThemeToggle({
+  theme,
+  onToggle,
+  collapsed = false,
+}: ThemeToggleProps) {
+  const isDark = theme === 'dark';
+  return (
+    <button
+      type="button"
+      onClick={onToggle}
+      title={isDark ? '切换到浅色模式' : '切换到暗色模式'}
+      aria-label={isDark ? '切换到浅色模式' : '切换到暗色模式'}
+      className={`w-full flex items-center rounded-lg text-xs font-semibold tracking-wider transition-all duration-300 border border-transparent text-secondary hover:bg-sunken hover:text-content cursor-pointer group ${
+        collapsed
+          ? 'px-2 py-3 justify-center min-h-[44px]'
+          : 'px-3 py-3 min-h-[44px]'
+      }`}
+    >
+      {isDark ? (
+        <Sun className="w-4 h-4 shrink-0 text-amber-400 group-hover:text-amber-300 transition-colors" />
+      ) : (
+        <Moon className="w-4 h-4 shrink-0 text-secondary group-hover:text-blueprint transition-colors" />
+      )}
+      <span
+        className={`truncate transition-all duration-300 origin-left ${
+          collapsed
+            ? 'opacity-0 max-w-0 pointer-events-none select-none overflow-hidden scale-90 -translate-x-2'
+            : 'opacity-100 max-w-[150px] scale-100 translate-x-0 ml-3'
+        }`}
+      >
+        {isDark ? '浅色模式' : '深空模式'}
+      </span>
+    </button>
+  );
+}
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/layout/ToastContainer.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/layout/ToastContainer.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f5bb24b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/layout/ToastContainer.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+import { motion, AnimatePresence } from 'framer-motion';
+import { CheckCircle, AlertCircle, Info, X } from 'lucide-react';
+
+export interface ToastItem {
+  id: number;
+  message: string;
+  type: 'success' | 'error' | 'info';
+}
+
+interface ToastContainerProps {
+  toasts: ToastItem[];
+  onClose: (id: number) => void;
+}
+
+export function ToastContainer({ toasts, onClose }: ToastContainerProps) {
+  return (
+    <div className="fixed top-5 right-5 z-[9999] flex flex-col gap-3 max-w-sm w-full pointer-events-none px-4 sm:px-0">
+      <AnimatePresence>
+        {toasts.map((toast) => {
+          const isSuccess = toast.type === 'success';
+          const isError = toast.type === 'error';
+
+          return (
+            <motion.div
+              key={toast.id}
+              initial={{ opacity: 0, y: -20, scale: 0.95 }}
+              animate={{ opacity: 1, y: 0, scale: 1 }}
+              exit={{ opacity: 0, y: -10, scale: 0.95 }}
+              transition={{ duration: 0.2 }}
+              className={`pointer-events-auto flex items-start gap-3 p-3.5 rounded-lg border shadow-lg backdrop-blur-md transition-all ${
+                isSuccess
+                  ? 'bg-emerald-50/90 dark:bg-emerald-950/80 border-emerald-200 dark:border-emerald-500/30 text-emerald-800 dark:text-emerald-200'
+                  : isError
+                    ? 'bg-rose-50/90 dark:bg-rose-950/80 border-rose-200 dark:border-rose-500/30 text-rose-800 dark:text-rose-200'
+                    : 'bg-slate-50/90 dark:bg-slate-900/80 border-slate-200 dark:border-slate-800 text-slate-800 dark:text-slate-200'
+              }`}
+            >
+              {/* Type Icon */}
+              <div className="shrink-0 mt-0.5">
+                {isSuccess && (
+                  <CheckCircle className="w-4 h-4 text-emerald-600 dark:text-emerald-400" />
+                )}
+                {isError && (
+                  <AlertCircle className="w-4 h-4 text-rose-600 dark:text-rose-400" />
+                )}
+                {!isSuccess && !isError && (
+                  <Info className="w-4 h-4 text-blueprint" />
+                )}
+              </div>
+
+              {/* Message */}
+              <p className="text-[11px] font-bold leading-relaxed flex-1 select-text">
+                {toast.message}
+              </p>
+
+              {/* Close Button */}
+              <button
+                type="button"
+                onClick={() => onClose(toast.id)}
+                className="shrink-0 p-0.5 rounded-full hover:bg-black/5 dark:hover:bg-white/5 transition-all text-secondary hover:text-content cursor-pointer"
+                title="关闭通知"
+              >
+                <X className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
+              </button>
+            </motion.div>
+          );
+        })}
+      </AnimatePresence>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/observation/ObservationPreviewRenderer.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/observation/ObservationPreviewRenderer.tsx
index b3202ea..ca44663 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/observation/ObservationPreviewRenderer.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/observation/ObservationPreviewRenderer.tsx
@@ -1,14 +1,15 @@
 // dashboard/src/components/observation/ObservationPreviewRenderer.tsx
 //
 // 预览渲染分发器 —— 按 ObservationPreview.kind 路由到对应绘图组件
-//
-// 扩展新产品类型的可视化时：
-//   1. 实现 XxxPlot 组件（如 LightCurvePlot.tsx）
-//   2. 在此 switch 加 case（从联合类型窄化出对应变体）
-//   3. 在 constants.ts 的 canPreview() 放开该 product
-// 现有 Spectrum 渲染无需改动（OCP：对扩展开放，对修改关闭）。
+// 支持点击右上角“放大”图标，通过 React Portal 全屏打开高清晰灯箱模态框。
+// 针对光谱图，在大图模态框中会以高精尺寸重新渲染，获得更准确的数据滑块精度；
+// 同时解析展示 FITS 头信息（红移、天体分类、有效温度、金属丰度等）。
 
+import { useState, useEffect } from 'react';
+import { createPortal } from 'react-dom';
+import { Maximize2, X, Info } from 'lucide-react';
 import type { ObservationPreview } from './constants';
+import { SOURCE_THEME, PRODUCT_LABEL } from './constants';
 import { SpectrumPlot } from './SpectrumPlot';
 
 interface ObservationPreviewRendererProps {
@@ -18,44 +19,197 @@ interface ObservationPreviewRendererProps {
 export function ObservationPreviewRenderer({
   preview,
 }: ObservationPreviewRendererProps) {
-  switch (preview.kind) {
-    case 'spectrum':
-      // 窄化：preview 此处为 { kind: 'spectrum' } & SpectrumPreview
-      return <SpectrumPlot segments={preview.segments} />;
+  const [isZoomed, setIsZoomed] = useState(false);
 
-    case 'lightcurve':
-      // TODO: 实现 LightCurvePlot 后替换占位
-      return (
-        <div className="text-[10px] text-slate-400 py-4 text-center">
-          光变曲线预览（开发中）
-        </div>
-      );
+  // 监听 Escape 按键以快速关闭模态框
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!isZoomed) return;
+    const handleKeyDown = (e: KeyboardEvent) => {
+      if (e.key === 'Escape') {
+        setIsZoomed(false);
+      }
+    };
+    window.addEventListener('keydown', handleKeyDown);
+    return () => window.removeEventListener('keydown', handleKeyDown);
+  }, [isZoomed]);
 
-    case 'photometry':
-      // TODO: 实现 PhotometryTable 后替换占位
-      return (
-        <div className="text-[10px] text-slate-400 py-4 text-center">
-          测光预览（开发中）
-        </div>
-      );
+  const sourceTheme = SOURCE_THEME[preview.source] ?? {
+    badge: 'bg-border-subtle text-secondary',
+    label: preview.source,
+    dot: 'bg-secondary',
+  };
+  const productLabel = PRODUCT_LABEL[preview.kind] ?? preview.kind;
 
-    case 'image':
-      // image 变体已有 preview_data_url，直接渲染
-      return (
-        <img
-          src={preview.preview_data_url}
-          alt="cutout"
-          className="w-full rounded border border-slate-200"
-          style={{ maxHeight: 200, objectFit: 'contain' }}
-        />
-      );
+  return (
+    <>
+      <div className="relative group w-full overflow-hidden rounded border border-default/40 bg-sunken/30 select-none">
+        {/* 常规缩略预览 */}
+        {preview.kind === 'spectrum' && (
+          <SpectrumPlot segments={preview.segments} height={180} />
+        )}
 
-    default:
-      // 穷尽性检查：未来新增 kind 会在编译期报错
-      return (
-        <div className="text-[10px] text-slate-400 py-4 text-center">
-          未知预览类型
-        </div>
-      );
-  }
+        {preview.kind === 'lightcurve' && (
+          <div className="text-[10px] text-tertiary py-4 text-center">
+            光变曲线预览（开发中）
+          </div>
+        )}
+
+        {preview.kind === 'photometry' && (
+          <div className="text-[10px] text-tertiary py-4 text-center">
+            测光预览（开发中）
+          </div>
+        )}
+
+        {preview.kind === 'image' && (
+          <img
+            src={preview.preview_data_url}
+            alt="cutout"
+            className="w-full rounded bg-black/10 object-contain"
+            style={{ maxHeight: 200 }}
+          />
+        )}
+
+        {/* 悬浮放大触控层 */}
+        {(preview.kind === 'spectrum' || preview.kind === 'image') && (
+          <button
+            onClick={() => setIsZoomed(true)}
+            className="absolute top-1.5 right-1.5 p-1 rounded bg-surface/90 hover:bg-surface border border-subtle hover:border-default text-tertiary hover:text-content opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-45 hover:!opacity-100 transition-all shadow-xs cursor-pointer"
+            title="放大查看"
+          >
+            <Maximize2 className="w-3 h-3" />
+          </button>
+        )}
+      </div>
+
+      {/* 全屏放大灯箱 —— 使用 React Portal 挂载到 body 下，彻底解决父组件 transform 裁剪 bug */}
+      {isZoomed &&
+        createPortal(
+          <div className="fixed inset-0 z-50 flex items-center justify-center p-4">
+            {/* 模糊遮罩背景 */}
+            <div
+              className="absolute inset-0 bg-slate-950/75 backdrop-blur-md transition-opacity duration-300"
+              onClick={() => setIsZoomed(false)}
+            />
+
+            {/* 放大面板卡片 */}
+            <div className="console-panel rounded-lg w-full max-w-4xl max-h-[90vh] bg-surface flex flex-col z-10 overflow-hidden shadow-2xl animate-in zoom-in-95 duration-200">
+              {/* 顶部标题栏 */}
+              <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-subtle px-5 py-4 select-none">
+                <div className="flex items-center gap-2.5">
+                  <span
+                    className={`px-2 py-0.5 rounded text-[10px] font-bold ${sourceTheme.badge}`}
+                  >
+                    {sourceTheme.label}
+                  </span>
+                  <span className="px-2 py-0.5 rounded text-[10px] font-bold bg-border-subtle text-secondary">
+                    {productLabel}
+                  </span>
+                  <span className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary font-mono">
+                    ID: {preview.source_id}
+                  </span>
+                </div>
+                <button
+                  onClick={() => setIsZoomed(false)}
+                  className="p-1 rounded-md hover:bg-sunken text-tertiary hover:text-content transition-colors cursor-pointer"
+                  title="关闭"
+                >
+                  <X className="w-4 h-4" />
+                </button>
+              </div>
+
+              {/* 中部高精大图/光谱图表渲染 */}
+              <div className="p-6 overflow-y-auto flex-1 flex flex-col items-center justify-center bg-sunken/40">
+                {preview.kind === 'spectrum' && (
+                  <div className="w-full bg-surface rounded-lg border border-default p-4 shadow-sm">
+                    {/* 高度提升至 420px 渲染，大幅扩充图线拉伸区域，交互触感更精准 */}
+                    <SpectrumPlot segments={preview.segments} height={420} />
+                  </div>
+                )}
+                {preview.kind === 'image' && (
+                  <div className="relative rounded-lg border border-default overflow-hidden bg-black flex items-center justify-center p-1.5 shadow-sm max-w-full">
+                    <img
+                      src={preview.preview_data_url}
+                      alt="cutout-enlarged"
+                      className="rounded max-w-full max-h-[60vh] object-contain"
+                    />
+                  </div>
+                )}
+              </div>
+
+              {/* 底部详细 FITS 头元数据状态栏 */}
+              {preview.meta && (
+                <div className="border-t border-subtle px-5 py-3.5 bg-surface text-[11px] text-secondary flex flex-wrap gap-x-6 gap-y-1.5 select-none items-center">
+                  <div className="flex items-center gap-1 text-tertiary">
+                    <Info className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
+                    <span>天体物理参数：</span>
+                  </div>
+                  {preview.meta.ra !== undefined &&
+                    preview.meta.dec !== undefined && (
+                      <div className="font-mono">
+                        坐标:{' '}
+                        <span className="text-content font-bold">
+                          {preview.meta.ra.toFixed(5)}
+                        </span>
+                        ,{' '}
+                        <span className="text-content font-bold">
+                          {preview.meta.dec.toFixed(5)}
+                        </span>
+                      </div>
+                    )}
+                  {preview.meta.z !== undefined && (
+                    <div className="font-mono">
+                      红移 z:{' '}
+                      <span className="text-content font-bold">
+                        {preview.meta.z.toFixed(4)}
+                      </span>
+                    </div>
+                  )}
+                  {preview.meta.class && (
+                    <div>
+                      光谱分类:{' '}
+                      <span className="text-content font-bold uppercase">
+                        {preview.meta.class}
+                      </span>
+                    </div>
+                  )}
+                  {preview.meta.snr !== undefined && (
+                    <div className="font-mono">
+                      信噪比 SNR:{' '}
+                      <span className="text-content font-bold">
+                        {preview.meta.snr.toFixed(1)}
+                      </span>
+                    </div>
+                  )}
+                  {preview.meta.teff !== undefined && (
+                    <div className="font-mono">
+                      有效温度 Teff:{' '}
+                      <span className="text-content font-bold">
+                        {preview.meta.teff.toFixed(0)} K
+                      </span>
+                    </div>
+                  )}
+                  {preview.meta.logg !== undefined && (
+                    <div className="font-mono">
+                      重力加速度 log g:{' '}
+                      <span className="text-content font-bold">
+                        {preview.meta.logg.toFixed(2)}
+                      </span>
+                    </div>
+                  )}
+                  {preview.meta.fe_h !== undefined && (
+                    <div className="font-mono">
+                      金属丰度 [Fe/H]:{' '}
+                      <span className="text-content font-bold">
+                        {preview.meta.fe_h.toFixed(2)}
+                      </span>
+                    </div>
+                  )}
+                </div>
+              )}
+            </div>
+          </div>,
+          document.body
+        )}
+    </>
+  );
 }
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/observation/ObservationResultCard.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/observation/ObservationResultCard.tsx
index 35a1693..c7df6b4 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/observation/ObservationResultCard.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/observation/ObservationResultCard.tsx
@@ -50,11 +50,11 @@ export function ObservationResultCard({ result }: ObservationResultCardProps) {
   const [expanded, setExpanded] = useState<Record<string, boolean>>({});
 
   return (
-    <div className="bg-slate-50/60 border border-slate-200 rounded-lg p-3.5 space-y-3 text-xs shadow-2xs">
+    <div className="bg-sunken rounded-lg p-3.5 space-y-3 text-xs">
       {/* 标题栏：数据源 + 产品类型双标签 */}
-      <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-slate-200/70 pb-2">
-        <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 font-bold text-slate-800 text-[11px] uppercase tracking-wide">
-          <Activity className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-slate-500" />
+      <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-subtle pb-2">
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 font-bold text-content text-[11px] uppercase tracking-wide">
+          <Activity className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-secondary" />
           <span>观测数据下载</span>
         </div>
         <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ export function ObservationResultCard({ result }: ObservationResultCardProps) {
           >
             {theme.label}
           </span>
-          <span className="px-2 py-0.5 rounded text-[10px] font-bold bg-slate-200 text-slate-700">
+          <span className="px-2 py-0.5 rounded text-[10px] font-bold bg-border-subtle text-secondary">
             {productLabel}
             {product.subtype ? ` · ${product.subtype}` : ''}
           </span>
@@ -71,24 +71,24 @@ export function ObservationResultCard({ result }: ObservationResultCardProps) {
       </div>
 
       {/* 查询信息 */}
-      <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-x-3 gap-y-1 text-[10px] text-slate-600">
+      <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-x-3 gap-y-1 text-[10px] text-secondary">
         {ra !== undefined && dec !== undefined && (
           <span className="font-mono">
             ra={ra.toFixed(4)} dec={dec.toFixed(4)}
             {radius_deg !== undefined ? ` r=${radius_deg}°` : ''}
           </span>
         )}
-        <span className="bg-slate-200 text-slate-700 px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded font-medium">
+        <span className="bg-border-subtle text-secondary px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded font-medium">
           命中 {matched_count} 条
         </span>
         {products.length > 0 && (
-          <span className="flex items-center gap-0.5 text-emerald-600 font-medium">
+          <span className="flex items-center gap-0.5 text-success font-medium">
             <CheckCircle2 className="w-3 h-3" />
             下载 {products.length}
           </span>
         )}
         {failures.length > 0 && (
-          <span className="flex items-center gap-0.5 text-rose-600 font-medium">
+          <span className="flex items-center gap-0.5 text-danger font-medium">
             <AlertTriangle className="w-3 h-3" />
             失败 {failures.length}
           </span>
@@ -100,21 +100,18 @@ export function ObservationResultCard({ result }: ObservationResultCardProps) {
         const allCached =
           p.artifacts.length > 0 && p.artifacts.every((a) => a.cached);
         return (
-          <div
-            key={i}
-            className="border border-slate-200 rounded bg-white p-2.5 space-y-1.5"
-          >
+          <div key={i} className=" rounded bg-surface p-2.5 space-y-1.5">
             <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
-              <span className="font-mono font-medium text-slate-700">
+              <span className="font-mono font-medium text-secondary">
                 {p.source_label}
               </span>
               {allCached ? (
-                <span className="flex items-center gap-0.5 text-[10px] text-emerald-600">
+                <span className="flex items-center gap-0.5 text-[10px] text-success">
                   <CheckCircle2 className="w-3 h-3" />
                   缓存
                 </span>
               ) : (
-                <span className="text-[10px] text-slate-400">新下载</span>
+                <span className="text-[10px] text-tertiary">新下载</span>
               )}
             </div>
             {/* 多 artifact 展示（Gaia 光变 G/BP/RP 三波段） */}
@@ -138,10 +135,10 @@ export function ObservationResultCard({ result }: ObservationResultCardProps) {
               };
               return (
                 <div key={ai} className="space-y-1">
-                  <div className="flex items-center justify-between text-[10px] pl-2 border-l-2 border-slate-100">
-                    <span className="text-slate-500 flex items-center gap-1">
+                  <div className="flex items-center justify-between text-[10px] pl-2 border-l-2 border-subtle">
+                    <span className="text-secondary flex items-center gap-1">
                       {a.band && (
-                        <span className="px-1 py-0.5 rounded bg-violet-100 text-violet-700 font-medium">
+                        <span className="px-1 py-0.5 rounded bg-violet-100 text-violet-700 dark:bg-violet-500/15 dark:text-violet-300 font-medium">
                           {a.band}
                         </span>
                       )}
@@ -152,7 +149,11 @@ export function ObservationResultCard({ result }: ObservationResultCardProps) {
                       {previewable && (
                         <button
                           onClick={togglePreview}
-                          className="flex items-center gap-0.5 font-medium text-slate-500 hover:text-slate-800 transition-colors"
+                          className={`flex items-center gap-1 px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded transition-all font-medium text-[10px] ${
+                            isOpen
+                              ? 'text-blueprint bg-blueprint/10 font-bold'
+                              : 'text-secondary hover:text-content hover:bg-sunken'
+                          }`}
                           title="预览"
                         >
                           {previewState.loading ? (
@@ -167,7 +168,7 @@ export function ObservationResultCard({ result }: ObservationResultCardProps) {
                         href={a.file_url}
                         target="_blank"
                         rel="noopener noreferrer"
-                        className="flex items-center gap-0.5 font-bold text-sky-600 hover:text-sky-800 hover:underline"
+                        className="flex items-center gap-1 px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded text-secondary hover:text-blueprint hover:bg-blueprint/10 transition-all font-medium text-[10px]"
                       >
                         <Download className="w-3 h-3" />
                         <span>{a.file_format.toUpperCase()}</span>
@@ -178,7 +179,7 @@ export function ObservationResultCard({ result }: ObservationResultCardProps) {
                   {previewable && isOpen && (
                     <div className="pl-2">
                       {previewState.error ? (
-                        <p className="text-[10px] text-rose-500 py-1">
+                        <p className="text-[10px] text-danger py-1">
                           {previewState.error}
                         </p>
                       ) : previewState.data ? (
@@ -186,7 +187,7 @@ export function ObservationResultCard({ result }: ObservationResultCardProps) {
                           preview={previewState.data}
                         />
                       ) : previewState.loading ? (
-                        <div className="flex items-center gap-1 text-[10px] text-slate-400 py-4 justify-center">
+                        <div className="flex items-center gap-1 text-[10px] text-tertiary py-4 justify-center">
                           <Loader2 className="w-3 h-3 animate-spin" />
                           解析 FITS 中...
                         </div>
@@ -204,18 +205,20 @@ export function ObservationResultCard({ result }: ObservationResultCardProps) {
       {failures.map((f, i) => (
         <div
           key={`f${i}`}
-          className="border border-rose-200 rounded bg-rose-50/50 p-2.5"
+          className="border border-rose-200 dark:border-rose-500/30 rounded bg-rose-50/50 dark:bg-rose-500/10 p-2.5"
         >
-          <div className="flex items-center gap-1 text-rose-700 font-medium">
+          <div className="flex items-center gap-1 text-rose-700 dark:text-rose-300 font-medium">
             <AlertTriangle className="w-3 h-3" />
             <span className="font-mono text-[10px]">{f.source_label}</span>
           </div>
-          <p className="text-[10px] text-rose-600 mt-1 break-all">{f.error}</p>
+          <p className="text-[10px] text-rose-600 dark:text-rose-400 mt-1 break-all">
+            {f.error}
+          </p>
         </div>
       ))}
 
       {!hasResult && (
-        <p className="text-[11px] text-slate-400 italic py-2">
+        <p className="text-[11px] text-tertiary italic py-2">
           (该区域无{productLabel}数据覆盖)
         </p>
       )}
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/observation/SpectrumPlot.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/observation/SpectrumPlot.tsx
index 05a1502..bde14c6 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/observation/SpectrumPlot.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/observation/SpectrumPlot.tsx
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 //   - 简洁坐标轴 + 网格线
 
 import { useState, useMemo } from 'react';
+import { useTheme } from '../../hooks/useTheme';
 import type { SpectrumSegment } from './constants';
 
 interface SpectrumPlotProps {
@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@ interface SpectrumPlotProps {
   height?: number;
 }
 
-// 数据源 → 段配色（与 SOURCE_THEME 协调的线条色）
+// 数据源 → 段配色（频段语义色，跨主题保持一致以便辨识）
 const SEGMENT_COLORS: Record<string, string> = {
   combined: '#64748b', // slate-500
   xp_merged: '#0ea5e9', // sky-500
@@ -31,6 +32,23 @@ const SEGMENT_COLORS: Record<string, string> = {
 
 const DEFAULT_COLOR = '#64748b';
 
+// 读取 CSS 令牌当前值（随主题切换）
+function usePlotColors() {
+  const { theme } = useTheme();
+  return useMemo(() => {
+    // theme 仅作为失效依赖：切换浅色/暗色后强制重读 CSS 变量
+    void theme;
+    const cs = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement);
+    return {
+      grid: cs.getPropertyValue('--plot-grid').trim() || '#e2e8f0',
+      axis: cs.getPropertyValue('--plot-axis').trim() || '#64748b',
+      axisStrong: cs.getPropertyValue('--plot-axis-strong').trim() || '#94a3b8',
+      tooltipBg: cs.getPropertyValue('--plot-tooltip-bg').trim() || '#1e293b',
+      tooltipFg: cs.getPropertyValue('--plot-tooltip-fg').trim() || '#ffffff',
+    };
+  }, [theme]);
+}
+
 interface PlotPoint {
   wl: number;
   flux: number;
@@ -39,6 +57,8 @@ interface PlotPoint {
 
 export function SpectrumPlot({ segments, height = 180 }: SpectrumPlotProps) {
   const [hover, setHover] = useState<PlotPoint | null>(null);
+  const plotColors = usePlotColors();
+  const hoveredBand = hover ? (segments[hover.segIdx]?.band ?? '') : '';
 
   // 合并所有段的数据点，计算全局范围
   const { points, wlMin, wlMax, fluxMin, fluxMax } = useMemo(() => {
@@ -52,7 +72,8 @@ export function SpectrumPlot({ segments, height = 180 }: SpectrumPlotProps) {
       for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
         const wl = seg.wavelength[i];
         const fl = seg.flux[i];
-        if (!isFinite(wl) || !isFinite(fl)) continue;
+        if (wl === null || fl === null || !isFinite(wl) || !isFinite(fl))
+          continue;
         pts.push({ wl, flux: fl, segIdx: si });
         if (wl < wMin) wMin = wl;
         if (wl > wMax) wMax = wl;
@@ -72,7 +93,7 @@ export function SpectrumPlot({ segments, height = 180 }: SpectrumPlotProps) {
   }, [segments]);
 
   if (points.length === 0) {
-    return <div className="text-xs text-slate-400 p-2">无有效数据点</div>;
+    return <div className="text-xs text-tertiary p-2">无有效数据点</div>;
   }
 
   const width = 600;
@@ -92,11 +113,14 @@ export function SpectrumPlot({ segments, height = 180 }: SpectrumPlotProps) {
   const paths = segments.map((seg) => {
     const n = Math.min(seg.wavelength.length, seg.flux.length);
     let d = '';
+    let isFirst = true;
     for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
       const wl = seg.wavelength[i];
       const fl = seg.flux[i];
-      if (!isFinite(wl) || !isFinite(fl)) continue;
-      d += `${i === 0 ? 'M' : 'L'}${xScale(wl).toFixed(1)},${yScale(fl).toFixed(1)} `;
+      if (wl === null || fl === null || !isFinite(wl) || !isFinite(fl))
+        continue;
+      d += `${isFirst ? 'M' : 'L'}${xScale(wl).toFixed(1)},${yScale(fl).toFixed(1)} `;
+      isFirst = false;
     }
     return {
       d,
@@ -121,14 +145,15 @@ export function SpectrumPlot({ segments, height = 180 }: SpectrumPlotProps) {
     if (v >= 1000) return `${(v / 1000).toFixed(2)}k`;
     return v.toFixed(0);
   };
-  const fmtFlux = (v: number) => {
+  const fmtFlux = (v: number | null | undefined) => {
+    if (v === null || v === undefined || isNaN(v)) return '—';
     const abs = Math.abs(v);
     if (abs !== 0 && (abs < 0.01 || abs >= 1e4)) return v.toExponential(1);
     return v.toFixed(2);
   };
 
   return (
-    <div className="relative w-full bg-slate-50/80 border border-slate-200 rounded p-1">
+    <div className="relative w-full bg-sunken rounded p-1">
       <svg
         viewBox={`0 0 ${width} ${height}`}
         className="w-full"
@@ -144,7 +169,7 @@ export function SpectrumPlot({ segments, height = 180 }: SpectrumPlotProps) {
             x2={width - padR}
             y1={yScale(v)}
             y2={yScale(v)}
-            stroke="#e2e8f0"
+            stroke={plotColors.grid}
             strokeWidth="0.5"
           />
         ))}
@@ -155,7 +180,7 @@ export function SpectrumPlot({ segments, height = 180 }: SpectrumPlotProps) {
             x2={xScale(v)}
             y1={padT}
             y2={height - padB}
-            stroke="#e2e8f0"
+            stroke={plotColors.grid}
             strokeWidth="0.5"
           />
         ))}
@@ -180,7 +205,7 @@ export function SpectrumPlot({ segments, height = 180 }: SpectrumPlotProps) {
             y={height - padB + 12}
             textAnchor="middle"
             fontSize="9"
-            fill="#64748b"
+            fill={plotColors.axis}
           >
             {fmtWl(v)}
           </text>
@@ -193,7 +218,7 @@ export function SpectrumPlot({ segments, height = 180 }: SpectrumPlotProps) {
             y={yScale(v) + 3}
             textAnchor="end"
             fontSize="9"
-            fill="#64748b"
+            fill={plotColors.axis}
           >
             {fmtFlux(v)}
           </text>
@@ -205,7 +230,7 @@ export function SpectrumPlot({ segments, height = 180 }: SpectrumPlotProps) {
           y={height - 4}
           textAnchor="end"
           fontSize="8"
-          fill="#94a3b8"
+          fill={plotColors.axisStrong}
         >
           λ ({segments[0]?.wavelength_unit ?? 'Å'})
         </text>
@@ -214,7 +239,7 @@ export function SpectrumPlot({ segments, height = 180 }: SpectrumPlotProps) {
           y={padT + 4}
           textAnchor="start"
           fontSize="8"
-          fill="#94a3b8"
+          fill={plotColors.axisStrong}
         >
           flux ({segments[0]?.flux_unit ?? ''})
         </text>
@@ -227,7 +252,7 @@ export function SpectrumPlot({ segments, height = 180 }: SpectrumPlotProps) {
               x2={xScale(hover.wl)}
               y1={padT}
               y2={height - padB}
-              stroke="#94a3b8"
+              stroke={plotColors.axisStrong}
               strokeWidth="0.5"
               strokeDasharray="2,2"
             />
@@ -273,13 +298,20 @@ export function SpectrumPlot({ segments, height = 180 }: SpectrumPlotProps) {
       {/* hover tooltip */}
       {hover && (
         <div
-          className="absolute pointer-events-none bg-slate-800 text-white text-[10px] px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded shadow-lg"
+          className="absolute pointer-events-none text-[9px] sm:text-[10px] font-bold px-2 py-1 rounded-md shadow-md border border-white/10 dark:border-black/35 backdrop-blur-[2px]"
           style={{
-            left: `${((xScale(hover.wl) - padL) / plotW) * 100}%`,
-            top: `${((yScale(hover.flux) - padT) / plotH) * 100}%`,
-            transform: 'translate(-50%, -120%)',
+            left: `${(xScale(hover.wl) / width) * 100}%`,
+            top: `${(yScale(hover.flux) / height) * 100}%`,
+            transform: 'translate(-50%, -125%)',
+            backgroundColor: plotColors.tooltipBg,
+            color: plotColors.tooltipFg,
           }}
         >
+          {hoveredBand && (
+            <span className="opacity-75 mr-1 font-extrabold select-none">
+              [{hoveredBand}]
+            </span>
+          )}
           λ={hover.wl.toFixed(1)} · f={fmtFlux(hover.flux)}
         </div>
       )}
@@ -290,7 +322,7 @@ export function SpectrumPlot({ segments, height = 180 }: SpectrumPlotProps) {
           {segments.map((seg, i) => (
             <span
               key={`leg${i}`}
-              className="flex items-center gap-1 text-[9px] text-slate-600"
+              className="flex items-center gap-1 text-[9px] text-secondary"
             >
               <span
                 className="inline-block w-2 h-0.5"
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/observation/UnifiedSearchPanel.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/observation/UnifiedSearchPanel.tsx
index 883ef2b..2ab31d4 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/observation/UnifiedSearchPanel.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/observation/UnifiedSearchPanel.tsx
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 // 与 ObservationPanel.SearchView 的区别：
 //   - SearchView：单目标 + 单源 + 单产品（精细化参数）
 //   - UnifiedSearchPanel：多目标 + 多源（广覆盖发现）
-import { useState, useMemo, useCallback } from 'react';
+import { useState, useMemo, useCallback, useEffect } from 'react';
 import {
   Globe,
   Search,
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ import {
   type SourceCandidateGroup,
   type TargetRequest,
   type ResolvedTarget,
-  type ProductSpec,
   type ObservationBatchResult,
 } from './constants';
 import type { CapabilitySpec } from '../../types';
@@ -65,6 +64,21 @@ export function UnifiedSearchPanel({
   downloadUnifiedSelected,
   downloading,
 }: UnifiedSearchPanelProps) {
+  // ── 统一检索的下载结果 ──
+  const [downloadResults, setDownloadResults] = useState<
+    ObservationBatchResult[] | null
+  >(null);
+
+  // 当重新检索结果变化时，重置下载结果
+  useEffect(() => {
+    setDownloadResults(null);
+  }, [unifiedResult]);
+
+  const handleDownload = useCallback(async () => {
+    const r = await downloadUnifiedSelected();
+    setDownloadResults(r);
+  }, [downloadUnifiedSelected]);
+
   // ── 输入模式 ──
   const [inputMode, setInputMode] = useState<InputMode>('coordinates');
   // ── 坐标列表文本（每行 ra,dec[,radius] 或 ra dec [radius]）──
@@ -75,24 +89,136 @@ export function UnifiedSearchPanel({
   const [resolved, setResolved] = useState<ResolvedTarget[]>([]);
   // ── CSV 导入 ──
   // ── 公共参数 ──
-  const [release, setRelease] = useState('');
   const [defaultRadius, setDefaultRadius] = useState('0.1');
-  const [perTargetLimit, setPerTargetLimit] = useState('50');
-  // ── 源筛选：勾选的 (source, product) 组合 key ──
-  // 默认全选；key = `${source}|${product}|${subtype ?? ''}`
+  const [perTargetLimit, setPerTargetLimit] = useState('1');
+
+  // ── 可选择的检索源规格列表（展开所有的版本/子类型组合） ──
+  const selectableSources = useMemo(() => {
+    const list: {
+      key: string;
+      source: string;
+      product: string;
+      subtype?: string;
+      release?: string;
+      version?: string;
+      label: string;
+    }[] = [];
+
+    for (const c of capabilities) {
+      const subtypes = c.subtypes.length > 0 ? c.subtypes : [undefined];
+
+      for (const subtype of subtypes) {
+        const releases = c.releases.length > 0 ? c.releases : [undefined];
+
+        for (const release of releases) {
+          const versions =
+            release &&
+            c.release_versions &&
+            c.release_versions[release] &&
+            c.release_versions[release].length > 0
+              ? c.release_versions[release]
+              : [undefined];
+
+          for (const version of versions) {
+            const key = [
+              c.source,
+              c.product,
+              subtype || '',
+              release || '',
+              version || '',
+            ].join('|');
+
+            // 构建用户友好标签，如：LAMOST 光谱 - lrs (DR11 v1.0)
+            let label = `${SOURCE_THEME[c.source]?.label ?? c.source} ${PRODUCT_LABEL[c.product] ?? c.product}`;
+            if (subtype) {
+              label += ` - ${subtype}`;
+            }
+            const verParts: string[] = [];
+            if (release) {
+              verParts.push(release.toUpperCase());
+            }
+            if (version) {
+              verParts.push(version);
+            }
+            if (verParts.length > 0) {
+              label += ` (${verParts.join(' ')})`;
+            }
+
+            list.push({
+              key,
+              source: c.source,
+              product: c.product,
+              subtype,
+              release,
+              version,
+              label,
+            });
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    return list;
+  }, [capabilities]);
+
+  // ── 源筛选：默认勾选逻辑 (望远镜、数据类型、子类型、发布版本全选，子版本只选最新) ──
+  const defaultSelectedKeys = useMemo(() => {
+    const groups = new Map<string, typeof selectableSources>();
+    for (const s of selectableSources) {
+      const comboKey = `${s.source}|${s.product}|${s.subtype || ''}|${s.release || ''}`;
+      if (!groups.has(comboKey)) {
+        groups.set(comboKey, []);
+      }
+      groups.get(comboKey)!.push(s);
+    }
+
+    const selected = new Set<string>();
+    for (const items of groups.values()) {
+      if (items.length === 1) {
+        selected.add(items[0].key);
+      } else {
+        // 找出最新子版本的项
+        let latestItem = items[0];
+        for (let i = 1; i < items.length; i++) {
+          const item = items[i];
+          const vA = latestItem.version || '';
+          const vB = item.version || '';
+          const cmp = vB.localeCompare(vA, undefined, {
+            numeric: true,
+            sensitivity: 'base',
+          });
+          if (cmp > 0) {
+            latestItem = item;
+          }
+        }
+        selected.add(latestItem.key);
+      }
+    }
+    return Array.from(selected);
+  }, [selectableSources]);
+
+  // ── 源筛选：全部可用组合 key ──
   const allKeys = useMemo(
-    () => capabilities.map((c) => makeSourceKey(c.source, c.product)),
-    [capabilities]
+    () => selectableSources.map((s) => s.key),
+    [selectableSources]
   );
-  const [selectedSources, setSelectedSources] = useState<Set<string>>(
-    new Set(allKeys)
+  const [selectedSources, setSelectedSources] = useState<Set<string> | null>(
+    null
   );
-  // 同步：capabilities 加载后默认全选
+
+  // 第一次加载完能力后默认选择最新的子版本以及所有发布版本
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (selectedSources === null && defaultSelectedKeys.length > 0) {
+      setSelectedSources(new Set(defaultSelectedKeys));
+    }
+  }, [defaultSelectedKeys, selectedSources]);
+
+  // 同步选中的有效 Set
   const effectiveSelected = useMemo(() => {
-    if (selectedSources.size === 0 && allKeys.length > 0)
-      return new Set(allKeys);
+    if (selectedSources === null) {
+      return new Set(defaultSelectedKeys);
+    }
     return selectedSources;
-  }, [selectedSources, allKeys]);
+  }, [selectedSources, defaultSelectedKeys]);
 
   // 解析目标列表（坐标模式 / 名称模式已解析 / CSV）
   const targets: TargetRequest[] = useMemo(() => {
@@ -114,28 +240,32 @@ export function UnifiedSearchPanel({
   // ── 执行检索 ──
   const handleSearch = useCallback(async () => {
     if (targets.length === 0) return;
-    // 收集勾选的 (source, ProductSpec)
-    const selectedCaps = capabilities.filter((c) =>
-      effectiveSelected.has(makeSourceKey(c.source, c.product))
+
+    // 收集选中的 specs
+    const selectedSpecs = selectableSources.filter((s) =>
+      effectiveSelected.has(s.key)
     );
-    // 按 (source, product) 合并 subtype（list_all_keys 后端会展开，前端用 product 级粒度）
-    const sources: [string, ProductSpec][] | undefined =
-      selectedCaps.length === allKeys.length
-        ? undefined // 全选 = 不传 sources（后端用默认全源）
-        : selectedCaps.map((c) => [c.source, { product: c.product }]);
+
+    const sources = selectedSpecs.map((s) => ({
+      source: s.source,
+      product: {
+        product: s.product,
+        subtype: s.subtype || undefined,
+      },
+      release: s.release || undefined,
+      version: s.version || undefined,
+    }));
 
     await runUnifiedSearch({
       targets,
-      sources,
-      release: release || undefined,
-      per_target_limit: parseInt(perTargetLimit) || 50,
+      sources: sources.length === allKeys.length ? undefined : sources,
+      per_target_limit: parseInt(perTargetLimit) || 1,
     });
   }, [
     targets,
-    capabilities,
+    selectableSources,
     effectiveSelected,
     allKeys.length,
-    release,
     perTargetLimit,
     runUnifiedSearch,
   ]);
@@ -178,288 +308,636 @@ export function UnifiedSearchPanel({
     [defaultRadius]
   );
 
-  // ── 源筛选控制 ──
-  const toggleSource = useCallback((key: string) => {
-    setSelectedSources((prev) => {
+  // ── 树节点展开状态 ──
+  const [expandedNodes, setExpandedNodes] = useState<Set<string>>(new Set());
+  const toggleExpand = useCallback((nodeId: string) => {
+    setExpandedNodes((prev) => {
       const next = new Set(prev);
-      if (next.has(key)) next.delete(key);
-      else next.add(key);
+      if (next.has(nodeId)) next.delete(nodeId);
+      else next.add(nodeId);
       return next;
     });
   }, []);
+
+  // 按产品和源多级树形分组的可选择检索源
+  interface SourceTreeNode {
+    id: string;
+    label: string;
+    level: number; // 0: source, 1: subtype, 2: release, 3: version
+    children?: SourceTreeNode[];
+    leafKeys: string[];
+  }
+
+  const sourcesByProduct = useMemo(() => {
+    const map = new Map<string, SourceTreeNode[]>();
+
+    for (const c of capabilities) {
+      const product = c.product;
+      if (!map.has(product)) {
+        map.set(product, []);
+      }
+      const sourcesInProduct = map.get(product)!;
+
+      const sourceNodeId = `${c.source}|${product}`;
+      if (sourcesInProduct.some((node) => node.id === sourceNodeId)) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      // 筛选该 (source, product) 的所有可勾选叶子节点 specs
+      const matchingSources = selectableSources.filter(
+        (s) => s.source === c.source && s.product === c.product
+      );
+      if (matchingSources.length === 0) continue;
+
+      const sourceLabel = SOURCE_THEME[c.source]?.label ?? c.source;
+
+      // 1. 按 subtype 分组
+      const bySubtype = new Map<string | undefined, typeof selectableSources>();
+      for (const ms of matchingSources) {
+        const st = ms.subtype || undefined;
+        if (!bySubtype.has(st)) bySubtype.set(st, []);
+        bySubtype.get(st)!.push(ms);
+      }
+
+      const subtypeNodes: SourceTreeNode[] = [];
+      for (const [st, stItems] of bySubtype.entries()) {
+        const subtypeLabel = st || '';
+        const subtypeNodeId = `${sourceNodeId}|${subtypeLabel}`;
+
+        // 2. 按 release 分组
+        const byRelease = new Map<
+          string | undefined,
+          typeof selectableSources
+        >();
+        for (const item of stItems) {
+          const rel = item.release || undefined;
+          if (!byRelease.has(rel)) byRelease.set(rel, []);
+          byRelease.get(rel)!.push(item);
+        }
+
+        const releaseNodes: SourceTreeNode[] = [];
+        for (const [rel, relItems] of byRelease.entries()) {
+          const releaseLabel = rel ? rel.toUpperCase() : '';
+          const releaseNodeId = `${subtypeNodeId}|${rel || ''}`;
+
+          // 3. 按 version 分组
+          const versionNodes: SourceTreeNode[] = [];
+          for (const item of relItems) {
+            if (item.version) {
+              versionNodes.push({
+                id: `${releaseNodeId}|${item.version}`,
+                label: item.version,
+                level: 3,
+                leafKeys: [item.key],
+              });
+            }
+          }
+
+          if (versionNodes.length > 0) {
+            releaseNodes.push({
+              id: releaseNodeId,
+              label: releaseLabel,
+              level: 2,
+              children: versionNodes,
+              leafKeys: relItems.map((item) => item.key),
+            });
+          } else {
+            releaseNodes.push({
+              id: releaseNodeId,
+              label: releaseLabel,
+              level: 2,
+              leafKeys: relItems.map((item) => item.key),
+            });
+          }
+        }
+
+        // 整理释放节点
+        if (releaseNodes.length > 0) {
+          const hasValidRelease = releaseNodes.some((rn) => rn.label !== '');
+          if (hasValidRelease) {
+            subtypeNodes.push({
+              id: subtypeNodeId,
+              label: subtypeLabel,
+              level: 1,
+              children: releaseNodes,
+              leafKeys: stItems.map((item) => item.key),
+            });
+          } else {
+            const directChildren = releaseNodes.flatMap(
+              (rn) => rn.children || []
+            );
+            if (directChildren.length > 0) {
+              subtypeNodes.push({
+                id: subtypeNodeId,
+                label: subtypeLabel,
+                level: 1,
+                children: directChildren,
+                leafKeys: stItems.map((item) => item.key),
+              });
+            } else {
+              subtypeNodes.push({
+                id: subtypeNodeId,
+                label: subtypeLabel,
+                level: 1,
+                leafKeys: stItems.map((item) => item.key),
+              });
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      // 整理源节点的子节点
+      const hasValidSubtype = subtypeNodes.some((sn) => sn.label !== '');
+      let finalChildren: SourceTreeNode[] | undefined = undefined;
+      if (hasValidSubtype) {
+        finalChildren = subtypeNodes;
+      } else {
+        const directChildren = subtypeNodes.flatMap((sn) => sn.children || []);
+        if (directChildren.length > 0) {
+          finalChildren = directChildren;
+        }
+      }
+
+      sourcesInProduct.push({
+        id: sourceNodeId,
+        label: sourceLabel,
+        level: 0,
+        children: finalChildren,
+        leafKeys: matchingSources.map((item) => item.key),
+      });
+    }
+
+    return map;
+  }, [capabilities, selectableSources]);
+
+  // ── 渲染子孙层级节点 (Level 1, 2, 3) ──
+  const renderNestedNode = useCallback(
+    (node: SourceTreeNode) => {
+      const isExpanded = expandedNodes.has(node.id);
+      const hasChildren = node.children && node.children.length > 0;
+
+      const allChecked = node.leafKeys.every((key) =>
+        effectiveSelected.has(key)
+      );
+      const someChecked = node.leafKeys.some((key) =>
+        effectiveSelected.has(key)
+      );
+      const isIndeterminate = someChecked && !allChecked;
+
+      const handleCheckboxChange = (e: React.MouseEvent) => {
+        e.stopPropagation();
+        setSelectedSources((prev) => {
+          const next = new Set(prev);
+          if (allChecked) {
+            node.leafKeys.forEach((k) => next.delete(k));
+          } else {
+            node.leafKeys.forEach((k) => next.add(k));
+          }
+          return next;
+        });
+      };
+
+      const handleNodeClick = (e: React.MouseEvent) => {
+        e.stopPropagation();
+        if (hasChildren) {
+          toggleExpand(node.id);
+        }
+      };
+
+      return (
+        <div key={node.id} className="flex flex-col select-none">
+          <div
+            onClick={handleNodeClick}
+            className="flex items-center justify-between py-1 px-1.5 rounded hover:bg-sunken/45 transition-all cursor-pointer"
+            style={{ paddingLeft: `${(node.level - 1) * 12}px` }}
+          >
+            <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+              {/* 子折叠箭头 */}
+              {hasChildren ? (
+                <span
+                  className={`w-3.5 h-3.5 flex items-center justify-center text-[7px] text-tertiary transition-transform duration-200 ${
+                    isExpanded ? 'rotate-90 text-blueprint' : ''
+                  }`}
+                >
+                  ▶
+                </span>
+              ) : (
+                <span className="w-3.5" />
+              )}
+
+              {/* 精美自定义复选框 */}
+              <div
+                onClick={handleCheckboxChange}
+                className={`w-3.5 h-3.5 rounded border flex items-center justify-center transition-all cursor-pointer ${
+                  allChecked
+                    ? 'bg-blueprint border-blueprint text-white'
+                    : isIndeterminate
+                      ? 'bg-blueprint/25 border-blueprint text-blueprint'
+                      : 'border-default hover:border-secondary bg-surface'
+                }`}
+              >
+                {allChecked && (
+                  <svg className="w-2.5 h-2.5 fill-current" viewBox="0 0 20 20">
+                    <path d="M0 11l2-2 5 5L18 3l2 2L7 18z" />
+                  </svg>
+                )}
+                {isIndeterminate && (
+                  <div className="w-1.5 h-0.5 bg-blueprint rounded-sm" />
+                )}
+              </div>
+
+              {/* 子节点标签 */}
+              <span className="text-[11px] font-bold text-tertiary hover:text-secondary transition-colors">
+                {node.label || '默认'}
+              </span>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+
+          {/* 虚线连接子孙 */}
+          {hasChildren && isExpanded && (
+            <div className="flex flex-col gap-1 mt-1 border-l border-dashed border-subtle/50 ml-2.5 pl-1 animate-in fade-in duration-100">
+              {node.children!.map((child) => renderNestedNode(child))}
+            </div>
+          )}
+        </div>
+      );
+    },
+    [expandedNodes, effectiveSelected, toggleExpand]
+  );
+
+  // ── 渲染顶层源卡片 (Level 0) ──
+  const renderRootCard = useCallback(
+    (node: SourceTreeNode) => {
+      const isExpanded = expandedNodes.has(node.id);
+      const hasChildren = node.children && node.children.length > 0;
+      const sourceKey = node.id.split('|')[0];
+      const theme = SOURCE_THEME[sourceKey] || {
+        label: node.label,
+        dot: 'bg-blueprint',
+        badge: '',
+      };
+
+      const allChecked = node.leafKeys.every((key) =>
+        effectiveSelected.has(key)
+      );
+      const someChecked = node.leafKeys.some((key) =>
+        effectiveSelected.has(key)
+      );
+      const isIndeterminate = someChecked && !allChecked;
+
+      const handleCheckboxChange = (e: React.MouseEvent) => {
+        e.stopPropagation();
+        setSelectedSources((prev) => {
+          const next = new Set(prev);
+          if (allChecked) {
+            node.leafKeys.forEach((k) => next.delete(k));
+          } else {
+            node.leafKeys.forEach((k) => next.add(k));
+          }
+          return next;
+        });
+      };
+
+      const handleNodeClick = () => {
+        if (hasChildren) {
+          toggleExpand(node.id);
+        }
+      };
+
+      return (
+        <div
+          key={node.id}
+          className={`relative group select-none flex flex-col rounded-lg border transition-all duration-200 ${
+            allChecked
+              ? 'bg-surface border-blueprint/60 shadow-sm'
+              : someChecked
+                ? 'bg-surface border-blueprint/35 shadow-sm'
+                : 'bg-sunken/15 border-subtle hover:border-default hover:bg-sunken/25'
+          }`}
+        >
+          {/* 紧凑卡片头部行 */}
+          <div
+            onClick={handleNodeClick}
+            className="flex items-center justify-between p-2 cursor-pointer select-none"
+          >
+            <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+              {/* 精美主复选框 */}
+              <div
+                onClick={handleCheckboxChange}
+                className={`w-3.5 h-3.5 rounded border flex items-center justify-center transition-all cursor-pointer ${
+                  allChecked
+                    ? 'bg-blueprint border-blueprint text-white'
+                    : isIndeterminate
+                      ? 'bg-blueprint/20 border-blueprint text-blueprint'
+                      : 'border-default hover:border-secondary bg-surface'
+                }`}
+              >
+                {allChecked && (
+                  <svg className="w-2.5 h-2.5 fill-current" viewBox="0 0 20 20">
+                    <path d="M0 11l2-2 5 5L18 3l2 2L7 18z" />
+                  </svg>
+                )}
+                {isIndeterminate && (
+                  <div className="w-1.5 h-0.5 bg-blueprint rounded-sm" />
+                )}
+              </div>
+
+              {/* 源中文/英文名 */}
+              <span className="text-[11px] font-bold text-secondary tracking-wide">
+                {theme.label}
+              </span>
+            </div>
+
+            {/* 指示微标和折叠指示 */}
+            <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
+              <span className="text-[9px] font-semibold text-tertiary px-1 py-0.5 rounded bg-sunken scale-90">
+                {node.leafKeys.length} 项
+              </span>
+              {hasChildren && (
+                <span
+                  className={`w-3.5 h-3.5 flex items-center justify-center text-[9px] text-tertiary transition-transform duration-300 ${
+                    isExpanded ? 'rotate-180 text-secondary' : 'rotate-0'
+                  }`}
+                >
+                  ▼
+                </span>
+              )}
+            </div>
+          </div>
+
+          {/* 悬浮树形结构展示框 */}
+          {hasChildren && isExpanded && (
+            <div
+              onClick={(e) => e.stopPropagation()}
+              className="absolute left-0 right-0 top-full mt-1 z-50 bg-surface border border-default rounded-lg shadow-xl p-2.5 flex flex-col gap-1.5 animate-in fade-in slide-in-from-top-1 duration-150 max-h-60 overflow-y-auto"
+            >
+              <div className="text-[10px] text-tertiary font-extrabold pb-1 border-b border-subtle/50 mb-1">
+                {theme.label} 选项配置
+              </div>
+              {node.children!.map((child) => renderNestedNode(child))}
+            </div>
+          )}
+        </div>
+      );
+    },
+    [expandedNodes, effectiveSelected, toggleExpand, renderNestedNode]
+  );
+
+  // ── 统一递归渲染树入口 ──
+  const renderTreeNode = useCallback(
+    (node: SourceTreeNode) => {
+      if (node.level === 0) {
+        return renderRootCard(node);
+      }
+      return renderNestedNode(node);
+    },
+    [renderRootCard, renderNestedNode]
+  );
+
+  // ── 源筛选控制 ──
   const selectAllSources = useCallback(
     () => setSelectedSources(new Set(allKeys)),
     [allKeys]
   );
   const clearSources = useCallback(() => setSelectedSources(new Set()), []);
 
-  // 按产品分组的 capabilities（chip 展示）
-  const capsByProduct = useMemo(() => {
-    const map = new Map<string, CapabilitySpec[]>();
-    for (const c of capabilities) {
-      if (!map.has(c.product)) map.set(c.product, []);
-      map.get(c.product)!.push(c);
-    }
-    return map;
-  }, [capabilities]);
-
   return (
     <div className="space-y-5">
-      {/* ── 输入模式切换 ── */}
-      <div className="flex items-center gap-1 bg-slate-100 p-1 rounded-lg border border-slate-200 w-fit">
-        <ModeTab
-          active={inputMode === 'coordinates'}
-          onClick={() => setInputMode('coordinates')}
-          icon={<MapPin className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />}
-          label="坐标列表"
-        />
-        <ModeTab
-          active={inputMode === 'names'}
-          onClick={() => setInputMode('names')}
-          icon={<ListPlus className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />}
-          label="天体名称"
-        />
-        <ModeTab
-          active={inputMode === 'csv'}
-          onClick={() => setInputMode('csv')}
-          icon={<Upload className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />}
-          label="CSV 导入"
-        />
-      </div>
-
-      {/* ── 目标输入区 ── */}
-      <div className="bg-white border border-slate-200 rounded-lg p-4 space-y-3">
-        {inputMode === 'coordinates' && (
-          <>
-            <label className="text-xs font-semibold text-slate-700">
-              坐标列表（每行：ra,dec 或 ra,dec,radius；支持空格/逗号分隔）
-            </label>
-            <textarea
-              value={coordsText}
-              onChange={(e) => setCoordsText(e.target.value)}
-              placeholder={'10.6847,41.2687,M31\n40.0,-5.0'}
-              rows={5}
-              className="w-full text-xs font-mono p-2 border border-slate-200 rounded resize-y focus:outline-none focus:ring-1 focus:ring-slate-400"
-            />
-            <p className="text-[11px] text-slate-500">
-              已识别 {targets.length} 个目标
-            </p>
-          </>
-        )}
-
-        {inputMode === 'names' && (
-          <>
-            <label className="text-xs font-semibold text-slate-700">
-              天体名称列表（每行一个名称，如 M31 / NGC 1068 / GD 358）
-            </label>
-            <textarea
-              value={namesText}
-              onChange={(e) => setNamesText(e.target.value)}
-              placeholder={'M31\nNGC 1068\nGD 358'}
-              rows={5}
-              className="w-full text-xs font-mono p-2 border border-slate-200 rounded resize-y focus:outline-none focus:ring-1 focus:ring-slate-400"
-            />
-            <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-              <button
-                onClick={handleResolveNames}
-                disabled={resolving || !namesText.trim()}
-                className="px-3 py-1.5 bg-slate-800 text-white text-xs font-semibold rounded hover:bg-slate-700 disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed flex items-center gap-1.5"
-              >
-                {resolving ? (
-                  <Loader2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5 animate-spin" />
-                ) : (
-                  <Search className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
-                )}
-                解析坐标
-              </button>
-              <span className="text-[11px] text-slate-500">
-                通过 CDS SESAME 解析（带本地缓存）
-              </span>
+      {/* ── 统一检索表单卡片 ── */}
+      <div className="console-panel rounded-lg p-5 space-y-4">
+        {/* 输入模式切换 */}
+        <div className="flex items-center justify-between flex-wrap gap-3 pb-3 border-b border-subtle select-none">
+          <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs font-bold">
+            <span className="text-secondary">检索模式：</span>
+            <div className="flex items-center gap-1 bg-sunken p-1 rounded-lg w-fit">
+              <ModeTab
+                active={inputMode === 'coordinates'}
+                onClick={() => setInputMode('coordinates')}
+                icon={<MapPin className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />}
+                label="坐标列表"
+              />
+              <ModeTab
+                active={inputMode === 'names'}
+                onClick={() => setInputMode('names')}
+                icon={<ListPlus className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />}
+                label="天体名称"
+              />
+              <ModeTab
+                active={inputMode === 'csv'}
+                onClick={() => setInputMode('csv')}
+                icon={<Upload className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />}
+                label="CSV 导入"
+              />
             </div>
-            {resolved.length > 0 && (
-              <div className="mt-2 border border-slate-200 rounded overflow-hidden">
-                <table className="w-full text-[11px]">
-                  <thead className="bg-slate-50 text-slate-600">
-                    <tr>
-                      <th className="text-left p-1.5">名称</th>
-                      <th className="text-left p-1.5">RA</th>
-                      <th className="text-left p-1.5">Dec</th>
-                      <th className="text-left p-1.5">光谱型</th>
-                      <th className="text-left p-1.5">V</th>
-                      <th className="text-left p-1.5">状态</th>
-                    </tr>
-                  </thead>
-                  <tbody>
-                    {resolved.map((r) => (
-                      <tr key={r.name} className="border-t border-slate-100">
-                        <td className="p-1.5 font-mono">{r.name}</td>
-                        <td className="p-1.5 font-mono">
-                          {r.ra?.toFixed(4) ?? '—'}
-                        </td>
-                        <td className="p-1.5 font-mono">
-                          {r.dec?.toFixed(4) ?? '—'}
-                        </td>
-                        <td className="p-1.5">{r.spectral_type ?? '—'}</td>
-                        <td className="p-1.5">
-                          {r.v_magnitude?.toFixed(2) ?? '—'}
-                        </td>
-                        <td className="p-1.5">
-                          {r.error ? (
-                            <span className="text-rose-600">{r.error}</span>
-                          ) : (
-                            <CheckCircle2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-emerald-500" />
-                          )}
-                        </td>
-                      </tr>
-                    ))}
-                  </tbody>
-                </table>
-                <p className="text-[11px] text-slate-500 p-1.5 bg-slate-50">
-                  成功解析 {resolved.filter((r) => !r.error).length} /{' '}
-                  {resolved.length}
-                </p>
-              </div>
-            )}
-          </>
-        )}
-
-        {inputMode === 'csv' && (
-          <>
-            <label className="text-xs font-semibold text-slate-700">
-              导入 CSV 文件（列名含 ra/dec，可选 name/radius；首行为表头）
-            </label>
-            <input
-              type="file"
-              accept=".csv,.tsv,.txt"
-              onChange={handleCsvUpload}
-              className="text-xs file:mr-3 file:py-1.5 file:px-3 file:rounded file:border-0 file:text-xs file:font-semibold file:bg-slate-800 file:text-white hover:file:bg-slate-700"
-            />
-            <p className="text-[11px] text-slate-500">
-              导入后会转为坐标列表显示（VOTable 暂不支持，请先转 CSV）
-            </p>
-          </>
-        )}
-      </div>
-
-      {/* ── 公共参数 ── */}
-      <div className="grid grid-cols-3 gap-3">
-        <Field label="默认检索半径 (°)">
-          <input
-            type="number"
-            step="0.01"
-            min="0.0001"
-            max="30"
-            value={defaultRadius}
-            onChange={(e) => setDefaultRadius(e.target.value)}
-            className="w-full text-xs p-1.5 border border-slate-200 rounded focus:outline-none focus:ring-1 focus:ring-slate-400"
-          />
-        </Field>
-        <Field label="发布版本 (可选)">
-          <input
-            type="text"
-            placeholder="留空=默认"
-            value={release}
-            onChange={(e) => setRelease(e.target.value)}
-            className="w-full text-xs p-1.5 border border-slate-200 rounded focus:outline-none focus:ring-1 focus:ring-slate-400"
-          />
-        </Field>
-        <Field label="单源命中上限">
-          <input
-            type="number"
-            min="1"
-            max="500"
-            value={perTargetLimit}
-            onChange={(e) => setPerTargetLimit(e.target.value)}
-            className="w-full text-xs p-1.5 border border-slate-200 rounded focus:outline-none focus:ring-1 focus:ring-slate-400"
-          />
-        </Field>
-      </div>
-
-      {/* ── 源筛选 chip 组 ── */}
-      <div className="bg-white border border-slate-200 rounded-lg p-4 space-y-3">
-        <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
-          <label className="text-xs font-semibold text-slate-700">
-            检索源筛选（{effectiveSelected.size}/{allKeys.length} 个组合）
-          </label>
-          <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-            <button
-              onClick={selectAllSources}
-              className="text-[11px] text-slate-600 hover:text-slate-900 underline"
-            >
-              全选
-            </button>
-            <button
-              onClick={clearSources}
-              className="text-[11px] text-slate-600 hover:text-slate-900 underline"
-            >
-              清空
-            </button>
           </div>
         </div>
-        <div className="space-y-2">
-          {Array.from(capsByProduct.entries()).map(([product, caps]) => (
-            <div key={product} className="flex items-start gap-2 flex-wrap">
-              <span className="text-[11px] font-bold text-slate-500 w-14 pt-1 shrink-0">
-                {PRODUCT_LABEL[product] ?? product}
-              </span>
-              {caps.map((c) => {
-                const key = makeSourceKey(c.source, c.product);
-                const checked = effectiveSelected.has(key);
-                const theme = SOURCE_THEME[c.source];
-                return (
-                  <label
-                    key={key}
-                    className={`inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full border cursor-pointer text-[11px] font-medium transition-colors ${
-                      checked
-                        ? `${theme?.badge ?? 'bg-slate-100 text-slate-700'} border-transparent`
-                        : 'bg-slate-50 text-slate-400 border-slate-200'
-                    }`}
-                  >
-                    <input
-                      type="checkbox"
-                      checked={checked}
-                      onChange={() => toggleSource(key)}
-                      className="w-3 h-3"
-                    />
-                    {theme?.label ?? c.source}
-                    {c.subtypes.length > 0 && (
-                      <span className="opacity-60">
-                        ({c.subtypes.join('/')})
-                      </span>
-                    )}
-                  </label>
-                );
-              })}
-            </div>
-          ))}
-        </div>
-      </div>
 
-      {/* ── 执行检索 ── */}
-      <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
-        <button
-          onClick={handleSearch}
-          disabled={unifiedSearching || targets.length === 0}
-          className="px-4 py-2 bg-slate-900 text-white text-xs font-bold rounded-lg hover:bg-slate-800 disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed flex items-center gap-2"
-        >
-          {unifiedSearching ? (
-            <Loader2 className="w-4 h-4 animate-spin" />
-          ) : (
-            <Globe className="w-4 h-4" />
+        {/* ── 目标输入区 ── */}
+        <div className="space-y-3">
+          {inputMode === 'coordinates' && (
+            <div className="space-y-1.5 flex flex-col">
+              <label className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary block">
+                坐标列表（每行：ra,dec 或 ra,dec,radius；支持空格/逗号分隔）
+              </label>
+              <textarea
+                value={coordsText}
+                onChange={(e) => setCoordsText(e.target.value)}
+                placeholder={'10.6847,41.2687,M31\n40.0,-5.0'}
+                rows={5}
+                className="w-full px-2.5 py-2 rounded-md bg-sunken border border-default text-content placeholder-tertiary focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-surface transition-all text-xs font-mono resize-y"
+              />
+              <p className="text-[11px] text-tertiary font-semibold">
+                已识别 {targets.length} 个目标
+              </p>
+            </div>
           )}
-          统一检索 {targets.length > 0 && `(${targets.length} 目标)`}
-        </button>
-        {unifiedResult && (
-          <span className="text-xs text-slate-600">
-            共 {unifiedResult.groups.length} 个源组合，
-            {unifiedResult.total_candidates} 个候选源
-          </span>
-        )}
+
+          {inputMode === 'names' && (
+            <div className="space-y-1.5 flex flex-col">
+              <label className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary block">
+                天体名称列表（每行一个名称，如 M31 / NGC 1068 / GD 358）
+              </label>
+              <textarea
+                value={namesText}
+                onChange={(e) => setNamesText(e.target.value)}
+                placeholder={'M31\nNGC 1068\nGD 358'}
+                rows={5}
+                className="w-full px-2.5 py-2 rounded-md bg-sunken border border-default text-content placeholder-tertiary focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-surface transition-all text-xs font-mono resize-y"
+              />
+              <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+                <button
+                  onClick={handleResolveNames}
+                  disabled={resolving || !namesText.trim()}
+                  className="btn-console px-3 py-1.5 text-xs font-semibold rounded disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed flex items-center gap-1.5"
+                >
+                  {resolving ? (
+                    <Loader2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5 animate-spin" />
+                  ) : (
+                    <Search className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
+                  )}
+                  解析坐标
+                </button>
+                <span className="text-[11px] text-tertiary font-medium">
+                  通过 CDS SESAME 解析（带本地缓存）
+                </span>
+              </div>
+              {resolved.length > 0 && (
+                <div className="mt-2 border border-default rounded overflow-hidden">
+                  <table className="w-full text-[11px]">
+                    <thead className="bg-sunken text-secondary">
+                      <tr className="font-bold border-b border-default/60">
+                        <th className="text-left p-1.5">名称</th>
+                        <th className="text-left p-1.5">RA</th>
+                        <th className="text-left p-1.5">Dec</th>
+                        <th className="text-left p-1.5">光谱型</th>
+                        <th className="text-left p-1.5">V</th>
+                        <th className="text-left p-1.5">状态</th>
+                      </tr>
+                    </thead>
+                    <tbody>
+                      {resolved.map((r) => (
+                        <tr
+                          key={r.name}
+                          className="border-t border-subtle hover:bg-sunken/40"
+                        >
+                          <td className="p-1.5 font-mono">{r.name}</td>
+                          <td className="p-1.5 font-mono">
+                            {r.ra?.toFixed(4) ?? '—'}
+                          </td>
+                          <td className="p-1.5 font-mono">
+                            {r.dec?.toFixed(4) ?? '—'}
+                          </td>
+                          <td className="p-1.5">{r.spectral_type ?? '—'}</td>
+                          <td className="p-1.5">
+                            {r.v_magnitude?.toFixed(2) ?? '—'}
+                          </td>
+                          <td className="p-1.5">
+                            {r.error ? (
+                              <span className="text-danger">{r.error}</span>
+                            ) : (
+                              <CheckCircle2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-success" />
+                            )}
+                          </td>
+                        </tr>
+                      ))}
+                    </tbody>
+                  </table>
+                  <p className="text-[11px] text-secondary p-1.5 bg-sunken font-medium">
+                    成功解析 {resolved.filter((r) => !r.error).length} /{' '}
+                    {resolved.length}
+                  </p>
+                </div>
+              )}
+            </div>
+          )}
+
+          {inputMode === 'csv' && (
+            <div className="space-y-1.5 flex flex-col">
+              <label className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary block">
+                导入 CSV 文件（列名含 ra/dec，可选 name/radius；首行为表头）
+              </label>
+              <input
+                type="file"
+                accept=".csv,.tsv,.txt"
+                onChange={handleCsvUpload}
+                className="text-xs file:mr-3 file:py-1.5 file:px-3 file:rounded-md file:border file:border-default file:text-xs file:font-bold file:bg-sunken file:text-content hover:file:bg-surface transition-all"
+              />
+              <p className="text-[11px] text-tertiary font-medium">
+                导入后会自动转换为坐标列表显示（VOTable 暂不支持，请先转 CSV）
+              </p>
+            </div>
+          )}
+        </div>
+
+        {/* ── 公共参数 ── */}
+        <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-6 pt-2 border-t border-subtle">
+          <Field label="默认检索半径 (°)">
+            <input
+              type="number"
+              step="0.01"
+              min="0.0001"
+              max="30"
+              value={defaultRadius}
+              onChange={(e) => setDefaultRadius(e.target.value)}
+              className="w-36 px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-sunken border border-default text-content placeholder-tertiary focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-surface transition-all text-xs font-mono"
+            />
+          </Field>
+          <Field label="单源命中上限">
+            <input
+              type="number"
+              min="1"
+              max="500"
+              value={perTargetLimit}
+              onChange={(e) => setPerTargetLimit(e.target.value)}
+              className="w-36 px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-sunken border border-default text-content placeholder-tertiary focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-surface transition-all text-xs font-mono"
+            />
+          </Field>
+        </div>
+
+        {/* ── 源筛选 chip 组 ── */}
+        <div className="space-y-3 pt-3 border-t border-subtle">
+          <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
+            <label className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary">
+              检索源筛选（{effectiveSelected.size}/{allKeys.length} 个选择）
+            </label>
+            <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5">
+              <button
+                onClick={selectAllSources}
+                className="btn-console px-2 py-0.5 rounded text-[10px] font-bold bg-blueprint/15 text-blueprint border-blueprint/20 hover:bg-blueprint/25 transition-all"
+              >
+                全选
+              </button>
+              <button
+                onClick={clearSources}
+                className="btn-console px-2 py-0.5 rounded text-[10px] font-bold bg-sunken border border-default text-secondary hover:bg-surface hover:text-content transition-all"
+              >
+                清空
+              </button>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+          <div className="space-y-4">
+            {Array.from(sourcesByProduct.entries()).map(([product, nodes]) => (
+              <div
+                key={product}
+                className="flex flex-col gap-2.5 pb-3.5 border-b border-subtle/30 last:border-0"
+              >
+                <span className="text-[11px] font-extrabold text-secondary shrink-0 uppercase tracking-wider">
+                  {PRODUCT_LABEL[product] ?? product}
+                </span>
+                <div className="grid grid-cols-2 sm:grid-cols-3 md:grid-cols-5 gap-2 flex-1 mt-1">
+                  {nodes.map((node) => renderTreeNode(node))}
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            ))}
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        {/* ── 执行检索 ── */}
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-3 pt-3 border-t border-subtle">
+          <button
+            onClick={handleSearch}
+            disabled={unifiedSearching || targets.length === 0}
+            className="btn-console btn-console-primary px-4 py-2 text-xs font-bold rounded-lg disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed flex items-center gap-2"
+          >
+            {unifiedSearching ? (
+              <Loader2 className="w-4 h-4 animate-spin" />
+            ) : (
+              <Globe className="w-4 h-4" />
+            )}
+            统一检索 {targets.length > 0 && `(${targets.length} 目标)`}
+          </button>
+          {unifiedResult && (
+            <span className="text-xs text-secondary font-semibold">
+              共 {unifiedResult.groups.length} 个源组合，
+              {unifiedResult.total_candidates} 个候选源
+            </span>
+          )}
+        </div>
       </div>
 
       {/* ── 错误 ── */}
       {unifiedError && (
-        <div className="flex items-center gap-2 p-3 bg-rose-50 border border-rose-200 rounded-lg text-xs text-rose-700">
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-2 p-3 bg-rose-50 dark:bg-rose-500/10 border border-rose-200 dark:border-rose-500/30 rounded-lg text-xs text-rose-700 dark:text-rose-300">
           <AlertTriangle className="w-4 h-4 shrink-0" />
           {unifiedError}
         </div>
@@ -468,7 +946,7 @@ export function UnifiedSearchPanel({
       {/* ── 名称解析失败提示 ── */}
       {unifiedResult?.resolve_failures &&
         unifiedResult.resolve_failures.length > 0 && (
-          <div className="p-3 bg-amber-50 border border-amber-200 rounded-lg text-xs text-amber-700 space-y-1">
+          <div className="p-3 bg-amber-50 dark:bg-amber-500/10 border border-amber-200 dark:border-amber-500/30 rounded-lg text-xs text-amber-700 dark:text-amber-300 space-y-1">
             {unifiedResult.resolve_failures.map((f, i) => (
               <div key={i}>
                 <strong>{f.target_label}</strong>: {f.error}
@@ -483,6 +961,8 @@ export function UnifiedSearchPanel({
           groups={unifiedResult.groups}
           unifiedSelected={unifiedSelected}
           toggleUnifiedSelect={toggleUnifiedSelect}
+          onDownload={handleDownload}
+          downloading={downloading}
         />
       )}
 
@@ -490,8 +970,9 @@ export function UnifiedSearchPanel({
       {unifiedResult && unifiedResult.groups.length > 0 && (
         <UnifiedDownloadBar
           selectedCount={unifiedSelected.size}
-          onDownload={downloadUnifiedSelected}
+          onDownload={handleDownload}
           downloading={downloading}
+          results={downloadResults}
         />
       )}
     </div>
@@ -506,18 +987,105 @@ function UnifiedResultGroups({
   groups,
   unifiedSelected,
   toggleUnifiedSelect,
+  onDownload,
+  downloading,
 }: {
   groups: SourceCandidateGroup[];
   unifiedSelected: Set<string>;
   toggleUnifiedSelect: (key: string) => void;
+  onDownload: () => void;
+  downloading: boolean;
 }) {
+  const totalCandidatesCount = groups.reduce(
+    (acc, g) => acc + g.candidates.length,
+    0
+  );
+
+  const allKeys = useMemo(() => {
+    return groups.flatMap((g) => {
+      const groupKeyPrefix = [
+        g.source,
+        g.product.product,
+        g.product.subtype ?? '',
+        g.release ?? '',
+        g.version ?? '',
+      ].join('#');
+      return g.candidates.map((c) => `${groupKeyPrefix}#${c.source_id}`);
+    });
+  }, [groups]);
+
+  const isAllAllSelected = useMemo(() => {
+    return allKeys.length > 0 && allKeys.every((k) => unifiedSelected.has(k));
+  }, [allKeys, unifiedSelected]);
+
+  const selectAllAll = () => {
+    if (isAllAllSelected) {
+      allKeys.forEach((key) => {
+        if (unifiedSelected.has(key)) {
+          toggleUnifiedSelect(key);
+        }
+      });
+    } else {
+      allKeys.forEach((key) => {
+        if (!unifiedSelected.has(key)) {
+          toggleUnifiedSelect(key);
+        }
+      });
+    }
+  };
+
   return (
-    <div className="space-y-3">
+    <div className="space-y-4">
+      {/* 全局所有源控制面板 */}
+      {groups.length > 0 && (
+        <div className="console-panel rounded-lg p-3 bg-surface border border-subtle shadow-sm flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center justify-between gap-2.5 select-none animate-in fade-in duration-300">
+          <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+            <span className="font-extrabold text-[10px] text-content uppercase tracking-wider">
+              全部搜索候选源
+            </span>
+            <span className="text-[9px] font-bold bg-sunken px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full border border-subtle text-secondary">
+              已选 {unifiedSelected.size} 项 / 共 {totalCandidatesCount} 项
+            </span>
+          </div>
+          <div className="flex items-center gap-2.5">
+            <button
+              onClick={selectAllAll}
+              className={`px-3 py-1 rounded-full text-[10px] font-bold border transition-all cursor-pointer ${
+                isAllAllSelected
+                  ? 'bg-amber-500/10 text-amber-700 border-amber-500/30 hover:bg-amber-500/20 dark:text-amber-300 dark:border-amber-500/40'
+                  : 'bg-blueprint text-white border-blueprint hover:opacity-90'
+              }`}
+            >
+              {isAllAllSelected ? '取消全选所有源' : '全选所有源'}
+            </button>
+            <span className="text-border-subtle h-4 w-[1px] bg-border-subtle hidden sm:inline" />
+            <button
+              onClick={onDownload}
+              disabled={downloading || unifiedSelected.size === 0}
+              className="btn-console bg-emerald-600 border-emerald-600 text-white hover:bg-emerald-500 hover:border-emerald-500 px-3 py-1 text-[10px] font-bold rounded-full disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed flex items-center gap-1.5 cursor-pointer transition-all"
+            >
+              {downloading ? (
+                <Loader2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5 animate-spin" />
+              ) : (
+                <Download className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
+              )}
+              下载所选 ({unifiedSelected.size})
+            </button>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      )}
+
       {groups.map((g) => {
         const theme = SOURCE_THEME[g.source] ?? SOURCE_THEME.lamost;
         const productLabel =
           PRODUCT_LABEL[g.product.product] ?? g.product.product;
-        const groupKeyPrefix = `${g.source}#${g.product.product}#${g.product.subtype ?? ''}`;
+        const groupKeyPrefix = [
+          g.source,
+          g.product.product,
+          g.product.subtype ?? '',
+          g.release ?? '',
+          g.version ?? '',
+        ].join('#');
         const groupSelected = g.candidates.filter((c) =>
           unifiedSelected.has(`${groupKeyPrefix}#${c.source_id}`)
         ).length;
@@ -526,10 +1094,10 @@ function UnifiedResultGroups({
         return (
           <div
             key={groupKeyPrefix}
-            className="bg-white border border-slate-200 rounded-lg overflow-hidden"
+            className="console-panel rounded-lg overflow-hidden border border-subtle bg-surface"
           >
             {/* 分组头 */}
-            <div className="flex items-center justify-between px-3 py-2 bg-slate-50 border-b border-slate-200">
+            <div className="flex items-center justify-between px-3.5 py-2 bg-sunken border-b border-subtle">
               <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                 <span
                   className={`inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 px-2 py-0.5 rounded text-[11px] font-bold ${theme.badge}`}
@@ -537,15 +1105,24 @@ function UnifiedResultGroups({
                   <span className={`w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full ${theme.dot}`} />
                   {theme.label}
                 </span>
-                <span className="text-xs font-semibold text-slate-700">
+                <span className="text-xs font-semibold text-secondary">
                   {productLabel}
                   {g.product.subtype && (
-                    <span className="text-slate-400 ml-1">
+                    <span className="text-tertiary ml-1">
                       /{g.product.subtype}
                     </span>
                   )}
+                  {(g.release || g.version) && (
+                    <span className="text-blueprint ml-1 font-bold">
+                      (
+                      {[g.release?.toUpperCase(), g.version]
+                        .filter(Boolean)
+                        .join(' ')}
+                      )
+                    </span>
+                  )}
                 </span>
-                <span className="text-[11px] text-slate-500">
+                <span className="text-[11px] text-secondary">
                   {g.candidates.length} 个候选源
                 </span>
               </div>
@@ -561,60 +1138,71 @@ function UnifiedResultGroups({
                       toggleUnifiedSelect(k);
                   });
                 }}
-                className="text-[11px] text-slate-600 hover:text-slate-900 underline"
+                className={`px-2 py-0.5 rounded text-[9px] font-bold border transition-all cursor-pointer ${
+                  allSelected
+                    ? 'bg-blueprint/10 text-blueprint border-blueprint/30 hover:bg-blueprint/20'
+                    : 'bg-surface text-secondary border-subtle hover:bg-sunken hover:border-strong'
+                }`}
               >
                 {allSelected ? '取消全选' : '全选该源'}
               </button>
             </div>
             {/* 候选源表 */}
-            <table className="w-full text-[11px]">
-              <thead className="text-slate-500">
-                <tr>
-                  <th className="text-left p-1.5 w-8"></th>
-                  <th className="text-left p-1.5">source_id</th>
-                  <th className="text-left p-1.5">标签</th>
-                  <th className="text-left p-1.5">RA</th>
-                  <th className="text-left p-1.5">Dec</th>
-                  <th className="text-left p-1.5">距离</th>
-                </tr>
-              </thead>
-              <tbody>
-                {g.candidates.map((c) => {
-                  const key = `${groupKeyPrefix}#${c.source_id}`;
-                  const checked = unifiedSelected.has(key);
-                  return (
-                    <tr
-                      key={c.source_id}
-                      className="border-t border-slate-100 hover:bg-slate-50"
-                    >
-                      <td className="p-1.5">
-                        <input
-                          type="checkbox"
-                          checked={checked}
-                          onChange={() => toggleUnifiedSelect(key)}
-                          className="w-3 h-3"
-                        />
-                      </td>
-                      <td className="p-1.5 font-mono text-slate-800">
-                        {c.source_id}
-                      </td>
-                      <td className="p-1.5 text-slate-600 max-w-32 truncate">
-                        {c.label || '—'}
-                      </td>
-                      <td className="p-1.5 font-mono text-slate-600">
-                        {c.ra != null ? c.ra.toFixed(4) : '—'}
-                      </td>
-                      <td className="p-1.5 font-mono text-slate-600">
-                        {c.dec != null ? c.dec.toFixed(4) : '—'}
-                      </td>
-                      <td className="p-1.5 font-mono text-slate-500">
-                        {c.distance != null ? `${c.distance.toFixed(4)}°` : '—'}
-                      </td>
-                    </tr>
-                  );
-                })}
-              </tbody>
-            </table>
+            <div className="overflow-x-auto">
+              <table className="w-full text-[11px]">
+                <thead className="text-secondary select-none">
+                  <tr className="bg-surface/50 border-b border-subtle">
+                    <th className="text-left p-2.5 w-10"></th>
+                    <th className="text-left p-2.5">source_id</th>
+                    <th className="text-left p-2.5">标签</th>
+                    <th className="text-left p-2.5">RA</th>
+                    <th className="text-left p-2.5">Dec</th>
+                    <th className="text-left p-2.5">距离</th>
+                  </tr>
+                </thead>
+                <tbody>
+                  {g.candidates.map((c) => {
+                    const key = `${groupKeyPrefix}#${c.source_id}`;
+                    const checked = unifiedSelected.has(key);
+                    return (
+                      <tr
+                        key={c.source_id}
+                        onClick={() => toggleUnifiedSelect(key)}
+                        className={`border-b border-subtle last:border-b-0 hover:bg-sunken transition-colors cursor-pointer select-none ${
+                          checked ? 'bg-blueprint/[0.02]' : 'bg-surface'
+                        }`}
+                      >
+                        <td className="p-2.5">
+                          <input
+                            type="checkbox"
+                            checked={checked}
+                            readOnly
+                            className="w-3.5 h-3.5 accent-blueprint pointer-events-none"
+                          />
+                        </td>
+                        <td className="p-2.5 font-mono text-content">
+                          {c.source_id}
+                        </td>
+                        <td className="p-2.5 text-secondary max-w-32 truncate">
+                          {c.label || '—'}
+                        </td>
+                        <td className="p-2.5 font-mono text-secondary">
+                          {c.ra != null ? c.ra.toFixed(4) : '—'}
+                        </td>
+                        <td className="p-2.5 font-mono text-secondary">
+                          {c.dec != null ? c.dec.toFixed(4) : '—'}
+                        </td>
+                        <td className="p-2.5 font-mono text-secondary">
+                          {c.distance != null
+                            ? `${c.distance.toFixed(4)}°`
+                            : '—'}
+                        </td>
+                      </tr>
+                    );
+                  })}
+                </tbody>
+              </table>
+            </div>
           </div>
         );
       })}
@@ -630,25 +1218,20 @@ function UnifiedDownloadBar({
   selectedCount,
   onDownload,
   downloading,
+  results,
 }: {
   selectedCount: number;
-  onDownload: () => Promise<ObservationBatchResult[]>;
+  onDownload: () => void;
   downloading: boolean;
+  results: ObservationBatchResult[] | null;
 }) {
-  const [results, setResults] = useState<ObservationBatchResult[] | null>(null);
-
-  const handleDownload = useCallback(async () => {
-    const r = await onDownload();
-    setResults(r);
-  }, [onDownload]);
-
   return (
     <div className="space-y-3">
-      <div className="flex items-center gap-3 p-3 bg-slate-50 border border-slate-200 rounded-lg">
+      <div className="flex items-center gap-3 p-3 bg-sunken rounded-lg">
         <button
-          onClick={handleDownload}
+          onClick={onDownload}
           disabled={downloading || selectedCount === 0}
-          className="px-4 py-2 bg-emerald-600 text-white text-xs font-bold rounded-lg hover:bg-emerald-500 disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed flex items-center gap-2"
+          className="btn-console bg-emerald-600 border-emerald-600 text-white hover:bg-emerald-500 hover:border-emerald-500 px-4 py-2 text-xs font-bold rounded-lg disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed flex items-center gap-2 cursor-pointer transition-all"
         >
           {downloading ? (
             <Loader2 className="w-4 h-4 animate-spin" />
@@ -658,14 +1241,14 @@ function UnifiedDownloadBar({
           下载选中 ({selectedCount})
         </button>
         {results && results.length > 0 && (
-          <span className="text-xs text-slate-600">
+          <span className="text-xs text-secondary font-bold">
             完成 {results.length} 组下载
           </span>
         )}
       </div>
       {/* 多组结果卡片横向展示 */}
       {results && results.length > 0 && (
-        <div className="space-y-3">
+        <div className="space-y-3 animate-in fade-in duration-300">
           {results.map((r, i) => (
             <ObservationResultCard key={`${r.source}-${i}`} result={r} />
           ))}
@@ -695,8 +1278,8 @@ function ModeTab({
       onClick={onClick}
       className={`px-3 py-1.5 rounded-md text-xs font-bold flex items-center gap-1.5 transition-all ${
         active
-          ? 'bg-white text-slate-800 shadow-xs'
-          : 'text-slate-500 hover:text-slate-700'
+          ? 'bg-surface text-content shadow-xs'
+          : 'text-secondary hover:text-content'
       }`}
     >
       {icon}
@@ -713,8 +1296,8 @@ function Field({
   children: React.ReactNode;
 }) {
   return (
-    <div className="space-y-1">
-      <label className="text-[11px] font-semibold text-slate-600">
+    <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+      <label className="text-[11px] font-semibold text-secondary whitespace-nowrap">
         {label}
       </label>
       {children}
@@ -722,11 +1305,6 @@ function Field({
   );
 }
 
-/** 构造源筛选 chip 的稳定 key */
-function makeSourceKey(source: string, product: string): string {
-  return `${source}|${product}`;
-}
-
 /** 解析坐标列表文本（每行 ra,dec[,radius] 或 ra dec [radius]）*/
 function parseCoordsText(text: string, defaultRadius: number): TargetRequest[] {
   const targets: TargetRequest[] = [];
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/observation/constants.ts b/dashboard/src/components/observation/constants.ts
index 91c9966..80d72f8 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/observation/constants.ts
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/observation/constants.ts
@@ -7,52 +7,59 @@ import type { Candidate } from '../../types';
 
 // ── 数据源主题色（source 轴）──
 // 与 SOURCE_THEME 在 SpecialToolRenderers.tsx 的取色保持一致，统一视觉
+// 浅色用 *-100/*-700 徽章对；暗色用 */15 + *-300，保证暗底下仍有辨识度但不过亮
 export const SOURCE_THEME: Record<
   string,
   { badge: string; label: string; dot: string }
 > = {
   lamost: {
-    badge: 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700',
+    badge:
+      'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700 dark:bg-amber-500/15 dark:text-amber-300',
     label: 'LAMOST',
     dot: 'bg-amber-500',
   },
   gaia: {
-    badge: 'bg-sky-100 text-sky-700',
+    badge: 'bg-sky-100 text-sky-700 dark:bg-sky-500/15 dark:text-sky-300',
     label: 'Gaia',
     dot: 'bg-sky-500',
   },
   sdss: {
-    badge: 'bg-indigo-100 text-indigo-700',
+    badge:
+      'bg-indigo-100 text-indigo-700 dark:bg-indigo-500/15 dark:text-indigo-300',
     label: 'SDSS',
     dot: 'bg-indigo-500',
   },
   desi: {
-    badge: 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700',
+    badge:
+      'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700 dark:bg-emerald-500/15 dark:text-emerald-300',
     label: 'DESI',
     dot: 'bg-emerald-500',
   },
   twomass: {
-    badge: 'bg-orange-100 text-orange-700',
+    badge:
+      'bg-orange-100 text-orange-700 dark:bg-orange-500/15 dark:text-orange-300',
     label: '2MASS',
     dot: 'bg-orange-500',
   },
   allwise: {
-    badge: 'bg-rose-100 text-rose-700',
+    badge: 'bg-rose-100 text-rose-700 dark:bg-rose-500/15 dark:text-rose-300',
     label: 'AllWISE',
     dot: 'bg-rose-500',
   },
   panstarrs: {
-    badge: 'bg-cyan-100 text-cyan-700',
+    badge: 'bg-cyan-100 text-cyan-700 dark:bg-cyan-500/15 dark:text-cyan-300',
     label: 'Pan-STARRS',
     dot: 'bg-cyan-500',
   },
   ztf: {
-    badge: 'bg-fuchsia-100 text-fuchsia-700',
+    badge:
+      'bg-fuchsia-100 text-fuchsia-700 dark:bg-fuchsia-500/15 dark:text-fuchsia-300',
     label: 'ZTF',
     dot: 'bg-fuchsia-500',
   },
   tess: {
-    badge: 'bg-violet-100 text-violet-700',
+    badge:
+      'bg-violet-100 text-violet-700 dark:bg-violet-500/15 dark:text-violet-300',
     label: 'TESS',
     dot: 'bg-violet-500',
   },
@@ -217,20 +224,26 @@ export interface TargetRequest {
   label?: string;
 }
 
+export interface UnifiedSourceSpec {
+  source: string;
+  product: ProductSpec;
+  release?: string;
+  version?: string;
+}
+
 /// 统一检索请求体
 export interface UnifiedSearchRequest {
   targets: TargetRequest[];
-  /// None/空 = 全部已注册源；非空 = 仅这些 (source, product)
-  sources?: [string, ProductSpec][];
-  release?: string;
-  version?: string;
-  per_target_limit?: number; // 默认 50
+  sources?: UnifiedSourceSpec[];
+  per_target_limit?: number; // 默认 1
 }
 
-/// 一个 (source, product) 的聚合候选源组
+/// 一个 (source, product, release, version) 的聚合候选源组
 export interface SourceCandidateGroup {
   source: string;
   product: ProductSpec;
+  release?: string;
+  version?: string;
   candidates: Candidate[];
 }
 
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/reader/BilingualViewer.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/reader/BilingualViewer.tsx
index fce02cd..f08dd8c 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/reader/BilingualViewer.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/reader/BilingualViewer.tsx
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ interface BilingualViewerProps {
   highlightCandidates: HighlightCandidate[];
   hoveredTarget: TargetInfo | null;
   hoverCardPos: { x: number; y: number; isAbove?: boolean } | null;
+  selectedParagraphIdx?: number | null;
   children?: React.ReactNode;
 }
 
@@ -67,35 +68,56 @@ function PaperMetadataDossier({
   return (
     <div
       id={id}
-      className="mb-3 sm:mb-6 rounded-lg p-3 sm:p-5 bg-slate-50 border border-slate-200 relative overflow-hidden select-text"
+      className="mb-3 sm:mb-6 rounded-lg p-3 sm:p-5 bg-sunken relative overflow-hidden select-text"
     >
-      {/* 科技风背景线段装饰 - 极细学术边框线 */}
-      <div className="absolute top-0 right-0 w-16 h-16 bg-slate-100/50 pointer-events-none border-l border-b border-slate-200/60" />
+      {/* 科技感文献折角装饰 (Realistic folded page corner) */}
+      <svg
+        className="absolute top-0 right-0 w-8 h-8 pointer-events-none z-10 select-none"
+        viewBox="0 0 32 32"
+        fill="none"
+      >
+        {/* 用背景色遮罩掉原卡片的直角部分 */}
+        <path d="M 0 0 L 32 0 L 32 32 Z" fill="var(--bg-app)" />
+        {/* 折角阴影 */}
+        <path
+          d="M 0 0 L 0 32 L 32 32 Z"
+          fill="rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06)"
+          className="dark:fill-[rgba(0,0,0,0.3)]"
+        />
+        {/* 折角页本身 */}
+        <path
+          d="M 0 0 L 0 32 L 32 32 Z"
+          fill="var(--bg-surface)"
+          stroke="var(--border-strong)"
+          strokeWidth="0.8"
+          strokeLinejoin="round"
+        />
+      </svg>
 
       {/* 顶部档案标徽 */}
       <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-2 sm:mb-3 select-none">
-        <span className="inline-flex items-center px-2 py-0.5 rounded text-[9px] font-bold bg-slate-700 text-white uppercase tracking-wider">
+        <span className="inline-flex items-center px-2 py-0.5 rounded text-[9px] font-bold bg-elevated text-content uppercase tracking-wider">
           {isChinese ? '文献元数据档案' : 'Paper Metadata Dossier'}
         </span>
         {metadata.date && (
-          <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-slate-400 font-mono">
+          <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-tertiary font-mono">
             Year: {metadata.date}
           </span>
         )}
       </div>
 
       {/* 标题 */}
-      <h1 className="text-sm font-bold text-slate-900 leading-snug mb-1.5 sm:mb-3 select-text">
+      <h1 className="text-sm font-bold text-content leading-snug mb-1.5 sm:mb-3 select-text">
         {metadata.title}
       </h1>
 
       {/* 作者群 */}
       {metadata.author && metadata.author.length > 0 && (
-        <div className="text-xs text-slate-600 mb-2 sm:mb-4 font-medium leading-relaxed select-text">
-          <span className="text-slate-400 font-semibold mr-1">
+        <div className="text-xs text-secondary mb-2 sm:mb-4 font-medium leading-relaxed select-text">
+          <span className="text-tertiary font-semibold mr-1">
             {isChinese ? '作者群体:' : 'Authors:'}
           </span>
-          <span className="italic text-slate-750">
+          <span className="italic text-secondary">
             {metadata.author.join(', ')}
           </span>
         </div>
@@ -103,11 +125,11 @@ function PaperMetadataDossier({
 
       {/* 底部期刊与跳转 ADS 按钮 */}
       <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center justify-between gap-2 sm:gap-3 pt-2 sm:pt-3 border-t border-slate-200/60 select-none">
-        <div className="text-[10px] text-slate-500 font-semibold">
-          <span className="text-slate-400 mr-1">
+        <div className="text-[10px] text-secondary font-semibold">
+          <span className="text-tertiary mr-1">
             {isChinese ? '发表期刊/预印本:' : 'Publisher:'}
           </span>
-          <span className="text-slate-700">
+          <span className="text-secondary">
             {metadata.publisher || 'arXiv Preprint'}
           </span>
         </div>
@@ -117,7 +139,7 @@ function PaperMetadataDossier({
             href={metadata.source}
             target="_blank"
             rel="noopener noreferrer"
-            className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 text-[10px] font-extrabold px-3 py-1 rounded bg-sky-50 text-sky-700 border border-sky-200 hover:bg-sky-100 hover:text-sky-850 transition-all cursor-pointer shadow-xs active:scale-95"
+            className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 text-[10px] font-extrabold px-3 py-1 rounded bg-sky-50 dark:bg-sky-500/10 text-sky-700 dark:text-sky-300 border border-sky-200 dark:border-sky-500/30 hover:bg-sky-100 hover:text-content transition-all cursor-pointer active:scale-95"
             title="在 NASA ADS 官方文献数据库中查看源页面"
           >
             <span>ADS NASA Portal</span>
@@ -153,6 +175,7 @@ export function BilingualViewer({
   highlightCandidates,
   hoveredTarget,
   hoverCardPos,
+  selectedParagraphIdx = null,
   children,
 }: BilingualViewerProps) {
   // 监测屏幕宽度以判断是否在平板设备上（宽度 < 1024px）
@@ -290,18 +313,18 @@ export function BilingualViewer({
         <div
           onMouseOver={handleMouseOver}
           onMouseLeave={handleContainerMouseLeave}
-          className="console-panel rounded-lg px-3 pt-3 pb-2 sm:p-6 bg-white border border-slate-200 relative flex flex-col min-h-0 overflow-hidden"
+          className="console-panel rounded-lg px-3 pt-3 pb-2 sm:p-6 bg-surface relative flex flex-col min-h-0 overflow-hidden"
         >
-          <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-2 sm:mb-4 border-b border-slate-100 pb-1.5 sm:pb-2.5 shrink-0 select-none">
+          <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-2 sm:mb-4 border-b border-subtle pb-1.5 sm:pb-2.5 shrink-0 select-none">
             <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-              <span className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-800">
+              <span className="text-xs font-bold text-content">
                 英文解析正文
               </span>
               {selectedPaper.has_pdf && (
                 <button
                   type="button"
                   onClick={() => setShowPdf(!showPdf)}
-                  className="text-[9px] font-bold px-2 py-0.5 rounded bg-slate-50 text-blueprint border border-slate-200 hover:bg-slate-100 transition-all cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-1"
+                  className="text-[9px] font-bold px-2 py-0.5 rounded bg-sunken text-blueprint  hover:bg-sunken transition-all cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-1"
                 >
                   {showPdf ? (
                     <>
@@ -318,21 +341,21 @@ export function BilingualViewer({
           </div>
 
           {showPdf ? (
-            <div className="flex-1 min-h-0 w-full rounded-lg overflow-hidden border border-slate-200 bg-slate-50">
+            <div className="flex-1 min-h-0 w-full rounded-lg overflow-hidden  bg-sunken">
               {pdfLoading ? (
-                <div className="flex flex-col items-center justify-center h-full text-slate-500 space-y-3">
-                  <Loader className="w-8 h-8 animate-spin text-sky-600" />
+                <div className="flex flex-col items-center justify-center h-full text-secondary space-y-3">
+                  <Loader className="w-8 h-8 animate-spin text-blueprint" />
                   <p className="text-xs font-bold">正在加载 PDF 文献...</p>
                 </div>
               ) : pdfError ? (
-                <div className="flex flex-col items-center justify-center h-full text-slate-500 space-y-3">
-                  <p className="text-xs font-bold text-rose-600">
+                <div className="flex flex-col items-center justify-center h-full text-secondary space-y-3">
+                  <p className="text-xs font-bold text-danger">
                     PDF 加载失败: {pdfError}
                   </p>
                   <button
                     type="button"
                     onClick={() => loadPdfBlob(selectedPaper.bibcode)}
-                    className="text-[10px] font-bold px-3 py-1 rounded bg-sky-50 text-sky-700 border border-sky-200 hover:bg-sky-100 cursor-pointer"
+                    className="text-[10px] font-bold px-3 py-1 rounded bg-sky-50 dark:bg-sky-500/10 text-sky-700 dark:text-sky-300 border border-sky-200 dark:border-sky-500/30 hover:bg-sky-100 cursor-pointer"
                   >
                     重试
                   </button>
@@ -346,8 +369,8 @@ export function BilingualViewer({
               ) : null}
             </div>
           ) : parsing ? (
-            <div className="flex-1 flex flex-col items-center justify-center text-slate-500 space-y-3">
-              <Loader className="w-8 h-8 animate-spin text-sky-600" />
+            <div className="flex-1 flex flex-col items-center justify-center text-secondary space-y-3">
+              <Loader className="w-8 h-8 animate-spin text-blueprint" />
               <p className="text-xs font-bold text-center">
                 正在提取源文献正文排版，并转换至 Markdown 排版...
               </p>
@@ -358,7 +381,7 @@ export function BilingualViewer({
               onScroll={handleEnglishScroll}
               className="flex-1 overflow-y-auto pr-1 scrollbar-thin"
             >
-              <div className="prose prose-sm max-w-none leading-relaxed text-slate-800 prose-headings:text-slate-900 prose-headings:font-bold prose-strong:text-slate-900 prose-code:text-sky-700 prose-blockquote:border-slate-300 prose-blockquote:text-slate-500 prose-img:max-w-full prose-img:rounded-lg prose-p:my-1.5 sm:prose-p:my-3 prose-headings:my-2 sm:prose-headings:my-4">
+              <div className="prose prose-sm max-w-none leading-relaxed text-content prose-headings:text-content prose-headings:font-bold prose-strong:text-content prose-code:text-blueprint prose-blockquote:border-subtle prose-blockquote:text-secondary prose-img:max-w-full prose-img:rounded-lg prose-p:my-1.5 sm:prose-p:my-3 prose-headings:my-2 sm:prose-headings:my-4">
                 {/* 渲染英文元数据档案面板 */}
                 {engMeta && (
                   <PaperMetadataDossier
@@ -372,19 +395,37 @@ export function BilingualViewer({
                   const matchedNote = notes.find(
                     (n) => n.paragraph_index === idx
                   );
+                  const isFocused = selectedParagraphIdx === idx;
                   const highlightStyle = matchedNote
                     ? NOTE_COLORS[matchedNote.highlight_color]
                     : null;
+
+                  let leftBorderClass = 'border-l-transparent';
+                  if (isFocused) {
+                    leftBorderClass = 'border-l-blueprint';
+                  } else if (matchedNote) {
+                    if (matchedNote.highlight_color === 'green')
+                      leftBorderClass = 'border-l-emerald-500';
+                    else if (matchedNote.highlight_color === 'cyan')
+                      leftBorderClass = 'border-l-cyan-500';
+                    else if (matchedNote.highlight_color === 'amber')
+                      leftBorderClass = 'border-l-amber-500';
+                    else if (matchedNote.highlight_color === 'purple')
+                      leftBorderClass = 'border-l-purple-500';
+                  }
+
+                  const cardStyles = isFocused
+                    ? 'bg-blueprint/5 dark:bg-blueprint/15 border border-blueprint/20 rounded-r-md shadow-xs'
+                    : highlightStyle
+                      ? `${highlightStyle.bg} border border-slate-200 dark:border-slate-800/40 rounded-r-md`
+                      : 'hover:bg-sunken border border-transparent';
+
                   return (
                     <div
                       key={idx}
                       id={`paragraph-block-${idx}`}
                       onMouseUp={() => handleTextSelection(idx)}
-                      className={`cursor-text relative rounded px-1.5 -mx-1.5 py-1 transition-colors duration-200 ${
-                        highlightStyle
-                          ? `${highlightStyle.bg} ${highlightStyle.border} border`
-                          : 'hover:bg-slate-100'
-                      }`}
+                      className={`cursor-text relative px-3.5 -mx-1.5 py-2 transition-all duration-300 border-l-4 ${leftBorderClass} ${cardStyles}`}
                     >
                       <ReactMarkdown
                         remarkPlugins={[remarkMath, remarkGfm]}
@@ -401,7 +442,7 @@ export function BilingualViewer({
                               );
                               return (
                                 <span
-                                  className="celestial-target cursor-pointer font-bold text-sky-600 underline decoration-dotted decoration-2 hover:text-sky-850"
+                                  className="celestial-target cursor-pointer font-bold text-blueprint underline decoration-dotted decoration-2 hover:text-content"
                                   data-target-name={targetName}
                                 >
                                   {children}
@@ -411,7 +452,7 @@ export function BilingualViewer({
                             return (
                               <a
                                 href={href}
-                                className="text-sky-600 hover:underline"
+                                className="text-blueprint hover:underline"
                                 {...props}
                               >
                                 {children}
@@ -428,12 +469,12 @@ export function BilingualViewer({
               </div>
             </div>
           ) : (
-            <div className="flex-1 flex flex-col items-center justify-center text-slate-400 select-none">
-              <FileText className="w-12 h-12 mb-3 text-slate-300" />
-              <p className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-500">
+            <div className="flex-1 flex flex-col items-center justify-center text-tertiary select-none">
+              <FileText className="w-12 h-12 mb-3 text-tertiary" />
+              <p className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary">
                 本篇文献暂无已解析的英文源正文
               </p>
-              <p className="text-xs text-slate-400 mt-1">
+              <p className="text-xs text-tertiary mt-1">
                 请点击上方按钮提取文档结构正文
               </p>
             </div>
@@ -443,15 +484,15 @@ export function BilingualViewer({
 
       {/* 中文翻译视窗 (或双语对照) */}
       {(viewMode === 'chinese' || viewMode === 'bilingual') && (
-        <div className="console-panel rounded-lg px-3 pt-2 pb-3 sm:p-6 bg-white border border-slate-200 relative flex flex-col overflow-hidden min-h-0">
-          <div className="hidden sm:flex items-center justify-between mb-2 sm:mb-4 border-b border-slate-100 pb-1.5 sm:pb-2.5 shrink-0 select-none">
-            <span className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-800">
+        <div className="console-panel rounded-lg px-3 pt-2 pb-3 sm:p-6 bg-surface relative flex flex-col overflow-hidden min-h-0">
+          <div className="hidden sm:flex items-center justify-between mb-2 sm:mb-4 border-b border-subtle pb-1.5 sm:pb-2.5 shrink-0 select-none">
+            <span className="text-xs font-bold text-content">
               中文学术对比翻译
             </span>
           </div>
 
           {translating ? (
-            <div className="flex-1 flex flex-col items-center justify-center text-slate-500 space-y-3">
+            <div className="flex-1 flex flex-col items-center justify-center text-secondary space-y-3">
               <Loader className="w-8 h-8 animate-spin text-blueprint" />
               <p className="text-xs font-bold text-center">
                 天文学专属词典加载中，正在通过大模型进行术语修正翻译...
@@ -463,7 +504,7 @@ export function BilingualViewer({
               onScroll={handleChineseScroll}
               className="flex-1 overflow-y-auto pr-1 scrollbar-thin"
             >
-              <div className="prose prose-sm max-w-none leading-relaxed text-slate-800 prose-headings:text-slate-900 prose-strong:text-slate-900 prose-code:text-sky-700 prose-blockquote:border-slate-350 prose-img:max-w-full prose-img:rounded-lg prose-p:my-1.5 sm:prose-p:my-3 prose-headings:my-2 sm:prose-headings:my-4">
+              <div className="prose prose-sm max-w-none leading-relaxed text-content prose-headings:text-content prose-strong:text-content prose-code:text-blueprint prose-blockquote:border-subtle prose-img:max-w-full prose-img:rounded-lg prose-p:my-1.5 sm:prose-p:my-3 prose-headings:my-2 sm:prose-headings:my-4">
                 {/* 渲染中文元数据档案面板 */}
                 {mergedChnMeta && (
                   <PaperMetadataDossier
@@ -473,33 +514,63 @@ export function BilingualViewer({
                   />
                 )}
 
-                {splitParagraphs(chnPure).map((para: string, idx: number) => (
-                  <div
-                    key={idx}
-                    id={`paragraph-block-${idx}`}
-                    className="relative rounded px-1.5 -mx-1.5 py-1 transition-colors duration-200 hover:bg-slate-100"
-                  >
-                    <ReactMarkdown
-                      remarkPlugins={[remarkMath, remarkGfm]}
-                      rehypePlugins={[
-                        rehypeRaw,
-                        [rehypeSanitize, safeSchema],
-                        rehypeKatex,
-                      ]}
+                {splitParagraphs(chnPure).map((para: string, idx: number) => {
+                  const matchedNote = notes.find(
+                    (n) => n.paragraph_index === idx
+                  );
+                  const isFocused = selectedParagraphIdx === idx;
+                  const highlightStyle = matchedNote
+                    ? NOTE_COLORS[matchedNote.highlight_color]
+                    : null;
+
+                  let leftBorderClass = 'border-l-transparent';
+                  if (isFocused) {
+                    leftBorderClass = 'border-l-blueprint';
+                  } else if (matchedNote) {
+                    if (matchedNote.highlight_color === 'green')
+                      leftBorderClass = 'border-l-emerald-500';
+                    else if (matchedNote.highlight_color === 'cyan')
+                      leftBorderClass = 'border-l-cyan-500';
+                    else if (matchedNote.highlight_color === 'amber')
+                      leftBorderClass = 'border-l-amber-500';
+                    else if (matchedNote.highlight_color === 'purple')
+                      leftBorderClass = 'border-l-purple-500';
+                  }
+
+                  const cardStyles = isFocused
+                    ? 'bg-blueprint/5 dark:bg-blueprint/15 border border-blueprint/20 rounded-r-md shadow-xs'
+                    : highlightStyle
+                      ? `${highlightStyle.bg} border border-slate-200 dark:border-slate-800/40 rounded-r-md`
+                      : 'hover:bg-sunken border border-transparent';
+
+                  return (
+                    <div
+                      key={idx}
+                      id={`paragraph-block-${idx}`}
+                      className={`relative px-3.5 -mx-1.5 py-2 transition-all duration-300 border-l-4 ${leftBorderClass} ${cardStyles}`}
                     >
-                      {para}
-                    </ReactMarkdown>
-                  </div>
-                ))}
+                      <ReactMarkdown
+                        remarkPlugins={[remarkMath, remarkGfm]}
+                        rehypePlugins={[
+                          rehypeRaw,
+                          [rehypeSanitize, safeSchema],
+                          rehypeKatex,
+                        ]}
+                      >
+                        {para}
+                      </ReactMarkdown>
+                    </div>
+                  );
+                })}
               </div>
             </div>
           ) : (
-            <div className="flex-1 flex flex-col items-center justify-center text-slate-400 select-none">
-              <Languages className="w-12 h-12 mb-3 text-slate-300" />
-              <p className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-500">
+            <div className="flex-1 flex flex-col items-center justify-center text-tertiary select-none">
+              <Languages className="w-12 h-12 mb-3 text-tertiary" />
+              <p className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary">
                 本篇文献暂无已缓存的翻译结果
               </p>
-              <p className="text-xs text-slate-400 mt-1">
+              <p className="text-xs text-tertiary mt-1">
                 需点击上方“生成智能翻译”按钮启动大模型翻译
               </p>
             </div>
@@ -523,10 +594,10 @@ export function BilingualViewer({
               transform: hoverCardPos.isAbove ? 'translateY(-100%)' : 'none',
               zIndex: 9999,
             }}
-            className="bg-white rounded-lg p-4 border border-slate-350 shadow-sm w-72 text-[11px] space-y-2 pointer-events-auto select-text animate-in fade-in duration-200"
+            className="bg-surface rounded-lg p-4  shadow-sm w-72 text-[11px] space-y-2 pointer-events-auto select-text animate-in fade-in duration-200"
           >
-            <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-slate-200 pb-2">
-              <span className="font-bold text-slate-900 text-[13px]">
+            <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-subtle pb-2">
+              <span className="font-bold text-content text-[13px]">
                 {hoveredTarget.target_name}
               </span>
               <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 select-none">
@@ -534,7 +605,7 @@ export function BilingualViewer({
                   href={`https://simbad.cds.unistra.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=${encodeURIComponent(hoveredTarget.target_name)}`}
                   target="_blank"
                   rel="noopener noreferrer"
-                  className="text-[9px] font-extrabold bg-slate-100 hover:bg-slate-200 text-slate-700 hover:text-slate-900 px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded border border-slate-200 transition-all cursor-pointer"
+                  className="text-[9px] font-extrabold bg-sunken hover:bg-border-subtle text-secondary hover:text-content px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded  transition-all cursor-pointer"
                   title="在 SIMBAD 中查询该天体详情"
                 >
                   SIMBAD
@@ -543,59 +614,59 @@ export function BilingualViewer({
                   href={`https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR?-c=${encodeURIComponent(hoveredTarget.target_name)}`}
                   target="_blank"
                   rel="noopener noreferrer"
-                  className="text-[9px] font-extrabold bg-slate-100 hover:bg-slate-200 text-slate-700 hover:text-slate-900 px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded border border-slate-200 transition-all cursor-pointer"
+                  className="text-[9px] font-extrabold bg-sunken hover:bg-border-subtle text-secondary hover:text-content px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded  transition-all cursor-pointer"
                   title="在 VizieR 中查询相关文献和表数据"
                 >
                   VizieR
                 </a>
               </div>
             </div>
-            <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-x-2 gap-y-1.5 text-slate-600">
+            <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-x-2 gap-y-1.5 text-secondary">
               {/* 天体类型 & 官方名称 */}
               <div className="col-span-2 flex items-center gap-2">
                 {hoveredTarget.otype && (
-                  <span className="inline-flex items-center px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded bg-amber-50 text-amber-850 border border-amber-200/70 text-[9px] font-bold font-mono">
+                  <span className="inline-flex items-center px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded bg-amber-50 dark:bg-amber-500/10 text-amber-700 dark:text-amber-300 border border-amber-200/70 dark:border-amber-500/30 text-[9px] font-bold font-mono">
                     {hoveredTarget.otype}
                   </span>
                 )}
                 {hoveredTarget.oname &&
                   hoveredTarget.oname !== hoveredTarget.target_name && (
-                    <span className="text-[10px] text-slate-400 font-medium truncate">
+                    <span className="text-[10px] text-tertiary font-medium truncate">
                       aka {hoveredTarget.oname}
                     </span>
                   )}
               </div>
               {/* 坐标 */}
               <div>
-                <span className="text-slate-500 font-bold tracking-wide text-[9px] uppercase block">
+                <span className="text-secondary font-bold tracking-wide text-[9px] uppercase block">
                   RA (J2000)
                 </span>
-                <div className="font-mono font-bold text-slate-800">
+                <div className="font-mono font-bold text-content">
                   {hoveredTarget.ra || '未知'}
                 </div>
               </div>
               <div>
-                <span className="text-slate-500 font-bold tracking-wide text-[9px] uppercase block">
+                <span className="text-secondary font-bold tracking-wide text-[9px] uppercase block">
                   Dec (J2000)
                 </span>
-                <div className="font-mono font-bold text-slate-800">
+                <div className="font-mono font-bold text-content">
                   {hoveredTarget.dec || '未知'}
                 </div>
               </div>
               {/* 光谱型 & 视星等 */}
               <div>
-                <span className="text-slate-500 font-bold tracking-wide text-[9px] uppercase block">
+                <span className="text-secondary font-bold tracking-wide text-[9px] uppercase block">
                   光谱型
                 </span>
-                <div className="font-bold text-slate-800">
+                <div className="font-bold text-content">
                   {hoveredTarget.spectral_type || '未知'}
                 </div>
               </div>
               <div>
-                <span className="text-slate-500 font-bold tracking-wide text-[9px] uppercase block">
+                <span className="text-secondary font-bold tracking-wide text-[9px] uppercase block">
                   视星等 (V)
                 </span>
-                <div className="font-bold text-slate-800">
+                <div className="font-bold text-content">
                   {hoveredTarget.v_magnitude !== null &&
                   hoveredTarget.v_magnitude !== undefined
                     ? `${hoveredTarget.v_magnitude.toFixed(2)}`
@@ -604,10 +675,10 @@ export function BilingualViewer({
               </div>
               {/* 视差 + 误差 + 估算距离 */}
               <div className="col-span-2">
-                <span className="text-slate-500 font-bold tracking-wide text-[9px] uppercase block">
+                <span className="text-secondary font-bold tracking-wide text-[9px] uppercase block">
                   视差 / 估算距离
                 </span>
-                <div className="font-bold text-slate-800">
+                <div className="font-bold text-content">
                   {hoveredTarget.parallax !== null &&
                   hoveredTarget.parallax !== undefined
                     ? `${hoveredTarget.parallax.toFixed(2)}${hoveredTarget.parallax_err != null ? `±${hoveredTarget.parallax_err.toFixed(4)}` : ''} mas (~${(1000.0 / hoveredTarget.parallax).toFixed(1)} pc)`
@@ -616,10 +687,10 @@ export function BilingualViewer({
               </div>
               {/* 自行 */}
               <div className="col-span-2">
-                <span className="text-slate-500 font-bold tracking-wide text-[9px] uppercase block">
+                <span className="text-secondary font-bold tracking-wide text-[9px] uppercase block">
                   自行
                 </span>
-                <div className="font-bold text-slate-800 text-[10.5px]">
+                <div className="font-bold text-content text-[10.5px]">
                   {hoveredTarget.pm_ra != null && hoveredTarget.pm_de != null
                     ? `RA ${hoveredTarget.pm_ra.toFixed(3)}, Dec ${hoveredTarget.pm_de.toFixed(3)} mas/yr`
                     : '未知'}
@@ -627,10 +698,10 @@ export function BilingualViewer({
               </div>
               {/* 视向速度 */}
               <div className="col-span-2">
-                <span className="text-slate-500 font-bold tracking-wide text-[9px] uppercase block">
+                <span className="text-secondary font-bold tracking-wide text-[9px] uppercase block">
                   视向速度
                 </span>
-                <div className="font-bold text-slate-800">
+                <div className="font-bold text-content">
                   {hoveredTarget.radial_velocity != null
                     ? `${hoveredTarget.radial_velocity.toFixed(1)} km/s`
                     : '未知'}
@@ -641,15 +712,15 @@ export function BilingualViewer({
             {hoveredTarget.photometry &&
               Object.keys(hoveredTarget.photometry).length > 1 && (
                 <div className="border-t border-slate-200/60 pt-2">
-                  <span className="text-slate-500 font-bold tracking-wide text-[9px] uppercase block mb-1">
+                  <span className="text-secondary font-bold tracking-wide text-[9px] uppercase block mb-1">
                     多波段星等
                   </span>
-                  <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-x-2.5 gap-y-0.5 text-[10px] font-mono text-slate-600">
+                  <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-x-2.5 gap-y-0.5 text-[10px] font-mono text-secondary">
                     {Object.entries(hoveredTarget.photometry).map(
                       ([band, mag]) => (
                         <span key={band} className="whitespace-nowrap">
-                          <span className="text-slate-400">{band}</span>{' '}
-                          <span className="font-bold text-slate-700">
+                          <span className="text-tertiary">{band}</span>{' '}
+                          <span className="font-bold text-secondary">
                             {mag.toFixed(3)}
                           </span>
                         </span>
@@ -660,10 +731,10 @@ export function BilingualViewer({
               )}
             {hoveredTarget.aliases && hoveredTarget.aliases.length > 0 && (
               <div className="border-t border-slate-200/60 pt-2">
-                <span className="text-slate-500 font-bold tracking-wide text-[9px] uppercase block mb-0.5">
+                <span className="text-secondary font-bold tracking-wide text-[9px] uppercase block mb-0.5">
                   常用别名
                 </span>
-                <div className="text-[10px] text-slate-500 font-medium leading-relaxed max-h-[36px] overflow-y-auto scrollbar-thin font-mono">
+                <div className="text-[10px] text-secondary font-medium leading-relaxed max-h-[36px] overflow-y-auto scrollbar-thin font-mono">
                   {hoveredTarget.aliases.slice(0, 8).join(', ')}
                   {hoveredTarget.aliases.length > 8 && ' ...'}
                 </div>
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/reader/ReaderNotesSidebar.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/reader/ReaderNotesSidebar.tsx
index 783838f..31eef17 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/reader/ReaderNotesSidebar.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/reader/ReaderNotesSidebar.tsx
@@ -74,32 +74,32 @@ export function ReaderNotesSidebar({
       <button
         type="button"
         onClick={() => setShowNotesPanel(false)}
-        className="fixed inset-0 bg-slate-900/30 backdrop-blur-xs z-35 lg:hidden cursor-pointer w-full h-full border-none outline-none"
+        className="fixed inset-0 bg-black/30 backdrop-blur-xs z-35 lg:hidden cursor-pointer w-full h-full border-none outline-none"
         aria-label="关闭侧栏"
       />
 
-      <div className="console-panel rounded-lg border border-slate-200 bg-slate-50 flex flex-col overflow-hidden shadow-sm h-full fixed top-0 right-0 h-full w-[88vw] sm:w-[380px] z-40 lg:relative lg:top-auto lg:right-auto lg:h-full lg:w-auto lg:z-10">
-        <div className="px-4 py-3 border-b border-slate-200 flex items-center justify-between bg-white shrink-0">
-          <span className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-800">
+      <div className="console-panel rounded-lg  bg-sunken flex flex-col overflow-hidden shadow-sm h-full fixed top-0 right-0 h-full w-[88vw] sm:w-[380px] z-40 lg:relative lg:top-auto lg:right-auto lg:h-full lg:w-auto lg:z-10">
+        <div className="px-4 py-3 border-b border-subtle flex items-center justify-between bg-surface shrink-0">
+          <span className="text-xs font-bold text-content">
             {sidebarTab === 'notes' ? '观测记录手札' : '文献 AI 问答'}
           </span>
           <button
             onClick={() => setShowNotesPanel(false)}
-            className="text-slate-400 hover:text-slate-600 transition-colors cursor-pointer"
+            className="text-tertiary hover:text-secondary transition-colors cursor-pointer"
           >
             <X className="w-4 h-4" />
           </button>
         </div>
 
         {/* 标签栏选择器 */}
-        <div className="flex border-b border-slate-200 bg-white select-none shrink-0">
+        <div className="flex border-b border-subtle bg-surface select-none shrink-0">
           <button
             type="button"
             onClick={() => setSidebarTab('notes')}
             className={`flex-1 py-2 text-center text-xs font-bold transition-all border-b-2 cursor-pointer ${
               sidebarTab === 'notes'
                 ? 'border-blueprint text-blueprint'
-                : 'border-transparent text-slate-500 hover:text-slate-700'
+                : 'border-transparent text-secondary hover:text-secondary'
             }`}
           >
             观测手札 ({notes.length})
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ export function ReaderNotesSidebar({
             className={`flex-1 py-2 text-center text-xs font-bold transition-all border-b-2 cursor-pointer ${
               sidebarTab === 'ai'
                 ? 'border-blueprint text-blueprint'
-                : 'border-transparent text-slate-500 hover:text-slate-700'
+                : 'border-transparent text-secondary hover:text-secondary'
             }`}
           >
             文献 AI 问答
@@ -121,14 +121,14 @@ export function ReaderNotesSidebar({
         {sidebarTab === 'notes' ? (
           <div className="flex-1 flex flex-col overflow-hidden min-h-0">
             {/* 天体标识符列表 */}
-            <div className="px-4 py-3 border-b border-slate-200 bg-white space-y-2 shrink-0">
+            <div className="px-4 py-3 border-b border-subtle bg-surface space-y-2 shrink-0">
               <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
-                <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-slate-400 tracking-wider uppercase">
+                <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-tertiary tracking-wider uppercase">
                   关联天体 (CDS)
                 </span>
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 select-none">
                   {(loadingTargets || identifyingTargets) && (
-                    <Loader className="w-3 h-3 animate-spin text-slate-400" />
+                    <Loader className="w-3 h-3 animate-spin text-tertiary" />
                   )}
                   {selectedPaper.has_markdown && (
                     <button
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ export function ReaderNotesSidebar({
                         handleIdentifyTargets(selectedPaper.bibcode)
                       }
                       disabled={identifyingTargets || loadingTargets}
-                      className="text-[9px] font-bold px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded bg-sky-50 text-sky-700 border border-sky-200 hover:bg-sky-100 transition-all cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-0.5"
+                      className="text-[9px] font-bold px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded bg-sky-50 dark:bg-sky-500/10 text-sky-700 dark:text-sky-300 border border-sky-200 dark:border-sky-500/30 hover:bg-sky-100 transition-all cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-0.5"
                       title="从文献正文中自动识别天体目标并查询 CDS Sesame"
                     >
                       <Sparkles className="w-2.5 h-2.5" />
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ export function ReaderNotesSidebar({
               </div>
               <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-1.5 max-h-24 overflow-y-auto pr-1 scrollbar-thin">
                 {targets.length === 0 ? (
-                  <span className="text-[10px] text-slate-400 italic">
+                  <span className="text-[10px] text-tertiary italic">
                     暂无自动识别到的天体
                   </span>
                 ) : (
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ export function ReaderNotesSidebar({
                     >
                       {t.target_name}
                       {t.spectral_type && (
-                        <span className="text-slate-400 font-medium font-mono">
+                        <span className="text-tertiary font-medium font-mono">
                           ({t.spectral_type})
                         </span>
                       )}
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ export function ReaderNotesSidebar({
                   value={manualTargetName}
                   onChange={(e) => setManualTargetName(e.target.value)}
                   placeholder="手动关联天体(如 M 31)..."
-                  className="flex-1 bg-slate-50 border border-slate-200 rounded px-2.5 py-1 text-[10px] text-slate-900 placeholder-slate-400 leading-relaxed font-semibold focus:outline-none focus:bg-white focus:border-sky-500 focus:ring-1 focus:ring-sky-500/10"
+                  className="flex-1 bg-sunken border border-default  rounded px-2.5 py-1 text-[10px] text-content placeholder-tertiary leading-relaxed font-semibold focus:outline-none focus:bg-surface focus:border-blueprint focus:ring-1 focus:ring-blueprint/10"
                 />
                 <button
                   type="submit"
@@ -207,18 +207,18 @@ export function ReaderNotesSidebar({
 
             {/* 新建笔记输入区 */}
             {selectedParagraphIdx !== null && (
-              <div className="px-4 py-4 border-b border-slate-200 bg-white space-y-3 shrink-0">
-                <div className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-700">
+              <div className="px-4 py-4 border-b border-subtle bg-surface space-y-3 shrink-0">
+                <div className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary">
                   正在批注段落 #{selectedParagraphIdx + 1}
                 </div>
                 {selectedText && (
-                  <div className="text-xs text-slate-600 italic line-clamp-2 bg-slate-55 px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded border border-slate-200">
+                  <div className="text-xs text-secondary italic line-clamp-2 bg-sunken px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded ">
                     "{selectedText}"
                   </div>
                 )}
                 {/* 颜色标记 */}
                 <div className="flex gap-2 items-center">
-                  <span className="text-xs text-slate-500 font-semibold">
+                  <span className="text-xs text-secondary font-semibold">
                     标记色:
                   </span>
                   <div className="flex gap-1.5">
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ export function ReaderNotesSidebar({
                   onChange={(e) => setNewNoteText(e.target.value)}
                   placeholder="记录段落心得或重点..."
                   rows={3}
-                  className="w-full bg-white border border-slate-300 rounded-lg text-xs text-slate-900 placeholder-slate-400 px-3 py-2 resize-none focus:outline-none focus:border-sky-500 focus:ring-1 focus:ring-sky-500/10 leading-relaxed"
+                  className="w-full bg-surface border border-default  rounded-lg text-xs text-content placeholder-tertiary px-3 py-2 resize-none focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:ring-1 focus:ring-blueprint/10 leading-relaxed"
                 />
                 <div className="flex gap-2">
                   <button
@@ -270,8 +270,8 @@ export function ReaderNotesSidebar({
             {/* 笔记列表 */}
             <div className="flex-1 overflow-y-auto p-4 space-y-3 min-h-0 scrollbar-thin">
               {notes.length === 0 ? (
-                <div className="text-center text-slate-400 text-xs py-12 space-y-2 select-none">
-                  <Pencil className="w-8 h-8 mx-auto opacity-30 text-slate-500" />
+                <div className="text-center text-tertiary text-xs py-12 space-y-2 select-none">
+                  <Pencil className="w-8 h-8 mx-auto opacity-30 text-secondary" />
                   <div>选中文献正文的段落文字，即可在这里添加读书笔记。</div>
                 </div>
               ) : (
@@ -281,31 +281,31 @@ export function ReaderNotesSidebar({
                   return (
                     <div
                       key={note.id}
-                      className="p-4 rounded-lg border text-xs bg-white border-slate-200 relative group overflow-hidden"
+                      className="p-4 rounded-lg border text-xs bg-surface border-subtle relative group overflow-hidden"
                     >
                       {/* 彩色左标记条 */}
                       <div
                         className={`absolute left-0 top-0 w-1 h-full ${style.bg.split(' ')[0]}`}
                       />
 
-                      <div className="text-slate-500 text-[10px] font-bold mb-1">
+                      <div className="text-secondary text-[10px] font-bold mb-1">
                         段落批注 #{note.paragraph_index + 1}
                       </div>
                       {note.selected_text && (
-                        <div className="text-slate-505 italic line-clamp-2 mb-2 border-l-2 border-slate-200 pl-2">
+                        <div className="text-secondary italic line-clamp-2 mb-2 border-l-2 border-subtle pl-2">
                           "{note.selected_text}"
                         </div>
                       )}
-                      <p className="text-slate-800 leading-relaxed font-medium">
+                      <p className="text-content leading-relaxed font-medium">
                         {note.note_text}
                       </p>
-                      <div className="flex items-center justify-between mt-3 border-t border-slate-100 pt-2 text-[10px] select-none">
-                        <span className="text-slate-400 font-semibold">
+                      <div className="flex items-center justify-between mt-3 border-t border-subtle pt-2 text-[10px] select-none">
+                        <span className="text-tertiary font-semibold">
                           {note.created_at.split('T')[0]}
                         </span>
                         <button
                           onClick={() => handleDeleteNote(note.id)}
-                          className="text-slate-400 hover:text-red-600 transition-colors cursor-pointer"
+                          className="text-tertiary hover:text-red-600 transition-colors cursor-pointer"
                         >
                           <Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
                         </button>
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/reader/ReaderToolbar.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/reader/ReaderToolbar.tsx
index 4b6adf5..0246587 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/reader/ReaderToolbar.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/reader/ReaderToolbar.tsx
@@ -70,15 +70,15 @@ export function ReaderToolbar({
   const [showActionsMenu, setShowActionsMenu] = useState(false);
 
   return (
-    <div className="flex flex-col xl:flex-row xl:items-center xl:justify-between border-b border-slate-200 pb-3 shrink-0 gap-3">
+    <div className="flex flex-col xl:flex-row xl:items-center xl:justify-between border-b border-subtle pb-3 shrink-0 gap-3">
       <div className="min-w-0 w-full xl:flex-1 pr-0 xl:pr-4">
         <h2
-          className="text-sm font-bold text-slate-900 line-clamp-1 leading-snug"
+          className="text-sm font-bold text-content line-clamp-1 leading-snug"
           title={selectedPaper.title}
         >
           {selectedPaper.title}
         </h2>
-        <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-x-2 gap-y-1 text-xs text-slate-500 mt-1 font-semibold">
+        <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-x-2 gap-y-1 text-xs text-secondary mt-1 font-semibold">
           <span>发表期刊: {selectedPaper.pub_journal || '未标注'}</span>
           <span className="hidden sm:inline">•</span>
           <span>文献编码: {selectedPaper.bibcode}</span>
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ export function ReaderToolbar({
             className="btn-console btn-console-secondary px-2 sm:px-4 py-2 rounded-lg text-xs font-bold flex items-center gap-1 sm:gap-2 transition-all cursor-pointer shrink-0"
             title="快速切换文献"
           >
-            <BookOpen className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-sky-600" />
+            <BookOpen className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-blueprint" />
             <span className="hidden sm:inline">快速切换</span>
             <span className="sm:hidden">最近</span>
             <ChevronDown
@@ -107,12 +107,12 @@ export function ReaderToolbar({
                 className="fixed inset-0 z-45"
                 onClick={() => setShowSwitchMenu(false)}
               />
-              <div className="absolute left-0 xl:right-0 xl:left-auto mt-1.5 w-72 rounded-md bg-white border border-slate-200 shadow-md py-1 z-50 text-xs max-h-96 overflow-y-auto scrollbar-thin">
+              <div className="absolute left-0 xl:right-0 xl:left-auto mt-1.5 w-72 rounded-md bg-surface shadow-md py-1 z-50 text-xs max-h-96 overflow-y-auto scrollbar-thin">
                 {/* 最近阅读部分 */}
                 {recentlySelected.length > 0 && (
-                  <div className="border-b border-slate-100 pb-1.5 mb-1.5">
-                    <div className="px-3 py-1 text-[10px] font-bold text-slate-400 uppercase flex items-center gap-1">
-                      <History className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-slate-400" />
+                  <div className="border-b border-subtle pb-1.5 mb-1.5">
+                    <div className="px-3 py-1 text-[10px] font-bold text-tertiary uppercase flex items-center gap-1">
+                      <History className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-tertiary" />
                       <span>最近阅读</span>
                     </div>
                     {recentlySelected.map((paper) => (
@@ -122,16 +122,16 @@ export function ReaderToolbar({
                           onSwitchPaper(paper);
                           setShowSwitchMenu(false);
                         }}
-                        className={`w-full px-3 py-2 text-left hover:bg-slate-50 transition-colors flex flex-col gap-0.5 border-l-2 ${
+                        className={`w-full px-3 py-2 text-left hover:bg-sunken transition-colors flex flex-col gap-0.5 border-l-2 ${
                           paper.bibcode === selectedPaper.bibcode
                             ? 'border-blueprint bg-blueprint/5 text-blueprint font-bold'
-                            : 'border-transparent text-slate-700 font-medium'
+                            : 'border-transparent text-secondary font-medium'
                         }`}
                       >
                         <span className="truncate block leading-tight text-left">
                           {paper.title}
                         </span>
-                        <span className="text-[9px] text-slate-400 font-semibold font-mono text-left">
+                        <span className="text-[9px] text-tertiary font-semibold font-mono text-left">
                           {paper.bibcode}
                         </span>
                       </button>
@@ -141,12 +141,12 @@ export function ReaderToolbar({
 
                 {/* 全部馆藏已下载文献 */}
                 <div>
-                  <div className="px-3 py-1 text-[10px] font-bold text-slate-400 uppercase flex items-center gap-1">
-                    <FileText className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-slate-400" />
+                  <div className="px-3 py-1 text-[10px] font-bold text-tertiary uppercase flex items-center gap-1">
+                    <FileText className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-tertiary" />
                     <span>全部已下载馆藏</span>
                   </div>
                   {library.filter((p) => p.is_downloaded).length === 0 ? (
-                    <div className="px-3 py-2 text-slate-400 italic">
+                    <div className="px-3 py-2 text-tertiary italic">
                       暂无已下载文献
                     </div>
                   ) : (
@@ -159,16 +159,16 @@ export function ReaderToolbar({
                             onSwitchPaper(paper);
                             setShowSwitchMenu(false);
                           }}
-                          className={`w-full px-3 py-2 text-left hover:bg-slate-50 transition-colors flex flex-col gap-0.5 border-l-2 ${
+                          className={`w-full px-3 py-2 text-left hover:bg-sunken transition-colors flex flex-col gap-0.5 border-l-2 ${
                             paper.bibcode === selectedPaper.bibcode
                               ? 'border-blueprint bg-blueprint/5 text-blueprint font-bold'
-                              : 'border-transparent text-slate-700 font-medium'
+                              : 'border-transparent text-secondary font-medium'
                           }`}
                         >
                           <span className="truncate block leading-tight text-left">
                             {paper.title}
                           </span>
-                          <span className="text-[9px] text-slate-400 font-semibold font-mono text-left">
+                          <span className="text-[9px] text-tertiary font-semibold font-mono text-left">
                             {paper.bibcode}
                           </span>
                         </button>
@@ -182,14 +182,14 @@ export function ReaderToolbar({
 
         {/* 原文/中文/对照视图切换按钮 */}
         {(englishText || chineseText) && (
-          <div className="flex gap-0.5 sm:gap-1 bg-slate-100 p-0.5 rounded-lg border border-slate-200 shrink-0">
+          <div className="flex gap-0.5 sm:gap-1 bg-sunken p-0.5 rounded-lg  shrink-0">
             <button
               type="button"
               onClick={() => setViewMode('english')}
               className={`px-1.5 sm:px-2.5 py-1 rounded-md text-[10px] sm:text-xs font-bold transition-all cursor-pointer ${
                 viewMode === 'english'
-                  ? 'bg-white text-slate-800 shadow-sm'
-                  : 'text-slate-500 hover:text-slate-700'
+                  ? 'bg-surface text-content shadow-sm'
+                  : 'text-secondary hover:text-secondary'
               }`}
             >
               原文
@@ -199,8 +199,8 @@ export function ReaderToolbar({
               onClick={() => setViewMode('chinese')}
               className={`px-1.5 sm:px-2.5 py-1 rounded-md text-[10px] sm:text-xs font-bold transition-all cursor-pointer ${
                 viewMode === 'chinese'
-                  ? 'bg-white text-slate-800 shadow-sm'
-                  : 'text-slate-500 hover:text-slate-700'
+                  ? 'bg-surface text-content shadow-sm'
+                  : 'text-secondary hover:text-secondary'
               }`}
             >
               中文
@@ -210,8 +210,8 @@ export function ReaderToolbar({
               onClick={() => setViewMode('bilingual')}
               className={`px-1.5 sm:px-2.5 py-1 rounded-md text-[10px] sm:text-xs font-bold transition-all cursor-pointer ${
                 viewMode === 'bilingual'
-                  ? 'bg-white text-slate-800 shadow-sm'
-                  : 'text-slate-500 hover:text-slate-700'
+                  ? 'bg-surface text-content shadow-sm'
+                  : 'text-secondary hover:text-secondary'
               }`}
             >
               对照
@@ -234,10 +234,10 @@ export function ReaderToolbar({
             }}
             className={`hidden xl:flex px-3 py-1.5 rounded-lg text-xs font-bold items-center gap-1.5 border transition-all cursor-pointer ${
               showPdf
-                ? 'bg-slate-50 text-slate-400 border-slate-200 cursor-not-allowed opacity-70'
+                ? 'bg-sunken text-tertiary border-subtle cursor-not-allowed opacity-70'
                 : syncScroll
-                  ? 'bg-sky-50 text-sky-700 border-sky-200 shadow-sm'
-                  : 'bg-white text-slate-600 border-slate-200 hover:bg-slate-55'
+                  ? 'bg-sky-50 dark:bg-sky-500/10 text-sky-700 dark:text-sky-300 border-sky-200 dark:border-sky-500/30 shadow-sm'
+                  : 'bg-surface text-secondary border-subtle hover:bg-sunken'
             }`}
             title={
               showPdf
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ export function ReaderToolbar({
             }
           >
             <span
-              className={`w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full ${!showPdf && syncScroll ? 'bg-sky-500 animate-pulse' : 'bg-slate-300'}`}
+              className={`w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full ${!showPdf && syncScroll ? 'bg-sky-500 dark:bg-sky-400 animate-pulse' : 'bg-slate-300'}`}
             />
             <span>
               同步滚动：{showPdf ? 'PDF暂不支持' : syncScroll ? '开启' : '关闭'}
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ export function ReaderToolbar({
             className="btn-console btn-console-secondary px-2 sm:px-4 py-2 rounded-lg text-xs font-bold flex items-center gap-1 sm:gap-2 transition-all cursor-pointer shrink-0"
             title="更多文献操作"
           >
-            <SlidersHorizontal className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-sky-600" />
+            <SlidersHorizontal className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-blueprint" />
             <span className="hidden sm:inline">文献操作</span>
             <span className="sm:hidden">操作</span>
             <ChevronDown
@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@ export function ReaderToolbar({
                 className="fixed inset-0 z-45"
                 onClick={() => setShowActionsMenu(false)}
               />
-              <div className="absolute right-0 mt-1.5 w-max min-w-[145px] rounded-md bg-white border border-slate-200 shadow-md py-1 z-50 text-xs">
+              <div className="absolute right-0 mt-1.5 w-max min-w-[145px] rounded-md bg-surface shadow-md py-1 z-50 text-xs">
                 {/* 同步滚动 */}
                 {(englishText || chineseText) && viewMode === 'bilingual' && (
                   <button
@@ -403,11 +403,11 @@ export function ReaderToolbar({
                     className={`w-full text-left px-4 py-2 text-xs transition-colors flex items-center gap-2 font-medium cursor-pointer outline-none ${
                       syncScroll
                         ? 'bg-blueprint/5 text-blueprint font-bold border-l-2 border-blueprint'
-                        : 'text-slate-600 hover:bg-slate-50 hover:text-slate-900'
+                        : 'text-secondary hover:bg-sunken hover:text-content'
                     }`}
                   >
                     <span
-                      className={`w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full ${!showPdf && syncScroll ? 'bg-sky-500 animate-pulse' : 'bg-slate-355'}`}
+                      className={`w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full ${!showPdf && syncScroll ? 'bg-sky-500 dark:bg-sky-400 animate-pulse' : 'bg-border-subtle'}`}
                     />
                     <span>同步滚动：{syncScroll ? '已开启' : '已关闭'}</span>
                   </button>
@@ -421,9 +421,9 @@ export function ReaderToolbar({
                       setShowActionsMenu(false);
                     }}
                     disabled={parsing}
-                    className="w-full text-left px-4 py-2 text-xs transition-colors flex items-center gap-2 text-slate-600 hover:bg-slate-50 hover:text-slate-900 font-medium cursor-pointer outline-none"
+                    className="w-full text-left px-4 py-2 text-xs transition-colors flex items-center gap-2 text-secondary hover:bg-sunken hover:text-content font-medium cursor-pointer outline-none"
                   >
-                    <FileText className="w-4 h-4 text-slate-400" />
+                    <FileText className="w-4 h-4 text-tertiary" />
                     <span>{parsing ? '正文解析中...' : '解析源文正文'}</span>
                   </button>
                 ) : (
@@ -439,9 +439,9 @@ export function ReaderToolbar({
                       );
                     }}
                     disabled={parsing}
-                    className="w-full text-left px-4 py-2 text-xs transition-colors flex items-center gap-2 text-slate-600 hover:bg-slate-50 hover:text-slate-900 font-medium cursor-pointer outline-none"
+                    className="w-full text-left px-4 py-2 text-xs transition-colors flex items-center gap-2 text-secondary hover:bg-sunken hover:text-content font-medium cursor-pointer outline-none"
                   >
-                    <RotateCw className="w-4 h-4 text-slate-400" />
+                    <RotateCw className="w-4 h-4 text-tertiary" />
                     <span>重新解析正文</span>
                   </button>
                 )}
@@ -455,9 +455,9 @@ export function ReaderToolbar({
                         setShowActionsMenu(false);
                       }}
                       disabled={translating}
-                      className="w-full text-left px-4 py-2 text-xs transition-colors flex items-center gap-2 text-slate-600 hover:bg-slate-50 hover:text-slate-900 font-medium cursor-pointer outline-none"
+                      className="w-full text-left px-4 py-2 text-xs transition-colors flex items-center gap-2 text-secondary hover:bg-sunken hover:text-content font-medium cursor-pointer outline-none"
                     >
-                      <Languages className="w-4 h-4 text-slate-400" />
+                      <Languages className="w-4 h-4 text-tertiary" />
                       <span>{translating ? '翻译中...' : '生成智能翻译'}</span>
                     </button>
                   )}
@@ -475,9 +475,9 @@ export function ReaderToolbar({
                       );
                     }}
                     disabled={translating}
-                    className="w-full text-left px-4 py-2 text-xs transition-colors flex items-center gap-2 text-slate-600 hover:bg-slate-50 hover:text-slate-900 font-medium cursor-pointer outline-none"
+                    className="w-full text-left px-4 py-2 text-xs transition-colors flex items-center gap-2 text-secondary hover:bg-sunken hover:text-content font-medium cursor-pointer outline-none"
                   >
-                    <RotateCw className="w-4 h-4 text-slate-400" />
+                    <RotateCw className="w-4 h-4 text-tertiary" />
                     <span>重新生成翻译</span>
                   </button>
                 )}
@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ export function ReaderToolbar({
                       setShowActionsMenu(false);
                     }}
                     disabled={vectorizing}
-                    className="w-full text-left px-4 py-2 text-xs transition-colors flex items-center gap-2 text-slate-600 hover:bg-slate-50 hover:text-slate-900 font-medium cursor-pointer outline-none"
+                    className="w-full text-left px-4 py-2 text-xs transition-colors flex items-center gap-2 text-secondary hover:bg-sunken hover:text-content font-medium cursor-pointer outline-none"
                   >
                     <Sparkles className="w-4 h-4 text-amber-500" />
                     <span>{vectorizing ? '知识入库中...' : '知识入库'}</span>
@@ -510,9 +510,9 @@ export function ReaderToolbar({
                       );
                     }}
                     disabled={vectorizing}
-                    className="w-full text-left px-4 py-2 text-xs transition-colors flex items-center gap-2 text-slate-600 hover:bg-slate-50 hover:text-slate-900 font-medium cursor-pointer outline-none"
+                    className="w-full text-left px-4 py-2 text-xs transition-colors flex items-center gap-2 text-secondary hover:bg-sunken hover:text-content font-medium cursor-pointer outline-none"
                   >
-                    <RotateCw className="w-4 h-4 text-slate-400" />
+                    <RotateCw className="w-4 h-4 text-tertiary" />
                     <span>重新知识入库</span>
                   </button>
                 )}
@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ export function ReaderToolbar({
           }}
           className={`btn-console px-2 sm:px-4 py-2 rounded-lg text-xs font-bold flex items-center gap-1 sm:gap-2 transition-all cursor-pointer shrink-0 ${
             showNotesPanel
-              ? 'bg-sky-50 text-sky-700 border-sky-200 shadow-xs'
+              ? 'bg-sky-50 dark:bg-sky-500/10 text-sky-700 dark:text-sky-300 border-sky-200 dark:border-sky-500/30'
               : 'btn-console-secondary'
           }`}
           title="开启或关闭侧边学术助手（包含阅读手札与 AI 问答）"
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ export function ReaderToolbar({
           <span className="hidden sm:inline">学术助手</span>
           <span className="sm:hidden">助手</span>
           {notesCount > 0 && (
-            <span className="px-1.5 py-0.2 text-[9px] rounded-full bg-sky-100 text-sky-850 font-extrabold select-none shrink-0">
+            <span className="px-1.5 py-0.2 text-[9px] rounded-full bg-sky-100 text-content font-extrabold select-none shrink-0">
               {notesCount}
             </span>
           )}
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/sync/BatchPipelineCard.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/sync/BatchPipelineCard.tsx
index 39129fa..b0b133c 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/sync/BatchPipelineCard.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/sync/BatchPipelineCard.tsx
@@ -59,20 +59,20 @@ export function BatchPipelineCard({
   handleStopBatch,
 }: BatchPipelineCardProps) {
   return (
-    <div className="console-panel p-6 rounded-lg border border-slate-200 bg-white space-y-6 relative overflow-hidden shadow-sm">
+    <div className="console-panel p-6 rounded-lg  bg-surface space-y-6 relative overflow-hidden shadow-sm">
       <div className="flex flex-col gap-1 select-none">
-        <h3 className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-900 flex items-center gap-2">
-          <Download className="w-4 h-4 text-slate-700" />
+        <h3 className="text-xs font-bold text-content flex items-center gap-2">
+          <Download className="w-4 h-4 text-secondary" />
           <span>馆藏文献批量学术流水线任务</span>
         </h3>
-        <p className="text-slate-500 text-xs mt-0.5">
+        <p className="text-secondary text-xs mt-0.5">
           针对本地馆藏中的文献，批量发起正文 PDF/HTML 下载、Markdown
           结构化排版解析以及中英双语对照翻译。
         </p>
       </div>
 
       {batchError && (
-        <div className="p-4 rounded-md bg-rose-50 border border-rose-200/60 flex gap-3 text-xs text-rose-800 items-start">
+        <div className="p-4 rounded-md bg-rose-50 border border-rose-200/60 dark:bg-rose-500/10 dark:border-rose-500/30 flex gap-3 text-xs text-rose-800 dark:text-rose-300 items-start">
           <AlertTriangle className="w-4 h-4 shrink-0 mt-0.5" />
           <div>{batchError}</div>
         </div>
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ export function BatchPipelineCard({
       {/* 条件设置 */}
       <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-3 gap-6">
         <div className="space-y-2">
-          <label className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-700 block">
+          <label className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary block">
             目标阶段
           </label>
           <CustomSelect
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ export function BatchPipelineCard({
         </div>
 
         <div className="space-y-2">
-          <label className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-700 block">
+          <label className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary block">
             批量处理上限
           </label>
           <input
@@ -114,12 +114,12 @@ export function BatchPipelineCard({
             onChange={(e) =>
               setBatchLimitCount(Math.max(1, parseInt(e.target.value) || 0))
             }
-            className="w-full px-3 py-2 rounded-md bg-slate-50 border border-slate-300 text-slate-900 focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint transition-all text-xs font-medium"
+            className="w-full px-3 py-2 rounded-md bg-sunken text-content focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint transition-all text-xs font-medium"
           />
         </div>
 
         <div className="space-y-2">
-          <label className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-700 block">
+          <label className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary block">
             处理顺序
           </label>
           <CustomSelect
@@ -141,12 +141,12 @@ export function BatchPipelineCard({
       </div>
 
       {/* 执行策略 */}
-      <div className="space-y-2 border-t border-slate-100 pt-4">
-        <label className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-700 block">
+      <div className="space-y-2 border-t border-subtle pt-4">
+        <label className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary block">
           执行策略
         </label>
         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-2 md:grid-cols-4 gap-4 select-none">
-          <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs font-medium text-slate-700 cursor-pointer">
+          <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs font-medium text-secondary cursor-pointer">
             <input
               type="checkbox"
               checked={skipCompleted}
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ export function BatchPipelineCard({
             <span>跳过已完成</span>
           </label>
 
-          <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs font-medium text-slate-700 cursor-pointer">
+          <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs font-medium text-secondary cursor-pointer">
             <input
               type="checkbox"
               checked={skipFailed}
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ export function BatchPipelineCard({
             <span>跳过当前失败</span>
           </label>
 
-          <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs font-medium text-slate-700 cursor-pointer">
+          <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs font-medium text-secondary cursor-pointer">
             <input
               type="checkbox"
               checked={skipPrecedingFailed}
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ export function BatchPipelineCard({
             <span>跳过前置失败</span>
           </label>
 
-          <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs font-medium text-slate-700 cursor-pointer">
+          <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs font-medium text-secondary cursor-pointer">
             <input
               type="checkbox"
               checked={skipPrecedingUncompleted}
@@ -193,13 +193,13 @@ export function BatchPipelineCard({
       </div>
 
       {/* 控制按钮 */}
-      <div className="flex justify-end pt-2 border-t border-slate-100">
+      <div className="flex justify-end pt-2 border-t border-subtle">
         <div className="w-full md:w-1/3 flex">
           {batchStatus.active ? (
             <button
               type="button"
               onClick={handleStopBatch}
-              className="w-full py-2 rounded-md bg-rose-750 hover:bg-rose-855 text-white text-xs font-bold flex items-center justify-center gap-2 transition-all shadow-sm cursor-pointer"
+              className="w-full py-2 rounded-md bg-danger hover:opacity-90 text-white text-xs font-bold flex items-center justify-center gap-2 transition-all shadow-sm cursor-pointer"
             >
               <StopCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
               停止批量任务
@@ -219,9 +219,9 @@ export function BatchPipelineCard({
 
       {/* 进度与终端日志展示 */}
       {(batchStatus.active || batchStatus.total > 0) && (
-        <div className="space-y-4 pt-4 border-t border-slate-200">
+        <div className="space-y-4 pt-4 border-t border-subtle">
           <div className="space-y-1.5">
-            <div className="flex justify-between text-xs font-bold text-slate-600 select-none">
+            <div className="flex justify-between text-xs font-bold text-secondary select-none">
               <span className="flex items-center gap-1.5">
                 {batchStatus.action === 'download' && (
                   <Download className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-blueprint" />
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ export function BatchPipelineCard({
                   batchStatus.download_failed > 0) ||
                   (batchStatus.action !== 'download' &&
                     batchStatus.parse_failed > 0)) && (
-                  <span className="text-red-500 ml-2 font-bold">
+                  <span className="text-danger ml-2 font-bold">
                     (失败{' '}
                     {batchStatus.action === 'download'
                       ? batchStatus.download_failed
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ export function BatchPipelineCard({
                 )}
               </span>
             </div>
-            <div className="w-full h-2 rounded-md bg-slate-100 overflow-hidden border border-slate-200 select-none">
+            <div className="w-full h-2 rounded-md bg-sunken overflow-hidden  select-none">
               <div
                 className={`h-full transition-all duration-300 ${
                   batchStatus.action === 'download'
@@ -302,11 +302,11 @@ export function BatchPipelineCard({
           </div>
 
           {batchStatus.active && batchStatus.current_bibcode && (
-            <div className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-600 flex items-center gap-2">
+            <div className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary flex items-center gap-2">
               <Loader className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-blueprint animate-spin" />
               <span>
                 当前正在处理:{' '}
-                <code className="bg-slate-100 px-2 py-0.5 rounded-md font-mono font-bold text-slate-800 border border-slate-200 select-all">
+                <code className="bg-sunken px-2 py-0.5 rounded-md font-mono font-bold text-content  select-all">
                   {batchStatus.current_bibcode}
                 </code>
               </span>
@@ -315,15 +315,15 @@ export function BatchPipelineCard({
 
           {/* 滚动日志终端 */}
           <div className="space-y-2">
-            <label className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-700 block select-none">
+            <label className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary block select-none">
               实时处理日志流终端
             </label>
             <div
               ref={logsContainerRef}
-              className="bg-slate-50 text-slate-800 font-mono text-[11px] p-4 rounded-md h-48 overflow-y-auto border border-slate-250 space-y-1 scrollbar-thin scrollbar-thumb-slate-300 relative select-all"
+              className="bg-sunken text-content font-mono text-[11px] p-4 rounded-md h-48 overflow-y-auto  space-y-1 scrollbar-thin relative select-all"
             >
               {batchStatus.logs.length === 0 ? (
-                <div className="text-slate-400 italic select-none">
+                <div className="text-tertiary italic select-none">
                   等待数据流任务启动，暂无日志输出...
                 </div>
               ) : (
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/sync/BookmarkletToolCard.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/sync/BookmarkletToolCard.tsx
index 7192cc4..db11026 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/sync/BookmarkletToolCard.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/sync/BookmarkletToolCard.tsx
@@ -22,13 +22,13 @@ export function BookmarkletToolCard() {
   };
 
   return (
-    <div className="console-panel p-6 rounded-lg border border-slate-200 bg-white space-y-4 shadow-sm">
-      <div className="flex flex-col gap-1 border-b border-slate-100 pb-2 select-none">
-        <h3 className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-900 flex items-center gap-2">
+    <div className="console-panel p-6 rounded-lg  bg-surface space-y-4 shadow-sm">
+      <div className="flex flex-col gap-1 border-b border-subtle pb-2 select-none">
+        <h3 className="text-xs font-bold text-content flex items-center gap-2">
           <span className="w-2 h-2 rounded-full bg-blueprint" />
           <span>浏览器快捷直推书签导入工具</span>
         </h3>
-        <p className="text-slate-500 text-xs mt-1 leading-relaxed">
+        <p className="text-secondary text-xs mt-1 leading-relaxed">
           无需手动保存和拖拽上传！在您自己真实的浏览器上突破 Cloudflare/WAF
           人机验证或在学校内网成功打开 PDF/HTML
           页面后，点击此书签即可将文献直接推送同步到本地 AstroResearch
@@ -36,10 +36,10 @@ export function BookmarkletToolCard() {
         </p>
       </div>
 
-      <div className="space-y-3.5 text-xs text-slate-700">
+      <div className="space-y-3.5 text-xs text-secondary">
         <div className="space-y-1.5 font-bold select-none">
-          <span className="text-slate-500">第一步：安装书签到您的浏览器</span>
-          <p className="text-[11px] text-slate-400 font-normal mt-1 leading-relaxed">
+          <span className="text-secondary">第一步：安装书签到您的浏览器</span>
+          <p className="text-[11px] text-tertiary font-normal mt-1 leading-relaxed">
             将下方的按钮直接拖拽到浏览器的书签栏中；或者新建一个浏览器书签，将其
             URL 设为复制的 JavaScript 代码（点击右侧按钮复制）：
           </p>
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ export function BookmarkletToolCard() {
             {/* 可直接拖拽的链接按钮 */}
             <a
               ref={linkRef}
-              className="px-4 py-2 bg-blueprint hover:bg-slate-800 text-white rounded-md text-xs font-bold transition-all shadow-2xs cursor-move flex items-center gap-1.5"
+              className="px-4 py-2 bg-blueprint hover:opacity-90 text-white rounded-md text-xs font-bold transition-all shadow-sm cursor-move flex items-center gap-1.5"
               title="拖拽我到您的书签栏中"
               onClick={(e) => e.preventDefault()}
             >
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ export function BookmarkletToolCard() {
 
             <button
               onClick={handleCopyCode}
-              className="px-3 py-2 bg-slate-100 hover:bg-slate-200 text-slate-700 rounded-md text-[11px] font-bold transition-all cursor-pointer"
+              className="px-3 py-2 bg-sunken hover:bg-border-subtle text-secondary rounded-md text-[11px] font-bold transition-all cursor-pointer"
             >
               复制 JavaScript 书签代码
             </button>
@@ -77,23 +77,23 @@ export function BookmarkletToolCard() {
         </div>
 
         <div className="space-y-1.5 font-bold mt-4 select-none">
-          <span className="text-slate-500">第二步：如何使用书签直推？</span>
-          <ol className="list-decimal list-inside text-[11px] text-slate-500 font-normal pl-1 space-y-1.5 mt-1 leading-relaxed">
+          <span className="text-secondary">第二步：如何使用书签直推？</span>
+          <ol className="list-decimal list-inside text-[11px] text-secondary font-normal pl-1 space-y-1.5 mt-1 leading-relaxed">
             <li>
               点击详情弹窗内的{' '}
-              <span className="font-bold text-slate-750">
+              <span className="font-bold text-secondary">
                 BIBCODE / DOI / arXiv ID 链接
               </span>
               ；
             </li>
             <li>
               页面跳转至文献原始网页后，直接
-              <span className="font-bold text-slate-750">点击该浏览器书签</span>
+              <span className="font-bold text-secondary">点击该浏览器书签</span>
               ；
             </li>
             <li>
               书签脚本会自动读取并
-              <span className="font-bold text-slate-750">
+              <span className="font-bold text-secondary">
                 自动填充好 Bibcode
               </span>
               ，您只需点击确认，文件即可秒级自动上传录入至系统！
diff --git a/dashboard/src/components/sync/MetadataSyncCard.tsx b/dashboard/src/components/sync/MetadataSyncCard.tsx
index 68e4da6..8b806d7 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/components/sync/MetadataSyncCard.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/components/sync/MetadataSyncCard.tsx
@@ -63,15 +63,15 @@ export function MetadataSyncCard({
   return (
     <div className="space-y-6">
       {/* 控制面板卡片 */}
-      <div className="console-panel p-6 rounded-lg space-y-6 relative overflow-hidden bg-white border border-slate-200">
+      <div className="console-panel p-6 rounded-lg space-y-6 relative overflow-hidden bg-surface ">
         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-6">
           <div className="space-y-2">
-            <label className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-700 block flex justify-between items-center">
+            <label className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary block flex justify-between items-center">
               <span>检索关键词 (Query)</span>
               <button
                 type="button"
                 onClick={() => setShowBuilder(!showBuilder)}
-                className="text-xs text-slate-655 hover:text-slate-850 font-bold flex items-center gap-1 cursor-pointer underline underline-offset-2"
+                className="text-xs text-secondary hover:text-content font-bold flex items-center gap-1 cursor-pointer underline underline-offset-2"
               >
                 <SlidersHorizontal className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
                 {showBuilder ? '隐藏高级构造' : '高级检索构造'}
@@ -83,12 +83,12 @@ export function MetadataSyncCard({
               onChange={(e) => setQuery(e.target.value)}
               disabled={status.active}
               placeholder="例如: hot subdwarf, Gaia BH1..."
-              className="w-full px-4 py-2 rounded-md bg-slate-50 border border-slate-300 text-slate-900 placeholder-slate-400 focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-white transition-all text-xs font-medium"
+              className="w-full px-4 py-2 rounded-md bg-sunken border border-default  text-content placeholder-tertiary focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-surface transition-all text-xs font-medium"
             />
-            <div className="text-[11px] text-slate-450 flex flex-wrap gap-x-2.5 px-0.5 mt-1 select-none">
+            <div className="text-[11px] text-tertiary flex flex-wrap gap-x-2.5 px-0.5 mt-1 select-none">
               <span>高级格式:</span>
               <span>
-                <code className="text-slate-700 bg-slate-100 px-1 py-0.2 rounded font-mono">
+                <code className="text-secondary bg-sunken px-1 py-0.2 rounded font-mono">
                   author:"Althaus" AND year:2020-2023
                 </code>
               </span>
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ export function MetadataSyncCard({
           </div>
 
           <div className="space-y-2">
-            <label className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-700 block">
+            <label className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary block">
               数据发布平台
             </label>
             <div className="flex gap-2">
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ export function MetadataSyncCard({
                   onClick={() => setSource(src.id as 'all' | 'ads' | 'arxiv')}
                   className={`flex-1 py-2 rounded-md text-xs font-bold border transition-all cursor-pointer ${
                     source === src.id
-                      ? 'bg-slate-100 border-slate-350 text-slate-855 shadow-2xs'
+                      ? 'bg-sunken border-subtle text-content shadow-sm'
                       : 'btn-console btn-console-secondary'
                   }`}
                 >
@@ -125,13 +125,13 @@ export function MetadataSyncCard({
 
         {/* 动态表单生成器 */}
         {showBuilder && (
-          <div className="p-4 rounded-md bg-slate-50 border border-slate-200 space-y-3.5 transition-all">
-            <div className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-700 flex justify-between items-center select-none">
+          <div className="p-4 rounded-md bg-sunken space-y-3.5 transition-all">
+            <div className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary flex justify-between items-center select-none">
               <span>高级条件生成器</span>
               <button
                 type="button"
                 onClick={handleAddRule}
-                className="text-xs text-slate-655 hover:text-slate-855 font-bold cursor-pointer"
+                className="text-xs text-secondary hover:text-content font-bold cursor-pointer"
               >
                 + 添加条件
               </button>
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ export function MetadataSyncCard({
                       ]}
                     />
                   ) : (
-                    <div className="w-24 text-center text-xs text-slate-500 font-semibold select-none">
+                    <div className="w-24 text-center text-xs text-secondary font-semibold select-none">
                       筛选条件
                     </div>
                   )}
@@ -183,14 +183,14 @@ export function MetadataSyncCard({
                           ? '例如: Althaus'
                           : '请输入检索词...'
                     }
-                    className="flex-1 px-3 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-white border border-slate-300 text-slate-900 placeholder-slate-450 focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint text-xs font-medium"
+                    className="flex-1 px-3 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-surface border border-default  text-content placeholder-tertiary focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint text-xs font-medium"
                   />
 
                   {rules.length > 1 && (
                     <button
                       type="button"
                       onClick={() => handleRemoveRule(idx)}
-                      className="text-slate-500 hover:text-slate-800 text-xs font-bold px-2 py-1.5 cursor-pointer"
+                      className="text-secondary hover:text-content text-xs font-bold px-2 py-1.5 cursor-pointer"
                     >
                       删除
                     </button>
@@ -201,11 +201,11 @@ export function MetadataSyncCard({
           </div>
         )}
 
-        <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-6 pt-2 border-t border-slate-200">
+        <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-6 pt-2 border-t border-subtle">
           <div className="space-y-2">
-            <label className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-700 block flex items-center justify-between">
+            <label className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary block flex items-center justify-between">
               <span>单次拉取最大上限</span>
-              <span className="text-[11px] text-slate-450 font-normal">
+              <span className="text-[11px] text-tertiary font-normal">
                 防止请求超出频率被封禁 API
               </span>
             </label>
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ export function MetadataSyncCard({
               onChange={(e) =>
                 setLimit(Math.max(1, parseInt(e.target.value) || 0))
               }
-              className="w-full px-4 py-2 rounded-md bg-slate-50 border border-slate-300 text-slate-900 focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint transition-all text-xs font-medium"
+              className="w-full px-4 py-2 rounded-md bg-sunken text-content focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint transition-all text-xs font-medium"
             />
           </div>
 
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ export function MetadataSyncCard({
               type="button"
               disabled={status.active || estimating}
               onClick={handleEstimate}
-              className="flex-1 py-2 rounded-md bg-white border border-slate-300 hover:bg-slate-50 text-slate-750 text-xs font-bold flex items-center justify-center gap-2 transition-all disabled:opacity-40 cursor-pointer"
+              className="flex-1 py-2 rounded-md bg-surface border border-default hover:bg-sunken text-secondary text-xs font-bold flex items-center justify-center gap-2 transition-all disabled:opacity-40 cursor-pointer"
             >
               {estimating ? (
                 <Loader className="w-3.5 h-3.5 animate-spin" />
@@ -248,11 +248,11 @@ export function MetadataSyncCard({
 
         {/* 预估结果 */}
         {estimatedCount !== null && !status.active && (
-          <div className="p-4 rounded-md bg-slate-50 border border-slate-200 flex gap-3 text-xs text-slate-800 items-center select-none animate-in fade-in duration-250">
-            <Info className="w-4 h-4 shrink-0 text-slate-500" />
+          <div className="p-4 rounded-md bg-sunken flex gap-3 text-xs text-content items-center select-none animate-in fade-in duration-250">
+            <Info className="w-4 h-4 shrink-0 text-secondary" />
             <div>
               检索库中估计有约{' '}
-              <strong className="text-slate-900 font-bold">
+              <strong className="text-content font-bold">
                 {estimatedCount}
               </strong>{' '}
               篇文献记录。
@@ -266,10 +266,10 @@ export function MetadataSyncCard({
 
       {/* 实时同步进度 */}
       {(status.active || status.synced > 0) && (
-        <div className="console-panel p-6 rounded-lg border border-slate-200 bg-white space-y-4 shadow-sm">
+        <div className="console-panel p-6 rounded-lg  bg-surface space-y-4 shadow-sm">
           <div className="flex justify-between items-center">
             <div>
-              <h3 className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-850 flex items-center gap-2">
+              <h3 className="text-xs font-bold text-content flex items-center gap-2">
                 {status.active ? (
                   <>
                     <Loader className="w-4 h-4 text-blueprint animate-spin" />
@@ -282,9 +282,9 @@ export function MetadataSyncCard({
                   </>
                 )}
               </h3>
-              <p className="text-slate-500 text-[11px] mt-1.5 font-semibold leading-relaxed select-all">
+              <p className="text-secondary text-[11px] mt-1.5 font-semibold leading-relaxed select-all">
                 检索条件:{' '}
-                <code className="bg-slate-100 px-1 py-0.5 rounded text-slate-700 font-mono">
+                <code className="bg-sunken px-1 py-0.5 rounded text-secondary font-mono">
                   {status.query}
                 </code>{' '}
                 • 平台:{' '}
@@ -295,12 +295,12 @@ export function MetadataSyncCard({
                     : 'arXiv'}
               </p>
             </div>
-            <span className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-800">
+            <span className="text-xs font-bold text-content">
               {status.synced} / {status.total} 篇
             </span>
           </div>
 
-          <div className="w-full h-3 rounded-md bg-slate-100 overflow-hidden border border-slate-200 select-none">
+          <div className="w-full h-3 rounded-md bg-sunken overflow-hidden  select-none">
             <div
               className="h-full bg-blueprint transition-all duration-500 shadow-sm"
               style={{ width: `${percent}%` }}
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ export function MetadataSyncCard({
 
           {status.active &&
           (status.source === 'all' || status.source === 'arxiv') ? (
-            <div className="p-3 rounded-md bg-slate-50 border border-slate-200 border-l-4 border-l-amber-500 text-xs text-slate-700 flex items-start gap-1.5 select-none">
+            <div className="p-3 rounded-md bg-sunken border-l-4 border-l-amber-500 text-xs text-secondary flex items-start gap-1.5 select-none">
               <Lightbulb className="w-4 h-4 shrink-0 mt-0.5" />
               <span>
                 同步 arXiv 文献时系统会自动加设 3000
diff --git a/dashboard/src/hooks/useObservation.ts b/dashboard/src/hooks/useObservation.ts
index 7fdf425..fa6b66a 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/hooks/useObservation.ts
+++ b/dashboard/src/hooks/useObservation.ts
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ import type {
   UnifiedSearchRequest,
   UnifiedSearchResult,
   ResolvedTarget,
-  ProductSpec,
 } from '../components/observation/constants';
 
 interface UseObservationProps {
@@ -345,18 +344,36 @@ export function useObservation({ isAuthenticated }: UseObservationProps) {
    */
   const downloadUnifiedSelected = useCallback(async () => {
     if (unifiedSelected.size === 0 || !unifiedResult) return [];
-    // 收集 key → {source, product, subtype, source_id}
+    // 收集 key → {source, product, subtype, release, version, ids}
     const groups = new Map<
       string,
-      { spec: [string, ProductSpec]; ids: string[] }
+      {
+        source: string;
+        product: string;
+        subtype?: string;
+        release?: string;
+        version?: string;
+        ids: string[];
+      }
     >();
     for (const key of unifiedSelected) {
-      const [source, product, subtype, ...idParts] = key.split('#');
-      const source_id = idParts.join('#'); // source_id 理论上不含 #，但保守处理
-      const groupKey = `${source}#${product}#${subtype}`;
+      const parts = key.split('#');
+      if (parts.length < 6) continue;
+      const source = parts[0];
+      const product = parts[1];
+      const subtype = parts[2] || undefined;
+      const release = parts[3] || undefined;
+      const version = parts[4] || undefined;
+      const source_id = parts.slice(5).join('#');
+
+      const groupKey = `${source}#${product}#${subtype ?? ''}#${release ?? ''}#${version ?? ''}`;
       if (!groups.has(groupKey)) {
         groups.set(groupKey, {
-          spec: [source, { product, subtype: subtype || undefined }],
+          source,
+          product,
+          subtype,
+          release,
+          version,
           ids: [],
         });
       }
@@ -367,28 +384,30 @@ export function useObservation({ isAuthenticated }: UseObservationProps) {
     setDownloading(true);
     setDownloadError(null);
     try {
-      for (const { spec, ids } of groups.values()) {
+      for (const group of groups.values()) {
         try {
           const res = await axios.post<ObservationBatchResult>(
             '/api/observation/download',
             {
-              source: spec[0],
-              product: spec[1].product,
-              subtype: spec[1].subtype || undefined,
+              source: group.source,
+              product: group.product,
+              subtype: group.subtype,
+              release: group.release,
+              version: group.version,
               force: false,
               mode: 'identifiers',
-              source_ids: ids,
+              source_ids: group.ids,
             }
           );
           results.push(res.data);
         } catch (e: unknown) {
           // 单组失败不中断，记录为 failures 占位 batch
           results.push({
-            source: spec[0],
-            product: spec[1],
+            source: group.source,
+            product: { product: group.product, subtype: group.subtype },
             matched_count: 0,
             products: [],
-            failures: ids.map((id) => ({
+            failures: group.ids.map((id) => ({
               source_label: id,
               error: extractErrorMessage(e, '下载失败'),
             })),
diff --git a/dashboard/src/hooks/useResearchAgent.ts b/dashboard/src/hooks/useResearchAgent.ts
index 43d6b00..d480f0b 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/hooks/useResearchAgent.ts
+++ b/dashboard/src/hooks/useResearchAgent.ts
@@ -6,8 +6,10 @@ import {
   routeToolCall,
   routeToolResult,
   routeTextDelta,
+  setGlobalTools,
+  getToolMeta,
 } from '../components/agent';
-import type { TimelineItem } from '../components/agent';
+import type { TimelineItem, AgentToolMeta } from '../components/agent';
 import type { SessionSummary, MessageRecord } from '../types';
 import { extractErrorMessage } from '../utils/apiError';
 
@@ -198,7 +200,7 @@ export function useResearchAgent({
     (async () => {
       try {
         setLoadingSessions(true);
-        const [sessionsRes, modesRes] = await Promise.all([
+        const [sessionsRes, modesRes, toolsRes] = await Promise.all([
           axios.get<SessionSummary[]>('/api/chat/sessions'),
           axios.get<AgentMode[]>('/api/chat/modes').catch(() => ({
             data: [
@@ -222,10 +224,14 @@ export function useResearchAgent({
               },
             ] as AgentMode[],
           })),
+          axios.get<AgentToolMeta[]>('/api/chat/tools').catch(() => ({
+            data: [] as AgentToolMeta[],
+          })),
         ]);
         if (!active) return;
         setSessions(sessionsRes.data);
         setAgentModes(modesRes.data);
+        setGlobalTools(toolsRes.data);
       } catch (e) {
         console.error('初始化 Agent 数据失败:', e);
       } finally {
@@ -729,7 +735,9 @@ export function useResearchAgent({
                         event.step,
                         event.id,
                         event.name,
-                        event.arguments
+                        event.arguments,
+                        event.is_internal,
+                        event.display_name
                       ),
                     };
                   });
@@ -749,7 +757,9 @@ export function useResearchAgent({
                         event.name,
                         event.output,
                         event.is_error,
-                        event.metadata
+                        event.metadata,
+                        event.is_internal,
+                        event.display_name
                       ),
                     };
                   });
@@ -827,6 +837,25 @@ export function useResearchAgent({
 
   const turns = groupMessagesIntoTurns(messages);
 
+  // Scan turns backwards to find the latest todo list from a successful todo_write call
+  const activeTodos = (() => {
+    for (let i = turns.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+      const turn = turns[i];
+      const todoCall = turn.timeline.find(
+        (item) => item.type === 'tool_call' && item.name === 'todo_write'
+      );
+      if (
+        todoCall &&
+        todoCall.type === 'tool_call' &&
+        todoCall.arguments &&
+        Array.isArray(todoCall.arguments.todos)
+      ) {
+        return todoCall.arguments.todos;
+      }
+    }
+    return [];
+  })();
+
   const toggleThought = (key: string) =>
     setExpandedThoughts((prev) => ({ ...prev, [key]: !prev[key] }));
   const toggleArgs = (tcId: string) =>
@@ -891,6 +920,7 @@ export function useResearchAgent({
     handleStop,
     handleSend,
     turns,
+    activeTodos,
     toggleThought,
     toggleArgs,
     toggleResult,
@@ -981,12 +1011,15 @@ function groupMessagesIntoTurns(messages: MessageRecord[]): ProcessedTurn[] {
           } catch {
             /* ignore */
           }
+          const meta = getToolMeta(tc.function.name);
           turn.timeline.push({
             type: 'tool_call',
             step: stepNum,
             id: tc.id,
             name: tc.function.name,
+            display_name: meta?.display_name || tc.function.name,
             arguments: parsedArgs,
+            is_internal: meta?.is_internal || false,
           });
         }
       } else if (hasThought && hasContent) {
@@ -1081,12 +1114,15 @@ function groupMessagesIntoTurns(messages: MessageRecord[]): ProcessedTurn[] {
                 } catch {
                   /* ignore */
                 }
+                const meta = getToolMeta(`[sub] ${tc.function.name}`);
                 children.push({
                   type: 'tool_call',
                   step: stepNum,
                   id: tc.id,
                   name: tc.function.name,
+                  display_name: meta?.display_name || tc.function.name,
                   arguments: parsedArgs,
+                  is_internal: meta?.is_internal || false,
                 });
               }
             } else if (hasThought && hasContent) {
diff --git a/dashboard/src/hooks/useTheme.ts b/dashboard/src/hooks/useTheme.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cfc6558
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dashboard/src/hooks/useTheme.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+// dashboard/src/hooks/useTheme.ts
+//
+// 浅色 / 暗色双主题管理。
+//   - main.tsx 已在渲染前根据 localStorage('astro_theme') / 系统偏好设置 .dark 类（防 FOUC）。
+//   - 本 hook 同步 React 状态与 DOM 类，并提供切换/持久化。
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from 'react';
+
+export type Theme = 'light' | 'dark';
+const STORAGE_KEY = 'astro_theme';
+
+function readInitialTheme(): Theme {
+  if (typeof document !== 'undefined') {
+    return document.documentElement.classList.contains('dark')
+      ? 'dark'
+      : 'light';
+  }
+  return 'light';
+}
+
+export function useTheme() {
+  const [theme, setTheme] = useState<Theme>(readInitialTheme);
+
+  // 写入 DOM + localStorage
+  const applyTheme = useCallback((next: Theme) => {
+    const root = document.documentElement;
+    root.classList.toggle('dark', next === 'dark');
+    try {
+      localStorage.setItem(STORAGE_KEY, next);
+    } catch {
+      /* localStorage 不可用时静默 */
+    }
+    setTheme(next);
+  }, []);
+
+  const toggleTheme = useCallback(() => {
+    setTheme((prev) => {
+      const next: Theme = prev === 'dark' ? 'light' : 'dark';
+      const root = document.documentElement;
+      root.classList.toggle('dark', next === 'dark');
+      try {
+        localStorage.setItem(STORAGE_KEY, next);
+      } catch {
+        /* 静默 */
+      }
+      return next;
+    });
+  }, []);
+
+  // 跟随系统偏好变化（仅当用户未显式选择时）
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const mql = window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)');
+    const handler = (e: MediaQueryListEvent) => {
+      let stored: string | null = null;
+      try {
+        stored = localStorage.getItem(STORAGE_KEY);
+      } catch {
+        /* 静默 */
+      }
+      if (!stored) {
+        document.documentElement.classList.toggle('dark', e.matches);
+        setTheme(e.matches ? 'dark' : 'light');
+      }
+    };
+    mql.addEventListener('change', handler);
+    return () => mql.removeEventListener('change', handler);
+  }, []);
+
+  return { theme, setTheme: applyTheme, toggleTheme };
+}
diff --git a/dashboard/src/index.css b/dashboard/src/index.css
index b4ba521..7f61468 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/index.css
+++ b/dashboard/src/index.css
@@ -2,215 +2,429 @@
 @import 'tailwindcss';
 @plugin "@tailwindcss/typography";
 
-@theme {
-  --color-main: var(--text-main);
-  --color-muted: var(--text-muted);
-  --color-card: var(--bg-card);
-  --color-sidebar: var(--bg-sidebar);
-  --color-blueprint: var(--accent-blueprint);
-  --color-star: var(--accent-star);
-  --color-precision: var(--border-precision);
+/* 暗色变体跟随 .dark 类（手动切换），而非仅 prefers-color-scheme */
+@custom-variant dark (&:where(.dark, .dark *));
 
-  --font-mono: var(--font-mono);
-}
+/* ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+ * 设计令牌：三层架构（primitive → semantic → component）
+ *   :root        浅色语义层（暖纸张学术风）
+ *   .dark        暗色语义层覆盖（深空天文风 · Night Indigo）
+ *   @theme       将语义令牌桥接为 Tailwind 工具类
+ *   旧令牌名（--accent-blueprint 等）作为别名保留，向后兼容
+ * ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
 
 :root {
+  color-scheme: light;
   font-family:
     'Inter',
     system-ui,
     -apple-system,
     sans-serif;
-  color-scheme: light;
 
-  /* 极极简白蓝学术科技风配色 - 升级为暖调纸张感学术护眼色 */
-  --bg-main: #faf8f5; /* 学术纸张底色 */
-  --bg-card: #ffffff;
-  --bg-sidebar: #0f2540; /* 保持深色侧边栏作为界面骨架结构 */
-  --text-main: #1e293b; /* 优雅深石板灰，对比度更佳 */
-  --text-muted: #475569; /* 中度石板灰，提高可读性 */
+  /* ── 浅色语义层：暖纸张学术（统一暖中性 stone 色温，消除暖底+冷蓝灰线的割裂）── */
+  --bg-app: #faf9f6; /* 暖白纸底 */
+  --bg-surface: #ffffff; /* 卡片/面板（纯白，与暖底仅微差） */
+  --bg-elevated: #ffffff; /* 悬浮面板/弹层 */
+  --bg-sunken: #f4f2ed; /* 凹陷输入框/次级容器（暖浅灰） */
 
-  --accent-blueprint: #0369a1; /* 低饱和度学术蓝 */
+  --text-primary: #292524; /* 暖墨黑（stone-800，去蓝调） */
+  --text-secondary: #57534e; /* 暖深灰（stone-600） */
+  --text-tertiary: #a8a29e; /* 暖中灰（stone-400，占位/禁用） */
+
+  --border-default: #4e4b45; /* 卡片/分隔线：调浅，弱化描边感 */
+  --border-subtle: #f5f2ec; /* 更轻的暖分割线（近乎隐形） */
+  --border-strong: #ddd7cc; /* 暖灰强调线（hover/激活） */
+
+  --accent-primary: #0369a1; /* 学术蓝 blueprint */
+  --accent-primary-hover: #0d5988;
+  --accent-on-primary: #ffffff;
   --accent-star: #b45309; /* 经典低饱和度琥珀橙 */
-  --border-precision: #e2e8f0; /* 极细轻量级分割线 */
+
+  --success: #047857;
+  --warning: #b45309;
+  --danger: #dc2626;
+
+  /* 装饰光斑（登录页） */
+  --blob-a: rgba(186, 230, 253, 0.35); /* sky-200 */
+  --blob-b: rgba(199, 210, 254, 0.3); /* indigo-200 */
+
+  /* 引用星系 canvas 语义色（JS 读取） */
+  --canvas-active: #0369a1;
+  --canvas-inactive: #57534e;
+  --canvas-reference: #b45309;
+  --canvas-citation: #0e7490;
+  --canvas-link: rgba(120, 113, 108, 0.22);
+  --canvas-ring: rgba(120, 113, 108, 0.1);
+  --canvas-pulse: rgba(3, 105, 161, 0.04);
+  --canvas-label: #57534e;
+  --canvas-label-hover: #0369a1;
+
+  /* 光谱图 SVG 语义色 */
+  --plot-grid: #e7e3da;
+  --plot-axis: #78716c;
+  --plot-axis-strong: #a8a29e;
+  --plot-tooltip-bg: #292524;
+  --plot-tooltip-fg: #faf9f6;
 
   --font-mono: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
+
+  /* ── 旧令牌名别名（向后兼容，使现有 text-blueprint/bg-card 等零改动适配双主题）── */
+  --bg-main: var(--bg-app);
+  --bg-card: var(--bg-surface);
+  --bg-sidebar: var(--bg-surface);
+  --text-main: var(--text-primary);
+  --text-muted: var(--text-secondary);
+  --border-precision: var(--border-default);
+  --accent-blueprint: var(--accent-primary);
+  --accent-on-blueprint: var(--accent-on-primary);
 }
 
+.dark {
+  color-scheme: dark;
+
+  /* ── 暗色语义层：深空天文 · Night Indigo（取自 UI/UX 技能推荐）── */
+  --bg-app: #0a0f1e; /* 深空底色 */
+  --bg-surface: #131a2f; /* 卡片（深靛） */
+  --bg-elevated: #1b2440; /* 悬浮面板/弹层 */
+  --bg-sunken: #0d1426; /* 凹陷输入 */
+
+  --text-primary: #e8edf5; /* 柔和高对比白（去纯白刺眼） */
+  --text-secondary: #8b98b3; /* 中性靛灰 */
+  --text-tertiary: #5e6b85; /* 暗灰蓝 */
+
+  /* 边框压暗至极低不透明度，隐入深空底，避免"白色描边"感 */
+  --border-default: rgba(207, 211, 225, 0.699);
+  --border-subtle: rgba(139, 152, 179, 0.06);
+  --border-strong: rgba(139, 152, 179, 0.18);
+
+  --accent-primary: #38bdf8; /* 亮天蓝，暗色下高对比 */
+  --accent-primary-hover: #0ea5e9;
+  --accent-on-primary: #0a0f1e; /* 深底文字 */
+  --accent-star: #f59e0b; /* 提亮的琥珀 */
+
+  --success: #34d399;
+  --warning: #fbbf24;
+  --danger: #f87171;
+
+  --blob-a: rgba(56, 189, 248, 0.12);
+  --blob-b: rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.12);
+
+  --canvas-active: #38bdf8;
+  --canvas-inactive: #5e6b85;
+  --canvas-reference: #f59e0b;
+  --canvas-citation: #22d3ee;
+  --canvas-link: rgba(139, 152, 179, 0.14);
+  --canvas-ring: rgba(139, 152, 179, 0.07);
+  --canvas-pulse: rgba(56, 189, 248, 0.05);
+  --canvas-label: #8b98b3;
+  --canvas-label-hover: #7dd3fc;
+
+  --plot-grid: rgba(139, 152, 179, 0.12);
+  --plot-axis: #8b98b3;
+  --plot-axis-strong: #5e6b85;
+  --plot-tooltip-bg: #1b2440;
+  --plot-tooltip-fg: #e8edf5;
+}
+
+/* ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+ * @theme：语义令牌 → Tailwind 工具类桥接
+ *   可直接写 bg-surface / text-content / text-secondary / border-default / text-danger 等
+ * ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+@theme {
+  --color-surface: var(--bg-surface);
+  --color-elevated: var(--bg-elevated);
+  --color-sunken: var(--bg-sunken);
+  --color-app: var(--bg-app);
+
+  --color-content: var(--text-primary);
+  --color-secondary: var(--text-secondary);
+  --color-tertiary: var(--text-tertiary);
+
+  --color-border-default: var(--border-default);
+  --color-border-subtle: var(--border-subtle);
+  --color-border-strong: var(--border-strong);
+
+  --color-blueprint: var(--accent-primary);
+  --color-star: var(--accent-star);
+  --color-success: var(--success);
+  --color-warning: var(--warning);
+  --color-danger: var(--danger);
+
+  /* 旧桥接（保留，向后兼容） */
+  --color-main: var(--text-main);
+  --color-muted: var(--text-muted);
+  --color-card: var(--bg-card);
+  --color-sidebar: var(--bg-sidebar);
+  --color-precision: var(--border-precision);
+
+  --font-mono: var(--font-mono);
+}
+
+/* 自定义 border 实用工具类以匹配 components 里的直接引用 */
+@utility border-default {
+  border-color: var(--border-default);
+}
+@utility border-subtle {
+  border-color: var(--border-subtle);
+}
+@utility border-strong {
+  border-color: var(--border-strong);
+}
+
+/* ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+ * 基础排版与全局滚动条
+ * ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
 body {
   margin: 0;
-  background-color: var(--bg-main);
-  color: var(--text-main);
+  background-color: var(--bg-app);
+  color: var(--text-primary);
   min-height: 100vh;
   overflow: hidden;
   position: relative;
 }
 
-/* Custom premium scrollbar styling for light mode */
+/* 平滑主题切换过渡 */
+body,
+.btn-console,
+.select-console {
+  transition:
+    background-color 0.2s ease,
+    border-color 0.2s ease,
+    color 0.2s ease;
+}
+
 ::-webkit-scrollbar {
   width: 6px;
   height: 6px;
 }
 ::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
-  background: #f4f6f9;
+  background: transparent;
 }
 ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
-  background: #cbd5e1;
+  background: var(--border-strong);
   border-radius: 3px;
 }
 ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover {
-  background: #94a3b8;
+  background: var(--text-tertiary);
 }
 
-/* Premium clean panel cards */
+/* ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+ * 组件类（全部令牌化，自动适配双主题）
+ * ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+
+/* 侧边栏右侧分隔：用极淡阴影代替硬边框，避免"竖黑线"感 */
+.sidebar-seam {
+  box-shadow: 1px 0 0 0 var(--border-subtle);
+}
+
+/* 精致学术卡片面板（微弱暖灰边框，配合石色双层阴影，支持高阶悬停微动与暗色顶部高光） */
 .console-panel {
-  background: var(--bg-card);
-  border: 1px solid var(--border-precision);
-  box-shadow: 0 1px 3px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05); /* 弱化阴影，更显扁平学术感 */
+  background: var(--bg-surface);
+  border: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
+  box-shadow:
+    0 1px 3px 0 rgba(120, 113, 108, 0.04),
+    0 4px 12px 0 rgba(120, 113, 108, 0.03);
+  transition:
+    background-color 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1),
+    border-color 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1),
+    color 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1),
+    box-shadow 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1),
+    transform 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
+}
+.dark .console-panel {
+  border-color: var(--border-subtle);
+  box-shadow:
+    0 4px 20px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4),
+    inset 0 1px 0 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.04);
+}
+
+/* 悬停微动交互：针对可点击卡片或指定交互面板 */
+.console-panel[class*='cursor-pointer']:hover,
+.console-panel-interactive:hover {
+  transform: translateY(-2px);
+  border-color: var(--border-strong);
+  box-shadow:
+    0 6px 16px -2px rgba(120, 113, 108, 0.08),
+    0 12px 24px -4px rgba(120, 113, 108, 0.06);
+}
+.dark .console-panel[class*='cursor-pointer']:hover,
+.dark .console-panel-interactive:hover {
+  border-color: var(--border-strong);
+  box-shadow:
+    0 12px 28px -4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5),
+    0 8px 12px -6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5),
+    inset 0 1px 0 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
 }
 
 .console-panel-active {
-  border-color: var(--accent-blueprint);
+  border-color: var(--accent-primary);
   box-shadow:
-    0 0 0 1px var(--accent-blueprint),
-    0 1px 3px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
+    0 0 0 1px var(--accent-primary),
+    0 4px 12px 0 rgba(3, 105, 161, 0.08);
+}
+.dark .console-panel-active {
+  border-color: var(--accent-primary);
+  box-shadow:
+    0 0 0 1px var(--accent-primary),
+    0 4px 24px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.45),
+    inset 0 1px 0 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06);
 }
 
-/* High contrast clean console button */
+/* 按钮：默认 */
 .btn-console {
-  background: #ffffff;
-  border: 1px solid var(--border-precision);
-  color: var(--text-main);
+  background: var(--bg-surface);
+  border: 1px solid var(--border-default);
+  color: var(--text-primary);
   font-weight: 500;
   transition: all 0.2s ease;
 }
-
 .btn-console:hover:not(:disabled) {
-  background: #f8fafc;
-  border-color: #94a3b8;
-  color: var(--text-main);
-  box-shadow: 0 1px 2px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
+  background: var(--bg-sunken);
+  border-color: var(--border-strong);
+  color: var(--text-primary);
 }
 
+/* 按钮：主要 */
 .btn-console-primary {
-  background: var(--accent-blueprint);
-  border: 1px solid var(--accent-blueprint);
-  color: #ffffff;
+  background: var(--accent-primary);
+  border: 1px solid var(--accent-primary);
+  color: var(--accent-on-primary);
 }
-
 .btn-console-primary:hover:not(:disabled) {
-  background: #0d5988;
-  border-color: #0d5988;
-  color: #ffffff;
-  box-shadow: 0 2px 4px 0 rgba(16, 107, 163, 0.2);
+  background: var(--accent-primary-hover);
+  border-color: var(--accent-primary-hover);
+  color: var(--accent-on-primary);
+  box-shadow: 0 2px 4px 0
+    color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent-primary) 25%, transparent);
 }
 
+/* 按钮：次要 */
 .btn-console-secondary {
-  background: #f1f5f9;
-  border: 1px solid var(--border-precision);
-  color: var(--text-muted);
+  background: var(--bg-sunken);
+  border: 1px solid var(--border-default);
+  color: var(--text-secondary);
 }
-
 .btn-console-secondary:hover:not(:disabled) {
-  background: #e2e8f0;
-  color: var(--text-main);
+  background: var(--border-default);
+  color: var(--text-primary);
 }
 
-/* Premium clean console select dropdown styling */
+/* 原生 select（已基本被 CustomSelect 取代，保留令牌化） */
 .select-console {
   display: inline-block;
-  background-color: #ffffff;
-  border: 1px solid var(--border-precision);
-  border-radius: 0.5rem; /* 8px */
-  padding: 0.5rem 1.75rem 0.5rem 0.625rem; /* padding-right leaves space for custom arrow */
-  color: var(--text-main);
-  font-size: 0.75rem; /* text-xs */
+  background-color: var(--bg-surface);
+  border: 1px solid var(--border-default);
+  border-radius: 0.5rem;
+  padding: 0.5rem 1.75rem 0.5rem 0.625rem;
+  color: var(--text-primary);
+  font-size: 0.75rem;
   font-weight: 500;
   cursor: pointer;
   outline: none;
   transition: all 0.2s ease;
   appearance: none;
-  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' fill='none' viewBox='0 0 20 20'%3e%3cpath stroke='%2364748b' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-linejoin='round' stroke-width='1.5' d='M6 8l4 4 4-4'/%3e%3c/svg%3e");
+  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' fill='none' viewBox='0 0 20 20'%3e%3cpath stroke='currentColor' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-linejoin='round' stroke-width='1.5' d='M6 8l4 4 4-4'/%3e%3c/svg%3e");
   background-position: right 0.5rem center;
   background-repeat: no-repeat;
   background-size: 1.25rem;
 }
-
 .select-console:hover:not(:disabled) {
-  border-color: #94a3b8;
-  color: var(--text-main);
-  box-shadow: 0 1px 2px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
+  border-color: var(--border-strong);
+  color: var(--text-primary);
 }
-
 .select-console:focus {
-  border-color: var(--accent-blueprint);
-  box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px var(--accent-blueprint);
+  border-color: var(--accent-primary);
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px var(--accent-primary);
 }
-
 .select-console:disabled {
-  background-color: #f1f5f9;
-  color: #94a3b8;
+  background-color: var(--bg-sunken);
+  color: var(--text-tertiary);
   cursor: not-allowed;
 }
 
-/* FTS search result highlights */
+/* FTS 搜索结果高亮 */
 mark {
-  background-color: rgba(254, 240, 138, 0.7); /* translucent yellow bg */
-  color: #854d0e; /* text-yellow-800 */
+  background-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--warning) 22%, transparent);
+  color: var(--text-primary);
   padding-left: 0.125rem;
   padding-right: 0.125rem;
   border-radius: 0.125rem;
   font-weight: 600;
 }
 
-/* LaTeX-style academic publishing typography overrides */
+/* ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+ * LaTeX 学术排版覆盖（prose 表格/引用/公式）
+ * ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
 .prose {
   font-family:
     'Inter',
     system-ui,
     -apple-system,
     sans-serif;
-  color: var(--text-main);
+  color: var(--text-primary);
 }
 
-/* Academic Three-Line Table (LaTeX booktabs style) */
+/* 统一代码块与行内代码的学术控制台主题配色 */
+.prose pre {
+  background-color: var(--bg-sunken) !important;
+  color: var(--text-secondary) !important;
+  border: 1px solid var(--border-subtle) !important;
+  border-radius: 0.375rem;
+  padding: 0.75rem 1rem !important;
+  margin: 0.75rem 0 !important;
+}
+.prose code {
+  color: var(--accent-primary) !important;
+  font-family: var(--font-mono) !important;
+  font-size: 0.85em !important;
+  font-weight: 600 !important;
+}
+/* 去掉 Tailwind Typography 默认加在 code 前后的反引号 */
+.prose code::before,
+.prose code::after {
+  content: '' !important;
+}
+.prose pre code {
+  background-color: transparent !important;
+  color: inherit !important;
+  font-size: inherit !important;
+  font-weight: inherit !important;
+  padding: 0 !important;
+  border: none !important;
+}
+
+/* 学术三线表（LaTeX booktabs） */
 .prose table {
   width: 100% !important;
   border-collapse: collapse !important;
-  border-top: 2px solid #334155 !important; /* thick top rule */
-  border-bottom: 2px solid #334155 !important; /* thick bottom rule */
+  border-top: 2px solid var(--border-strong) !important;
+  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-strong) !important;
   margin-top: 1.5em !important;
   margin-bottom: 1.5em !important;
   font-size: 0.85em !important;
 }
-
 .prose thead {
-  border-bottom: 1.2px solid #475569 !important; /* mid rule */
+  border-bottom: 1.2px solid var(--text-tertiary) !important;
 }
-
 .prose thead th {
   font-weight: 700 !important;
-  color: #1e293b !important;
+  color: var(--text-primary) !important;
   padding: 0.5em 0.75em !important;
   text-align: left !important;
   border: none !important;
 }
-
 .prose tbody tr {
-  border-bottom: 0.5px solid #e2e8f0 !important; /* light horizontal line */
+  border-bottom: 0.5px solid var(--border-subtle) !important;
   background: transparent !important;
 }
-
 .prose tbody tr:last-child {
-  border-bottom: none !important; /* last row doesn't have thin border because of the thick table bottom rule */
+  border-bottom: none !important;
 }
-
 .prose tbody td {
   padding: 0.5em 0.75em !important;
-  color: #334155 !important;
+  color: var(--text-secondary) !important;
   border: none !important;
 }
-
-/* Remove vertical borders and striping that are generated by default */
 .prose table,
 .prose th,
 .prose td {
@@ -218,25 +432,24 @@ mark {
   border-right: none !important;
 }
 
-/* LaTeX Blockquote */
+/* LaTeX 引用块 */
 .prose blockquote {
   font-style: italic !important;
-  color: #475569 !important;
-  border-left: 3px solid #64748b !important; /* solid charcoal left line */
-  background-color: #fdfcf9 !important; /* warmer background for blockquotes */
+  color: var(--text-secondary) !important;
+  border-left: 3px solid var(--text-tertiary) !important;
+  background-color: var(--bg-sunken) !important;
   padding: 0.75em 1.25em !important;
   margin: 1.25em 0 !important;
   border-radius: 2px !important;
   font-weight: 500 !important;
   quotes: none !important;
 }
-
 .prose blockquote p::before,
 .prose blockquote p::after {
   content: '' !important;
 }
 
-/* Formulas and Math spacing */
+/* 公式间距 */
 .prose .katex-display {
   margin: 1.2em 0 !important;
   padding: 0.5em !important;
diff --git a/dashboard/src/main.tsx b/dashboard/src/main.tsx
index 04020cd..e6929b2 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/main.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/main.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,21 @@ import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client';
 import './index.css';
 import App from './App.tsx';
 
+// ── 防 FOUC：在任何 React 渲染前确定主题 ──
+// localStorage 优先，其次跟随系统 prefers-color-scheme，默认浅色。
+(() => {
+  try {
+    const stored = localStorage.getItem('astro_theme');
+    const prefersDark = window.matchMedia(
+      '(prefers-color-scheme: dark)'
+    ).matches;
+    const isDark = stored ? stored === 'dark' : prefersDark;
+    document.documentElement.classList.toggle('dark', isDark);
+  } catch {
+    /* localStorage 不可用时静默回退到浅色 */
+  }
+})();
+
 // 注册 PWA Service Worker
 if ('serviceWorker' in navigator) {
   window.addEventListener('load', () => {
diff --git a/dashboard/src/pages/CitationPanel.tsx b/dashboard/src/pages/CitationPanel.tsx
index 27f1dae..9c78921 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/pages/CitationPanel.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/pages/CitationPanel.tsx
@@ -56,12 +56,12 @@ export function CitationPanel({
 
   return (
     <div className="w-full flex-1 flex flex-col space-y-4 min-h-0">
-      <div className="flex flex-col md:flex-row md:items-center justify-between border-b border-slate-200 pb-3 gap-3">
+      <div className="flex flex-col md:flex-row md:items-center justify-between border-b border-subtle pb-3 gap-3">
         <div>
-          <h2 className="text-sm font-bold tracking-wider text-slate-900 uppercase">
+          <h2 className="text-sm font-bold tracking-wider text-content uppercase">
             引用星系拓扑图谱
           </h2>
-          <p className="text-xs text-slate-500 mt-1">
+          <p className="text-xs text-secondary mt-1">
             通过图谱层级快速 visual 展现当前文献的“参考文献 - 被引文献”关联脉络
           </p>
         </div>
@@ -88,12 +88,12 @@ export function CitationPanel({
                     className="fixed inset-0 z-40"
                     onClick={() => setShowSwitchMenu(false)}
                   />
-                  <div className="absolute right-0 mt-1.5 w-72 rounded-md bg-white border border-slate-200 shadow-md py-1 z-50 text-xs max-h-96 overflow-y-auto scrollbar-thin">
+                  <div className="absolute right-0 mt-1.5 w-72 rounded-md bg-surface shadow-md py-1 z-50 text-xs max-h-96 overflow-y-auto scrollbar-thin">
                     {/* 最近文献 */}
                     {recentlySelected.length > 0 && (
-                      <div className="border-b border-slate-100 pb-1.5 mb-1.5">
-                        <div className="px-3 py-1 text-[10px] font-bold text-slate-400 uppercase flex items-center gap-1">
-                          <History className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-slate-400" />
+                      <div className="border-b border-subtle pb-1.5 mb-1.5">
+                        <div className="px-3 py-1 text-[10px] font-bold text-tertiary uppercase flex items-center gap-1">
+                          <History className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-tertiary" />
                           <span>最近选择</span>
                         </div>
                         {recentlySelected.map((paper) => (
@@ -103,16 +103,16 @@ export function CitationPanel({
                               onSwitchPaper(paper);
                               setShowSwitchMenu(false);
                             }}
-                            className={`w-full px-3 py-2 text-left hover:bg-slate-50 transition-colors flex flex-col gap-0.5 border-l-2 ${
+                            className={`w-full px-3 py-2 text-left hover:bg-sunken transition-colors flex flex-col gap-0.5 border-l-2 ${
                               paper.bibcode === selectedPaper.bibcode
                                 ? 'border-blueprint bg-blueprint/5 text-blueprint font-bold'
-                                : 'border-transparent text-slate-700 font-medium'
+                                : 'border-transparent text-secondary font-medium'
                             }`}
                           >
                             <span className="truncate block leading-tight text-left">
                               {paper.title}
                             </span>
-                            <span className="text-[9px] text-slate-400 font-semibold font-mono text-left">
+                            <span className="text-[9px] text-tertiary font-semibold font-mono text-left">
                               {paper.bibcode}
                             </span>
                           </button>
@@ -122,12 +122,12 @@ export function CitationPanel({
 
                     {/* 全部已下载文献 */}
                     <div>
-                      <div className="px-3 py-1 text-[10px] font-bold text-slate-400 uppercase flex items-center gap-1">
-                        <FileText className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-slate-400" />
+                      <div className="px-3 py-1 text-[10px] font-bold text-tertiary uppercase flex items-center gap-1">
+                        <FileText className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-tertiary" />
                         <span>全部已下载馆藏</span>
                       </div>
                       {library.filter((p) => p.is_downloaded).length === 0 ? (
-                        <div className="px-3 py-2 text-slate-400 italic">
+                        <div className="px-3 py-2 text-tertiary italic">
                           暂无已下载文献
                         </div>
                       ) : (
@@ -140,16 +140,16 @@ export function CitationPanel({
                                 onSwitchPaper(paper);
                                 setShowSwitchMenu(false);
                               }}
-                              className={`w-full px-3 py-2 text-left hover:bg-slate-50 transition-colors flex flex-col gap-0.5 border-l-2 ${
+                              className={`w-full px-3 py-2 text-left hover:bg-sunken transition-colors flex flex-col gap-0.5 border-l-2 ${
                                 paper.bibcode === selectedPaper.bibcode
                                   ? 'border-blueprint bg-blueprint/5 text-blueprint font-bold'
-                                  : 'border-transparent text-slate-700 font-medium'
+                                  : 'border-transparent text-secondary font-medium'
                               }`}
                             >
                               <span className="truncate block leading-tight text-left">
                                 {paper.title}
                               </span>
-                              <span className="text-[9px] text-slate-400 font-semibold font-mono text-left">
+                              <span className="text-[9px] text-tertiary font-semibold font-mono text-left">
                                 {paper.bibcode}
                               </span>
                             </button>
@@ -161,8 +161,8 @@ export function CitationPanel({
               )}
             </div>
           )}
-          <div className="flex items-center gap-2 border border-slate-200 bg-white px-3 py-1.5 rounded-md shadow-sm">
-            <span className="text-[11px] text-slate-500 font-bold">
+          <div className="flex items-center gap-2  bg-surface px-3 py-1.5 rounded-md shadow-sm">
+            <span className="text-[11px] text-secondary font-bold">
               展示节点上限:
             </span>
             <input
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ export function CitationPanel({
               step="5"
               value={nodeLimit}
               onChange={(e) => setNodeLimit(Number(e.target.value))}
-              className="w-20 h-1.5 bg-slate-200 rounded-lg appearance-none cursor-pointer accent-blueprint focus:outline-none"
+              className="w-20 h-1.5 bg-border-subtle rounded-lg appearance-none cursor-pointer accent-blueprint focus:outline-none"
             />
             <span className="text-xs font-bold text-blueprint w-6 text-right">
               {nodeLimit}
@@ -193,16 +193,16 @@ export function CitationPanel({
       </div>
 
       {loadingCitations ? (
-        <div className="console-panel rounded-lg flex-1 flex flex-col items-center justify-center text-slate-500 bg-white">
+        <div className="console-panel rounded-lg flex-1 flex flex-col items-center justify-center text-secondary bg-surface">
           <Loader className="w-8 h-8 animate-spin text-blueprint mb-2" />
-          <p className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-600">
+          <p className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary">
             正在从馆藏数据库中提取引用拓扑数据...
           </p>
         </div>
       ) : citationNetwork ? (
-        <div className="flex-1 console-panel rounded-lg border border-slate-200 overflow-hidden relative flex flex-col md:flex-row bg-white min-h-0">
+        <div className="flex-1 console-panel rounded-lg  overflow-hidden relative flex flex-col md:flex-row bg-surface min-h-0">
           {/* 可视化画布 */}
-          <div className="flex-1 relative bg-slate-50/30 min-h-[350px] md:min-h-0">
+          <div className="flex-1 relative bg-sunken/60 min-h-[350px] md:min-h-0">
             <CitationGalaxyCanvas
               networks={citationHistory}
               activeNetwork={citationNetwork}
@@ -210,27 +210,27 @@ export function CitationPanel({
               onNodeClick={handleNodeClick}
             />
           </div>
-          {/* 右侧关系详情面板 */}
-          <div className="w-full md:w-80 h-64 md:h-auto border-t md:border-t-0 md:border-l border-slate-200 bg-slate-50 p-6 space-y-6 overflow-y-auto scrollbar-thin">
+          {/* 右侧关系详情面板（靠背景色阶与图谱区分层，无需描边） */}
+          <div className="w-full md:w-80 h-64 md:h-auto bg-surface p-6 space-y-6 overflow-y-auto scrollbar-thin">
             <div>
               <span className="text-[10px] font-bold text-blueprint tracking-wider block mb-2">
                 ● 中心焦点文献
               </span>
-              <h4 className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-900 leading-relaxed font-sans">
+              <h4 className="text-xs font-bold text-content leading-relaxed font-sans">
                 {citationNetwork.title}
               </h4>
-              <p className="text-[10px] text-slate-600 font-mono mt-2 bg-slate-200/50 border border-slate-300/60 px-2 py-1.5 rounded select-all truncate">
+              <p className="text-[10px] text-secondary font-mono mt-2 bg-border-subtle  px-2 py-1.5 rounded select-all truncate">
                 {citationNetwork.bibcode}
               </p>
             </div>
 
-            <div className="border-t border-slate-200 pt-4">
-              <span className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-700 block mb-2">
+            <div className="border-t border-subtle pt-4">
+              <span className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary block mb-2">
                 参考文献 (引出 // 共 {citationNetwork.references.length} 篇)
               </span>
               <div className="space-y-1.5 max-h-48 overflow-y-auto scrollbar-thin pr-1">
                 {citationNetwork.references.length === 0 ? (
-                  <span className="text-xs text-slate-400 italic">
+                  <span className="text-xs text-tertiary italic">
                     暂无参考文献数据
                   </span>
                 ) : (
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ export function CitationPanel({
                     <div
                       key={bib}
                       onClick={() => handleNodeClick(bib)}
-                      className="text-[10px] text-slate-700 hover:text-blueprint font-mono py-1.5 px-2.5 rounded bg-white border border-slate-200 hover:border-blueprint/40 cursor-pointer transition-all truncate"
+                      className="text-[10px] text-secondary hover:text-blueprint font-mono py-1.5 px-2.5 rounded bg-surface hover:border-blueprint/40 cursor-pointer transition-all truncate"
                     >
                       {bib}
                     </div>
@@ -247,13 +247,13 @@ export function CitationPanel({
               </div>
             </div>
 
-            <div className="border-t border-slate-200 pt-4">
-              <span className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-700 block mb-2">
+            <div className="border-t border-subtle pt-4">
+              <span className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary block mb-2">
                 被引文献 (引入 // 共 {citationNetwork.citations.length} 篇)
               </span>
               <div className="space-y-1.5 max-h-48 overflow-y-auto scrollbar-thin pr-1">
                 {citationNetwork.citations.length === 0 ? (
-                  <span className="text-xs text-slate-400 italic">
+                  <span className="text-xs text-tertiary italic">
                     暂无被引文献数据
                   </span>
                 ) : (
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ export function CitationPanel({
                     <div
                       key={bib}
                       onClick={() => handleNodeClick(bib)}
-                      className="text-[10px] text-slate-700 hover:text-blueprint font-mono py-1.5 px-2.5 rounded bg-white border border-slate-200 hover:border-blueprint/40 cursor-pointer transition-all truncate"
+                      className="text-[10px] text-secondary hover:text-blueprint font-mono py-1.5 px-2.5 rounded bg-surface hover:border-blueprint/40 cursor-pointer transition-all truncate"
                     >
                       {bib}
                     </div>
@@ -272,9 +272,9 @@ export function CitationPanel({
           </div>
         </div>
       ) : (
-        <div className="console-panel rounded-lg flex-1 flex flex-col items-center justify-center text-slate-500 bg-white">
-          <GitFork className="w-12 h-12 mb-3 text-slate-300" />
-          <p className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-500">
+        <div className="console-panel rounded-lg flex-1 flex flex-col items-center justify-center text-secondary bg-surface">
+          <GitFork className="w-12 h-12 mb-3 text-tertiary" />
+          <p className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary">
             无法拉取当前选定目标的星系引用关系
           </p>
         </div>
diff --git a/dashboard/src/pages/LibraryPanel.tsx b/dashboard/src/pages/LibraryPanel.tsx
index a3e814b..863a33a 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/pages/LibraryPanel.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/pages/LibraryPanel.tsx
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import type { StandardPaper } from '../types';
 import { CustomSelect } from '../components/CustomSelect';
 import { PaperCard } from '../components/PaperCard';
 import type { TabId } from '../components/layout/Sidebar';
+import { motion } from 'framer-motion';
 
 interface LibraryPanelProps {
   library: StandardPaper[];
@@ -197,12 +198,12 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
 
   return (
     <div className="w-full max-w-5xl mx-auto space-y-6">
-      <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-4 border-b border-slate-200 pb-4 select-none">
+      <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-4 border-b border-subtle pb-4 select-none">
         <div>
-          <h2 className="text-sm font-bold tracking-wider text-slate-900 uppercase">
+          <h2 className="text-sm font-bold tracking-wider text-content uppercase">
             本地文献馆藏库
           </h2>
-          <p className="text-xs text-slate-500 mt-1">
+          <p className="text-xs text-secondary mt-1">
             查看和整理已同步离线保存的本地文献资源
           </p>
         </div>
@@ -223,8 +224,8 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
         <div
           className={`px-4 py-2.5 rounded-md text-xs font-bold flex items-center gap-2 transition-all select-none ${
             syncFeedback.type === 'success'
-              ? 'bg-emerald-50 border border-emerald-200/60 text-emerald-850'
-              : 'bg-rose-50 border border-rose-200/60 text-rose-850'
+              ? 'bg-emerald-50 dark:bg-emerald-500/10 border border-emerald-200/60 dark:border-emerald-500/30 text-success dark:text-emerald-300'
+              : 'bg-rose-50 dark:bg-rose-500/10 border border-rose-200/60 dark:border-rose-500/30 text-danger dark:text-rose-300'
           }`}
         >
           {syncFeedback.type === 'success' ? (
@@ -238,15 +239,15 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
 
       {/* 搜索、筛选与排序工具栏 */}
       {(!isLibraryEmpty || !isNoFilters) && (
-        <div className="flex flex-col gap-3.5 bg-white p-4 rounded-lg border border-slate-200 shadow-sm text-xs font-semibold text-slate-700">
+        <div className="flex flex-col gap-3.5 bg-surface p-4 rounded-lg  shadow-sm text-xs font-semibold text-secondary">
           <div className="flex flex-col sm:flex-row gap-3">
             {/* 本地检索 */}
             <div className="flex-1 space-y-1.5">
-              <label className="block text-slate-500 font-bold">
+              <label className="block text-secondary font-bold">
                 馆藏内检索
               </label>
               <div className="relative">
-                <Search className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 text-slate-400 w-3.5 h-3.5" />
+                <Search className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 text-tertiary w-3.5 h-3.5" />
                 <input
                   type="text"
                   value={searchTerm}
@@ -255,7 +256,7 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
                     setCurrentPage(1);
                   }}
                   placeholder="搜索文献标题、作者、摘要、Bibcode、arXiv ID 或 DOI..."
-                  className="w-full pl-9 pr-8 py-2 rounded-md bg-slate-50 border border-slate-250 text-slate-900 placeholder-slate-400 focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-white transition-all text-xs font-medium"
+                  className="w-full pl-9 pr-8 py-2 rounded-md bg-sunken border border-default  text-content placeholder-tertiary focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-surface transition-all text-xs font-medium"
                 />
                 {searchTerm && (
                   <button
@@ -264,7 +265,7 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
                       setSearchTerm('');
                       setCurrentPage(1);
                     }}
-                    className="absolute right-2.5 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 text-slate-400 hover:text-slate-600 transition-all p-0.5 rounded-full hover:bg-slate-100 cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-center"
+                    className="absolute right-2.5 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 text-tertiary hover:text-secondary transition-all p-0.5 rounded-full hover:bg-sunken cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-center"
                     title="清空检索内容"
                   >
                     <X className="w-3 h-3" />
@@ -275,7 +276,7 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
 
             {/* 状态过滤 */}
             <div className="w-full sm:w-36 space-y-1.5 font-bold flex flex-col">
-              <label className="block text-slate-500 font-bold">
+              <label className="block text-secondary font-bold">
                 任务状态筛选
               </label>
               <CustomSelect
@@ -300,7 +301,7 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
 
             {/* 文献类型筛选 */}
             <div className="w-full sm:w-36 space-y-1.5 font-bold flex flex-col">
-              <label className="block text-slate-500 font-bold">
+              <label className="block text-secondary font-bold">
                 文献类型筛选
               </label>
               <CustomSelect
@@ -330,7 +331,7 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
 
             {/* 排序方式 */}
             <div className="w-full sm:w-36 space-y-1.5 font-bold flex flex-col">
-              <label className="block text-slate-500 font-bold">
+              <label className="block text-secondary font-bold">
                 列表排序方式
               </label>
               <CustomSelect
@@ -357,7 +358,7 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
                 onClick={() => setShowAdvanced(!showAdvanced)}
                 className={`w-full sm:w-auto px-4 py-2 rounded-md border text-xs font-bold transition-all shrink-0 flex items-center justify-center gap-1.5 cursor-pointer ${
                   showAdvanced
-                    ? 'bg-slate-100 border-slate-350 text-slate-855'
+                    ? 'bg-sunken border-subtle text-content'
                     : 'btn-console btn-console-secondary'
                 }`}
               >
@@ -369,10 +370,10 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
 
           {/* 展开的元数据细化筛选字段 */}
           {showAdvanced && (
-            <div className="grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-3 gap-3 pt-3.5 border-t border-slate-100 w-full transition-all">
+            <div className="grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-3 gap-3 pt-3.5 border-t border-subtle w-full transition-all">
               {/* 作者过滤 */}
               <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                <label className="block text-slate-500 font-bold">
+                <label className="block text-secondary font-bold">
                   按特定作者过滤
                 </label>
                 <input
@@ -383,13 +384,13 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
                     setCurrentPage(1);
                   }}
                   placeholder="如: Althaus..."
-                  className="w-full px-3 py-2 rounded-md bg-slate-50 border border-slate-250 text-slate-900 placeholder-slate-400 focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-white transition-all text-xs font-medium"
+                  className="w-full px-3 py-2 rounded-md bg-sunken border border-default  text-content placeholder-tertiary focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-surface transition-all text-xs font-medium"
                 />
               </div>
 
               {/* 年份过滤 */}
               <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                <label className="block text-slate-500 font-bold">
+                <label className="block text-secondary font-bold">
                   按特定发表年份过滤
                 </label>
                 <input
@@ -400,13 +401,13 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
                     setCurrentPage(1);
                   }}
                   placeholder="如: 2023..."
-                  className="w-full px-3 py-2 rounded-md bg-slate-50 border border-slate-250 text-slate-900 placeholder-slate-400 focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-white transition-all text-xs font-medium"
+                  className="w-full px-3 py-2 rounded-md bg-sunken border border-default  text-content placeholder-tertiary focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-surface transition-all text-xs font-medium"
                 />
               </div>
 
               {/* 期刊过滤 */}
               <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                <label className="block text-slate-500 font-bold">
+                <label className="block text-secondary font-bold">
                   按特定出版期刊过滤
                 </label>
                 <input
@@ -417,7 +418,7 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
                     setCurrentPage(1);
                   }}
                   placeholder="如: ApJ 或 MNRAS..."
-                  className="w-full px-3 py-2 rounded-md bg-slate-50 border border-slate-250 text-slate-900 placeholder-slate-450 focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-white transition-all text-xs font-medium"
+                  className="w-full px-3 py-2 rounded-md bg-sunken border border-default  text-content placeholder-tertiary focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-surface transition-all text-xs font-medium"
                 />
               </div>
             </div>
@@ -426,47 +427,60 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
       )}
 
       {loading ? (
-        <div className="console-panel p-24 text-center border border-slate-200 bg-white rounded-lg select-none">
+        <div className="console-panel p-24 text-center  bg-surface rounded-lg select-none">
           <Loader2 className="w-10 h-10 animate-spin text-blueprint mx-auto mb-4" />
-          <p className="text-xs text-slate-500 font-bold">
+          <p className="text-xs text-secondary font-bold">
             正在为您读取馆藏数据库并进行筛选...
           </p>
         </div>
       ) : isLibraryEmpty ? (
-        <div className="console-panel p-16 rounded-lg text-center border-2 border-dashed border-slate-300">
-          <Library className="w-12 h-12 text-slate-400 mx-auto mb-4" />
-          <h3 className="font-bold text-slate-800 text-sm mb-2">
+        <div className="console-panel p-16 rounded-lg text-center border-2 border-dashed border-subtle relative overflow-hidden select-none">
+          <div
+            className="absolute inset-0 opacity-[0.03] dark:opacity-[0.05] pointer-events-none"
+            style={{
+              background:
+                'radial-gradient(circle at center, var(--color-blueprint) 0%, transparent 65%)',
+            }}
+          />
+          <motion.div
+            animate={{ y: [0, -6, 0] }}
+            transition={{ repeat: Infinity, duration: 4, ease: 'easeInOut' }}
+            className="w-16 h-16 rounded-2xl bg-blueprint/10 dark:bg-blueprint/15 border border-blueprint/20 flex items-center justify-center text-blueprint mx-auto mb-5 relative z-10"
+          >
+            <Library className="w-8 h-8" />
+          </motion.div>
+          <h3 className="font-bold text-content text-sm mb-2 relative z-10">
             本地文献馆藏为空
           </h3>
-          <p className="text-xs text-slate-500 mb-6 max-w-md mx-auto">
+          <p className="text-xs text-secondary mb-6 max-w-md mx-auto relative z-10 font-medium leading-relaxed">
             您在检索控制台下载的天体文献会自动同步离线保存到这里，方便进行无网双语解析阅读。
           </p>
           <button
             onClick={() => setActiveTab('search')}
-            className="btn-console btn-console-primary px-6 py-2.5 rounded-md text-xs font-bold cursor-pointer"
+            className="btn-console btn-console-primary px-6 py-2.5 rounded-md text-xs font-bold cursor-pointer relative z-10 hover:scale-105 active:scale-95 transition-all"
           >
             前往检索文献资源
           </button>
         </div>
       ) : library.length === 0 ? (
-        <div className="console-panel p-12 rounded-lg text-center border border-slate-200 bg-white">
-          <SlidersHorizontal className="w-10 h-10 text-slate-350 mx-auto mb-3" />
-          <h3 className="font-bold text-slate-700 text-xs mb-1.5">
+        <div className="console-panel p-12 rounded-lg text-center  bg-surface">
+          <SlidersHorizontal className="w-10 h-10 text-tertiary mx-auto mb-3" />
+          <h3 className="font-bold text-secondary text-xs mb-1.5">
             未找到符合筛选条件的文献
           </h3>
-          <p className="text-xs text-slate-455 max-w-sm mx-auto mb-4">
+          <p className="text-xs text-tertiary max-w-sm mx-auto mb-4">
             请尝试修改您的馆藏检索关键词或放宽离线状态及高级元数据筛选条件。
           </p>
           <button
             onClick={handleResetFilters}
-            className="px-4 py-1.5 bg-slate-100 hover:bg-slate-200 text-slate-655 rounded-md text-xs font-bold transition-all cursor-pointer"
+            className="px-4 py-1.5 bg-sunken hover:bg-border-subtle text-secondary rounded-md text-xs font-bold transition-all cursor-pointer"
           >
             重置全部检索与过滤条件
           </button>
         </div>
       ) : (
         <div className="space-y-4">
-          <div className="flex justify-between items-center text-xs text-slate-500 font-bold px-1 select-none">
+          <div className="flex justify-between items-center text-xs text-secondary font-bold px-1 select-none">
             <span>正在显示当前分页文献 / 筛选后共 {totalCount} 篇</span>
             <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
               <span>每页显示</span>
@@ -509,19 +523,19 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
                       }
                       className={`absolute top-0 right-0 px-2 py-0.5 text-[9px] font-bold border-b border-l rounded-bl ${
                         paper.has_vector
-                          ? 'bg-amber-50 text-amber-700 border-amber-200/60'
+                          ? 'bg-amber-50 dark:bg-amber-500/10 text-warning dark:text-amber-300 border-amber-200/60 dark:border-amber-500/30'
                           : paper.has_translation
-                            ? 'bg-emerald-50 text-emerald-850 border-emerald-200/60'
+                            ? 'bg-emerald-50 dark:bg-emerald-500/10 text-success dark:text-emerald-300 border-emerald-200/60 dark:border-emerald-500/30'
                             : paper.has_markdown
                               ? 'bg-blue-50 text-blue-800 border-blue-200/60'
                               : paper.is_downloaded
-                                ? 'bg-slate-100 text-slate-800 border-slate-250'
+                                ? 'bg-sunken text-content border-subtle'
                                 : paper.pdf_error === 'no_resource' &&
                                     paper.html_error === 'no_resource'
-                                  ? 'bg-slate-50 text-slate-550 border-slate-200 cursor-help'
+                                  ? 'bg-sunken text-secondary border-subtle cursor-help'
                                   : paper.pdf_error || paper.html_error
-                                    ? 'bg-rose-50 text-rose-850 border-rose-200/60 cursor-help'
-                                    : 'bg-slate-50 text-slate-550 border-slate-100'
+                                    ? 'bg-rose-50 dark:bg-rose-500/10 text-danger dark:text-rose-300 border-rose-200/60 dark:border-rose-500/30 cursor-help'
+                                    : 'bg-sunken text-secondary border-subtle'
                       }`}
                     >
                       {paper.has_vector
@@ -549,7 +563,7 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
                             e.stopPropagation();
                             onOpenReader(paper);
                           }}
-                          className="px-2.5 py-1 rounded bg-slate-100 hover:bg-slate-200 text-slate-800 border border-slate-250 font-bold transition-all text-[9px] flex items-center gap-1 shadow-2xs cursor-pointer animate-fade-in"
+                          className="px-3 py-2 rounded bg-sunken hover:bg-border-subtle text-content  font-bold transition-all text-[9px] flex items-center gap-1 shadow-sm cursor-pointer animate-fade-in min-h-[34px]"
                         >
                           <BookOpen className="w-3 h-3" />
                           <span>阅读</span>
@@ -560,7 +574,7 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
                             e.stopPropagation();
                             onOpenCitation(paper);
                           }}
-                          className="px-2.5 py-1 rounded bg-slate-50 hover:bg-slate-150 text-slate-655 border border-slate-250 font-bold transition-all text-[9px] flex items-center gap-1 shadow-2xs cursor-pointer animate-fade-in"
+                          className="px-3 py-2 rounded bg-sunken hover:bg-sunken text-secondary  font-bold transition-all text-[9px] flex items-center gap-1 shadow-sm cursor-pointer animate-fade-in min-h-[34px]"
                         >
                           <GitFork className="w-3 h-3" />
                           <span>图谱</span>
@@ -572,17 +586,17 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
                     <>
                       <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
                         <span
-                          className={`w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full ${paper.has_translation ? 'bg-emerald-500' : 'bg-slate-200'}`}
+                          className={`w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full ${paper.has_translation ? 'bg-emerald-500' : 'bg-border-subtle'}`}
                         />
-                        <span className="text-slate-400 text-[9px]">
+                        <span className="text-tertiary text-[9px]">
                           {paper.has_translation ? '翻译' : '未翻译'}
                         </span>
                       </div>
                       <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
                         <span
-                          className={`w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full ${paper.has_vector ? 'bg-amber-500' : 'bg-slate-200'}`}
+                          className={`w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full ${paper.has_vector ? 'bg-amber-500' : 'bg-border-subtle'}`}
                         />
-                        <span className="text-slate-400 text-[9px]">
+                        <span className="text-tertiary text-[9px]">
                           {paper.has_vector ? '向量库' : '未向量化'}
                         </span>
                       </div>
@@ -595,20 +609,20 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
 
           {/* 分页控制面板 */}
           {totalPages > 1 && (
-            <div className="flex items-center justify-between border border-slate-200 bg-white px-5 py-4 rounded-xl shadow-xs select-none">
+            <div className="flex items-center justify-between  bg-surface px-5 py-4 rounded-xl select-none">
               {/* 移动端两键分页 */}
               <div className="flex flex-1 justify-between sm:hidden">
                 <button
                   disabled={currentPage <= 1}
                   onClick={() => setCurrentPage(currentPage - 1)}
-                  className="relative inline-flex items-center rounded-lg border border-slate-250 bg-white px-4 py-2 text-xs font-bold text-slate-700 hover:bg-slate-50 disabled:opacity-50 transition-all cursor-pointer"
+                  className="relative inline-flex items-center rounded-lg  bg-surface px-4 py-2 text-xs font-bold text-secondary hover:bg-sunken disabled:opacity-50 transition-all cursor-pointer"
                 >
                   上一页
                 </button>
                 <button
                   disabled={currentPage >= totalPages}
                   onClick={() => setCurrentPage(currentPage + 1)}
-                  className="relative ml-3 inline-flex items-center rounded-lg border border-slate-250 bg-white px-4 py-2 text-xs font-bold text-slate-700 hover:bg-slate-50 disabled:opacity-50 transition-all cursor-pointer"
+                  className="relative ml-3 inline-flex items-center rounded-lg  bg-surface px-4 py-2 text-xs font-bold text-secondary hover:bg-sunken disabled:opacity-50 transition-all cursor-pointer"
                 >
                   下一页
                 </button>
@@ -617,19 +631,17 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
               {/* 桌面端完整分页 */}
               <div className="hidden sm:flex sm:flex-1 sm:items-center sm:justify-between">
                 <div>
-                  <p className="text-xs text-slate-500 font-semibold">
+                  <p className="text-xs text-secondary font-semibold">
                     显示第{' '}
-                    <span className="font-bold text-slate-900">
+                    <span className="font-bold text-content">
                       {(currentPage - 1) * pageSize + 1}
                     </span>{' '}
                     至{' '}
-                    <span className="font-bold text-slate-900">
+                    <span className="font-bold text-content">
                       {Math.min(currentPage * pageSize, totalCount)}
                     </span>{' '}
                     篇文献，共{' '}
-                    <span className="font-bold text-slate-900">
-                      {totalCount}
-                    </span>{' '}
+                    <span className="font-bold text-content">{totalCount}</span>{' '}
                     篇文献
                   </p>
                 </div>
@@ -645,8 +657,8 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
                       onClick={() => setCurrentPage(currentPage - 1)}
                       className={`h-8 px-3 rounded-lg flex items-center justify-center text-xs font-bold transition-all ${
                         currentPage <= 1
-                          ? 'bg-slate-50 border border-slate-100 text-slate-400 cursor-not-allowed opacity-50'
-                          : 'bg-white hover:bg-slate-50 border border-slate-200 text-slate-650 hover:text-slate-800 cursor-pointer shadow-3xs hover:shadow-2xs'
+                          ? 'bg-sunken  text-tertiary cursor-not-allowed opacity-50'
+                          : 'bg-surface hover:bg-sunken  text-secondary hover:text-content cursor-pointer hover:shadow-sm'
                       }`}
                     >
                       <span>上一页</span>
@@ -666,8 +678,8 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
                             onClick={() => setCurrentPage(pageNum)}
                             className={`h-8 min-w-8 rounded-lg flex items-center justify-center text-xs font-bold transition-all cursor-pointer ${
                               currentPage === pageNum
-                                ? 'bg-blueprint text-white shadow-xs'
-                                : 'bg-white hover:bg-slate-50 border border-slate-200 text-slate-655 hover:text-slate-800 shadow-3xs'
+                                ? 'bg-blueprint text-white'
+                                : 'bg-surface hover:bg-sunken  text-secondary hover:text-content'
                             }`}
                           >
                             {pageNum}
@@ -680,7 +692,7 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
                         return (
                           <span
                             key={pageNum}
-                            className="h-8 min-w-8 flex items-center justify-center text-slate-400 text-xs font-bold"
+                            className="h-8 min-w-8 flex items-center justify-center text-tertiary text-xs font-bold"
                           >
                             ...
                           </span>
@@ -694,8 +706,8 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
                       onClick={() => setCurrentPage(currentPage + 1)}
                       className={`h-8 px-3 rounded-lg flex items-center justify-center text-xs font-bold transition-all ${
                         currentPage >= totalPages
-                          ? 'bg-slate-50 border border-slate-100 text-slate-400 cursor-not-allowed opacity-50'
-                          : 'bg-white hover:bg-slate-50 border border-slate-200 text-slate-655 hover:text-slate-800 cursor-pointer shadow-3xs hover:shadow-2xs'
+                          ? 'bg-sunken  text-tertiary cursor-not-allowed opacity-50'
+                          : 'bg-surface hover:bg-sunken  text-secondary hover:text-content cursor-pointer hover:shadow-sm'
                       }`}
                     >
                       <span>下一页</span>
@@ -703,8 +715,8 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
                   </nav>
 
                   {/* 快捷跳转输入框 */}
-                  <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 border-l border-slate-200 pl-4 h-6">
-                    <span className="text-slate-450 text-[11px] font-semibold">
+                  <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 border-l border-subtle pl-4 h-6">
+                    <span className="text-tertiary text-[11px] font-semibold">
                       前往第
                     </span>
                     <input
@@ -713,9 +725,9 @@ export function LibraryPanel({
                       onChange={handlePageInputChange}
                       onKeyDown={handlePageInputKeyDown}
                       onBlur={handlePageInputBlur}
-                      className="w-10 h-7 text-center rounded-md border border-slate-250 bg-slate-55/50 text-slate-800 text-xs font-bold focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-white focus:ring-1 focus:ring-blueprint transition-all shadow-3xs"
+                      className="w-10 h-7 text-center rounded-md  bg-sunken/50 text-content text-xs font-bold focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-surface focus:ring-1 focus:ring-blueprint transition-all"
                     />
-                    <span className="text-slate-455 text-[11px] font-semibold">
+                    <span className="text-tertiary text-[11px] font-semibold">
                       / {totalPages} 页
                     </span>
                   </div>
diff --git a/dashboard/src/pages/ObservationPanel.tsx b/dashboard/src/pages/ObservationPanel.tsx
index 743a63e..ac3d44d 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/pages/ObservationPanel.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/pages/ObservationPanel.tsx
@@ -118,23 +118,23 @@ export function ObservationPanel(props: ObservationPanelProps) {
   return (
     <div className="w-full max-w-5xl mx-auto space-y-6">
       {/* 标题栏 */}
-      <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-4 border-b border-slate-200 pb-4 select-none">
+      <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-4 border-b border-subtle pb-4 select-none">
         <div>
-          <h2 className="text-sm font-bold tracking-wider text-slate-900 uppercase">
+          <h2 className="text-sm font-bold tracking-wider text-content uppercase">
             观测数据
           </h2>
-          <p className="text-xs text-slate-500 mt-1">
+          <p className="text-xs text-secondary mt-1">
             检索、下载与浏览多源观测数据（光谱 / 光变曲线 / 测光 / 图像）
           </p>
         </div>
         {/* 二级视图切换 SegControl */}
-        <div className="flex items-center gap-1 bg-slate-100 p-1 rounded-lg border border-slate-200">
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-1 bg-sunken p-1 rounded-lg ">
           <button
             onClick={() => setView('search')}
             className={`px-3 py-1.5 rounded-md text-xs font-bold flex items-center gap-1.5 transition-all ${
               view === 'search'
-                ? 'bg-white text-slate-800 shadow-xs'
-                : 'text-slate-500 hover:text-slate-700'
+                ? 'bg-surface text-content'
+                : 'text-secondary hover:text-content'
             }`}
           >
             <Search className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
@@ -144,8 +144,8 @@ export function ObservationPanel(props: ObservationPanelProps) {
             onClick={() => setView('unified')}
             className={`px-3 py-1.5 rounded-md text-xs font-bold flex items-center gap-1.5 transition-all ${
               view === 'unified'
-                ? 'bg-white text-slate-800 shadow-xs'
-                : 'text-slate-500 hover:text-slate-700'
+                ? 'bg-surface text-content'
+                : 'text-secondary hover:text-content'
             }`}
           >
             <Globe className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
@@ -155,8 +155,8 @@ export function ObservationPanel(props: ObservationPanelProps) {
             onClick={() => setView('library')}
             className={`px-3 py-1.5 rounded-md text-xs font-bold flex items-center gap-1.5 transition-all ${
               view === 'library'
-                ? 'bg-white text-slate-800 shadow-xs'
-                : 'text-slate-500 hover:text-slate-700'
+                ? 'bg-surface text-content'
+                : 'text-secondary hover:text-content'
             }`}
           >
             <Database className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
@@ -304,16 +304,16 @@ function SearchView({
   return (
     <div className="space-y-5">
       {/* 表单卡片 */}
-      <div className="bg-white border border-slate-200 rounded-lg p-4 shadow-xs space-y-4">
+      <div className="console-panel rounded-lg p-4 space-y-4">
         {/* 输入模式切换 */}
         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs font-bold">
-          <span className="text-slate-500">输入模式：</span>
+          <span className="text-secondary">输入模式：</span>
           <button
             onClick={() => setInputMode('coordinates')}
             className={`px-2.5 py-1 rounded-md transition-all ${
               inputMode === 'coordinates'
                 ? 'bg-blueprint text-white'
-                : 'bg-slate-100 text-slate-600 hover:bg-slate-200'
+                : 'bg-sunken text-secondary hover:bg-border-subtle'
             }`}
           >
             坐标锥形检索
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ function SearchView({
             className={`px-2.5 py-1 rounded-md transition-all ${
               inputMode === 'identifiers'
                 ? 'bg-blueprint text-white'
-                : 'bg-slate-100 text-slate-600 hover:bg-slate-200'
+                : 'bg-sunken text-secondary hover:bg-border-subtle'
             }`}
           >
             标识符直接下载
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ function SearchView({
             }
           >
             {releaseOptions.length === 0 ? (
-              <div className="w-full px-2.5 py-2 rounded-md bg-slate-50 border border-slate-200 text-slate-400 text-xs font-medium select-none">
+              <div className="w-full px-2.5 py-2 rounded-md bg-sunken text-tertiary text-xs font-medium select-none">
                 该源不区分版本
               </div>
             ) : (
@@ -431,7 +431,7 @@ function SearchView({
 
         {/* Internal DR 需登录提示 */}
         {currentReleaseNeedsAuth && (
-          <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-rose-700 bg-rose-50 border border-rose-200 rounded-md p-2.5">
+          <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-rose-700 dark:text-rose-300 bg-rose-50 dark:bg-rose-500/10 border border-rose-200 dark:border-rose-500/30 rounded-md p-2.5">
             <Lock className="w-3.5 h-3.5 shrink-0" />
             <span>
               {searchForm.release.toUpperCase()} 当前为 Internal 数据发布，需经
@@ -442,7 +442,7 @@ function SearchView({
 
         {/* 交叉约束提示：当前 release 不支持该 subtype */}
         {subtypeBlocked && (
-          <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-amber-700 bg-amber-50 border border-amber-200 rounded-md p-2.5">
+          <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-amber-700 dark:text-amber-300 bg-amber-50 dark:bg-amber-500/10 border border-amber-200 dark:border-amber-500/30 rounded-md p-2.5">
             <AlertTriangle className="w-3.5 h-3.5 shrink-0" />
             <span>{subtypeBlocked}</span>
             {currentSpec?.subtypes && currentSpec.subtypes.length > 0 && (
@@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ function SearchView({
                     setSearchForm((f) => ({ ...f, ra: e.target.value }))
                   }
                   placeholder="0~360"
-                  className="w-full px-2.5 py-2 rounded-md bg-slate-50 border border-slate-250 text-slate-900 placeholder-slate-400 focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-white transition-all text-xs font-mono"
+                  className="w-full px-2.5 py-2 rounded-md bg-sunken border border-default  text-content placeholder-tertiary focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-surface transition-all text-xs font-mono"
                 />
               </Field>
               <Field label="Dec（度）">
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ function SearchView({
                     setSearchForm((f) => ({ ...f, dec: e.target.value }))
                   }
                   placeholder="-90~90"
-                  className="w-full px-2.5 py-2 rounded-md bg-slate-50 border border-slate-250 text-slate-900 placeholder-slate-400 focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-white transition-all text-xs font-mono"
+                  className="w-full px-2.5 py-2 rounded-md bg-sunken border border-default  text-content placeholder-tertiary focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-surface transition-all text-xs font-mono"
                 />
               </Field>
               <Field
@@ -503,7 +503,7 @@ function SearchView({
                     setSearchForm((f) => ({ ...f, radius: e.target.value }))
                   }
                   placeholder={`默认 0.1，建议 ≤${currentSpec?.suggested_max_radius_deg ?? 1}°`}
-                  className="w-full px-2.5 py-2 rounded-md bg-slate-50 border border-slate-250 text-slate-900 placeholder-slate-400 focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-white transition-all text-xs font-mono"
+                  className="w-full px-2.5 py-2 rounded-md bg-sunken border border-default  text-content placeholder-tertiary focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-surface transition-all text-xs font-mono"
                 />
               </Field>
             </div>
@@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ function SearchView({
                 currentSpec.suggested_max_radius_deg &&
               parseFloat(searchForm.radius) <=
                 currentSpec.hard_max_radius_deg && (
-                <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-amber-700 bg-amber-50 border border-amber-200 rounded-md p-2.5">
+                <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-amber-700 dark:text-amber-300 bg-amber-50 dark:bg-amber-500/10 border border-amber-200 dark:border-amber-500/30 rounded-md p-2.5">
                   <AlertTriangle className="w-3.5 h-3.5 shrink-0" />
                   <span>
                     当前半径 {searchForm.radius}° 超出建议值（≤
@@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ function SearchView({
                 )}
                 {searching ? '检索中...' : '检索候选源'}
               </button>
-              <span className="text-[10px] text-slate-400">
+              <span className="text-[10px] text-tertiary">
                 先检索候选源，勾选后再下载；或直接"按坐标下载全部"
               </span>
               <button
@@ -564,7 +564,7 @@ function SearchView({
                     ? `格式：${identifierFormat}，如 65214031805717376`
                     : '输入源标识符，多个用逗号或换行分隔'
                 }
-                className="w-full px-2.5 py-2 rounded-md bg-slate-50 border border-slate-250 text-slate-900 placeholder-slate-400 focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-white transition-all text-xs font-mono"
+                className="w-full px-2.5 py-2 rounded-md bg-sunken border border-default  text-content placeholder-tertiary focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-surface transition-all text-xs font-mono"
               />
             </Field>
             <button
@@ -585,7 +585,7 @@ function SearchView({
 
       {/* 检索错误 */}
       {searchError && (
-        <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-rose-700 bg-rose-50 border border-rose-200 rounded-md p-3">
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-rose-700 dark:text-rose-300 bg-rose-50 dark:bg-rose-500/10 border border-rose-200 dark:border-rose-500/30 rounded-md p-3">
           <AlertTriangle className="w-4 h-4 shrink-0" />
           <span>{searchError}</span>
         </div>
@@ -595,10 +595,10 @@ function SearchView({
       {inputMode === 'coordinates' && searchResults.length > 0 && (
         <div className="space-y-3">
           <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
-            <h3 className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-700 flex items-center gap-1.5">
+            <h3 className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary flex items-center gap-1.5">
               <Activity className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-blueprint" />
               候选源列表
-              <span className="text-slate-400 font-normal">
+              <span className="text-tertiary font-normal">
                 （共 {searchResults.length} 条命中）
               </span>
             </h3>
@@ -609,14 +609,14 @@ function SearchView({
               >
                 全选
               </button>
-              <span className="text-slate-300">|</span>
+              <span className="text-tertiary">|</span>
               <button
                 onClick={selectNone}
-                className="text-slate-500 hover:underline font-bold"
+                className="text-secondary hover:underline font-bold"
               >
                 清空
               </button>
-              <span className="text-slate-400 ml-2">
+              <span className="text-tertiary ml-2">
                 已选 {selectedSourceIds.size}
               </span>
             </div>
@@ -632,7 +632,7 @@ function SearchView({
                   className={`flex items-start gap-2 p-2.5 rounded-md border cursor-pointer transition-all ${
                     checked
                       ? 'border-blueprint bg-blueprint/5 ring-1 ring-blueprint'
-                      : 'border-slate-200 bg-white hover:border-slate-300'
+                      : 'border-subtle bg-surface hover:border-subtle'
                   }`}
                 >
                   <input
@@ -648,11 +648,11 @@ function SearchView({
                       >
                         {theme.label}
                       </span>
-                      <span className="font-mono text-[10px] text-slate-700 truncate font-semibold">
+                      <span className="font-mono text-[10px] text-secondary truncate font-semibold">
                         {c.source_id}
                       </span>
                     </div>
-                    <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-[10px] text-slate-500">
+                    <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-[10px] text-secondary">
                       {c.ra != null && c.dec != null && (
                         <span className="font-mono">
                           ({c.ra.toFixed(4)}, {c.dec.toFixed(4)})
@@ -692,15 +692,15 @@ function SearchView({
         !searchError &&
         searchForm.ra &&
         searchForm.dec && (
-          <div className="text-center py-8 text-xs text-slate-400">
-            <Telescope className="w-8 h-8 mx-auto mb-2 text-slate-300" />
+          <div className="text-center py-8 text-xs text-tertiary">
+            <Telescope className="w-8 h-8 mx-auto mb-2 text-tertiary" />
             该天区无匹配候选源，可尝试调整半径或更换数据源
           </div>
         )}
 
       {/* 下载错误 */}
       {downloadError && (
-        <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-rose-700 bg-rose-50 border border-rose-200 rounded-md p-3">
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-rose-700 dark:text-rose-300 bg-rose-50 dark:bg-rose-500/10 border border-rose-200 dark:border-rose-500/30 rounded-md p-3">
           <AlertTriangle className="w-4 h-4 shrink-0" />
           <span>{downloadError}</span>
         </div>
@@ -710,13 +710,13 @@ function SearchView({
       {downloadResult && (
         <div className="space-y-2">
           <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
-            <h3 className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-700 flex items-center gap-1.5">
-              <CheckCircle2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-emerald-600" />
+            <h3 className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary flex items-center gap-1.5">
+              <CheckCircle2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-success" />
               下载结果
             </h3>
             <button
               onClick={() => setDownloadResult(null)}
-              className="text-[10px] text-slate-400 hover:text-slate-600"
+              className="text-[10px] text-tertiary hover:text-secondary"
             >
               <X className="w-3 h-3" />
             </button>
@@ -776,25 +776,25 @@ function LibraryView({
       </div>
 
       {/* 筛选工具栏 */}
-      <div className="flex flex-col sm:flex-row gap-3 bg-white p-4 rounded-lg border border-slate-200 shadow-sm text-xs font-semibold text-slate-700">
+      <div className="console-panel flex flex-col sm:flex-row gap-3 p-4 rounded-lg text-xs font-semibold text-secondary">
         <div className="flex-1 space-y-1.5">
-          <label className="block text-slate-500 font-bold">
+          <label className="block text-secondary font-bold">
             source_id 检索
           </label>
           <div className="relative">
-            <Search className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 text-slate-400 w-3.5 h-3.5" />
+            <Search className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 text-tertiary w-3.5 h-3.5" />
             <input
               type="text"
               value={libSearch}
               onChange={(e) => setLibSearch(e.target.value)}
               placeholder="按 source_id 模糊匹配..."
-              className="w-full pl-9 pr-8 py-2 rounded-md bg-slate-50 border border-slate-250 text-slate-900 placeholder-slate-400 focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-white transition-all text-xs font-medium"
+              className="w-full pl-9 pr-8 py-2 rounded-md bg-sunken border border-default  text-content placeholder-tertiary focus:outline-none focus:border-blueprint focus:bg-surface transition-all text-xs font-medium"
             />
             {libSearch && (
               <button
                 type="button"
                 onClick={() => setLibSearch('')}
-                className="absolute right-2.5 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 text-slate-400 hover:text-slate-600 p-0.5"
+                className="absolute right-2.5 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 text-tertiary hover:text-secondary p-0.5"
               >
                 <X className="w-3 h-3" />
               </button>
@@ -865,7 +865,7 @@ function LibraryView({
 
       {/* 错误提示 */}
       {libraryError && (
-        <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-rose-700 bg-rose-50 border border-rose-200 rounded-md p-3">
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-rose-700 dark:text-rose-300 bg-rose-50 dark:bg-rose-500/10 border border-rose-200 dark:border-rose-500/30 rounded-md p-3">
           <AlertTriangle className="w-4 h-4 shrink-0" />
           <span>{libraryError}</span>
         </div>
@@ -873,7 +873,7 @@ function LibraryView({
 
       {/* 加载态 */}
       {libraryLoading && (
-        <div className="flex flex-col items-center justify-center py-12 text-slate-500">
+        <div className="flex flex-col items-center justify-center py-12 text-secondary">
           <Loader2 className="w-8 h-8 animate-spin text-blueprint mb-2" />
           <span className="text-xs">正在加载缓存库...</span>
         </div>
@@ -881,8 +881,8 @@ function LibraryView({
 
       {/* 空态 */}
       {!libraryLoading && libraryItems.length === 0 && !libraryError && (
-        <div className="flex flex-col items-center justify-center py-16 text-slate-400">
-          <Database className="w-10 h-10 mb-3 text-slate-300" />
+        <div className="flex flex-col items-center justify-center py-16 text-tertiary">
+          <Database className="w-10 h-10 mb-3 text-tertiary" />
           <p className="text-xs font-medium">缓存库为空</p>
           <p className="text-[10px] mt-1">
             切换到「检索下载」视图获取观测数据后会自动缓存到此
@@ -893,17 +893,42 @@ function LibraryView({
       {/* 列表 */}
       {!libraryLoading && libraryItems.length > 0 && (
         <>
-          <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-3">
+          {/* 移动端单栏列表 */}
+          <div className="space-y-3 md:hidden">
             {libraryItems.map((rec) => (
               <LibraryCard
-                key={`${rec.source}|${rec.product}|${rec.source_id}`}
+                key={`mob-${rec.source}|${rec.product}|${rec.source_id}`}
                 rec={rec}
               />
             ))}
           </div>
 
+          {/* 桌面端双栏瀑布流 */}
+          <div className="hidden md:flex md:flex-row gap-3 items-start">
+            <div className="flex-1 flex flex-col gap-3 min-w-0">
+              {libraryItems
+                .filter((_, idx) => idx % 2 === 0)
+                .map((rec) => (
+                  <LibraryCard
+                    key={`desk-l-${rec.source}|${rec.product}|${rec.source_id}`}
+                    rec={rec}
+                  />
+                ))}
+            </div>
+            <div className="flex-1 flex flex-col gap-3 min-w-0">
+              {libraryItems
+                .filter((_, idx) => idx % 2 !== 0)
+                .map((rec) => (
+                  <LibraryCard
+                    key={`desk-r-${rec.source}|${rec.product}|${rec.source_id}`}
+                    rec={rec}
+                  />
+                ))}
+            </div>
+          </div>
+
           {/* 分页栏 */}
-          <div className="flex items-center justify-between flex-wrap gap-3 pt-4 border-t border-slate-200 text-xs font-semibold text-slate-600">
+          <div className="flex items-center justify-between flex-wrap gap-3 pt-4 border-t border-subtle text-xs font-semibold text-secondary">
             <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
               <span>每页</span>
               <CustomSelect
@@ -925,14 +950,14 @@ function LibraryView({
               <button
                 onClick={() => setLibPage(1)}
                 disabled={libPage <= 1}
-                className="px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-white border border-slate-200 hover:bg-slate-50 disabled:opacity-40 font-bold"
+                className="btn-console px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md disabled:opacity-40 text-[10px] font-bold"
               >
                 首页
               </button>
               <button
                 onClick={() => setLibPage(libPage - 1)}
                 disabled={libPage <= 1}
-                className="px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-white border border-slate-200 hover:bg-slate-50 disabled:opacity-40 font-bold"
+                className="btn-console px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md disabled:opacity-40 text-[10px] font-bold"
               >
                 上一页
               </button>
@@ -942,14 +967,14 @@ function LibraryView({
               <button
                 onClick={() => setLibPage(libPage + 1)}
                 disabled={libPage >= totalPages}
-                className="px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-white border border-slate-200 hover:bg-slate-50 disabled:opacity-40 font-bold"
+                className="btn-console px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md disabled:opacity-40 text-[10px] font-bold"
               >
                 下一页
               </button>
               <button
                 onClick={() => setLibPage(totalPages)}
                 disabled={libPage >= totalPages}
-                className="px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-white border border-slate-200 hover:bg-slate-50 disabled:opacity-40 font-bold"
+                className="btn-console px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md disabled:opacity-40 text-[10px] font-bold"
               >
                 末页
               </button>
@@ -980,7 +1005,7 @@ function Field({
         compact ? 'w-full sm:w-36 space-y-1.5 font-bold' : 'space-y-1.5'
       }
     >
-      <label className="block text-slate-500 font-bold text-xs">{label}</label>
+      <label className="block text-secondary font-bold text-xs">{label}</label>
       {children}
     </div>
   );
@@ -996,12 +1021,12 @@ function StatCard({
   value: string;
 }) {
   return (
-    <div className="bg-white border border-slate-200 rounded-lg p-3 shadow-xs">
-      <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[10px] font-bold text-slate-500 tracking-wider uppercase mb-1.5">
+    <div className="console-panel rounded-lg p-3">
+      <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[10px] font-bold text-secondary tracking-wider uppercase mb-1.5">
         {icon}
         <span>{label}</span>
       </div>
-      <div className="text-base font-bold text-slate-800">{value}</div>
+      <div className="text-base font-bold text-content">{value}</div>
     </div>
   );
 }
@@ -1031,31 +1056,66 @@ function LibraryCard({ rec }: { rec: ObservationRecord }) {
   const { fetchPreview, getPreview } = useObservationPreview();
   const [expanded, setExpanded] = useState<Record<string, boolean>>({});
 
+  // 点击卡片主体切换第一个产物的预览状态（排除按钮或下载链接的点击）
+  const handleCardClick = (e: React.MouseEvent) => {
+    const target = e.target as HTMLElement;
+    if (
+      target.closest('button') ||
+      target.closest('a') ||
+      target.closest('input')
+    ) {
+      return;
+    }
+    if (artifacts.length > 0) {
+      const firstIdx = 0;
+      const previewKey = `${rec.source_id}#${firstIdx}`;
+      const previewable = canPreview(rec.product, artifacts[firstIdx].format);
+      if (!previewable) return;
+
+      const isOpen = expanded[previewKey] ?? false;
+      const previewState = getPreview(rec.source_id, firstIdx);
+      const next = !isOpen;
+      setExpanded((m) => ({ ...m, [previewKey]: next }));
+      if (next && !previewState.data && !previewState.loading) {
+        fetchPreview(
+          rec.source,
+          rec.product,
+          undefined,
+          rec.source_id,
+          firstIdx
+        );
+      }
+    }
+  };
+
   return (
-    <div className="bg-white border border-slate-200 rounded-lg p-3.5 shadow-xs hover:shadow-md hover:border-slate-300 transition-all">
-      <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-2 pb-2 border-b border-slate-100">
+    <div
+      onClick={handleCardClick}
+      className="console-panel rounded-lg p-3.5 cursor-pointer select-none"
+    >
+      <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-2 pb-2 border-b border-subtle">
         <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5">
           <span
             className={`px-2 py-0.5 rounded text-[10px] font-bold ${theme.badge}`}
           >
             {theme.label}
           </span>
-          <span className="px-2 py-0.5 rounded text-[10px] font-bold bg-slate-200 text-slate-700">
+          <span className="px-2 py-0.5 rounded text-[10px] font-bold bg-border-subtle text-secondary">
             {productLabel}
           </span>
         </div>
-        <span className="text-[9px] text-slate-400 font-mono">
+        <span className="text-[9px] text-tertiary font-mono">
           {rec.created_at.replace('T', ' ').slice(0, 19)}
         </span>
       </div>
 
       <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-2">
         <div className="min-w-0">
-          <div className="text-[9px] font-bold text-slate-400 tracking-widest uppercase">
+          <div className="text-[9px] font-bold text-tertiary tracking-widest uppercase">
             Source ID
           </div>
           <div
-            className="font-mono text-xs text-slate-800 font-semibold truncate"
+            className="font-mono text-xs text-content font-semibold truncate"
             title={rec.source_id}
           >
             {rec.source_id}
@@ -1063,10 +1123,10 @@ function LibraryCard({ rec }: { rec: ObservationRecord }) {
         </div>
         {rec.ra != null && rec.dec != null && (
           <div className="text-right shrink-0 ml-2">
-            <div className="text-[9px] font-bold text-slate-400 tracking-widest uppercase">
+            <div className="text-[9px] font-bold text-tertiary tracking-widest uppercase">
               坐标
             </div>
-            <div className="font-mono text-[10px] text-slate-600">
+            <div className="font-mono text-[10px] text-secondary">
               {rec.ra.toFixed(4)}, {rec.dec.toFixed(4)}
             </div>
           </div>
@@ -1074,7 +1134,7 @@ function LibraryCard({ rec }: { rec: ObservationRecord }) {
       </div>
 
       {artifacts.length === 0 ? (
-        <p className="text-[10px] text-slate-400 italic">产物清单缺失</p>
+        <p className="text-[10px] text-tertiary italic">产物清单缺失</p>
       ) : (
         <div className="space-y-1">
           {artifacts.map((a, i) => {
@@ -1098,8 +1158,8 @@ function LibraryCard({ rec }: { rec: ObservationRecord }) {
             };
             return (
               <div key={i} className="space-y-1">
-                <div className="flex items-center justify-between text-[10px] pl-2 border-l-2 border-slate-100">
-                  <span className="text-slate-500 flex items-center gap-1 min-w-0">
+                <div className="flex items-center justify-between text-[10px] pl-2 border-l-2 border-subtle">
+                  <span className="text-secondary flex items-center gap-1 min-w-0">
                     {a.band && (
                       <span className="px-1 py-0.5 rounded bg-violet-100 text-violet-700 font-medium shrink-0">
                         {a.band}
@@ -1108,7 +1168,7 @@ function LibraryCard({ rec }: { rec: ObservationRecord }) {
                     <span className="font-mono uppercase shrink-0">
                       {a.format}
                     </span>
-                    <span className="text-slate-400">
+                    <span className="text-tertiary">
                       ·{' '}
                       {typeof a.size === 'number'
                         ? formatFileSize(a.size)
@@ -1119,13 +1179,17 @@ function LibraryCard({ rec }: { rec: ObservationRecord }) {
                     {previewable && (
                       <button
                         onClick={togglePreview}
-                        className="flex items-center gap-0.5 font-medium text-slate-500 hover:text-slate-800 transition-colors"
+                        className={`p-1 rounded transition-all flex items-center justify-center cursor-pointer ${
+                          isOpen
+                            ? 'text-blueprint bg-blueprint/10 font-bold'
+                            : 'text-secondary hover:text-content hover:bg-sunken'
+                        }`}
                         title="预览"
                       >
                         {previewState.loading ? (
-                          <Loader2 className="w-3 h-3 animate-spin" />
+                          <Loader2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5 animate-spin" />
                         ) : (
-                          <LineChart className="w-3 h-3" />
+                          <LineChart className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
                         )}
                       </button>
                     )}
@@ -1133,9 +1197,10 @@ function LibraryCard({ rec }: { rec: ObservationRecord }) {
                       href={`/api/files/${a.path}`}
                       target="_blank"
                       rel="noopener noreferrer"
-                      className="flex items-center gap-0.5 font-bold text-sky-600 hover:text-sky-800 hover:underline"
+                      className="p-1 rounded text-secondary hover:text-blueprint hover:bg-blueprint/10 transition-all flex items-center justify-center cursor-pointer"
+                      title="下载"
                     >
-                      <Download className="w-3 h-3" />
+                      <Download className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
                     </a>
                   </span>
                 </div>
@@ -1143,13 +1208,13 @@ function LibraryCard({ rec }: { rec: ObservationRecord }) {
                 {previewable && isOpen && (
                   <div className="pl-2">
                     {previewState.error ? (
-                      <p className="text-[10px] text-rose-500 py-1">
+                      <p className="text-[10px] text-danger py-1">
                         {previewState.error}
                       </p>
                     ) : previewState.data ? (
                       <ObservationPreviewRenderer preview={previewState.data} />
                     ) : previewState.loading ? (
-                      <div className="flex items-center gap-1 text-[10px] text-slate-400 py-4 justify-center">
+                      <div className="flex items-center gap-1 text-[10px] text-tertiary py-4 justify-center">
                         <Loader2 className="w-3 h-3 animate-spin" />
                         解析 FITS 中...
                       </div>
@@ -1160,7 +1225,7 @@ function LibraryCard({ rec }: { rec: ObservationRecord }) {
             );
           })}
           {artifacts.length > 1 && (
-            <div className="flex items-center gap-1 text-[10px] text-slate-400 pt-1">
+            <div className="flex items-center gap-1 text-[10px] text-tertiary pt-1">
               <CheckCircle2 className="w-3 h-3" />
               <span>
                 共 {artifacts.length} 个文件 · 合计 {formatFileSize(totalSize)}
diff --git a/dashboard/src/pages/ReaderPanel.tsx b/dashboard/src/pages/ReaderPanel.tsx
index 40625e7..ad65152 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/pages/ReaderPanel.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/pages/ReaderPanel.tsx
@@ -199,6 +199,7 @@ export function ReaderPanel(props: ReaderPanelProps) {
         highlightCandidates={state.highlightCandidates}
         hoveredTarget={state.hoveredTarget}
         hoverCardPos={state.hoverCardPos}
+        selectedParagraphIdx={selectedParagraphIdx}
       >
         {/* 学术助手侧边栏 */}
         <ReaderNotesSidebar
diff --git a/dashboard/src/pages/ResearchAgentPanel.tsx b/dashboard/src/pages/ResearchAgentPanel.tsx
index b4f77b9..32049e5 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/pages/ResearchAgentPanel.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/pages/ResearchAgentPanel.tsx
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { useState } from 'react';
 import { useResearchAgent } from '../hooks/useResearchAgent';
 import { AgentSessionSidebar } from '../components/agent/AgentSessionSidebar';
 import { AgentMessageList } from '../components/agent/AgentMessageList';
@@ -29,9 +30,12 @@ export function ResearchAgentPanel({
   library,
 }: ResearchAgentPanelProps) {
   const state = useResearchAgent({ showConfirm, showAlert });
+  const [showTaskSidebar, setShowTaskSidebar] = useState(false);
+
+  const hasTodos = state.activeTodos && state.activeTodos.length > 0;
 
   return (
-    <div className="w-full flex-1 flex overflow-hidden bg-slate-100 rounded-lg border border-slate-200 h-full lg:h-[calc(100vh-130px)] shadow-sm">
+    <div className="w-full flex-1 flex overflow-hidden bg-sunken rounded-lg h-full lg:h-[calc(100vh-130px)]">
       {/* 左侧会话列表侧栏 */}
       <AgentSessionSidebar
         sessions={state.sessions}
@@ -51,7 +55,7 @@ export function ResearchAgentPanel({
       />
 
       {/* 右侧会话对话展示及输入面板 */}
-      <div className="flex-1 flex flex-col overflow-hidden bg-white relative">
+      <div className="flex-1 flex flex-col overflow-hidden bg-surface relative">
         <AgentMessageList
           turns={state.turns}
           activeTurn={state.activeTurn}
@@ -91,6 +95,10 @@ export function ResearchAgentPanel({
           setActiveTab={setActiveTab}
           citations={citations}
           library={library}
+          showTaskSidebar={showTaskSidebar}
+          setShowTaskSidebar={setShowTaskSidebar}
+          hasTodos={hasTodos}
+          activeTodos={state.activeTodos}
         />
 
         <AgentInputArea
diff --git a/dashboard/src/pages/SearchPanel.tsx b/dashboard/src/pages/SearchPanel.tsx
index 54c0d18..0572fe6 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/pages/SearchPanel.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/pages/SearchPanel.tsx
@@ -133,11 +133,11 @@ export function SearchPanel({
   return (
     <div className="space-y-6 w-full max-w-5xl mx-auto">
       {/* 标题 */}
-      <div className="flex flex-col gap-1.5 border-b border-slate-200 pb-3">
-        <h2 className="text-sm font-bold tracking-wider text-slate-900 uppercase">
+      <div className="flex flex-col gap-1.5 border-b border-subtle pb-3">
+        <h2 className="text-sm font-bold tracking-wider text-content uppercase">
           统一文献检索平台
         </h2>
-        <p className="text-slate-500 text-xs">
+        <p className="text-secondary text-xs">
           快速检索 NASA ADS 和 arXiv
           预印本学术文献，支持一键下载、格式转换与星系引用分析。
         </p>
@@ -148,13 +148,13 @@ export function SearchPanel({
         <form onSubmit={handleSearch} className="space-y-4">
           <div className="flex flex-col md:flex-row gap-3 items-stretch">
             <div className="relative flex-1">
-              <Search className="absolute left-4 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 text-slate-400 w-5 h-5" />
+              <Search className="absolute left-4 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 text-tertiary w-5 h-5" />
               <input
                 type="text"
                 value={searchQuery}
                 onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
                 placeholder="检索天文学文献 (支持关键字、作者、发表年份，如 'hot subdwarf year:2020-2023')"
-                className="w-full pl-12 pr-4 py-3 rounded-md bg-slate-50 border border-slate-300 text-slate-900 placeholder-slate-400 focus:outline-none focus:border-slate-500 focus:bg-white transition-all text-sm font-medium"
+                className="w-full pl-12 pr-4 py-3 rounded-md bg-sunken border border-default  text-content placeholder-tertiary focus:outline-none focus:border-secondary focus:bg-surface transition-all text-sm font-medium"
               />
             </div>
             <div className="flex gap-2">
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ export function SearchPanel({
                 onClick={() => setShowBuilder(!showBuilder)}
                 className={`px-4 py-3 rounded-md border text-xs font-bold transition-all shrink-0 flex items-center gap-1.5 ${
                   showBuilder
-                    ? 'bg-slate-100 border-slate-350 text-slate-855'
+                    ? 'bg-sunken border-subtle text-content'
                     : 'btn-console'
                 }`}
               >
@@ -187,13 +187,13 @@ export function SearchPanel({
 
           {/* 条件构造器 */}
           {showBuilder && (
-            <div className="p-4 rounded-md bg-slate-50 border border-slate-200 space-y-3 transition-all">
-              <div className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-700 flex justify-between items-center">
+            <div className="p-4 rounded-md bg-sunken space-y-3 transition-all">
+              <div className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary flex justify-between items-center">
                 <span>高级检索式条件构造器</span>
                 <button
                   type="button"
                   onClick={handleAddRule}
-                  className="text-xs text-slate-700 hover:text-slate-900 font-bold"
+                  className="text-xs text-secondary hover:text-content font-bold"
                 >
                   + 添加检索条件
                 </button>
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ export function SearchPanel({
                 {rules.map((rule, idx) => (
                   <div
                     key={idx}
-                    className="flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center gap-2 pb-3.5 sm:pb-0 border-b border-slate-200/60 sm:border-0 last:border-0 last:pb-0"
+                    className="flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center gap-2 pb-3.5 sm:pb-0 border-b border-subtle sm:border-0 last:border-0 last:pb-0"
                   >
                     {idx > 0 ? (
                       <CustomSelect
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ export function SearchPanel({
                         ]}
                       />
                     ) : (
-                      <div className="w-full sm:w-24 text-left sm:text-center text-[10px] sm:text-xs text-slate-400 sm:text-slate-500 font-bold sm:font-semibold py-1 uppercase tracking-wider select-none">
+                      <div className="w-full sm:w-24 text-left sm:text-center text-[10px] sm:text-xs text-tertiary sm:text-secondary font-bold sm:font-semibold py-1 uppercase tracking-wider select-none">
                         条件过滤
                       </div>
                     )}
@@ -239,27 +239,42 @@ export function SearchPanel({
                       ]}
                     />
 
-                    <input
-                      type="text"
-                      value={rule.val}
-                      onChange={(e) =>
-                        handleRuleChange(idx, 'val', e.target.value)
-                      }
-                      placeholder={
-                        rule.field === 'year'
-                          ? '例如: 2020-2023 或 2022'
-                          : rule.field === 'author'
-                            ? '例如: Althaus'
-                            : '请输入检索词...'
-                      }
-                      className="w-full sm:flex-1 px-3 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-white border border-slate-300 text-slate-900 placeholder-slate-400 focus:outline-none focus:border-slate-500 text-xs font-medium"
-                    />
+                    <div className="w-full sm:flex-1 flex flex-col gap-1">
+                      <input
+                        type="text"
+                        value={rule.val}
+                        onChange={(e) =>
+                          handleRuleChange(idx, 'val', e.target.value)
+                        }
+                        placeholder={
+                          rule.field === 'year'
+                            ? '例如: 2020-2023 或 2022'
+                            : rule.field === 'author'
+                              ? '例如: Althaus'
+                              : '请输入检索词...'
+                        }
+                        className={`w-full px-3 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-surface border text-content placeholder-tertiary focus:outline-none text-xs font-medium ${
+                          rule.field === 'year' &&
+                          rule.val.trim() !== '' &&
+                          !/^\d{4}(-\d{4})?$/.test(rule.val.trim())
+                            ? 'border-rose-400 focus:border-rose-500 bg-rose-50/5 dark:bg-rose-500/5'
+                            : 'border-default focus:border-secondary'
+                        }`}
+                      />
+                      {rule.field === 'year' &&
+                        rule.val.trim() !== '' &&
+                        !/^\d{4}(-\d{4})?$/.test(rule.val.trim()) && (
+                          <span className="text-[10px] text-rose-500 font-bold ml-1 animate-pulse">
+                            建议格式: 2022 或 2020-2023
+                          </span>
+                        )}
+                    </div>
 
                     {rules.length > 1 && (
                       <button
                         type="button"
                         onClick={() => handleRemoveRule(idx)}
-                        className="text-rose-600 hover:text-rose-800 text-xs font-bold px-3 py-1.5 self-end sm:self-auto border border-rose-100 rounded-md sm:border-0 bg-rose-50/20 sm:bg-transparent mt-1 sm:mt-0 transition-all cursor-pointer"
+                        className="text-danger hover:text-danger text-xs font-bold px-3 py-1.5 self-end sm:self-auto border border-rose-100 rounded-md sm:border-0 bg-rose-50/20 sm:bg-transparent mt-1 sm:mt-0 transition-all cursor-pointer"
                       >
                         删除条件
                       </button>
@@ -270,32 +285,32 @@ export function SearchPanel({
             </div>
           )}
 
-          <div className="text-[11px] text-slate-500 flex flex-wrap gap-x-4 gap-y-1 px-1 items-center">
-            <span className="font-semibold text-slate-650 flex items-center gap-1">
+          <div className="text-[11px] text-secondary flex flex-wrap gap-x-4 gap-y-1 px-1 items-center">
+            <span className="font-semibold text-secondary flex items-center gap-1">
               <Lightbulb className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-amber-500" />
               检索语法小提示:
             </span>
             <span>
               作者检索:{' '}
-              <code className="bg-slate-200 px-1 py-0.5 rounded text-slate-800 font-mono text-[10px]">
+              <code className="bg-border-subtle px-1 py-0.5 rounded text-content font-mono text-[10px]">
                 author:"Althaus"
               </code>
             </span>
             <span>
               标题检索:{' '}
-              <code className="bg-slate-200 px-1 py-0.5 rounded text-slate-800 font-mono text-[10px]">
+              <code className="bg-border-subtle px-1 py-0.5 rounded text-content font-mono text-[10px]">
                 title:"hot subdwarf"
               </code>
             </span>
             <span>
               年份范围:{' '}
-              <code className="bg-slate-200 px-1 py-0.5 rounded text-slate-800 font-mono text-[10px]">
+              <code className="bg-border-subtle px-1 py-0.5 rounded text-content font-mono text-[10px]">
                 year:2020-2023
               </code>
             </span>
           </div>
 
-          <div className="flex flex-col sm:flex-row items-stretch sm:items-center justify-between gap-4 pt-3 border-t border-slate-200">
+          <div className="flex flex-col sm:flex-row items-stretch sm:items-center justify-between gap-4 pt-3 border-t border-subtle">
             {/* 数据源平台 */}
             <div className="flex gap-4">
               {[
@@ -305,7 +320,7 @@ export function SearchPanel({
               ].map((src) => (
                 <label
                   key={src.id}
-                  className="flex items-center gap-2 cursor-pointer text-xs font-bold text-slate-700"
+                  className="flex items-center gap-2 cursor-pointer text-xs font-bold text-secondary"
                 >
                   <input
                     type="radio"
@@ -319,8 +334,8 @@ export function SearchPanel({
                   <span
                     className={
                       searchSource === src.id
-                        ? 'text-slate-900 font-bold'
-                        : 'text-slate-500 hover:text-slate-700'
+                        ? 'text-content font-bold'
+                        : 'text-secondary hover:text-secondary'
                     }
                   >
                     {src.label}
@@ -332,7 +347,7 @@ export function SearchPanel({
             {/* 排序及每页条数 */}
             <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-4">
               <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-                <span className="text-xs font-semibold text-slate-500">
+                <span className="text-xs font-semibold text-secondary">
                   排序:
                 </span>
                 <CustomSelect
@@ -348,7 +363,7 @@ export function SearchPanel({
               </div>
 
               <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-                <span className="text-xs font-semibold text-slate-500">
+                <span className="text-xs font-semibold text-secondary">
                   每页显示:
                 </span>
                 <CustomSelect
@@ -383,11 +398,11 @@ export function SearchPanel({
 
       {/* BibTeX 导出显示 */}
       {bibtexContent && (
-        <div className="console-panel p-5 rounded-lg border border-slate-200 relative overflow-hidden bg-slate-50/20">
-          <h3 className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-700 mb-3 flex items-center gap-2">
-            <CheckCircle className="w-4 h-4 text-emerald-600" /> BibTeX 导出成功
+        <div className="console-panel p-5 rounded-lg  relative overflow-hidden bg-slate-50/20">
+          <h3 className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary mb-3 flex items-center gap-2">
+            <CheckCircle className="w-4 h-4 text-success" /> BibTeX 导出成功
           </h3>
-          <pre className="bg-white p-4 rounded-md border border-slate-200 text-xs text-slate-800 font-mono overflow-x-auto whitespace-pre-wrap max-h-60 leading-relaxed shadow-inner">
+          <pre className="bg-surface p-4 rounded-md  text-xs text-content font-mono overflow-x-auto whitespace-pre-wrap max-h-60 leading-relaxed shadow-inner">
             {bibtexContent}
           </pre>
           <button
@@ -406,9 +421,9 @@ export function SearchPanel({
       <div className="relative min-h-[200px]">
         {searching && (
           <div className="absolute inset-0 bg-white/60 backdrop-blur-[1px] z-10 flex items-center justify-center rounded-lg">
-            <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-3 bg-white p-6 rounded-lg shadow-sm border border-slate-200 text-center">
-              <Loader className="w-8 h-8 text-slate-600 animate-spin" />
-              <span className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-600">
+            <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-3 bg-surface p-6 rounded-lg shadow-sm  text-center">
+              <Loader className="w-8 h-8 text-secondary animate-spin" />
+              <span className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary">
                 正在与学术服务器通讯，检索文献数据中...
               </span>
             </div>
@@ -432,12 +447,12 @@ export function SearchPanel({
                     <button
                       type="button"
                       onClick={() => onShowDetail(paper)}
-                      className="px-3 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-white border border-slate-250 text-slate-655 hover:bg-slate-50 hover:border-slate-350 transition-all text-xs font-bold flex items-center cursor-pointer"
+                      className="px-3.5 py-2.5 min-h-[38px] rounded-md bg-surface border border-default text-secondary hover:bg-sunken hover:border-border-strong transition-all text-xs font-bold flex items-center cursor-pointer"
                     >
                       详情
                     </button>
                     {paper.is_downloaded ? (
-                      <span className="px-2.5 py-1 rounded-md bg-emerald-50 text-emerald-800 border border-emerald-200/60 text-xs font-bold flex items-center gap-1">
+                      <span className="px-2.5 py-1 rounded-md bg-emerald-50 dark:bg-emerald-500/10 text-emerald-800 dark:text-emerald-300 border border-emerald-200/60 dark:border-emerald-500/30 text-xs font-bold flex items-center gap-1">
                         <CheckCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> 已下载
                       </span>
                     ) : (
@@ -446,18 +461,18 @@ export function SearchPanel({
                         paper.html_error === 'no_resource' ? (
                           <span
                             title="已手动标记为【无有效全文资源】，批量下载时自动跳过"
-                            className="px-2 py-1 bg-slate-50 text-slate-600 border border-slate-200 text-[10px] font-bold rounded-md cursor-help flex items-center gap-1"
+                            className="px-2 py-1 bg-sunken text-secondary  text-[10px] font-bold rounded-md cursor-help flex items-center gap-1"
                           >
-                            <AlertTriangle className="w-3 h-3 text-slate-455" />{' '}
+                            <AlertTriangle className="w-3 h-3 text-tertiary" />{' '}
                             无资源
                           </span>
                         ) : (
                           (paper.pdf_error || paper.html_error) && (
                             <span
                               title={`自动下载失败：${[paper.pdf_error, paper.html_error].filter(Boolean).join('; ')}`}
-                              className="px-2 py-1 bg-rose-50 text-rose-800 border border-rose-200/60 text-[10px] font-bold rounded-md cursor-help flex items-center gap-1"
+                              className="px-2 py-1 bg-rose-50 dark:bg-rose-500/10 text-rose-800 dark:text-rose-300 border border-rose-200/60 dark:border-rose-500/30 text-[10px] font-bold rounded-md cursor-help flex items-center gap-1"
                             >
-                              <AlertTriangle className="w-3 h-3 text-rose-600" />{' '}
+                              <AlertTriangle className="w-3 h-3 text-danger" />{' '}
                               下载失败
                             </span>
                           )
@@ -465,7 +480,7 @@ export function SearchPanel({
                         <button
                           onClick={() => handleDownload(paper.bibcode)}
                           disabled={isDownloading}
-                          className="btn-console btn-console-primary px-3 py-1.5 rounded-md text-xs font-bold flex items-center gap-1 transition-all"
+                          className="btn-console btn-console-primary px-3.5 py-2.5 min-h-[38px] rounded-md text-xs font-bold flex items-center gap-1 transition-all"
                         >
                           {isDownloading ? (
                             <Loader className="w-3.5 h-3.5 animate-spin" />
@@ -477,19 +492,19 @@ export function SearchPanel({
                       </div>
                     )}
 
-                    <label className="flex items-center gap-1.5 cursor-pointer border border-slate-250 px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-slate-50 hover:bg-slate-100 text-slate-700 transition-all text-xs font-semibold">
+                    <label className="flex items-center gap-1.5 cursor-pointer  px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-sunken hover:bg-sunken text-secondary transition-all text-xs font-semibold">
                       <input
                         type="checkbox"
                         checked={exportingList.includes(paper.bibcode)}
                         onChange={() => toggleExportItem(paper.bibcode)}
-                        className="rounded text-slate-700 border-slate-300"
+                        className="rounded text-secondary border-subtle"
                       />
                       <span>选择</span>
                     </label>
                   </>
                 }
                 abstract={
-                  <p className="text-xs text-slate-600 line-clamp-3 leading-relaxed mb-4 font-normal">
+                  <p className="text-xs text-secondary line-clamp-3 leading-relaxed mb-4 font-normal">
                     {paper.abstract_text || '暂无文献摘要数据。'}
                   </p>
                 }
@@ -497,7 +512,7 @@ export function SearchPanel({
                   <>
                     <button
                       onClick={() => openReader(paper)}
-                      className="px-4 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-slate-100 border border-slate-250 text-xs font-bold text-slate-800 hover:bg-slate-200 transition-all"
+                      className="px-4.5 py-2.5 min-h-[38px] rounded-md bg-sunken border border-default text-xs font-bold text-content hover:bg-border-subtle transition-all"
                     >
                       双语阅读对照
                     </button>
@@ -507,7 +522,7 @@ export function SearchPanel({
                         setActiveTab('citation');
                         loadCitations(paper.bibcode, true);
                       }}
-                      className="px-4 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-slate-50 border border-slate-250 text-xs font-bold text-slate-600 hover:border-slate-400 hover:text-slate-800 transition-all"
+                      className="px-4.5 py-2.5 min-h-[38px] rounded-md bg-sunken text-xs font-bold text-secondary hover:border-border-strong hover:text-content transition-all"
                     >
                       引用星系图
                     </button>
@@ -518,14 +533,14 @@ export function SearchPanel({
                     {paper.doi && <span>DOI: {paper.doi}</span>}
                     <span>
                       Bibcode:{' '}
-                      <span className="font-semibold text-slate-700">
+                      <span className="font-semibold text-secondary">
                         {paper.bibcode}
                       </span>
                     </span>
                     {paper.citation_count > 0 && (
                       <span>
                         被引次数:{' '}
-                        <span className="text-sky-750 font-bold">
+                        <span className="text-secondary font-bold">
                           {paper.citation_count}
                         </span>
                       </span>
@@ -540,16 +555,16 @@ export function SearchPanel({
 
       {/* 分页控制栏 */}
       {searchResults.length > 0 && (
-        <div className="flex items-center justify-between p-4 bg-white border border-slate-200 rounded-lg max-w-5xl mx-auto shadow-sm">
+        <div className="flex items-center justify-between p-4 bg-surface rounded-lg max-w-5xl mx-auto shadow-sm">
           <button
             onClick={() => handlePageChange(searchStart - searchRows)}
             disabled={!hasPreviousPage || searching}
-            className="px-4 py-2 border border-slate-250 rounded-md bg-white text-xs font-bold text-slate-700 hover:bg-slate-50 disabled:opacity-40 disabled:hover:bg-white flex items-center gap-1 transition-all"
+            className="px-4 py-2  rounded-md bg-surface text-xs font-bold text-secondary hover:bg-sunken disabled:opacity-40 disabled:hover:bg-surface flex items-center gap-1 transition-all"
           >
             <ChevronLeft className="w-4 h-4" /> 上一页
           </button>
 
-          <span className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-600">
+          <span className="text-xs font-bold text-secondary">
             第 {currentPage} 页 (当前显示 {searchStart + 1} -{' '}
             {searchStart + searchResults.length} 条)
           </span>
@@ -557,7 +572,7 @@ export function SearchPanel({
           <button
             onClick={() => handlePageChange(searchStart + searchRows)}
             disabled={!hasNextPage || searching}
-            className="px-4 py-2 border border-slate-250 rounded-md bg-white text-xs font-bold text-slate-700 hover:bg-slate-50 disabled:opacity-40 disabled:hover:bg-white flex items-center gap-1 transition-all"
+            className="px-4 py-2  rounded-md bg-surface text-xs font-bold text-secondary hover:bg-sunken disabled:opacity-40 disabled:hover:bg-surface flex items-center gap-1 transition-all"
           >
             下一页 <ChevronRight className="w-4 h-4" />
           </button>
diff --git a/dashboard/src/pages/SyncPanel.tsx b/dashboard/src/pages/SyncPanel.tsx
index 0431821..08ab70e 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/pages/SyncPanel.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/pages/SyncPanel.tsx
@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ export function SyncPanel() {
   return (
     <div className="space-y-6 w-full max-w-3xl mx-auto">
       {/* 标题 */}
-      <div className="flex flex-col gap-1.5 border-b border-slate-200 pb-3 select-none">
-        <h2 className="text-sm font-bold tracking-wider text-slate-900 uppercase">
+      <div className="flex flex-col gap-1.5 border-b border-subtle pb-3 select-none">
+        <h2 className="text-sm font-bold tracking-wider text-content uppercase">
           批量任务管理器
         </h2>
-        <p className="text-slate-500 text-xs">
+        <p className="text-secondary text-xs">
           设定检索关键词，在 NASA ADS 和 arXiv
           平台大批量同步学术文献索引，或针对本地文献馆藏批量执行下载、解析、翻译等学术流水线任务。
         </p>
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ export function SyncPanel() {
 
       {/* 全局错误显示 */}
       {state.errorMsg && (
-        <div className="p-4 rounded-md bg-rose-50 border border-rose-200/60 flex gap-3 text-xs text-rose-800 items-start">
+        <div className="p-4 rounded-md bg-rose-50 dark:bg-rose-500/10 border border-rose-200/60 dark:border-rose-500/30 flex gap-3 text-xs text-rose-800 dark:text-rose-300 items-start">
           <AlertTriangle className="w-4 h-4 shrink-0 mt-0.5" />
           <div className="font-semibold">{state.errorMsg}</div>
         </div>
@@ -74,36 +74,36 @@ export function SyncPanel() {
       />
 
       {/* 3. 常用批量同步检索配置 */}
-      <div className="console-panel p-6 rounded-lg border border-slate-200 bg-white space-y-4 shadow-sm">
-        <div className="flex flex-col gap-1 border-b border-slate-100 pb-2 select-none">
-          <h3 className="text-xs font-bold text-slate-900 flex items-center gap-2">
-            <SlidersHorizontal className="w-4 h-4 text-slate-700" />
+      <div className="console-panel p-6 rounded-lg  bg-surface space-y-4 shadow-sm">
+        <div className="flex flex-col gap-1 border-b border-subtle pb-2 select-none">
+          <h3 className="text-xs font-bold text-content flex items-center gap-2">
+            <SlidersHorizontal className="w-4 h-4 text-secondary" />
             <span>常用批量同步检索配置</span>
           </h3>
-          <p className="text-slate-500 text-xs mt-0.5">
+          <p className="text-secondary text-xs mt-0.5">
             保存的历史批量元数据同步检索规则。可在此快速一键再次启动同步或加载检索参数。
           </p>
         </div>
 
         {state.syncQueries.length === 0 ? (
-          <div className="text-center py-6 text-xs text-slate-400 italic select-none">
+          <div className="text-center py-6 text-xs text-tertiary italic select-none">
             暂无已存检索配置。执行一次批量元数据同步后将自动去重记录在此。
           </div>
         ) : (
-          <div className="divide-y divide-slate-100 max-h-80 overflow-y-auto pr-1 scrollbar-thin">
+          <div className="divide-y divide-border-subtle max-h-80 overflow-y-auto pr-1 scrollbar-thin">
             {state.syncQueries.map((sq) => (
               <div
                 key={sq.id}
                 className="py-3 flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center sm:justify-between gap-3 text-xs"
               >
                 <div className="space-y-1">
-                  <div className="font-bold text-slate-800 break-all select-all font-mono">
+                  <div className="font-bold text-content break-all select-all font-mono">
                     {sq.query}
                   </div>
-                  <div className="text-[10px] text-slate-500 flex items-center gap-2.5 font-semibold">
+                  <div className="text-[10px] text-secondary flex items-center gap-2.5 font-semibold">
                     <span>
                       数据源:{' '}
-                      <strong className="text-slate-700">
+                      <strong className="text-secondary">
                         {sq.source === 'all'
                           ? '全部'
                           : sq.source === 'ads'
@@ -113,13 +113,13 @@ export function SyncPanel() {
                     </span>
                     <span>
                       数量限制:{' '}
-                      <strong className="text-slate-700">
+                      <strong className="text-secondary">
                         {sq.limit_count}
                       </strong>
                     </span>
                     <span>
                       最近同步:{' '}
-                      <strong className="text-slate-700">{sq.last_run}</strong>
+                      <strong className="text-secondary">{sq.last_run}</strong>
                     </span>
                   </div>
                 </div>
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ export function SyncPanel() {
                   <button
                     type="button"
                     onClick={() => state.handleReuseQuery(sq)}
-                    className="px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-slate-50 border border-slate-250 text-slate-655 hover:bg-slate-100 hover:text-slate-800 transition-all text-xs font-bold cursor-pointer"
+                    className="px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-sunken border border-default text-secondary hover:bg-sunken hover:text-content transition-all text-xs font-bold cursor-pointer"
                   >
                     加载
                   </button>
@@ -135,14 +135,14 @@ export function SyncPanel() {
                     type="button"
                     disabled={state.status.active}
                     onClick={() => state.handleQuickSync(sq)}
-                    className="px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-slate-100 border border-slate-250 text-slate-800 hover:bg-slate-200 transition-all text-xs font-bold cursor-pointer disabled:opacity-40"
+                    className="px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-sunken border border-default text-content hover:bg-border-subtle transition-all text-xs font-bold cursor-pointer disabled:opacity-40"
                   >
                     一键同步
                   </button>
                   <button
                     type="button"
                     onClick={() => state.handleDeleteQuery(sq.id)}
-                    className="px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-rose-50 border border-rose-200/60 text-rose-855 hover:bg-rose-100 transition-all text-xs font-bold cursor-pointer"
+                    className="px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-rose-50 dark:bg-rose-500/10 border border-rose-200/60 dark:border-rose-500/30 text-rose-700 dark:text-rose-300 hover:bg-rose-100 transition-all text-xs font-bold cursor-pointer"
                   >
                     删除
                   </button>
diff --git a/dashboard/src/utils/paper.tsx b/dashboard/src/utils/paper.tsx
index 9595e78..88b052d 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/utils/paper.tsx
+++ b/dashboard/src/utils/paper.tsx
@@ -6,89 +6,110 @@ export const getDoctypeBadge = (doctype: string) => {
   const typeMap: Record<string, { label: string; style: string }> = {
     article: {
       label: '期刊文章',
-      style: 'bg-blue-50 text-blue-700 border-blue-200',
+      style:
+        'bg-blue-50 dark:bg-blue-500/10 text-blue-700 dark:text-blue-300 border-blue-200 dark:border-blue-500/30',
     },
     eprint: {
       label: '预印本',
-      style: 'bg-purple-50 text-purple-700 border-purple-200',
+      style:
+        'bg-purple-50 dark:bg-purple-500/10 text-purple-700 dark:text-purple-300 border-purple-200 dark:border-purple-500/30',
     },
     inproceedings: {
       label: '会议论文',
-      style: 'bg-amber-50 text-amber-700 border-amber-200',
+      style:
+        'bg-amber-50 dark:bg-amber-500/10 text-amber-700 dark:text-amber-300 border-amber-200 dark:border-amber-500/30',
     },
     proceedings: {
       label: '会议集',
-      style: 'bg-amber-50 text-amber-700 border-amber-200',
+      style:
+        'bg-amber-50 dark:bg-amber-500/10 text-amber-700 dark:text-amber-300 border-amber-200 dark:border-amber-500/30',
     },
     proposal: {
       label: '观测提案',
-      style: 'bg-rose-50 text-rose-700 border-rose-200',
+      style:
+        'bg-rose-50 dark:bg-rose-500/10 text-rose-700 dark:text-rose-300 border-rose-200 dark:border-rose-500/30',
     },
     abstract: {
       label: '会议摘要',
-      style: 'bg-slate-50 text-slate-700 border-slate-200',
+      style:
+        'bg-sunken dark:bg-slate-500/10 text-secondary dark:text-slate-300 border-subtle dark:border-slate-500/30',
     },
     catalog: {
       label: '星表数据',
-      style: 'bg-indigo-50 text-indigo-700 border-indigo-200',
+      style:
+        'bg-indigo-50 dark:bg-indigo-500/10 text-indigo-700 dark:text-indigo-300 border-indigo-200 dark:border-indigo-500/30',
     },
     dataset: {
       label: '星表数据',
-      style: 'bg-indigo-50 text-indigo-700 border-indigo-200',
+      style:
+        'bg-indigo-50 dark:bg-indigo-500/10 text-indigo-700 dark:text-indigo-300 border-indigo-200 dark:border-indigo-500/30',
     },
     software: {
       label: '软件代码',
-      style: 'bg-teal-50 text-teal-700 border-teal-200',
+      style:
+        'bg-teal-50 dark:bg-teal-500/10 text-teal-700 dark:text-teal-300 border-teal-200 dark:border-teal-500/30',
     },
     phdthesis: {
       label: '博士论文',
-      style: 'bg-cyan-50 text-cyan-700 border-cyan-200',
+      style:
+        'bg-cyan-50 dark:bg-cyan-500/10 text-cyan-700 dark:text-cyan-300 border-cyan-200 dark:border-cyan-500/30',
     },
     mastersthesis: {
       label: '硕士论文',
-      style: 'bg-cyan-50 text-cyan-700 border-cyan-200',
+      style:
+        'bg-cyan-50 dark:bg-cyan-500/10 text-cyan-700 dark:text-cyan-300 border-cyan-200 dark:border-cyan-500/30',
     },
     circular: {
       label: '天文电报',
-      style: 'bg-orange-50 text-orange-700 border-orange-200',
+      style:
+        'bg-orange-50 dark:bg-orange-500/10 text-orange-700 dark:text-orange-300 border-orange-200 dark:border-orange-500/30',
     },
     inbook: {
       label: '图书章节',
-      style: 'bg-emerald-50 text-emerald-700 border-emerald-200',
+      style:
+        'bg-emerald-50 dark:bg-emerald-500/10 text-emerald-700 dark:text-emerald-300 border-emerald-200 dark:border-emerald-500/30',
     },
     book: {
       label: '学术专著',
-      style: 'bg-emerald-50 text-emerald-700 border-emerald-200',
+      style:
+        'bg-emerald-50 dark:bg-emerald-500/10 text-emerald-700 dark:text-emerald-300 border-emerald-200 dark:border-emerald-500/30',
     },
     editorial: {
       label: '期刊社论',
-      style: 'bg-slate-50 text-slate-700 border-slate-200',
+      style:
+        'bg-sunken dark:bg-slate-500/10 text-secondary dark:text-slate-300 border-subtle dark:border-slate-500/30',
     },
     erratum: {
       label: '勘误说明',
-      style: 'bg-red-50 text-red-700 border-red-200',
+      style:
+        'bg-red-50 dark:bg-red-500/10 text-red-700 dark:text-red-300 border-red-200 dark:border-red-500/30',
     },
     misc: {
       label: '其他文献',
-      style: 'bg-slate-50 text-slate-700 border-slate-200',
+      style:
+        'bg-sunken dark:bg-slate-500/10 text-secondary dark:text-slate-300 border-subtle dark:border-slate-500/30',
     },
     newsletter: {
       label: '简报新闻',
-      style: 'bg-slate-50 text-slate-700 border-slate-200',
+      style:
+        'bg-sunken dark:bg-slate-500/10 text-secondary dark:text-slate-300 border-subtle dark:border-slate-500/30',
     },
     techreport: {
       label: '技术报告',
-      style: 'bg-cyan-50 text-cyan-700 border-cyan-200',
+      style:
+        'bg-cyan-50 dark:bg-cyan-500/10 text-cyan-700 dark:text-cyan-300 border-cyan-200 dark:border-cyan-500/30',
     },
     obituary: {
       label: '讣告',
-      style: 'bg-slate-50 text-slate-700 border-slate-200',
+      style:
+        'bg-sunken dark:bg-slate-500/10 text-secondary dark:text-slate-300 border-subtle dark:border-slate-500/30',
     },
   };
   const val = doctype ? doctype.toLowerCase() : 'article';
   const match = typeMap[val] || {
     label: '文献',
-    style: 'bg-slate-50 text-slate-700 border-slate-200',
+    style:
+      'bg-sunken dark:bg-slate-500/10 text-secondary dark:text-slate-300 border-subtle dark:border-slate-500/30',
   };
   return (
     <span
diff --git a/deploy.sh b/deploy.sh
index ea7490b..eff987f 100755
--- a/deploy.sh
+++ b/deploy.sh
@@ -15,6 +15,23 @@ IMAGE_NAME="astroresearch"
 TAG="latest"
 TAR_NAME="astroresearch.tar.gz"
 
+# SSH ControlMaster 配置 —— 复用同一连接，只需输入一次密码
+SSH_CONTROL_DIR="$HOME/.ssh/cm"
+SSH_CONTROL_PATH="${SSH_CONTROL_DIR}/${REMOTE_USER}@${REMOTE_IP}:${REMOTE_PORT}"
+SSH_OPTS="-o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPath=${SSH_CONTROL_PATH} -o ControlPersist=1800"
+
+mkdir -p "${SSH_CONTROL_DIR}"
+
+cleanup_control_master() {
+  # 关闭 master 连接
+  ssh -p ${REMOTE_PORT} -o ControlPath=${SSH_CONTROL_PATH} ${REMOTE_USER}@${REMOTE_IP} -O exit 2>/dev/null || true
+}
+trap cleanup_control_master EXIT
+
+# 立即建立 SSH master 连接，提前输入密码，后续步骤复用此连接
+echo "=== 连接服务器 (请立即输入密码) ==="
+ssh -p ${REMOTE_PORT} ${SSH_OPTS} -fN ${REMOTE_USER}@${REMOTE_IP}
+
 echo "=== 1. 开始在本地构建 Docker 镜像 (基于 Dockerfile.modeB) ==="
 docker build -f Dockerfile.modeB -t ${IMAGE_NAME}:${TAG} .
 
@@ -22,11 +39,12 @@ echo "=== 2. 将镜像导出并压缩为本地临时文件 ${TAR_NAME} ==="
 docker save ${IMAGE_NAME}:${TAG} | gzip > ${TAR_NAME}
 
 echo "=== 3. 上传镜像包到服务器目标目录 ==="
-scp -P ${REMOTE_PORT} ${TAR_NAME} ${REMOTE_USER}@${REMOTE_IP}:${REMOTE_DIR}/
+# 首次连接会要求输入密码，后续 scp/ssh 复用此连接
+scp -P ${REMOTE_PORT} ${SSH_OPTS} ${TAR_NAME} ${REMOTE_USER}@${REMOTE_IP}:${REMOTE_DIR}/
 
 echo "=== 4. 连接服务器：载入镜像并使用 Docker Compose 启动 ==="
 # 使用 'EOF' 锁死环境，防止本地变量混淆远程环境变量
-ssh -p ${REMOTE_PORT} ${REMOTE_USER}@${REMOTE_IP} << 'EOF'
+ssh -p ${REMOTE_PORT} ${SSH_OPTS} ${REMOTE_USER}@${REMOTE_IP} << 'EOF'
   set -e
   
   # 远程运行参数
diff --git a/src/agent/compact.rs b/src/agent/compact.rs
index 1892d91..982e283 100644
--- a/src/agent/compact.rs
+++ b/src/agent/compact.rs
@@ -719,7 +719,7 @@ fn spawn_memory_extraction(
             crate::agent::subagent::SubAgentRunner::new_with_registry(app.clone(), tool_registry)
                 .with_parent_session(sid.clone())
                 .with_thinking(false)
-                .with_llm_client(app.fast_llm.clone());
+                .with_llm_client(app.llm.fast.clone());
 
         let prompt = format!(
             "以下内容来自上下文压缩时被丢弃的对话片段。请从中提取值得持久化保存的关键信息。\n\n\
diff --git a/src/agent/memory/extraction.rs b/src/agent/memory/extraction.rs
index a7ce807..3096c36 100644
--- a/src/agent/memory/extraction.rs
+++ b/src/agent/memory/extraction.rs
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ pub async fn run_extraction(
 
     // 构建子代理
     let runner = SubAgentRunner::new_with_registry(app_state.clone(), tool_registry)
-        .with_llm_client(app_state.fast_llm.clone());
+        .with_llm_client(app_state.llm.fast.clone());
 
     // 构建提示词
     let prompt = build_extraction_prompt(20, &existing_manifest);
diff --git a/src/agent/runtime/events.rs b/src/agent/runtime/events.rs
index 6e94120..45d4ead 100644
--- a/src/agent/runtime/events.rs
+++ b/src/agent/runtime/events.rs
@@ -21,8 +21,12 @@ pub enum AgentStreamEvent {
         /// LLM 生成的工具调用 ID，用于全链路关联（前端/审计/持久化）
         id: String,
         name: String,
+        #[serde(default)]
+        display_name: String,
         arguments: serde_json::Value,
         step: usize,
+        #[serde(default)]
+        is_internal: bool,
     },
     /// 工具执行结果（Observation）
     #[serde(rename = "tool_result")]
@@ -30,10 +34,14 @@ pub enum AgentStreamEvent {
         /// 对应的工具调用 ID，前端凭此精确匹配 tool_call 条目
         tool_call_id: String,
         name: String,
+        #[serde(default)]
+        display_name: String,
         output: String,
         is_error: bool,
         metadata: serde_json::Value,
         step: usize,
+        #[serde(default)]
+        is_internal: bool,
     },
     /// 文本增量流式输出（最终回答或工具流式输出）
     #[serde(rename = "text_delta")]
diff --git a/src/agent/runtime/executor/helpers.rs b/src/agent/runtime/executor/helpers.rs
index 54cad95..dec05d8 100644
--- a/src/agent/runtime/executor/helpers.rs
+++ b/src/agent/runtime/executor/helpers.rs
@@ -111,19 +111,28 @@ pub(super) async fn process_single_result(
     additional_contexts: &mut Vec<String>,
     db: &SqlitePool,
     turn_index: i32,
+    tool_registry: &crate::agent::tools::ToolRegistry,
 ) {
     use crate::agent::tools::persist::maybe_persist_tool_result;
 
     let elapsed_ms = exec_start.elapsed().as_millis() as u64;
 
+    let (is_internal, display_name) = if let Some(tool) = tool_registry.get(tool_name) {
+        (tool.is_internal(), tool.display_name().to_string())
+    } else {
+        (false, tool_name.to_string())
+    };
+
     // SSE 事件 — 立即推送到前端
     let _ = tx.send(AgentStreamEvent::ToolResult {
         tool_call_id: tool_call_id.to_string(),
         name: tool_name.to_string(),
+        display_name,
         output: output.content.clone(),
         is_error: output.is_error,
         metadata: output.metadata.clone(),
         step,
+        is_internal,
     });
 
     // 输出处理：小结果直接传递，大结果持久化到磁盘并返回 stub
diff --git a/src/agent/runtime/executor/mod.rs b/src/agent/runtime/executor/mod.rs
index 4bc36a7..77d16b8 100644
--- a/src/agent/runtime/executor/mod.rs
+++ b/src/agent/runtime/executor/mod.rs
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ pub fn validate_and_prepare(
     duplicate_detector: &mut DuplicateDetector,
     duplicate_threshold: usize,
     messages: &mut Vec<ChatMessage>,
+    tool_registry: &ToolRegistry,
     tx: &mpsc::UnboundedSender<AgentStreamEvent>,
     db: &SqlitePool,
     session_id: &str,
@@ -88,13 +89,20 @@ pub fn validate_and_prepare(
             Ok(v) => v,
             Err(e) => {
                 let error_output = format!("工具参数 JSON 解析失败: {}", e);
+                let (is_internal, display_name) = if let Some(tool) = tool_registry.get(tool_name) {
+                    (tool.is_internal(), tool.display_name().to_string())
+                } else {
+                    (false, tool_name.clone())
+                };
                 let _ = tx.send(AgentStreamEvent::ToolResult {
                     tool_call_id: call_id.clone(),
                     name: tool_name.clone(),
+                    display_name,
                     output: error_output.clone(),
                     is_error: true,
                     metadata: serde_json::json!({}),
                     step,
+                    is_internal,
                 });
                 let tool_msg = ChatMessage::tool_result(&call_id, &error_output);
                 save_tool_message_sync(db, session_id, turn_index, step, &tool_msg);
@@ -158,11 +166,18 @@ pub async fn execute_parallel(
 
     // Phase 1: 发送 ToolCall SSE 事件
     for prep in prepared_calls {
+        let (is_internal, display_name) = if let Some(tool) = tool_registry.get(&prep.tool_name) {
+            (tool.is_internal(), tool.display_name().to_string())
+        } else {
+            (false, prep.tool_name.clone())
+        };
         let _ = tx.send(AgentStreamEvent::ToolCall {
             id: prep.tool_call_id.clone(),
             name: prep.tool_name.clone(),
+            display_name,
             arguments: prep.args.clone(),
             step,
+            is_internal,
         });
     }
 
@@ -260,9 +275,16 @@ pub async fn execute_parallel(
                 hardline_result.reason
             );
             let err_output = hardline_result.reason.clone();
+            let (is_internal, display_name) = if let Some(tool) = tool_registry.get(&prep.tool_name)
+            {
+                (tool.is_internal(), tool.display_name().to_string())
+            } else {
+                (false, prep.tool_name.clone())
+            };
             let _ = tx.send(AgentStreamEvent::ToolResult {
                 tool_call_id: prep.tool_call_id.clone(),
                 name: prep.tool_name.clone(),
+                display_name,
                 output: err_output.clone(),
                 is_error: true,
                 metadata: serde_json::json!({
@@ -270,6 +292,7 @@ pub async fn execute_parallel(
                     "hardline_category": hardline_result.category,
                 }),
                 step,
+                is_internal,
             });
             let err_msg = ChatMessage::tool_result(&prep.tool_call_id, &err_output);
             save_tool_message_sync(db, &sid, turn_index, step, &err_msg);
@@ -364,13 +387,21 @@ pub async fn execute_parallel(
                     );
                     let err_output =
                         format!("工具 {} 被权限规则拒绝执行: {}", prep.tool_name, reason);
+                    let (is_internal, display_name) =
+                        if let Some(tool) = tool_registry.get(&prep.tool_name) {
+                            (tool.is_internal(), tool.display_name().to_string())
+                        } else {
+                            (false, prep.tool_name.clone())
+                        };
                     let _ = tx.send(AgentStreamEvent::ToolResult {
                         tool_call_id: prep.tool_call_id.clone(),
                         name: prep.tool_name.clone(),
+                        display_name,
                         output: err_output.clone(),
                         is_error: true,
                         metadata: serde_json::json!({}),
                         step,
+                        is_internal,
                     });
                     let err_msg = ChatMessage::tool_result(&prep.tool_call_id, &err_output);
                     save_tool_message_sync(db, &sid, turn_index, step, &err_msg);
@@ -413,7 +444,7 @@ pub async fn execute_parallel(
 
                     // 存储待处理的权限请求
                     {
-                        let mut perms = app_state.pending_permissions.lock().await;
+                        let mut perms = app_state.session.pending_permissions.lock().await;
                         perms.insert(
                             perm_id.clone(),
                             PendingPermission {
@@ -422,6 +453,7 @@ pub async fn execute_parallel(
                                 message: message.clone(),
                                 arguments: prep.args.clone(),
                                 response_tx: resp_tx,
+                                created_at: std::time::Instant::now(),
                             },
                         );
                     }
@@ -431,7 +463,12 @@ pub async fn execute_parallel(
                     let perm_result = tokio::time::timeout(timeout_dur, resp_rx).await;
 
                     // 清理待处理的权限请求
-                    app_state.pending_permissions.lock().await.remove(&perm_id);
+                    app_state
+                        .session
+                        .pending_permissions
+                        .lock()
+                        .await
+                        .remove(&perm_id);
 
                     match perm_result {
                         Ok(Ok(response)) if response.allowed => {
@@ -451,13 +488,21 @@ pub async fn execute_parallel(
                             // 用户拒绝
                             info!("[Executor] 用户拒绝了工具 {}", prep.tool_name);
                             let err_output = format!("用户拒绝了工具 {} 的执行", prep.tool_name);
+                            let (is_internal, display_name) =
+                                if let Some(tool) = tool_registry.get(&prep.tool_name) {
+                                    (tool.is_internal(), tool.display_name().to_string())
+                                } else {
+                                    (false, prep.tool_name.clone())
+                                };
                             let _ = tx.send(AgentStreamEvent::ToolResult {
                                 tool_call_id: prep.tool_call_id.clone(),
                                 name: prep.tool_name.clone(),
+                                display_name,
                                 output: err_output.clone(),
                                 is_error: true,
                                 metadata: serde_json::json!({}),
                                 step,
+                                is_internal,
                             });
                             let err_msg = ChatMessage::tool_result(&prep.tool_call_id, &err_output);
                             save_tool_message_sync(db, &sid, turn_index, step, &err_msg);
@@ -482,13 +527,21 @@ pub async fn execute_parallel(
                             warn!("[Executor] 权限请求超时或取消: {}", prep.tool_name);
                             let err_output =
                                 format!("权限请求超时 (120s): {} 未获得用户确认", prep.tool_name);
+                            let (is_internal, display_name) =
+                                if let Some(tool) = tool_registry.get(&prep.tool_name) {
+                                    (tool.is_internal(), tool.display_name().to_string())
+                                } else {
+                                    (false, prep.tool_name.clone())
+                                };
                             let _ = tx.send(AgentStreamEvent::ToolResult {
                                 tool_call_id: prep.tool_call_id.clone(),
                                 name: prep.tool_name.clone(),
+                                display_name,
                                 output: err_output.clone(),
                                 is_error: true,
                                 metadata: serde_json::json!({}),
                                 step,
+                                is_internal,
                             });
                             let err_msg = ChatMessage::tool_result(&prep.tool_call_id, &err_output);
                             save_tool_message_sync(db, &sid, turn_index, step, &err_msg);
@@ -538,7 +591,7 @@ pub async fn execute_parallel(
     let cancel_handle = tokio::spawn(async move {
         loop {
             tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(250)).await;
-            if app_state_ref.cancelled_runs.contains_key(&sid_ref) {
+            if app_state_ref.session.cancelled_runs.contains_key(&sid_ref) {
                 cancel_flag.store(true, Ordering::SeqCst);
                 return;
             }
@@ -658,7 +711,7 @@ pub async fn execute_parallel(
                     exec_start,
                     tx,
                     hook_registry,
-                    &app_state.config.library_dir,
+                    &app_state.config.storage.library_dir,
                     &sid,
                     agent_name,
                     step,
@@ -667,6 +720,7 @@ pub async fn execute_parallel(
                     &mut additional_contexts,
                     db,
                     turn_index,
+                    tool_registry,
                 )
                 .await;
             }
@@ -713,7 +767,7 @@ pub async fn execute_parallel(
                     exec_start,
                     tx,
                     hook_registry,
-                    &app_state.config.library_dir,
+                    &app_state.config.storage.library_dir,
                     &sid,
                     agent_name,
                     step,
@@ -722,6 +776,7 @@ pub async fn execute_parallel(
                     &mut additional_contexts,
                     db,
                     turn_index,
+                    tool_registry,
                 )
                 .await;
 
diff --git a/src/agent/runtime/mod.rs b/src/agent/runtime/mod.rs
index 1b7512f..d328633 100644
--- a/src/agent/runtime/mod.rs
+++ b/src/agent/runtime/mod.rs
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ impl AgentRuntime {
         ));
 
         // 视觉模型可用时注册 analyze_image 工具
-        if app_state.vision_llm.is_some() {
+        if app_state.llm.vision.is_some() {
             tool_registry.add_tool(Box::new(crate::agent::tools::astro::AnalyzeImageTool));
         }
 
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ impl AgentRuntime {
 
         // 初始化 checkpoint 管理器（存储在 library_dir/.checkpoints 下）
         let checkpoint_enabled = true;
-        let checkpoint_store = app_state.config.library_dir.join(".checkpoints");
+        let checkpoint_store = app_state.config.storage.library_dir.join(".checkpoints");
         let checkpoint_manager = Arc::new(checkpoint::CheckpointManager::new(
             std::fs::canonicalize(&checkpoint_store).unwrap_or(checkpoint_store),
             checkpoint_enabled,
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ impl AgentRuntime {
         tx: mpsc::UnboundedSender<AgentStreamEvent>,
     ) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
         let db = &self.app_state.db;
-        let llm = &self.app_state.llm;
+        let llm = &self.app_state.llm.primary;
 
         // Phase 1: 创建或恢复会话
         let session_info =
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ impl AgentRuntime {
         // 构建 hook 注册表（注入依赖，复用 AgentRuntime 的 metrics_data）
         let hook_registry = HookRegistry::with_builtins(
             db.clone(),
-            self.app_state.cancelled_runs.clone(),
+            self.app_state.session.cancelled_runs.clone(),
             Some(self.metrics_data.clone()),
         );
 
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ impl AgentRuntime {
 
         // Phase 4: 会话收尾（传入实际的终止原因 + trajectory 导出参数）
         let system_prompt = self.system_prompt();
-        let model_name = self.app_state.llm.model().await;
+        let model_name = self.app_state.llm.primary.model().await;
         finalize::finalize_turn(
             db,
             &session_info.session_id,
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ impl AgentRuntime {
             &tx,
             &hook_registry,
             loop_terminal,
-            Some(&self.app_state.config.library_dir),
+            Some(&self.app_state.config.storage.library_dir),
             Some(&model_name),
             Some(&system_prompt),
             Some(self.app_state.clone()),
@@ -434,12 +434,13 @@ impl AgentRuntime {
         hook_registry: &HookRegistry,
     ) -> anyhow::Result<(AgentMetrics, Option<TurnTerminal>)> {
         let db = &self.app_state.db;
-        let llm = &self.app_state.llm;
+        let llm = &self.app_state.llm.primary;
         let sid = &session_info.session_id;
         let turn_index = session_info.turn_index;
 
         // 注册当前会话的权限检查器（如不存在则从全局配置初始化）
         self.app_state
+            .session
             .session_permission_checkers
             .entry(sid.clone())
             .or_insert_with(|| (*self.permission_checker).clone());
@@ -468,7 +469,7 @@ impl AgentRuntime {
             self.checkpoint_manager.new_turn();
 
             // 检查用户取消
-            let is_cancelled = self.app_state.cancelled_runs.remove(sid).is_some();
+            let is_cancelled = self.app_state.session.cancelled_runs.remove(sid).is_some();
 
             if is_cancelled {
                 warn!("[AgentRuntime] 用户手动中止了会话 {} 的智能体执行", sid);
@@ -794,6 +795,7 @@ impl AgentRuntime {
                 &mut duplicate_detector,
                 self.config.duplicate_call_threshold,
                 messages,
+                &self.tool_registry,
                 tx,
                 db,
                 sid,
@@ -813,6 +815,7 @@ impl AgentRuntime {
             // 并行执行工具（带权限检查、checkpoint 和分区器）
             let session_checker_snapshot = self
                 .app_state
+                .session
                 .session_permission_checkers
                 .get(sid)
                 .map(|r| r.value().clone());
@@ -887,7 +890,7 @@ impl AgentRuntime {
             }
 
             if exec_result.was_cancelled {
-                self.app_state.cancelled_runs.remove(sid);
+                self.app_state.session.cancelled_runs.remove(sid);
                 warn!(
                     "[AgentRuntime] 工具执行期间被用户手动中止，会话 ID: {}",
                     sid
@@ -947,7 +950,7 @@ impl AgentRuntime {
             tx,
             step,
             session_id,
-            self.app_state.cancelled_runs.clone(),
+            self.app_state.session.cancelled_runs.clone(),
             self.config.enable_thinking,
         )
         .await;
@@ -955,7 +958,7 @@ impl AgentRuntime {
         match output.status {
             StreamStatus::Success => return Some(output),
             StreamStatus::Cancelled => {
-                self.app_state.cancelled_runs.remove(session_id);
+                self.app_state.session.cancelled_runs.remove(session_id);
                 warn!(
                     "[AgentRuntime] 流式调用期间被用户手动中止，会话 ID: {}",
                     session_id
@@ -1009,7 +1012,7 @@ impl AgentRuntime {
                 if matches!(error_kind, ErrorKind::Overloaded) {
                     consecutive_overloads += 1;
                     if consecutive_overloads >= 3 {
-                        let fallback = &self.app_state.config.llm_fallback_model;
+                        let fallback = &self.app_state.config.llm.fallback_model;
                         if !fallback.is_empty() {
                             warn!(
                                 "[AgentRuntime] 连续 {} 次过载，切换到备用模型: {}",
@@ -1017,11 +1020,11 @@ impl AgentRuntime {
                             );
                             llm.set_model(fallback.clone()).await;
                             consecutive_overloads = 0;
-                        } else if !self.app_state.config.llm_fallback_chain.is_empty() {
+                        } else if !self.app_state.config.llm.fallback_chain.is_empty() {
                             let idx = ((consecutive_overloads as usize - 3)
-                                % self.app_state.config.llm_fallback_chain.len())
-                            .min(self.app_state.config.llm_fallback_chain.len() - 1);
-                            let alt = &self.app_state.config.llm_fallback_chain[idx];
+                                % self.app_state.config.llm.fallback_chain.len())
+                            .min(self.app_state.config.llm.fallback_chain.len() - 1);
+                            let alt = &self.app_state.config.llm.fallback_chain[idx];
                             warn!(
                                 "[AgentRuntime] 连续 {} 次过载，从链中切换: {}",
                                 consecutive_overloads, alt
@@ -1033,7 +1036,12 @@ impl AgentRuntime {
                 }
 
                 // 检查用户取消
-                if self.app_state.cancelled_runs.contains_key(session_id) {
+                if self
+                    .app_state
+                    .session
+                    .cancelled_runs
+                    .contains_key(session_id)
+                {
                     warn!("[AgentRuntime] 退避重试期间被用户取消");
                     let _ = tx.send(AgentStreamEvent::Error {
                         message: "用户已手动中止执行。".to_string(),
@@ -1049,7 +1057,7 @@ impl AgentRuntime {
                     tx,
                     step,
                     session_id,
-                    self.app_state.cancelled_runs.clone(),
+                    self.app_state.session.cancelled_runs.clone(),
                     self.config.enable_thinking,
                 )
                 .await;
@@ -1060,7 +1068,7 @@ impl AgentRuntime {
                         return Some(retry_output);
                     }
                     StreamStatus::Cancelled => {
-                        self.app_state.cancelled_runs.remove(session_id);
+                        self.app_state.session.cancelled_runs.remove(session_id);
                         return None;
                     }
                     StreamStatus::Error(_) => {
@@ -1155,7 +1163,7 @@ impl AgentRuntime {
                 tx,
                 step,
                 session_id,
-                self.app_state.cancelled_runs.clone(),
+                self.app_state.session.cancelled_runs.clone(),
                 self.config.enable_thinking,
             )
             .await;
@@ -1168,7 +1176,7 @@ impl AgentRuntime {
                     return Some(retry_output);
                 }
                 StreamStatus::Cancelled => {
-                    self.app_state.cancelled_runs.remove(session_id);
+                    self.app_state.session.cancelled_runs.remove(session_id);
                     warn!("[AgentRuntime] 恢复期间被用户中止");
                     let _ = tx.send(AgentStreamEvent::Error {
                         message: "用户已手动中止执行。".to_string(),
@@ -1335,7 +1343,7 @@ impl AgentRuntime {
         };
 
         let today = chrono::Utc::now().format("%Y-%m-%d").to_string();
-        let model_name = self.app_state.llm.model_name_snapshot();
+        let model_name = self.app_state.llm.primary.model_name_snapshot();
 
         let mut lines = vec![
             "# 环境信息".to_string(),
diff --git a/src/agent/runtime/streaming_executor.rs b/src/agent/runtime/streaming_executor.rs
index b42d14d..73c538b 100644
--- a/src/agent/runtime/streaming_executor.rs
+++ b/src/agent/runtime/streaming_executor.rs
@@ -587,58 +587,68 @@ mod tests {
             db: pool,
             dict: Dictionary::default(),
             qiniu,
-            ads,
-            arxiv,
-            vizier,
-            lamost: crate::clients::lamost::LamostClient::new("https://www.lamost.org", 60)
-                .unwrap(),
-            gaia: crate::clients::gaia::GaiaClient::new(
-                "https://gea.esac.esa.int/tap-server/tap",
-                "https://gea.esac.esa.int/data-server",
-                90,
-            )
-            .unwrap(),
-            sdss: crate::clients::sdss::SdssClient::new("https://datalab.noirlab.edu/tap/sync", 90)
-                .unwrap(),
-            desi: crate::clients::desi::DesiClient::new(
-                "https://datalab.noirlab.edu/tap/sync",
-                120,
-            )
-            .unwrap(),
-            irsa: crate::clients::irsa::IrsaClient::new("https://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu", 60)
-                .unwrap(),
-            mast: crate::clients::mast::MastClient::new("https://mast.stsci.edu", 90).unwrap(),
-            observation_registry: std::sync::Arc::new(
-                crate::services::observation::ObservationRegistry::default(),
-            ),
-            llm: llm.clone(),
-            medium_llm: llm.clone(),
-            fast_llm: llm.clone(),
-            vision_llm: None,
-            embedding,
             downloader: Downloader::new().expect("downloader"),
             http_client: reqwest::Client::new(),
             harvest_status: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(MetaSyncStatus::default())),
             batch_status: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(AssetBatchStatus::default())),
             active_bibcode: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(None)),
-            cancelled_runs: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
             skill_registry: Arc::new(tokio::sync::RwLock::new(SkillRegistry::new(PathBuf::from(
                 "/tmp/sk",
             )))),
-            pending_questions: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(std::collections::HashMap::new())),
-            pending_permissions: Arc::new(
-                tokio::sync::Mutex::new(std::collections::HashMap::new()),
-            ),
-            session_permission_checkers: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
             sse_broadcast: None,
             memory_manager: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(MemoryManager::new(PathBuf::from(
                 "/tmp/test_mem",
             )))),
-            sessions: Arc::new(tokio::sync::RwLock::new(std::collections::HashMap::new())),
-            login_rate_limiter: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(std::collections::HashMap::new())),
-            upload_rate_limiter: Arc::new(
-                tokio::sync::Mutex::new(std::collections::HashMap::new()),
-            ),
+            login_rate_limiter: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
+            upload_rate_limiter: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
+            llm: crate::api::LlmState {
+                primary: llm.clone(),
+                medium: llm.clone(),
+                fast: llm.clone(),
+                vision: None,
+                embedding,
+            },
+            sources: crate::api::DataSourceState {
+                ads,
+                arxiv,
+                vizier,
+                lamost: crate::clients::lamost::LamostClient::new("https://www.lamost.org", 60)
+                    .unwrap(),
+                gaia: crate::clients::gaia::GaiaClient::new(
+                    "https://gea.esac.esa.int/tap-server/tap",
+                    "https://gea.esac.esa.int/data-server",
+                    90,
+                )
+                .unwrap(),
+                sdss: crate::clients::sdss::SdssClient::new(
+                    "https://datalab.noirlab.edu/tap/sync",
+                    90,
+                )
+                .unwrap(),
+                desi: crate::clients::desi::DesiClient::new(
+                    "https://datalab.noirlab.edu/tap/sync",
+                    120,
+                )
+                .unwrap(),
+                irsa: crate::clients::irsa::IrsaClient::new("https://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu", 60)
+                    .unwrap(),
+                mast: crate::clients::mast::MastClient::new("https://mast.stsci.edu", 90).unwrap(),
+                observation_registry: std::sync::Arc::new(
+                    crate::services::observation::ObservationRegistry::default(),
+                ),
+            },
+            session: crate::api::SessionState {
+                sessions: Arc::new(tokio::sync::RwLock::new(std::collections::HashMap::new())),
+                session_last_active: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
+                cancelled_runs: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
+                session_permission_checkers: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
+                pending_questions: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(
+                    std::collections::HashMap::new(),
+                )),
+                pending_permissions: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(
+                    std::collections::HashMap::new(),
+                )),
+            },
         });
 
         ToolContext::new(app_state)
diff --git a/src/agent/subagent.rs b/src/agent/subagent.rs
index 4b44b2c..03ca83f 100644
--- a/src/agent/subagent.rs
+++ b/src/agent/subagent.rs
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ pub struct SubAgentRunner {
     progress_tx: Option<UnboundedSender<AgentStreamEvent>>,
     /// 父代理的会话 ID（用于子代理消息 of 数据库持久化）
     parent_session_id: String,
-    /// 覆盖子代理使用的模型客户端，若不指定则默认使用 app_state.llm (主推理模型)
+    /// 覆盖子代理使用的模型客户端，若不指定则默认使用 app_state.llm.primary (主推理模型)
     llm_client_override: Option<LlmClient>,
 }
 
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ impl SubAgentRunner {
         let llm = self
             .llm_client_override
             .as_ref()
-            .unwrap_or(&self.app_state.llm);
+            .unwrap_or(&self.app_state.llm.primary);
         let tool_defs = self.tool_registry.definitions();
 
         // 全新上下文
@@ -469,11 +469,19 @@ impl SubAgentRunner {
 
                 // ── 向父代理发送进度事件 ──
                 if let Some(ref tx) = self.progress_tx {
+                    let (is_internal, display_name) =
+                        if let Some(tool) = self.tool_registry.get(tool_name) {
+                            (tool.is_internal(), format!("[sub] {}", tool.display_name()))
+                        } else {
+                            (false, format!("[sub] {}", tool_name))
+                        };
                     let _ = tx.send(AgentStreamEvent::ToolCall {
                         id: tool_call.id.clone(),
                         name: format!("[sub] {}", tool_name),
+                        display_name,
                         arguments: args.clone(),
                         step,
+                        is_internal,
                     });
                 }
 
@@ -607,13 +615,21 @@ impl SubAgentRunner {
                 // 向父代理发送工具结果进度
                 if let Some(ref tx) = self.progress_tx {
                     let preview: String = final_output_content.chars().take(200).collect();
+                    let (is_internal, display_name) =
+                        if let Some(tool) = self.tool_registry.get(tool_name) {
+                            (tool.is_internal(), format!("[sub] {}", tool.display_name()))
+                        } else {
+                            (false, format!("[sub] {}", tool_name))
+                        };
                     let _ = tx.send(AgentStreamEvent::ToolResult {
                         tool_call_id: tool_call.id.clone(),
                         name: format!("[sub] {}", tool_name),
+                        display_name,
                         output: preview,
                         is_error: output.is_error,
                         metadata: serde_json::json!({}),
                         step,
+                        is_internal,
                     });
                 }
 
diff --git a/src/agent/team/teammate.rs b/src/agent/team/teammate.rs
index 4a63196..179b2f7 100644
--- a/src/agent/team/teammate.rs
+++ b/src/agent/team/teammate.rs
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ pub async fn run_teammate_loop(
     status: Arc<Mutex<MemberStatus>>,
     cancelled: Arc<AtomicBool>,
 ) {
-    let llm = &app_state.llm;
+    let llm = &app_state.llm.primary;
     // 队友的工具注册表排除 subagent（防止无限委托链）
     let queue = Arc::new(BgNotificationQueue::new());
     let tool_registry =
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/ask_user.rs b/src/agent/tools/ask_user.rs
index 742646e..a577457 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/ask_user.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/ask_user.rs
@@ -58,6 +58,10 @@ impl AgentTool for AskUserTool {
         "ask_user"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "询问用户"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "当任务需求不明确、缺少关键参数、或需要在多个方案之间选择时，向用户提问。\
          支持预定义选项（单选/多选）。会暂停当前任务等待用户回复。\
@@ -169,12 +173,13 @@ impl AgentTool for AskUserTool {
 
         // 将通道发送端存储到 AppState 的待处理问题列表
         {
-            let mut pending = ctx.app_state.pending_questions.lock().await;
+            let mut pending = ctx.app_state.session.pending_questions.lock().await;
             pending.insert(
                 short_id.clone(),
                 crate::api::PendingQuestion {
                     question_json: question_json.clone(),
                     answer_tx: tx,
+                    created_at: std::time::Instant::now(),
                 },
             );
         }
@@ -197,6 +202,7 @@ impl AgentTool for AskUserTool {
 
                 // 清理
                 ctx.app_state
+                    .session
                     .pending_questions
                     .lock()
                     .await
@@ -226,6 +232,7 @@ impl AgentTool for AskUserTool {
             Ok(Err(_)) => {
                 // 通道关闭（发送端被 drop）
                 ctx.app_state
+                    .session
                     .pending_questions
                     .lock()
                     .await
@@ -235,6 +242,7 @@ impl AgentTool for AskUserTool {
             Err(_) => {
                 // 超时
                 ctx.app_state
+                    .session
                     .pending_questions
                     .lock()
                     .await
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/astro/analyze_image.rs b/src/agent/tools/astro/analyze_image.rs
index ee7c9f9..e4cc0cb 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/astro/analyze_image.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/astro/analyze_image.rs
@@ -61,6 +61,10 @@ impl AgentTool for AnalyzeImageTool {
         "analyze_image"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "图片分析"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "使用专用视觉模型分析图片。可传入本地图片路径（相对于 library 目录）或 http/https URL。分析结果会实时流式输出。"
     }
@@ -112,7 +116,7 @@ impl AgentTool for AnalyzeImageTool {
             Some(q) => q.to_string(),
             None => return ToolOutput::error("缺少必需参数 'question'"),
         };
-        let vision_llm = match ctx.app_state.vision_llm.as_ref() {
+        let vision_llm = match ctx.app_state.llm.vision.as_ref() {
             Some(v) => v,
             None => {
                 return ToolOutput::error(
@@ -133,7 +137,7 @@ impl AgentTool for AnalyzeImageTool {
             let resolved: PathBuf = if Path::new(&image_path).is_absolute() {
                 PathBuf::from(&image_path)
             } else {
-                ctx.app_state.config.library_dir.join(&image_path)
+                ctx.app_state.config.storage.library_dir.join(&image_path)
             };
             if !is_path_allowed(&resolved, ctx) {
                 return ToolOutput::error(format!("路径不在允许的沙箱范围内: {}", image_path));
@@ -144,7 +148,7 @@ impl AgentTool for AnalyzeImageTool {
             &image_path,
             &question,
             vision_llm,
-            &ctx.app_state.config.library_dir,
+            &ctx.app_state.config.storage.library_dir,
             ctx.sse_tx.as_ref(),
             ctx.tool_call_id.clone(),
         )
@@ -173,22 +177,22 @@ mod tests {
     async fn test_execute_with_progress_real() {
         let config = crate::Config::from_env();
 
-        if config.llm_vision_model.is_empty() {
+        if config.vision.model.is_empty() {
             eprintln!("跳过: 未配置 LLM_VISION_MODEL 环境变量");
             return;
         }
 
-        let key = if config.llm_vision_api_key.is_empty() {
-            config.llm_api_key.clone()
+        let key = if config.vision.api_key.is_empty() {
+            config.llm.api_key.clone()
         } else {
-            config.llm_vision_api_key.clone()
+            config.vision.api_key.clone()
         };
-        let base = if config.llm_vision_api_base.is_empty() {
-            config.llm_api_base.clone()
+        let base = if config.vision.api_base.is_empty() {
+            config.llm.api_base.clone()
         } else {
-            config.llm_vision_api_base.clone()
+            config.vision.api_base.clone()
         };
-        let vision_llm = LlmClient::new(key, base, config.llm_vision_model.clone()).unwrap();
+        let vision_llm = LlmClient::new(key, base, config.vision.model.clone()).unwrap();
 
         // 写入测试图片到临时目录
         let tmp_dir = std::env::temp_dir().join("astro_vision_test");
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/astro/research/library.rs b/src/agent/tools/astro/research/library.rs
index 1afeb14..5b92c27 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/astro/research/library.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/astro/research/library.rs
@@ -19,6 +19,10 @@ impl AgentTool for SearchLocalLibraryTool {
         "search_local_library"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "本地文献库检索"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "在本地文献库中进行全文检索。搜索范围包括标题、作者、关键词、摘要和期刊名。\
          使用 BM25 相关性排序，返回匹配度最高的结果。适用于：查找已入库的文献、按关键词或作者浏览本地馆藏。"
@@ -148,6 +152,10 @@ impl AgentTool for GetCitationNetworkTool {
         "get_citation_network"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "文献引用网络"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "浏览和查找文献的引用关系。两种用法：\
          1. 引用查找——提供 query 参数（如 'Lei 2023'），在参考文献/被引列表中按作者+年份模糊匹配，返回匹配的文献信息；\
@@ -237,7 +245,7 @@ impl AgentTool for GetCitationNetworkTool {
         // 验证源文献存在
         let paper = match crate::services::paper::get_paper_from_db(
             &state.db,
-            &state.config.library_dir,
+            &state.config.storage.library_dir,
             &bibcode,
         )
         .await
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/astro/research/metadata.rs b/src/agent/tools/astro/research/metadata.rs
index 69bb2a2..59951aa 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/astro/research/metadata.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/astro/research/metadata.rs
@@ -15,6 +15,10 @@ impl AgentTool for GetPaperMetadataTool {
         "get_paper_metadata"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "获取文献信息"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "获取指定文献的完整元数据信息（包括完整标题、所有作者、出版期刊、关键字、引用数、完整摘要等）。\
          适用于：需要查看某篇文献的详细信息、阅读完整摘要以评估文献相关性。"
@@ -56,7 +60,7 @@ impl AgentTool for GetPaperMetadataTool {
 
         match crate::services::paper::get_paper_from_db(
             &state.db,
-            &state.config.library_dir,
+            &state.config.storage.library_dir,
             &bibcode,
         )
         .await
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/astro/research/note.rs b/src/agent/tools/astro/research/note.rs
index 3a10de1..173c75b 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/astro/research/note.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/astro/research/note.rs
@@ -15,6 +15,10 @@ impl AgentTool for SaveNoteTool {
         "save_note"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "保存笔记"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "将研究中间结果或最终结论保存为 Markdown 笔记文件。适用于记录阅读摘要、研究思路、文献分析等。"
     }
@@ -57,8 +61,12 @@ impl AgentTool for SaveNoteTool {
         info!("[SaveNote] 保存笔记: {}", title);
         let state = &ctx.app_state;
 
-        match crate::services::note::save_note_service(&state.config.library_dir, &title, &content)
-            .await
+        match crate::services::note::save_note_service(
+            &state.config.storage.library_dir,
+            &title,
+            &content,
+        )
+        .await
         {
             Ok((filename, filepath, size)) => ToolOutput::success(
                 format!("笔记已保存: {}", filename),
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/astro/research/observation.rs b/src/agent/tools/astro/research/observation.rs
index 6b40a99..6ad8cdd 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/astro/research/observation.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/astro/research/observation.rs
@@ -44,6 +44,10 @@ impl AgentTool for FindObservationTool {
         "find_observation"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "观测数据获取"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "下载天文观测数据（LAMOST/Gaia/SDSS/DESI 的光谱/光变/测光/图像）。\n\
          坐标模式：给 ra/dec + source + product，自动 cone 检索并下载最近（或全部）命中源。\n\
@@ -225,7 +229,9 @@ impl AgentTool for FindObservationTool {
             }
         };
 
-        match download_observation(state, &state.observation_registry, &request, force).await {
+        match download_observation(state, &state.sources.observation_registry, &request, force)
+            .await
+        {
             Ok(batch) => {
                 let content = render_batch(&batch);
                 ToolOutput::success(content, json!(batch))
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/astro/research/paper.rs b/src/agent/tools/astro/research/paper.rs
index 9434b08..01edc91 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/astro/research/paper.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/astro/research/paper.rs
@@ -21,6 +21,10 @@ impl AgentTool for GetPaperOutlineTool {
         "get_paper_outline"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "文献提纲提取"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &'static str {
         "获取文献的章节大纲目录，列出所有章节的序号和标题。\n\
          在读取文献内容前，强烈建议先使用此工具了解章节结构，以便按需读取，节约 token。"
@@ -52,7 +56,7 @@ impl AgentTool for GetPaperOutlineTool {
 
         match crate::services::paper::read_paper_content(
             &state.db,
-            &state.config.library_dir,
+            &state.config.storage.library_dir,
             &bibcode,
             mode,
         )
@@ -108,6 +112,10 @@ impl AgentTool for GetPaperContentTool {
         "get_paper_content"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "文献内容读取"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &'static str {
         "获取文献的具体内容（全文或指定章节内容）。\n\
          可传入 section_index 或 section_name 指定仅读取某一章节。\n\
@@ -176,7 +184,7 @@ impl AgentTool for GetPaperContentTool {
 
         match crate::services::paper::read_paper_content(
             &state.db,
-            &state.config.library_dir,
+            &state.config.storage.library_dir,
             &bibcode,
             mode,
         )
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/astro/research/rag.rs b/src/agent/tools/astro/research/rag.rs
index cb94e6e..573ca6a 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/astro/research/rag.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/astro/research/rag.rs
@@ -15,6 +15,10 @@ impl AgentTool for RagSearchTool {
         "rag_search"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "文献库RAG检索"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "在向量化文献库中执行混合语义检索。同时利用稠密向量（语义相似）和稀疏 BM25（关键词精确匹配），\
          用 RRF（倒数秩融合）算法合并两路结果，兼顾同义表达和精确术语。\
@@ -64,8 +68,13 @@ impl AgentTool for RagSearchTool {
         );
         let state = &ctx.app_state;
 
-        match crate::services::rag::retrieve_hybrid(&state.db, &state.embedding, &question, top_k)
-            .await
+        match crate::services::rag::retrieve_hybrid(
+            &state.db,
+            &state.llm.embedding,
+            &question,
+            top_k,
+        )
+        .await
         {
             Ok(chunks) => {
                 if chunks.is_empty() {
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/astro/research/target.rs b/src/agent/tools/astro/research/target.rs
index 52f29b0..c9b9b72 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/astro/research/target.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/astro/research/target.rs
@@ -15,6 +15,10 @@ impl AgentTool for QueryTargetTool {
         "query_target"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "天体解析"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "查询天体目标的基本物理参数（坐标 RA/Dec、视星等、光谱类型、视差等）。数据来源为 CDS SIMBAD/Sesame 名称解析服务，结果自动缓存。\
          支持常见天体名称，如 'NGC 6752'、'GD 358'、'HD 209458'、'M 31' 等。"
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/astro/research/vizier.rs b/src/agent/tools/astro/research/vizier.rs
index ad68446..a2d96f8 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/astro/research/vizier.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/astro/research/vizier.rs
@@ -90,6 +90,10 @@ impl AgentTool for CatalogOperationTool {
         "catalog_operation"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "星表检索"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "VizieR 星表统一操作。通过 action 选择：\n\
          search — 按关键词搜索星表目录；\n\
@@ -196,7 +200,8 @@ async fn do_catalog_search(state: &crate::api::AppState, args: &serde_json::Valu
         .unwrap_or(10)
         .clamp(1, 30) as usize;
 
-    let catalog = crate::services::cds::vizier::VizierCatalog::new(&state.db, &state.vizier);
+    let catalog =
+        crate::services::cds::vizier::VizierCatalog::new(&state.db, &state.sources.vizier);
     let results = match catalog.search(keyword, limit).await {
         Ok(r) => r,
         Err(e) => return ToolOutput::error(format!("搜索失败: {}", e)),
@@ -229,7 +234,8 @@ async fn do_catalog_describe(state: &crate::api::AppState, args: &serde_json::Va
         None => return ToolOutput::error("describe 需要 'table' 参数"),
     };
 
-    let catalog = crate::services::cds::vizier::VizierCatalog::new(&state.db, &state.vizier);
+    let catalog =
+        crate::services::cds::vizier::VizierCatalog::new(&state.db, &state.sources.vizier);
     let columns = match catalog.describe(table).await {
         Ok(c) => c,
         Err(e) => return ToolOutput::error(format!("查询表结构失败: {}", e)),
@@ -266,7 +272,13 @@ async fn do_catalog_query(state: &crate::api::AppState, args: &serde_json::Value
             limit,
             adql.chars().take(150).collect::<String>()
         );
-        crate::services::cds::vizier::query_adql_cached(&state.db, &state.vizier, adql, limit).await
+        crate::services::cds::vizier::query_adql_cached(
+            &state.db,
+            &state.sources.vizier,
+            adql,
+            limit,
+        )
+        .await
     } else if let Some(table) = args.get("table").and_then(|v| v.as_str()) {
         let columns: Vec<String> = args
             .get("columns")
@@ -274,8 +286,14 @@ async fn do_catalog_query(state: &crate::api::AppState, args: &serde_json::Value
             .map(|c| c.split(',').map(|s| s.trim().to_string()).collect())
             .unwrap_or_default();
         info!("[CatalogOp:query] table={} limit={}", table, limit);
-        crate::services::cds::vizier::query_table(&state.db, &state.vizier, table, &columns, limit)
-            .await
+        crate::services::cds::vizier::query_table(
+            &state.db,
+            &state.sources.vizier,
+            table,
+            &columns,
+            limit,
+        )
+        .await
     } else {
         return ToolOutput::error("query 需要 'adql' 或 'table' 参数之一");
     };
@@ -328,7 +346,7 @@ async fn do_catalog_cone(state: &crate::api::AppState, args: &serde_json::Value)
 
     match crate::services::cds::vizier::cone_search(
         &state.db,
-        &state.vizier,
+        &state.sources.vizier,
         ra,
         dec,
         radius,
@@ -365,10 +383,11 @@ async fn do_catalog_export(state: &crate::api::AppState, args: &serde_json::Valu
         return ToolOutput::error("export 需要 'adql' 或 'table' 参数");
     }
 
-    let catalog = crate::services::cds::vizier::VizierCatalog::new(&state.db, &state.vizier);
+    let catalog =
+        crate::services::cds::vizier::VizierCatalog::new(&state.db, &state.sources.vizier);
     let result = match catalog
         .export_to_file(
-            state.config.library_dir.to_str().unwrap_or("."),
+            state.config.storage.library_dir.to_str().unwrap_or("."),
             adql,
             table,
             columns,
@@ -406,8 +425,11 @@ async fn do_catalog_lookup(state: &crate::api::AppState, args: &serde_json::Valu
         .unwrap_or(10)
         .clamp(1, 30) as usize;
 
-    let catalog =
-        crate::services::cds::vizier::VizierCatalog::with_ads(&state.db, &state.vizier, &state.ads);
+    let catalog = crate::services::cds::vizier::VizierCatalog::with_ads(
+        &state.db,
+        &state.sources.vizier,
+        &state.sources.ads,
+    );
     let results = match catalog.lookup(bibcode, limit).await {
         Ok(r) => r,
         Err(e) => return ToolOutput::error(format!("查找失败: {}", e)),
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/astro/system/process.rs b/src/agent/tools/astro/system/process.rs
index da39007..7f27d91 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/astro/system/process.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/astro/system/process.rs
@@ -14,6 +14,10 @@ impl AgentTool for ProcessPaperTool {
         "process_paper"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "文献精读"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "文献处理流水线工具。按需执行一个或多个任务步骤：下载全文资源（PDF/HTML）、解析为结构化 Markdown、向量化嵌入。\
          任务按序执行，任一步失败则终止后续步骤。适用于：将新文献纳入本地库的完整流程。"
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/astro/system/search.rs b/src/agent/tools/astro/system/search.rs
index 5b314c4..4ae4524 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/astro/system/search.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/astro/system/search.rs
@@ -15,6 +15,10 @@ impl AgentTool for SearchPapersTool {
         "search_papers"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "文献搜索"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "搜索天文学文献。支持 NASA ADS 和 arXiv 跨平台联合检索，结果自动合并去重，并关联本地馆藏状态与引用关系网。输入关键词或高级检索式，返回匹配的文献列表。\
          适用于：查找相关文献、了解研究领域现状、获取特定主题的论文。"
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/background.rs b/src/agent/tools/background.rs
index 267bd20..8d81d9e 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/background.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/background.rs
@@ -31,6 +31,10 @@ impl AgentTool for BgTaskRunTool {
         "bg_task_run"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "后台任务"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "在后台异步执行慢速工具（process_paper）。\
          返回任务ID后立即让 LLM 继续思考，后台完成的结果会在下一轮对话中自动通知。\
@@ -153,6 +157,14 @@ impl AgentTool for BgTaskCheckTool {
         "bg_task_check"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "检查后台"
+    }
+
+    fn is_internal(&self) -> bool {
+        true
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "查询后台任务状态。不指定 task_id 时返回所有任务。"
     }
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/compress.rs b/src/agent/tools/compress.rs
index f807fd2..759c835 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/compress.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/compress.rs
@@ -14,6 +14,14 @@ impl AgentTool for CompressTool {
         "compress_context"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "压缩上下文"
+    }
+
+    fn is_internal(&self) -> bool {
+        true
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "手动压缩对话上下文。当你发现对话历史过长、token 消耗过大时，主动调用此工具进行压缩以释放空间。\
          压缩后历史对话将被摘要替代，但关键信息不会丢失。"
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/filesystem/bash.rs b/src/agent/tools/filesystem/bash.rs
index b34a1df..9a5bafe 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/filesystem/bash.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/filesystem/bash.rs
@@ -21,6 +21,10 @@ impl AgentTool for RunBashTool {
         "run_bash"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "运行命令"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "执行一个 Bash 命令并返回 stdout 和 stderr。\
          适用场景：运行 skill 目录中的 scripts/*.py、文件处理、数据提取。\
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/filesystem/edit.rs b/src/agent/tools/filesystem/edit.rs
index 6b6ea9f..3b57197 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/filesystem/edit.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/filesystem/edit.rs
@@ -158,6 +158,10 @@ impl AgentTool for FileEditTool {
         "file_edit"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "修改文件"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "在文件中执行精确的字符串替换。查找 old_string 并替换为 new_string。\
          old_string 在文件中必须唯一（仅出现一次），以防止意外破坏其他内容。\
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/filesystem/glob.rs b/src/agent/tools/filesystem/glob.rs
index 23d1d15..7895526 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/filesystem/glob.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/filesystem/glob.rs
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@ impl AgentTool for GlobFilesTool {
         "glob_files"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "文件搜索"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "使用 glob 模式查找匹配的文件。支持通配符 * 和 **。返回匹配的文件路径列表。路径必须在允许的沙箱范围内。"
     }
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/filesystem/grep.rs b/src/agent/tools/filesystem/grep.rs
index 4d7c85e..995a710 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/filesystem/grep.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/filesystem/grep.rs
@@ -21,6 +21,10 @@ impl AgentTool for GrepFilesTool {
         "grep_files"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "文本检索"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "在指定目录或文件中搜索匹配正则表达式的行。返回匹配行及其上下文（前后各 2 行）。适用于在代码库或文献中搜索特定模式。"
     }
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/filesystem/read.rs b/src/agent/tools/filesystem/read.rs
index c5fe2ae..dfe4c21 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/filesystem/read.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/filesystem/read.rs
@@ -23,6 +23,10 @@ impl AgentTool for ReadFileTool {
         "read_file"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "查看文件"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "读取指定路径的文件内容。支持文本文件和代码文件。会自动截断过长的内容。路径必须在允许的沙箱范围内。如果文件自上次读取后未修改，会返回占位消息以节省上下文。"
     }
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/filesystem/security.rs b/src/agent/tools/filesystem/security.rs
index 4a47395..081e47b 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/filesystem/security.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/filesystem/security.rs
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ pub fn is_path_allowed(path: &Path, ctx: &ToolContext) -> bool {
     };
     // 内置允许根目录
     let builtin_roots: [Option<std::path::PathBuf>; 3] = [
-        config.library_dir.canonicalize().ok(),
-        config.skills_dir.canonicalize().ok(),
+        config.storage.library_dir.canonicalize().ok(),
+        config.storage.skills_dir.canonicalize().ok(),
         std::env::current_dir().ok(),
     ];
     for root in builtin_roots.iter().flatten() {
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/filesystem/write.rs b/src/agent/tools/filesystem/write.rs
index 90efcfd..beffee3 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/filesystem/write.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/filesystem/write.rs
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@ impl AgentTool for FileWriteTool {
         "file_write"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "写文件"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "将内容写入指定路径的文件。如果文件已存在则覆盖。路径必须在允许的沙箱范围内。适用于保存研究结果、生成报告等。"
     }
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/memory.rs b/src/agent/tools/memory.rs
index 0d9ad45..7f221f1 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/memory.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/memory.rs
@@ -30,6 +30,14 @@ impl AgentTool for SaveMemoryTool {
         "save_memory"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "保存记忆"
+    }
+
+    fn is_internal(&self) -> bool {
+        true
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "将重要信息保存到项目记忆系统。记忆会跨会话持久化，在后续会话中自动加载。\
          用于保存：用户偏好、研究方法论、项目进展、重要发现、外部参考。\n\n\
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/mod.rs b/src/agent/tools/mod.rs
index 78b58d8..c951352 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/mod.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/mod.rs
@@ -299,6 +299,17 @@ pub trait AgentTool: Send + Sync {
         false
     }
 
+    /// 该工具是否为系统内部工具（如果是，执行成功时前端默认微缩/隐藏）
+    fn is_internal(&self) -> bool {
+        false
+    }
+
+    /// 工具中文/显示名称，用于前端 UI 和审计日志的友好展示。
+    /// 默认返回 name()。
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        self.name()
+    }
+
     /// 带进度流式执行。默认委托给 execute()。
     /// 长时间操作的工具可覆写以发送进度更新。
     async fn execute_with_progress(
@@ -508,6 +519,14 @@ impl ToolRegistry {
         self.tools.get(name).map(|t| t.as_ref())
     }
 
+    /// 获取注册表中所有已注册工具的引用列表
+    pub fn list(&self) -> Vec<&dyn AgentTool> {
+        self.ordered_names
+            .iter()
+            .filter_map(|name| self.tools.get(name).map(|t| t.as_ref()))
+            .collect()
+    }
+
     /// 设置工具定义白名单过滤器（子代理最小权限）。
     /// 设置后 `definitions()` 仅返回白名单中的工具。
     pub fn set_definition_filter(&mut self, allowed: Vec<String>) {
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/search_history.rs b/src/agent/tools/search_history.rs
index 97eb1ce..777bc83 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/search_history.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/search_history.rs
@@ -16,6 +16,14 @@ impl AgentTool for SearchHistoryTool {
         "search_history"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "检索历史"
+    }
+
+    fn is_internal(&self) -> bool {
+        true
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "搜索之前会话的历史记录，查找已研究过的主题、已发现的结论、已下载的文献。\
          使用此工具可以避免重复研究已经完成的工作。"
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/skill.rs b/src/agent/tools/skill.rs
index 51cad40..8b05946 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/skill.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/skill.rs
@@ -38,6 +38,14 @@ impl AgentTool for LoadSkillTool {
         "load_skill"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "加载技能"
+    }
+
+    fn is_internal(&self) -> bool {
+        true
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         // 注意：description() 返回 &str，但我们需要动态内容。
         // 实际使用 ToolRegistry 时，此方法的返回值作为 base description，
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/subagent.rs b/src/agent/tools/subagent.rs
index b4eaaf3..33c4287 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/subagent.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/subagent.rs
@@ -52,6 +52,10 @@ impl AgentTool for SubAgentTool {
         "subagent"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "运行子代理"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "将子任务委托给独立的子代理执行。子代理拥有完整工具访问权限（文献搜索、下载、RAG检索等），\
          但只有最终文本摘要会返回给父代理，中间工具调用不会污染父上下文。\
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/team.rs b/src/agent/tools/team.rs
index 5804c00..eeb3f53 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/team.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/team.rs
@@ -32,6 +32,10 @@ impl AgentTool for SpawnTeammateTool {
         "spawn_teammate"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "创建队友"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "启动一个队友 agent。队友拥有独立的上下文，可以并行执行文献搜索、论文下载等任务。\
          通过 send_teammate_message 向队友发送任务，通过 check_team_inbox 检查结果。\
@@ -111,6 +115,10 @@ impl AgentTool for SendTeammateMessageTool {
         "send_teammate_message"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "发送团队消息"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "向指定队友发送消息（任务分配、问题等）。消息会投递到队友的收件箱，\
          队友在处理循环中自动读取。"
@@ -184,6 +192,10 @@ impl AgentTool for TeamBroadcastTool {
         "team_broadcast"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "团队广播"
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "向所有队友广播消息。适用于状态同步、全局指令等。"
     }
@@ -244,6 +256,10 @@ impl AgentTool for CheckTeamInboxTool {
         "check_team_inbox"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "检查团队收件箱"
+    }
+
     fn is_readonly(&self) -> bool {
         true
     }
diff --git a/src/agent/tools/todo.rs b/src/agent/tools/todo.rs
index 1fb3c2d..da9d279 100644
--- a/src/agent/tools/todo.rs
+++ b/src/agent/tools/todo.rs
@@ -21,6 +21,14 @@ impl AgentTool for TodoWriteTool {
         "todo_write"
     }
 
+    fn display_name(&self) -> &str {
+        "任务管理"
+    }
+
+    fn is_internal(&self) -> bool {
+        true
+    }
+
     fn description(&self) -> &str {
         "任务规划工具。在开始复杂研究前列出待办事项，执行中标记进度（每项状态：pending/in_progress/completed）。\
          一次只能有一个 in_progress 任务。支持任务依赖（blockedBy：依赖的其他任务ID列表）。\
@@ -256,58 +264,68 @@ mod tests {
             db: pool,
             dict,
             qiniu,
-            ads,
-            arxiv,
-            vizier,
-            lamost: crate::clients::lamost::LamostClient::new("https://www.lamost.org", 60)
-                .unwrap(),
-            gaia: crate::clients::gaia::GaiaClient::new(
-                "https://gea.esac.esa.int/tap-server/tap",
-                "https://gea.esac.esa.int/data-server",
-                90,
-            )
-            .unwrap(),
-            sdss: crate::clients::sdss::SdssClient::new("https://datalab.noirlab.edu/tap/sync", 90)
-                .unwrap(),
-            desi: crate::clients::desi::DesiClient::new(
-                "https://datalab.noirlab.edu/tap/sync",
-                120,
-            )
-            .unwrap(),
-            irsa: crate::clients::irsa::IrsaClient::new("https://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu", 60)
-                .unwrap(),
-            mast: crate::clients::mast::MastClient::new("https://mast.stsci.edu", 90).unwrap(),
-            observation_registry: std::sync::Arc::new(
-                crate::services::observation::ObservationRegistry::default(),
-            ),
-            llm,
-            medium_llm,
-            fast_llm,
-            vision_llm: None,
-            embedding,
             downloader,
             http_client: reqwest::Client::new(),
             harvest_status: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(MetaSyncStatus::default())),
             batch_status: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(AssetBatchStatus::default())),
             active_bibcode: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(None)),
-            cancelled_runs: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
             skill_registry: Arc::new(tokio::sync::RwLock::new(
                 crate::agent::skills::SkillRegistry::new(PathBuf::from("/tmp/test_skills")),
             )),
-            pending_questions: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(std::collections::HashMap::new())),
-            pending_permissions: Arc::new(
-                tokio::sync::Mutex::new(std::collections::HashMap::new()),
-            ),
-            session_permission_checkers: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
             sse_broadcast: None,
             memory_manager: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(
                 crate::agent::memory::MemoryManager::new(PathBuf::from("/tmp/test_memory")),
             )),
-            sessions: Arc::new(tokio::sync::RwLock::new(std::collections::HashMap::new())),
-            login_rate_limiter: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(std::collections::HashMap::new())),
-            upload_rate_limiter: Arc::new(
-                tokio::sync::Mutex::new(std::collections::HashMap::new()),
-            ),
+            login_rate_limiter: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
+            upload_rate_limiter: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
+            llm: crate::api::LlmState {
+                primary: llm,
+                medium: medium_llm,
+                fast: fast_llm,
+                vision: None,
+                embedding,
+            },
+            sources: crate::api::DataSourceState {
+                ads,
+                arxiv,
+                vizier,
+                lamost: crate::clients::lamost::LamostClient::new("https://www.lamost.org", 60)
+                    .unwrap(),
+                gaia: crate::clients::gaia::GaiaClient::new(
+                    "https://gea.esac.esa.int/tap-server/tap",
+                    "https://gea.esac.esa.int/data-server",
+                    90,
+                )
+                .unwrap(),
+                sdss: crate::clients::sdss::SdssClient::new(
+                    "https://datalab.noirlab.edu/tap/sync",
+                    90,
+                )
+                .unwrap(),
+                desi: crate::clients::desi::DesiClient::new(
+                    "https://datalab.noirlab.edu/tap/sync",
+                    120,
+                )
+                .unwrap(),
+                irsa: crate::clients::irsa::IrsaClient::new("https://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu", 60)
+                    .unwrap(),
+                mast: crate::clients::mast::MastClient::new("https://mast.stsci.edu", 90).unwrap(),
+                observation_registry: std::sync::Arc::new(
+                    crate::services::observation::ObservationRegistry::default(),
+                ),
+            },
+            session: crate::api::SessionState {
+                sessions: Arc::new(tokio::sync::RwLock::new(std::collections::HashMap::new())),
+                session_last_active: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
+                cancelled_runs: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
+                session_permission_checkers: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
+                pending_questions: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(
+                    std::collections::HashMap::new(),
+                )),
+                pending_permissions: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(
+                    std::collections::HashMap::new(),
+                )),
+            },
         });
 
         ToolContext {
diff --git a/src/api/agent.rs b/src/api/agent.rs
index 042308a..fd02a83 100644
--- a/src/api/agent.rs
+++ b/src/api/agent.rs
@@ -80,13 +80,44 @@ pub async fn get_agent_modes() -> Json<Vec<AgentModeDto>> {
     Json(modes)
 }
 
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+pub struct AgentToolDto {
+    pub name: String,
+    pub display_name: String,
+    pub is_internal: bool,
+}
+
+// ── GET /api/chat/tools ──
+// 获取系统注册的工具元数据列表
+pub async fn get_agent_tools(State(state): State<Arc<AppState>>) -> Json<Vec<AgentToolDto>> {
+    use crate::agent::tools::ToolRegistry;
+    let skill_registry = state.skill_registry.clone();
+    let registry = ToolRegistry::new(skill_registry);
+    let tools = registry
+        .list()
+        .iter()
+        .map(|t| AgentToolDto {
+            name: t.name().to_string(),
+            display_name: t.display_name().to_string(),
+            is_internal: t.is_internal(),
+        })
+        .collect();
+    Json(tools)
+}
+
 pub async fn chat_agent(
     State(state): State<Arc<AppState>>,
     Json(req): Json<AgentChatRequest>,
 ) -> ApiResult<Sse<impl Stream<Item = Result<Event, Infallible>>>> {
+    // 截断日志中的问题内容，避免打印敏感信息
+    let question_preview = if req.question.len() > 50 {
+        format!("{}...", &req.question[..50])
+    } else {
+        req.question.clone()
+    };
     info!(
         "接收到智能体对话请求: question='{}', session_id={:?}, has_image={}",
-        req.question,
+        question_preview,
         req.session_id,
         req.image.is_some()
     );
@@ -97,7 +128,7 @@ pub async fn chat_agent(
         Some(ref img) => {
             // 如果带有 path 字段（重试场景），复用已有文件，不重新保存
             let relative_path: String = if let Some(ref existing_path) = img.path {
-                let full = state.config.library_dir.join(existing_path);
+                let full = state.config.storage.library_dir.join(existing_path);
                 if full.exists() {
                     info!("重试复用已有图片: {}", existing_path);
                     existing_path.clone()
@@ -117,7 +148,7 @@ pub async fn chat_agent(
                         img.mime_type
                     )));
                 }
-                if state.vision_llm.is_none() {
+                if state.llm.vision.is_none() {
                     return Err(AppError::bad_request(
                         "图片分析功能未启用。请配置 LLM_VISION_MODEL 环境变量后重试。",
                     ));
@@ -125,6 +156,7 @@ pub async fn chat_agent(
                 let ext = img.mime_type.strip_prefix("image/").unwrap_or("png");
                 let upload_dir = state
                     .config
+                    .storage
                     .library_dir
                     .join(".agent")
                     .join("images")
@@ -142,7 +174,7 @@ pub async fn chat_agent(
                     .await
                     .map_err(|e| AppError::internal(format!("保存图片失败: {}", e)))?;
                 let rel = filepath
-                    .strip_prefix(&state.config.library_dir)
+                    .strip_prefix(&state.config.storage.library_dir)
                     .unwrap_or(&filepath)
                     .display()
                     .to_string();
@@ -171,7 +203,7 @@ pub async fn chat_agent(
     let session_id = req.session_id.clone();
 
     // 在后台 tokio 任务中执行 Agent 循环
-    tokio::spawn(async move {
+    let agent_handle = tokio::spawn(async move {
         match runtime
             .run_turn_with_image_context(
                 session_id,
@@ -197,11 +229,17 @@ pub async fn chat_agent(
 
     // 将 mpsc 通道转换为 SSE 事件流（带 10 分钟超时）
     const SSE_TIMEOUT_SECS: u64 = 600;
+    let cancelled_runs = state.session.cancelled_runs.clone();
     let stream = async_stream::stream! {
         let deadline = tokio::time::Instant::now() + std::time::Duration::from_secs(SSE_TIMEOUT_SECS);
         loop {
             let remaining = deadline.saturating_duration_since(tokio::time::Instant::now());
             if remaining.is_zero() {
+                // 超时：通知 CancellationHook 停止 Agent，并中止后台任务
+                if let Some(sid) = &req.session_id {
+                    cancelled_runs.insert(sid.clone(), ());
+                }
+                agent_handle.abort();
                 let timeout_event = AgentStreamEvent::Error {
                     message: "Agent 执行超时（10 分钟），请重试。".to_string(),
                 };
@@ -220,6 +258,11 @@ pub async fn chat_agent(
                 }
                 Ok(None) => break, // channel closed
                 Err(_) => {
+                    // 超时：通知 CancellationHook 停止 Agent，并中止后台任务
+                    if let Some(sid) = &req.session_id {
+                        cancelled_runs.insert(sid.clone(), ());
+                    }
+                    agent_handle.abort();
                     let timeout_event = AgentStreamEvent::Error {
                         message: "Agent 执行超时（10 分钟），请重试。".to_string(),
                     };
@@ -247,8 +290,8 @@ pub async fn list_sessions(
     State(state): State<Arc<AppState>>,
     Query(params): Query<SessionListParams>,
 ) -> ApiResult<Json<Vec<crate::services::session::SessionSummary>>> {
-    let limit = params.limit.unwrap_or(50);
-    let offset = params.offset.unwrap_or(0);
+    let limit = params.limit.unwrap_or(50).clamp(1, 200);
+    let offset = params.offset.unwrap_or(0).max(0);
 
     let sessions = crate::services::session::list_sessions_service(&state.db, limit, offset)
         .await
@@ -299,7 +342,7 @@ pub async fn stop_agent(
     State(state): State<Arc<AppState>>,
     Path(session_id): Path<String>,
 ) -> ApiResult<Json<serde_json::Value>> {
-    state.cancelled_runs.insert(session_id.clone(), ());
+    state.session.cancelled_runs.insert(session_id.clone(), ());
     info!("已接收并记录手动中止请求，会话 ID: {}", session_id);
     Ok(Json(
         serde_json::json!({ "status": "stopping", "session_id": session_id }),
@@ -349,7 +392,7 @@ pub async fn answer_question(
 ) -> ApiResult<Json<serde_json::Value>> {
     use crate::agent::tools::ask_user::UserAnswer;
 
-    let mut pending = state.pending_questions.lock().await;
+    let mut pending = state.session.pending_questions.lock().await;
     let question_id = req.question_id.clone();
 
     match pending.remove(&question_id) {
@@ -379,10 +422,15 @@ pub async fn answer_question(
 // ── GET /api/chat/pending_questions ──
 // 获取当前待回答的问题（前端轮询或初始化）
 
+/// 待回答问题的 TTL（10 分钟），超过此时间自动清理
+const PENDING_TTL_SECS: u64 = 600;
+
 pub async fn get_pending_questions(
     State(state): State<Arc<AppState>>,
 ) -> Json<Vec<serde_json::Value>> {
-    let pending = state.pending_questions.lock().await;
+    let mut pending = state.session.pending_questions.lock().await;
+    // 清理过期条目（agent 崩溃后不会被 answer_question 清理）
+    pending.retain(|_, pq| pq.created_at.elapsed().as_secs() < PENDING_TTL_SECS);
     let questions: Vec<serde_json::Value> = pending
         .iter()
         .map(|(id, pq)| {
@@ -401,7 +449,7 @@ pub async fn respond_permission(
     Path(session_id): Path<String>,
     Json(req): Json<super::PermissionResponse>,
 ) -> ApiResult<Json<serde_json::Value>> {
-    let mut perms = state.pending_permissions.lock().await;
+    let mut perms = state.session.pending_permissions.lock().await;
 
     // 按 tool_call_id 查找匹配的权限请求
     let perm_id = perms
@@ -440,7 +488,9 @@ pub async fn respond_permission(
 pub async fn get_pending_permissions(
     State(state): State<Arc<AppState>>,
 ) -> Json<Vec<serde_json::Value>> {
-    let perms = state.pending_permissions.lock().await;
+    let mut perms = state.session.pending_permissions.lock().await;
+    // 清理过期条目（agent 崩溃后不会被 respond_permission 清理）
+    perms.retain(|_, p| p.created_at.elapsed().as_secs() < PENDING_TTL_SECS);
     let result: Vec<serde_json::Value> = perms
         .iter()
         .map(|(id, p)| {
diff --git a/src/api/auth.rs b/src/api/auth.rs
index 13d8d8c..32f8821 100644
--- a/src/api/auth.rs
+++ b/src/api/auth.rs
@@ -83,13 +83,14 @@ fn prune_expired_sessions(
 ) {
     let now = chrono::Utc::now();
     let expiry_duration = chrono::Duration::hours(24);
+    let expiry_std = expiry_duration
+        .to_std()
+        .unwrap_or(std::time::Duration::from_secs(86400));
     sessions.retain(|_, last_active| {
-        if let Ok(dur) = now.signed_duration_since(*last_active).to_std() {
-            dur < expiry_duration
-                .to_std()
-                .unwrap_or(std::time::Duration::from_secs(86400))
-        } else {
-            true // 尚未到达或时钟回拨，保留
+        // 时钟回拨或异常：无法计算时间差时保留会话，避免误删
+        match now.signed_duration_since(*last_active).to_std() {
+            Ok(dur) => dur < expiry_std,
+            Err(_) => true,
         }
     });
 }
@@ -104,7 +105,13 @@ fn get_bookmarklet_api_key(password: &str) -> String {
 }
 
 /// 最大会话数上限，超过后拒绝新登录以防止内存耗尽
-const MAX_SESSIONS: usize = 1000;
+const MAX_SESSIONS: usize = 10000;
+
+/// 过期会话清理间隔（秒）。避免每个请求都触发全表扫描。
+const PRUNE_INTERVAL_SECS: u64 = 300;
+
+/// 上次执行 prune_expired_sessions 的 Unix 时间戳（秒），用 AtomicU64 实现无锁读取。
+static LAST_PRUNE_TS: std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64 = std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64::new(0);
 
 // 登录接口：验证密码成功后，写入 HttpOnly Cookie
 pub async fn login(
@@ -121,15 +128,17 @@ pub async fn login(
     const WINDOW_SECS: u64 = 300;
     const MAX_RATE_LIMITER_ENTRIES: usize = 10000;
     {
-        let mut limiter = state.login_rate_limiter.lock().await;
         // 批量清理过期条目，防止内存无限增长
-        limiter.retain(|_, (_, first_fail)| first_fail.elapsed().as_secs() < WINDOW_SECS);
-        // 容量保护：超过上限时直接清空（比 O(n log n) 排序更高效，且不影响安全性）
-        if limiter.len() > MAX_RATE_LIMITER_ENTRIES {
-            limiter.clear();
+        state
+            .login_rate_limiter
+            .retain(|_, (_, first_fail)| first_fail.elapsed().as_secs() < WINDOW_SECS);
+        // 容量保护：超过上限时直接清空
+        if state.login_rate_limiter.len() > MAX_RATE_LIMITER_ENTRIES {
+            state.login_rate_limiter.clear();
         }
 
-        if let Some((count, first_fail)) = limiter.get(&client_ip) {
+        if let Some(entry) = state.login_rate_limiter.get(&client_ip) {
+            let (count, first_fail) = entry.value();
             let elapsed = first_fail.elapsed().as_secs();
             if elapsed < WINDOW_SECS && *count >= MAX_FAILURES {
                 let remaining = WINDOW_SECS - elapsed;
@@ -149,13 +158,13 @@ pub async fn login(
     }
     if verify_password(&password, &state.config.admin_password) {
         // 成功：清除该 IP 的失败记录
-        state.login_rate_limiter.lock().await.remove(&client_ip);
+        state.login_rate_limiter.remove(&client_ip);
 
         let token = uuid::Uuid::new_v4().to_string();
 
         // 异常安全地记录活跃会话及其当前时间
         {
-            let mut sessions = state.sessions.write().await;
+            let mut sessions = state.session.sessions.write().await;
             // 先清理过期会话
             prune_expired_sessions(&mut sessions);
             // 检查会话上限
@@ -167,6 +176,16 @@ pub async fn login(
             }
             sessions.insert(token.clone(), chrono::Utc::now());
         }
+        // 同步写入无锁快照供 auth 中间件高频读取
+        state.session.session_last_active.insert(
+            token.clone(),
+            std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64::new(
+                std::time::SystemTime::now()
+                    .duration_since(std::time::UNIX_EPOCH)
+                    .unwrap_or_default()
+                    .as_secs(),
+            ),
+        );
 
         // 构建 Set-Cookie 报头
         // 全局统一使用 SameSite=Lax 且不带 Secure，以完美支持 HTTP、HTTPS 以及局域网 IP 访问
@@ -190,11 +209,11 @@ pub async fn login(
         ))
     } else {
         // 失败：记录该 IP 的失败次数
-        let mut limiter = state.login_rate_limiter.lock().await;
-        let entry = limiter
+        state
+            .login_rate_limiter
             .entry(client_ip)
-            .or_insert((0, std::time::Instant::now()));
-        entry.0 += 1;
+            .and_modify(|entry| entry.0 += 1)
+            .or_insert((1, std::time::Instant::now()));
         Err(AppError::unauthorized("密码错误"))
     }
 }
@@ -207,7 +226,8 @@ pub async fn logout(
     let token_to_remove = extract_auth_token_from_headers(req.headers());
 
     if let Some(ref token) = token_to_remove {
-        state.sessions.write().await.remove(token);
+        state.session.sessions.write().await.remove(token);
+        state.session.session_last_active.remove(token);
     }
 
     // 通过 Max-Age=0 清除浏览器端的 Cookie
@@ -239,39 +259,32 @@ pub async fn auth_middleware(
     let mut is_valid = false;
     if let Some(ref tok) = token {
         // 1. 优先校验内存中的动态 Session
-        // 先用读锁快速检查会话是否存在，并获取其最后活跃时间
-        let mut last_active_opt = None;
-        {
-            let sessions = state.sessions.read().await;
-            if let Some(last_active) = sessions.get(tok) {
-                is_valid = true;
-                last_active_opt = Some(*last_active);
+        // 快速路径：用 AtomicU64 无锁检查 last_active，避免每次请求获取写锁
+        if let Some(entry) = state.session.session_last_active.get(tok) {
+            is_valid = true;
+            let now_ts = std::time::SystemTime::now()
+                .duration_since(std::time::UNIX_EPOCH)
+                .unwrap_or_default()
+                .as_secs();
+            let last_ts = entry.value().load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);
+            // 仅当超过 5 分钟未更新时才获取写锁
+            if now_ts.saturating_sub(last_ts) > 300 {
+                entry
+                    .value()
+                    .store(now_ts, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);
+                // 按间隔执行过期会话清理
+                let last_prune = LAST_PRUNE_TS.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);
+                if now_ts.saturating_sub(last_prune) >= PRUNE_INTERVAL_SECS {
+                    LAST_PRUNE_TS.store(now_ts, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);
+                    let mut sessions = state.session.sessions.write().await;
+                    prune_expired_sessions(&mut sessions);
+                }
             }
-        }
-
-        // 会话存在时，如果最后活跃时间超过 60 秒，则获取写锁更新最后活跃时间 + 过期清理
-        if is_valid {
-            let needs_update = match last_active_opt {
-                Some(last_active) => {
-                    if let Ok(dur) = chrono::Utc::now()
-                        .signed_duration_since(last_active)
-                        .to_std()
-                    {
-                        dur.as_secs() > 60
-                    } else {
-                        true // 时钟回拨等异常情况，强制更新
-                    }
-                }
-                None => true,
-            };
-
-            if needs_update {
-                let mut sessions = state.sessions.write().await;
-                // 顺便执行过期会话自动清理垃圾收集
-                prune_expired_sessions(&mut sessions);
-                if let Some(last_active) = sessions.get_mut(tok) {
-                    *last_active = chrono::Utc::now();
-                }
+        } else {
+            // Atomic map 中不存在，降级检查 RwLock sessions（兼容登录时序）
+            let sessions = state.session.sessions.read().await;
+            if sessions.contains_key(tok) {
+                is_valid = true;
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/src/api/catalog.rs b/src/api/catalog.rs
index 0961688..bfa2a17 100644
--- a/src/api/catalog.rs
+++ b/src/api/catalog.rs
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ pub async fn vizier_query(
     let max_records = clamp_max(params.max_records);
     let result = crate::services::cds::vizier::query_adql_cached(
         &state.db,
-        &state.vizier,
+        &state.sources.vizier,
         &params.adql,
         max_records,
     )
@@ -100,22 +100,12 @@ pub async fn vizier_table(
 
     let result = crate::services::cds::vizier::query_table(
         &state.db,
-        &state.vizier,
+        &state.sources.vizier,
         &params.table,
         &columns,
         limit,
     )
-    .await
-    .map_err(|e| {
-        tracing::error!("VizieR 表查询失败: {}", e);
-        // 标识符非法 → bad_request
-        let msg = e.to_string();
-        if msg.contains("非法字符") || msg.contains("不能为空") {
-            AppError::bad_request(msg)
-        } else {
-            AppError::internal(format!("VizieR 表查询失败: {}", msg))
-        }
-    })?;
+    .await?;
     Ok(Json(result))
 }
 
@@ -130,7 +120,7 @@ pub async fn cone_search(
 
     let result = crate::services::cds::vizier::cone_search(
         &state.db,
-        &state.vizier,
+        &state.sources.vizier,
         params.ra,
         params.dec,
         radius,
@@ -138,15 +128,6 @@ pub async fn cone_search(
         max_records,
         nearest,
     )
-    .await
-    .map_err(|e| {
-        tracing::error!("Cone Search 失败: {}", e);
-        let msg = e.to_string();
-        if msg.contains("半径") || msg.contains("坐标") || msg.contains("非法字符") {
-            AppError::bad_request(msg)
-        } else {
-            AppError::internal(format!("Cone Search 失败: {}", msg))
-        }
-    })?;
+    .await?;
     Ok(Json(result))
 }
diff --git a/src/api/error.rs b/src/api/error.rs
index 7c99b32..183cfd5 100644
--- a/src/api/error.rs
+++ b/src/api/error.rs
@@ -36,6 +36,10 @@ pub enum AppError {
     #[error("{0}")]
     Gone(String),
 
+    /// 外部服务错误（HTTP 502 Bad Gateway）。
+    #[error("{0}")]
+    BadGateway(String),
+
     /// 内部错误：对外只返回通用提示，详细信息仅写入日志。
     #[error("{0}")]
     Internal(String),
@@ -62,6 +66,10 @@ impl AppError {
         AppError::Gone(msg.into())
     }
 
+    pub fn bad_gateway(msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
+        AppError::BadGateway(msg.into())
+    }
+
     pub fn internal(msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
         AppError::Internal(msg.into())
     }
@@ -74,6 +82,7 @@ impl AppError {
             AppError::Unauthorized(_) => StatusCode::UNAUTHORIZED,
             AppError::Conflict(_) => StatusCode::CONFLICT,
             AppError::Gone(_) => StatusCode::GONE,
+            AppError::BadGateway(_) => StatusCode::BAD_GATEWAY,
             AppError::Internal(_) => StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
         }
     }
@@ -88,6 +97,7 @@ impl AppError {
             AppError::Unauthorized(m) => m.clone(),
             AppError::Conflict(m) => m.clone(),
             AppError::Gone(m) => m.clone(),
+            AppError::BadGateway(m) => m.clone(),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -104,6 +114,20 @@ impl IntoResponse for AppError {
     }
 }
 
+/// 从 ServiceError 构造 AppError，消除 handler 中的 msg.contains() 匹配。
+impl From<crate::services::error::ServiceError> for AppError {
+    fn from(e: crate::services::error::ServiceError) -> Self {
+        use crate::services::error::ServiceError;
+        match e {
+            ServiceError::NotFound(m) => AppError::NotFound(m),
+            ServiceError::NotReady(m) => AppError::bad_request(m),
+            ServiceError::InvalidInput(m) => AppError::bad_request(m),
+            ServiceError::External(m) => AppError::BadGateway(m),
+            ServiceError::Other(e) => AppError::Internal(e.to_string()),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// 便捷转换：从 anyhow::Error 构造内部错误。
 impl From<anyhow::Error> for AppError {
     fn from(e: anyhow::Error) -> Self {
@@ -147,6 +171,10 @@ mod tests {
             AppError::internal("x").status_code(),
             StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR
         );
+        assert_eq!(
+            AppError::bad_gateway("x").status_code(),
+            StatusCode::BAD_GATEWAY
+        );
     }
 
     #[test]
diff --git a/src/api/mod.rs b/src/api/mod.rs
index 23b9a13..f670ce4 100644
--- a/src/api/mod.rs
+++ b/src/api/mod.rs
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ pub enum AppEvent {
 pub struct PendingQuestion {
     pub question_json: String,
     pub answer_tx: oneshot::Sender<crate::agent::tools::ask_user::UserAnswer>,
+    pub created_at: std::time::Instant,
 }
 
 /// 用户对权限请求的响应
@@ -51,6 +52,41 @@ pub struct PendingPermission {
     pub message: String,
     pub arguments: serde_json::Value,
     pub response_tx: oneshot::Sender<PermissionResponse>,
+    pub created_at: std::time::Instant,
+}
+
+// ── LLM 客户端子结构 ──
+pub struct LlmState {
+    pub primary: LlmClient,
+    pub medium: LlmClient,
+    pub fast: LlmClient,
+    pub vision: Option<LlmClient>,
+    pub embedding: EmbeddingClient,
+}
+
+// ── 天文数据源客户端子结构 ──
+pub struct DataSourceState {
+    pub ads: AdsClient,
+    pub arxiv: ArxivClient,
+    pub vizier: VizierClient,
+    pub lamost: LamostClient,
+    pub gaia: GaiaClient,
+    pub sdss: SdssClient,
+    pub desi: DesiClient,
+    pub irsa: crate::clients::irsa::IrsaClient,
+    pub mast: crate::clients::mast::MastClient,
+    pub observation_registry: Arc<crate::services::observation::ObservationRegistry>,
+}
+
+// ── 会话与认证子结构 ──
+pub struct SessionState {
+    pub sessions: Arc<RwLock<std::collections::HashMap<String, chrono::DateTime<chrono::Utc>>>>,
+    pub session_last_active: Arc<dashmap::DashMap<String, std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64>>,
+    pub cancelled_runs: Arc<dashmap::DashMap<String, ()>>,
+    pub session_permission_checkers:
+        Arc<dashmap::DashMap<String, crate::agent::runtime::permission::PermissionChecker>>,
+    pub pending_questions: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<String, PendingQuestion>>>,
+    pub pending_permissions: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<String, PendingPermission>>>,
 }
 
 // 全局共享的 Axum 应用上下文状态
@@ -59,57 +95,20 @@ pub struct AppState {
     pub db: SqlitePool,
     pub dict: Dictionary,
     pub qiniu: QiniuClient,
-    pub ads: AdsClient,
-    pub arxiv: ArxivClient,
-    /// VizieR TAP 星表查询客户端（CDS VizieR TAP 服务）
-    pub vizier: VizierClient,
-    /// LAMOST 观测数据客户端（ConeSearch + FITS.gz 下载，服务光谱/光变等产品）
-    pub lamost: LamostClient,
-    /// Gaia 观测数据客户端（TAP + DataLink，服务光谱/光变等产品）
-    pub gaia: GaiaClient,
-    /// SDSS 观测数据客户端（Data Lab TAP + SAS，服务光谱/APOGEE 等产品）
-    pub sdss: SdssClient,
-    /// DESI 观测数据客户端（Data Lab TAP + HEALPix coadd SAS，服务光谱等产品）
-    pub desi: DesiClient,
-    /// IRSA/IPAC 客户端（ZTF 光变曲线 REST API）
-    pub irsa: crate::clients::irsa::IrsaClient,
-    /// MAST 客户端（TESS 光变曲线 + TIC 星表）
-    pub mast: crate::clients::mast::MastClient,
-    /// 观测数据 fetcher 注册表（跨源 × 跨产品类型的统一获取入口）
-    pub observation_registry: Arc<crate::services::observation::ObservationRegistry>,
-    pub llm: LlmClient,
-    pub medium_llm: LlmClient,
-    pub fast_llm: LlmClient,
-    /// 专用视觉模型（LLM_VISION_MODEL 配置时启用图片分析工具）
-    pub vision_llm: Option<LlmClient>,
-    pub embedding: EmbeddingClient,
     pub downloader: Downloader,
-    /// 共享 HTTP 客户端（带超时），避免每次请求新建连接池
     pub http_client: reqwest::Client,
+    pub skill_registry: Arc<RwLock<SkillRegistry>>,
+    pub sse_broadcast: Option<broadcast::Sender<AppEvent>>,
+    pub memory_manager: Arc<tokio::sync::Mutex<MemoryManager>>,
     pub harvest_status: Arc<tokio::sync::Mutex<crate::services::batch::MetaSyncStatus>>,
     pub batch_status: Arc<tokio::sync::Mutex<crate::services::batch::AssetBatchStatus>>,
     pub active_bibcode: Arc<tokio::sync::Mutex<Option<String>>>,
-    pub cancelled_runs: Arc<dashmap::DashMap<String, ()>>,
-    pub skill_registry: Arc<RwLock<SkillRegistry>>,
-    /// ask_user 工具 — 待回答的问题
-    pub pending_questions: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<String, PendingQuestion>>>,
-    /// 权限检查 — 待处理的权限确认请求
-    pub pending_permissions: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<String, PendingPermission>>>,
-    /// 会话级权限检查器注册表（按 session_id 隔离，支持 API 动态添加/移除规则）
-    pub session_permission_checkers:
-        Arc<dashmap::DashMap<String, crate::agent::runtime::permission::PermissionChecker>>,
-    /// SSE 广播通道（agent 运行时向所有连接的客户端推送事件）
-    pub sse_broadcast: Option<broadcast::Sender<AppEvent>>,
-    /// 项目记忆管理器（跨会话持久化）
-    pub memory_manager: Arc<tokio::sync::Mutex<MemoryManager>>,
-    /// 活跃的登录会话 Token 及其最后活跃时间（单用户内存管理）
-    pub sessions: Arc<RwLock<std::collections::HashMap<String, chrono::DateTime<chrono::Utc>>>>,
-    /// 登录速率限制器（IP -> 最近失败次数 + 首次失败时间）
-    pub login_rate_limiter:
-        Arc<Mutex<std::collections::HashMap<String, (u32, std::time::Instant)>>>,
-    /// 上传速率限制器（token -> 最近上传次数 + 首次上传时间）
-    pub upload_rate_limiter:
-        Arc<Mutex<std::collections::HashMap<String, (u32, std::time::Instant)>>>,
+    pub login_rate_limiter: Arc<dashmap::DashMap<String, (u32, std::time::Instant)>>,
+    pub upload_rate_limiter: Arc<dashmap::DashMap<String, (u32, std::time::Instant)>>,
+    // 子结构
+    pub llm: LlmState,
+    pub sources: DataSourceState,
+    pub session: SessionState,
 }
 
 // 统一标准化的文献格式，用于向前端传输
@@ -126,60 +125,3 @@ pub mod permissions;
 pub mod search;
 pub mod sync;
 pub mod targets;
-
-// 提供兼容的 handlers 命名空间，避免修改 main.rs 里的导入
-pub mod handlers {
-    pub use super::agent::{
-        answer_question, branch_session, chat_agent, delete_session, get_agent_metrics,
-        get_agent_modes, get_pending_permissions, get_pending_questions, get_session,
-        get_session_audit, list_sessions, respond_permission, restore_rewound_session,
-        retry_session, rewind_session, stop_agent, AgentChatRequest, BranchResponse,
-        RestoreResponse, RetryResponse, RewindRequest, RewindResponse, SessionListParams,
-    };
-    pub use super::auth::{check_auth, login, logout};
-    pub use super::catalog::{
-        cone_search, vizier_query, vizier_table, ConeSearchParams, VizierQueryParams,
-        VizierTableParams,
-    };
-    pub use super::notes::{
-        create_note, delete_note, get_notes, CreateNoteRequest, DeleteNoteParams, GetNotesParams,
-        NoteRecord,
-    };
-    pub use super::observation::{
-        observation_capabilities, observation_download, observation_list, observation_preview,
-        observation_search, unified_resolve, unified_search, DownloadMode,
-        ObservationDownloadRequest, ObservationListParams, ObservationListResponse,
-        ObservationPreviewParams, ObservationSearchParams,
-    };
-    pub use super::papers::{
-        download_paper, embed_paper, export_citations, get_active_bibcode, get_citation_network,
-        get_library, get_paper_detail, mark_no_resource, parse_paper, search_papers,
-        set_active_bibcode, translate_paper, upload_paper_file, DownloadRequest, EmbedRequest,
-        EmbedResponse, ExportRequest, ExportResponse, MarkNoResourceRequest, PaperDetailResponse,
-        ParseRequest, ParseResponse, SearchParams, TranslateRequest, TranslateResponse,
-    };
-    pub use super::permissions::{
-        list_permission_rules, update_permission_mode, update_permission_rules,
-    };
-    pub use super::search::{search as search_history, SearchParams as SearchHistoryParams};
-    pub use super::sync::{
-        delete_sync_query, get_asset_batch_status, get_meta_sync_count, get_meta_sync_status,
-        get_sync_queries, run_asset_batch, run_meta_sync, stop_asset_batch, AssetBatchRunRequest,
-        MetaSyncCountRequest, MetaSyncCountResponse, MetaSyncRunRequest,
-    };
-    pub use super::targets::{
-        associate_target, extract_paper_targets, list_targets, query_target, AssociateResponse,
-        AssociateTargetRequest, ExtractTargetsRequest, ExtractTargetsResponse, TargetListParams,
-        TargetQueryParams,
-    };
-    pub use super::{AppState, StandardPaper};
-    pub use crate::services::batch::SavedSyncQuery;
-    pub use crate::services::paper::{
-        check_paper_paths_in_db, convert_ads_doc_to_standard, convert_arxiv_to_standard,
-        get_paper_from_db, save_paper_to_db, save_paper_to_db_tx,
-    };
-    pub use crate::services::session::{
-        AgentMetrics as AgentMetricsResponse, AuditLogEntry, MessageRecord, SessionDetail,
-        SessionSummary,
-    };
-}
diff --git a/src/api/observation.rs b/src/api/observation.rs
index fff91fc..bfa40c1 100644
--- a/src/api/observation.rs
+++ b/src/api/observation.rs
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ pub async fn observation_search(
 
     let candidates = crate::services::observation::search_observation(
         &state,
-        &state.observation_registry,
+        &state.sources.observation_registry,
         source,
         &product,
         params.ra,
@@ -83,22 +83,7 @@ pub async fn observation_search(
         params.release.as_deref(),
         params.version.as_deref(),
     )
-    .await
-    .map_err(|e| {
-        tracing::error!("观测数据检索失败: {}", e);
-        let msg = e.to_string();
-        if msg.contains("半径")
-            || msg.contains("坐标")
-            || msg.contains("格式")
-            || msg.contains("暂不支持")
-            || msg.contains("应为")
-            || msg.contains("不支持的")
-        {
-            AppError::bad_request(msg)
-        } else {
-            AppError::internal(format!("观测数据检索失败: {}", msg))
-        }
-    })?;
+    .await?;
     Ok(Json(candidates))
 }
 
@@ -182,23 +167,13 @@ pub async fn observation_download(
         }
     };
 
-    let result = download_observation(&state, &state.observation_registry, &request, req.force)
-        .await
-        .map_err(|e| {
-            tracing::error!("观测数据下载失败: {}", e);
-            let msg = e.to_string();
-            if msg.contains("半径")
-                || msg.contains("坐标")
-                || msg.contains("格式")
-                || msg.contains("暂不支持")
-                || msg.contains("应为")
-                || msg.contains("不支持的")
-            {
-                AppError::bad_request(msg)
-            } else {
-                AppError::internal(format!("观测数据下载失败: {}", msg))
-            }
-        })?;
+    let result = download_observation(
+        &state,
+        &state.sources.observation_registry,
+        &request,
+        req.force,
+    )
+    .await?;
     Ok(Json(result))
 }
 
@@ -209,7 +184,7 @@ pub async fn observation_download(
 pub async fn observation_capabilities(
     State(state): State<std::sync::Arc<AppState>>,
 ) -> ApiResult<Json<Vec<crate::services::observation::CapabilitySpec>>> {
-    let caps = state.observation_registry.list_capabilities();
+    let caps = state.sources.observation_registry.list_capabilities();
     Ok(Json(caps))
 }
 
@@ -291,17 +266,7 @@ pub async fn observation_preview(
         &params.source_id,
         params.artifact_index,
     )
-    .await
-    .map_err(|e| {
-        let msg = format!("{:#}", e);
-        // 缓存未找到 / 文件缺失 → 404；解析失败 → 500
-        if msg.contains("缓存中未找到") || msg.contains("不存在于磁盘") {
-            AppError::not_found(msg)
-        } else {
-            tracing::error!("FITS 预览解析失败: {}", msg);
-            AppError::internal(format!("FITS 预览解析失败: {}", msg))
-        }
-    })?;
+    .await?;
 
     Ok(Json(preview))
 }
@@ -319,20 +284,10 @@ pub async fn unified_search(
 ) -> ApiResult<Json<crate::services::observation::UnifiedSearchResult>> {
     let result = crate::services::observation::unified::unified_search(
         &state,
-        &state.observation_registry,
+        &state.sources.observation_registry,
         &req,
     )
-    .await
-    .map_err(|e| {
-        let msg = format!("{:#}", e);
-        tracing::error!("统一检索失败: {}", msg);
-        if msg.contains("不能为空") || msg.contains("暂不支持") || msg.contains("不支持的")
-        {
-            AppError::bad_request(msg)
-        } else {
-            AppError::internal(format!("统一检索失败: {}", msg))
-        }
-    })?;
+    .await?;
     Ok(Json(result))
 }
 
diff --git a/src/api/papers.rs b/src/api/papers.rs
index a3407b7..2c2b0df 100644
--- a/src/api/papers.rs
+++ b/src/api/papers.rs
@@ -35,8 +35,7 @@ pub async fn search_papers(
 
     let results =
         crate::services::search::search_papers(&state, &params.q, &source, start, rows, sort)
-            .await
-            .map_err(|e| AppError::internal(e.to_string()))?;
+            .await?;
 
     Ok(Json(results))
 }
@@ -61,9 +60,13 @@ pub async fn download_paper(
 
     let paper = state
         .downloader
-        .download_paper_service(&state.db, &state.config.library_dir, &req.bibcode, force)
-        .await
-        .map_err(|e| AppError::internal(e.to_string()))?;
+        .download_paper_service(
+            &state.db,
+            &state.config.storage.library_dir,
+            &req.bibcode,
+            force,
+        )
+        .await?;
 
     Ok(Json(paper))
 }
@@ -93,28 +96,13 @@ pub async fn parse_paper(
     let force = req.force.unwrap_or(false);
     let markdown = crate::services::parser::parse_paper_service(
         &state.db,
-        &state.config.library_dir,
+        &state.config.storage.library_dir,
         &state.qiniu,
         &state.config,
         &req.bibcode,
         force,
     )
-    .await
-    .map_err(|e| {
-        let msg = e.to_string();
-        if msg.contains("未注册")
-            || msg.contains("未找到")
-            || msg.contains("丢失")
-            || msg.contains("未在数据库中注册")
-        {
-            AppError::not_found("该文献未找到，请确认标识符是否正确")
-        } else if msg.contains("请先下载") {
-            AppError::bad_request("请先下载该文献后再尝试解析")
-        } else {
-            tracing::error!("文献解析内部错误: {}", msg);
-            AppError::internal(msg)
-        }
-    })?;
+    .await?;
 
     Ok(Json(ParseResponse { markdown }))
 }
@@ -144,24 +132,13 @@ pub async fn translate_paper(
 
     let translated_markdown = crate::services::translation::translate_paper_cached(
         &state.db,
-        &state.config.library_dir,
+        &state.config.storage.library_dir,
         &state.dict,
-        &state.medium_llm,
+        &state.llm.medium,
         &req.bibcode,
         force,
     )
-    .await
-    .map_err(|e| {
-        let err_msg = e.to_string();
-        if err_msg.contains("该文献未注册") || err_msg.contains("丢失") {
-            AppError::not_found("该文献未在本地库中找到")
-        } else if err_msg.contains("必须先完成解析") {
-            AppError::bad_request("请先完成文献解析后再翻译")
-        } else {
-            tracing::error!("文献翻译内部错误: {}", err_msg);
-            AppError::internal(err_msg)
-        }
-    })?;
+    .await?;
 
     Ok(Json(TranslateResponse {
         translation: translated_markdown,
@@ -175,23 +152,12 @@ pub async fn get_citation_network(
 ) -> ApiResult<Json<crate::services::citation::CitationNetworkResult>> {
     let res = crate::services::citation::get_citation_network_with_fallback(
         &state.db,
-        &state.config.library_dir,
+        &state.config.storage.library_dir,
         &state.config.ads_api_key,
-        &state.ads,
+        &state.sources.ads,
         &params.bibcode,
     )
-    .await
-    .map_err(|e| {
-        let msg = e.to_string();
-        if msg.contains("未找到该文献") {
-            AppError::not_found("未找到该文献的引用关系数据")
-        } else if msg.contains("未配置 ADS_API_KEY") {
-            AppError::bad_request("未配置 ADS_API_KEY，无法在线加载引用数据")
-        } else {
-            tracing::error!("引用网络查询内部错误: {}", msg);
-            AppError::internal(msg)
-        }
-    })?;
+    .await?;
 
     Ok(Json(res))
 }
@@ -209,9 +175,13 @@ pub async fn get_paper_detail(
     State(state): State<Arc<AppState>>,
     Query(params): Query<DownloadRequest>,
 ) -> ApiResult<Json<PaperDetailResponse>> {
-    let paper = get_paper_from_db(&state.db, &state.config.library_dir, &params.bibcode)
-        .await
-        .map_err(|e| AppError::not_found(format!("未找到该文献数据: {}", e)))?;
+    let paper = get_paper_from_db(
+        &state.db,
+        &state.config.storage.library_dir,
+        &params.bibcode,
+    )
+    .await
+    .map_err(|e| AppError::not_found(format!("未找到该文献数据: {}", e)))?;
 
     let mode = crate::services::paper::ReadMode::Full {
         include_translation: true,
@@ -219,7 +189,7 @@ pub async fn get_paper_detail(
 
     let (english_content, translation_content) = match crate::services::paper::read_paper_content(
         &state.db,
-        &state.config.library_dir,
+        &state.config.storage.library_dir,
         &params.bibcode,
         mode,
     )
@@ -248,10 +218,13 @@ pub async fn get_library(
     State(state): State<Arc<AppState>>,
     Query(params): Query<crate::services::paper::LibraryQueryParams>,
 ) -> ApiResult<Json<LibraryResponse>> {
-    let (list, total) =
-        crate::services::paper::get_library_list(&state.db, &state.config.library_dir, params)
-            .await
-            .map_err(|e| AppError::internal(format!("访问本地数据库失败: {}", e)))?;
+    let (list, total) = crate::services::paper::get_library_list(
+        &state.db,
+        &state.config.storage.library_dir,
+        params,
+    )
+    .await
+    .map_err(|e| AppError::internal(format!("访问本地数据库失败: {}", e)))?;
 
     Ok(Json(LibraryResponse { items: list, total }))
 }
@@ -279,6 +252,7 @@ pub async fn export_citations(
     }
 
     let bibtex = state
+        .sources
         .ads
         .export_bibtex(req.bibcodes)
         .await
@@ -296,10 +270,17 @@ pub async fn upload_paper_file(
     // 上传速率限制：全局每小时最多 50 次（单用户应用，按全局计数即可）
     const UPLOAD_MAX_PER_HOUR: u32 = 50;
     const UPLOAD_WINDOW_SECS: u64 = 3600;
+    const UPLOAD_MAX_RATE_LIMITER_ENTRIES: usize = 10000;
     {
-        let mut limiter = state.upload_rate_limiter.lock().await;
-        limiter.retain(|_, (_, first)| first.elapsed().as_secs() < UPLOAD_WINDOW_SECS);
-        let entry = limiter
+        // 批量清理过期条目
+        state
+            .upload_rate_limiter
+            .retain(|_, (_, first)| first.elapsed().as_secs() < UPLOAD_WINDOW_SECS);
+        if state.upload_rate_limiter.len() > UPLOAD_MAX_RATE_LIMITER_ENTRIES {
+            state.upload_rate_limiter.clear();
+        }
+        let mut entry = state
+            .upload_rate_limiter
             .entry("global".to_string())
             .or_insert((0, std::time::Instant::now()));
         if entry.0 >= UPLOAD_MAX_PER_HOUR {
@@ -357,24 +338,13 @@ pub async fn upload_paper_file(
 
     let updated_paper = crate::services::paper::upload_paper_file_service(
         &state.db,
-        &state.config.library_dir,
+        &state.config.storage.library_dir,
         &bibcode,
         &file_type,
         &file_name,
         &file_bytes,
     )
-    .await
-    .map_err(|e| {
-        let err_msg = e.to_string();
-        if err_msg.contains("未找到该文献记录") {
-            AppError::not_found("未找到该文献记录，请先在库中检索该文献")
-        } else if err_msg.contains("校验失败") || err_msg.contains("不是有效的 UTF-8") {
-            AppError::bad_request("上传文件校验失败，请确认文件格式正确")
-        } else {
-            tracing::error!("文件上传内部错误: {}", err_msg);
-            AppError::internal(err_msg)
-        }
-    })?;
+    .await?;
 
     Ok(Json(updated_paper))
 }
@@ -398,7 +368,7 @@ pub async fn mark_no_resource(
 
     let updated_paper = crate::services::paper::mark_no_resource_service(
         &state.db,
-        &state.config.library_dir,
+        &state.config.storage.library_dir,
         &req.bibcode,
         clear_flag,
     )
@@ -456,21 +426,11 @@ pub async fn embed_paper(
 
     let chunk_count = crate::services::rag::embed_paper_service(
         &state.db,
-        &state.config.library_dir,
+        &state.config.storage.library_dir,
         &req.bibcode,
-        &state.embedding,
+        &state.llm.embedding,
     )
-    .await
-    .map_err(|e| {
-        let err_msg = e.to_string();
-        if err_msg.contains("未注册") || err_msg.contains("未找到") {
-            AppError::not_found(err_msg)
-        } else if err_msg.contains("尚未解析") || err_msg.contains("未找到") {
-            AppError::bad_request(err_msg)
-        } else {
-            AppError::internal(err_msg)
-        }
-    })?;
+    .await?;
 
     Ok(Json(EmbedResponse { chunk_count }))
 }
diff --git a/src/api/permissions.rs b/src/api/permissions.rs
index 1f8e076..2dbaeb0 100644
--- a/src/api/permissions.rs
+++ b/src/api/permissions.rs
@@ -131,6 +131,7 @@ pub async fn update_permission_rules(
             };
 
             let mut entry = state
+                .session
                 .session_permission_checkers
                 .entry(session_id.clone())
                 .or_insert_with(PermissionChecker::new);
@@ -141,12 +142,15 @@ pub async fn update_permission_rules(
             })
         }
         "remove" => {
-            let removed =
-                if let Some(mut checker) = state.session_permission_checkers.get_mut(&session_id) {
-                    checker.remove_rule_dynamic(&req.rule, &req.kind)
-                } else {
-                    0
-                };
+            let removed = if let Some(mut checker) = state
+                .session
+                .session_permission_checkers
+                .get_mut(&session_id)
+            {
+                checker.remove_rule_dynamic(&req.rule, &req.kind)
+            } else {
+                0
+            };
             Json(PermissionActionResponse {
                 success: removed > 0,
                 message: if removed > 0 {
@@ -183,6 +187,7 @@ pub async fn update_permission_mode(
     );
 
     let mut checker = state
+        .session
         .session_permission_checkers
         .entry(session_id.clone())
         .or_insert_with(PermissionChecker::new);
@@ -198,7 +203,7 @@ pub async fn list_permission_rules(
     Path(session_id): Path<String>,
     State(state): State<Arc<AppState>>,
 ) -> Json<PermissionRulesResponse> {
-    if let Some(checker) = state.session_permission_checkers.get(&session_id) {
+    if let Some(checker) = state.session.session_permission_checkers.get(&session_id) {
         let mut deny_rules = Vec::new();
         let mut allow_rules = Vec::new();
         let mut ask_rules = Vec::new();
diff --git a/src/api/sync.rs b/src/api/sync.rs
index f679871..1c23931 100644
--- a/src/api/sync.rs
+++ b/src/api/sync.rs
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ pub async fn run_meta_sync(
 
     crate::services::batch::MetaSync::start_harvest(
         state.db.clone(),
-        Arc::new(state.ads.clone()),
-        Arc::new(state.arxiv.clone()),
+        Arc::new(state.sources.ads.clone()),
+        Arc::new(state.sources.arxiv.clone()),
         req.q,
         req.source,
         req.limit,
@@ -70,8 +70,8 @@ pub async fn get_meta_sync_count(
     let total = crate::services::batch::MetaSync::get_total_count(
         &req.q,
         &req.source,
-        &state.ads,
-        &state.arxiv,
+        &state.sources.ads,
+        &state.sources.arxiv,
     )
     .await
     .map_err(|e| AppError::internal(format!("获取预估文献数失败: {}", e)))?;
diff --git a/src/api/targets.rs b/src/api/targets.rs
index b8ff15d..481605e 100644
--- a/src/api/targets.rs
+++ b/src/api/targets.rs
@@ -110,22 +110,11 @@ pub async fn extract_paper_targets(
 
     let targets = crate::services::cds::target::extract_and_refresh_targets(
         &state.db,
-        &state.config.library_dir,
+        &state.config.storage.library_dir,
         &req.bibcode,
         &state.http_client,
     )
-    .await
-    .map_err(|e| {
-        let err_msg = e.to_string();
-        if err_msg.contains("该文献未注册") || err_msg.contains("未找到") {
-            AppError::not_found("未在本地库中找到该文献")
-        } else if err_msg.contains("尚未解析") {
-            AppError::bad_request("请先完成文献解析后再提取天体目标")
-        } else {
-            tracing::error!("天体目标提取内部错误: {}", err_msg);
-            AppError::internal(err_msg)
-        }
-    })?;
+    .await?;
 
     Ok(Json(ExtractTargetsResponse { targets }))
 }
diff --git a/src/bin/cli.rs b/src/bin/cli.rs
index 4e1ec6f..308a4a3 100644
--- a/src/bin/cli.rs
+++ b/src/bin/cli.rs
@@ -185,77 +185,11 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         db: pool.clone(),
         dict: astroresearch::services::translation::Dictionary::new(),
         qiniu: QiniuClient::new(
-            config.qiniu_ak.clone(),
-            config.qiniu_sk.clone(),
-            config.qiniu_bucket.clone(),
-            config.qiniu_domain.clone(),
+            config.storage.qiniu_ak.clone(),
+            config.storage.qiniu_sk.clone(),
+            config.storage.qiniu_bucket.clone(),
+            config.storage.qiniu_domain.clone(),
         ),
-        ads: AdsClient::new(config.ads_api_key.clone()).context("构建 ADS 客户端失败")?,
-        arxiv: ArxivClient::new().context("构建 arXiv 客户端失败")?,
-        vizier: astroresearch::clients::cds::vizier::VizierClient::new(
-            &config.vizier_tap_url,
-            config.vizier_timeout_secs,
-        )
-        .context("构建 VizieR 客户端失败")?,
-        lamost: astroresearch::clients::lamost::LamostClient::new(
-            &config.lamost_base_url,
-            config.lamost_timeout_secs,
-        )
-        .context("构建 LAMOST 客户端失败")?,
-        gaia: astroresearch::clients::gaia::GaiaClient::new(
-            &config.gaia_tap_url,
-            &config.gaia_datalink_url,
-            config.gaia_timeout_secs,
-        )
-        .context("构建 Gaia 客户端失败")?,
-        sdss: astroresearch::clients::sdss::SdssClient::new(
-            &config.sdss_tap_url,
-            config.sdss_timeout_secs,
-        )
-        .context("构建 SDSS 客户端失败")?,
-        desi: astroresearch::clients::desi::DesiClient::new(
-            &config.desi_tap_url,
-            config.desi_timeout_secs,
-        )
-        .context("构建 DESI 客户端失败")?,
-        irsa: astroresearch::clients::irsa::IrsaClient::new(
-            &config.ztf_base_url,
-            config.ztf_timeout_secs,
-        )
-        .context("构建 IRSA 客户端失败")?,
-        mast: astroresearch::clients::mast::MastClient::new(
-            &config.tess_base_url,
-            config.tess_timeout_secs,
-        )
-        .context("构建 MAST 客户端失败")?,
-        observation_registry: Arc::new(
-            astroresearch::services::observation::ObservationRegistry::default(),
-        ),
-        llm: LlmClient::new(
-            config.llm_api_key.clone(),
-            config.llm_api_base.clone(),
-            config.llm_model.clone(),
-        )
-        .context("构建 LLM 客户端失败")?,
-        medium_llm: LlmClient::new(
-            config.llm_medium_api_key.clone(),
-            config.llm_medium_api_base.clone(),
-            config.llm_medium_model.clone(),
-        )
-        .context("构建 Medium LLM 客户端失败")?,
-        fast_llm: LlmClient::new(
-            config.llm_fast_api_key.clone(),
-            config.llm_fast_api_base.clone(),
-            config.llm_fast_model.clone(),
-        )
-        .context("构建 Fast LLM 客户端失败")?,
-        vision_llm: None,
-        embedding: EmbeddingClient::new(
-            config.embedding_api_key.clone(),
-            config.embedding_api_base.clone(),
-            config.embedding_model.clone(),
-        )
-        .context("构建 Embedding 客户端失败")?,
         downloader: Downloader::new()?,
         http_client: reqwest::Client::builder()
             .timeout(std::time::Duration::from_secs(30))
@@ -269,23 +203,97 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             astroresearch::services::batch::AssetBatchStatus::new(),
         )),
         active_bibcode: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(None)),
-        cancelled_runs: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
         skill_registry: Arc::new(tokio::sync::RwLock::new(
-            astroresearch::agent::skills::SkillRegistry::new(config.skills_dir.clone()),
+            astroresearch::agent::skills::SkillRegistry::new(config.storage.skills_dir.clone()),
         )),
-        pending_questions: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(HashMap::new())),
-        pending_permissions: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(HashMap::new())),
-        session_permission_checkers: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
         sse_broadcast: {
             let (tx, _) = tokio::sync::broadcast::channel(256);
             Some(tx)
         },
         memory_manager: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(
-            astroresearch::agent::memory::MemoryManager::new(config.library_dir.clone()),
+            astroresearch::agent::memory::MemoryManager::new(config.storage.library_dir.clone()),
         )),
-        sessions: Arc::new(tokio::sync::RwLock::new(HashMap::new())),
-        login_rate_limiter: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(HashMap::new())),
-        upload_rate_limiter: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(HashMap::new())),
+        login_rate_limiter: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
+        upload_rate_limiter: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
+        // 子结构
+        llm: astroresearch::api::LlmState {
+            primary: LlmClient::new(
+                config.llm.api_key.clone(),
+                config.llm.api_base.clone(),
+                config.llm.model.clone(),
+            )
+            .context("构建 LLM 客户端失败")?,
+            medium: LlmClient::new(
+                config.llm.medium_api_key.clone(),
+                config.llm.medium_api_base.clone(),
+                config.llm.medium_model.clone(),
+            )
+            .context("构建 Medium LLM 客户端失败")?,
+            fast: LlmClient::new(
+                config.llm.fast_api_key.clone(),
+                config.llm.fast_api_base.clone(),
+                config.llm.fast_model.clone(),
+            )
+            .context("构建 Fast LLM 客户端失败")?,
+            vision: None,
+            embedding: EmbeddingClient::new(
+                config.embedding.api_key.clone(),
+                config.embedding.api_base.clone(),
+                config.embedding.model.clone(),
+            )
+            .context("构建 Embedding 客户端失败")?,
+        },
+        sources: astroresearch::api::DataSourceState {
+            ads: AdsClient::new(config.ads_api_key.clone()).context("构建 ADS 客户端失败")?,
+            arxiv: ArxivClient::new().context("构建 arXiv 客户端失败")?,
+            vizier: astroresearch::clients::cds::vizier::VizierClient::new(
+                &config.cds.vizier_tap_url,
+                config.cds.vizier_timeout_secs,
+            )
+            .context("构建 VizieR 客户端失败")?,
+            lamost: astroresearch::clients::lamost::LamostClient::new(
+                &config.cds.lamost_base_url,
+                config.cds.lamost_timeout_secs,
+            )
+            .context("构建 LAMOST 客户端失败")?,
+            gaia: astroresearch::clients::gaia::GaiaClient::new(
+                &config.cds.gaia_tap_url,
+                &config.cds.gaia_datalink_url,
+                config.cds.gaia_timeout_secs,
+            )
+            .context("构建 Gaia 客户端失败")?,
+            sdss: astroresearch::clients::sdss::SdssClient::new(
+                &config.cds.sdss_tap_url,
+                config.cds.sdss_timeout_secs,
+            )
+            .context("构建 SDSS 客户端失败")?,
+            desi: astroresearch::clients::desi::DesiClient::new(
+                &config.cds.desi_tap_url,
+                config.cds.desi_timeout_secs,
+            )
+            .context("构建 DESI 客户端失败")?,
+            irsa: astroresearch::clients::irsa::IrsaClient::new(
+                &config.cds.ztf_base_url,
+                config.cds.ztf_timeout_secs,
+            )
+            .context("构建 IRSA 客户端失败")?,
+            mast: astroresearch::clients::mast::MastClient::new(
+                &config.cds.tess_base_url,
+                config.cds.tess_timeout_secs,
+            )
+            .context("构建 MAST 客户端失败")?,
+            observation_registry: Arc::new(
+                astroresearch::services::observation::ObservationRegistry::default(),
+            ),
+        },
+        session: astroresearch::api::SessionState {
+            sessions: Arc::new(tokio::sync::RwLock::new(HashMap::new())),
+            session_last_active: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
+            cancelled_runs: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
+            session_permission_checkers: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
+            pending_questions: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(HashMap::new())),
+            pending_permissions: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(HashMap::new())),
+        },
     });
 
     let cli = Cli::parse();
@@ -294,7 +302,7 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         Commands::Rag { question, top_k } => {
             let sources = astroresearch::services::rag::retrieve_hybrid(
                 &pool,
-                &app_state.embedding,
+                &app_state.llm.embedding,
                 &question,
                 top_k,
             )
@@ -399,7 +407,7 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&markdown_path)?;
             let count = astroresearch::services::rag::ingest_paper(
                 &pool,
-                &app_state.embedding,
+                &app_state.llm.embedding,
                 &bibcode,
                 &content,
                 None,
@@ -426,7 +434,7 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
 
             let res = astroresearch::services::paper::read_paper_content(
                 &pool,
-                &config.library_dir,
+                &config.storage.library_dir,
                 &bibcode,
                 mode,
             )
@@ -440,7 +448,7 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
 
             let res = astroresearch::services::paper::read_paper_content(
                 &pool,
-                &config.library_dir,
+                &config.storage.library_dir,
                 &bibcode,
                 mode,
             )
@@ -467,7 +475,7 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         } => {
             let paper = astroresearch::services::paper::get_paper_from_db(
                 &pool,
-                &config.library_dir,
+                &config.storage.library_dir,
                 &bibcode,
             )
             .await?;
@@ -638,7 +646,7 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
 
         Commands::NoteSave { title, content } => {
             let (filename, filepath, size) = astroresearch::services::note::save_note_service(
-                &config.library_dir,
+                &config.storage.library_dir,
                 &title,
                 &content,
             )
diff --git a/src/bin/health_check.rs b/src/bin/health_check.rs
index 9690117..0044056 100644
--- a/src/bin/health_check.rs
+++ b/src/bin/health_check.rs
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
     println!("--------------------------------------------------");
 
     let config = Config::from_env();
-    let library_dir = &config.library_dir;
+    let library_dir = &config.storage.library_dir;
     println!("本地文献库目录: {:?}", library_dir);
     println!("数据库连接串: {}", config.database_url);
 
diff --git a/src/clients/cds/vizier.rs b/src/clients/cds/vizier.rs
index 1a3ec8c..938cccc 100644
--- a/src/clients/cds/vizier.rs
+++ b/src/clients/cds/vizier.rs
@@ -175,15 +175,67 @@ impl VizierClient {
     ) -> anyhow::Result<reqwest::Response> {
         const MAX_RETRIES: u32 = 3;
         let mut response = None;
+        let mut last_err = None;
+        let mut current_url = url.to_string();
+
         for attempt in 0..MAX_RETRIES {
-            let resp = self
+            let result = self
                 .client
-                .get(url)
+                .get(&current_url)
                 .header("User-Agent", "AstroResearch/0.1 (academic research tool)")
                 .query(params)
                 .send()
-                .await
-                .context("VizieR TAP 请求发送失败")?;
+                .await;
+
+            let resp = match result {
+                Ok(r) => r,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    let err_msg = e.to_string();
+                    let is_tls_or_connect = e.is_connect()
+                        || err_msg.contains("tls")
+                        || err_msg.contains("handshake")
+                        || err_msg.contains("eof");
+
+                    if current_url.starts_with("https://") && is_tls_or_connect {
+                        warn!(
+                            "[VizieR] HTTPS 连接/TLS 握手失败，尝试降级到 HTTP 再次发起请求 (第 {} 次): {}",
+                            attempt + 1,
+                            e
+                        );
+                        current_url = current_url.replace("https://", "http://");
+                        // 立即以 HTTP 协议重试，不计入常规重试休眠
+                        let retry_result = self
+                            .client
+                            .get(&current_url)
+                            .header("User-Agent", "AstroResearch/0.1 (academic research tool)")
+                            .query(params)
+                            .send()
+                            .await;
+
+                        match retry_result {
+                            Ok(r) => r,
+                            Err(retry_err) => {
+                                warn!(
+                                    "[VizieR] HTTP 降级请求同样失败 (第 {} 次): {}",
+                                    attempt + 1,
+                                    retry_err
+                                );
+                                last_err = Some(
+                                    anyhow::Error::new(retry_err)
+                                        .context("VizieR TAP 请求发送失败"),
+                                );
+                                tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_secs(2u64.pow(attempt))).await;
+                                continue;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        warn!("[VizieR] 请求发送失败 (第 {} 次): {}", attempt + 1, e);
+                        last_err = Some(anyhow::Error::new(e).context("VizieR TAP 请求发送失败"));
+                        tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_secs(2u64.pow(attempt))).await;
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                }
+            };
 
             let status = resp.status();
             if (status.as_u16() == 429 || status.as_u16() == 503) && attempt < MAX_RETRIES - 1 {
@@ -206,7 +258,8 @@ impl VizierClient {
             break;
         }
 
-        let response = response.ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("VizieR TAP 重试耗尽"))?;
+        let response =
+            response.ok_or_else(|| last_err.unwrap_or_else(|| anyhow!("VizieR TAP 重试耗尽")))?;
         let status = response.status();
         if !status.is_success() {
             let err_body = response.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
diff --git a/src/clients/gaia/mod.rs b/src/clients/gaia/mod.rs
index 1310fe1..4f79876 100644
--- a/src/clients/gaia/mod.rs
+++ b/src/clients/gaia/mod.rs
@@ -82,16 +82,16 @@ impl GaiaRetrievalType {
 // Gaia TAP FORMAT=json 返回：{ "metadata": [{"name",...}], "data": [[v1,v2,...], ...] }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
-struct TapJsonMetadata {
-    name: String,
+pub struct TapJsonMetadata {
+    pub name: String,
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
-struct TapJsonResponse {
+pub struct TapJsonResponse {
     #[serde(default)]
-    metadata: Vec<TapJsonMetadata>,
+    pub metadata: Vec<TapJsonMetadata>,
     #[serde(default)]
-    data: Vec<Vec<serde_json::Value>>,
+    pub data: Vec<Vec<serde_json::Value>>,
 }
 
 // ── 客户端 ──
@@ -287,6 +287,12 @@ impl GaiaClient {
         Ok(bytes)
     }
 
+    /// 执行通用的 Gaia TAP ADQL 查询并返回 JSON 结果
+    pub async fn query_tap(&self, adql: &str) -> anyhow::Result<TapJsonResponse> {
+        let body = self.tap_sync(adql, "json").await?;
+        serde_json::from_str::<TapJsonResponse>(&body).context("解析 Gaia TAP JSON 失败")
+    }
+
     /// 执行 TAP sync 查询（带重试）
     async fn tap_sync(&self, adql: &str, format: &str) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
         let params = [
diff --git a/src/clients/irsa/mod.rs b/src/clients/irsa/mod.rs
index 6e988e9..8f4c9b1 100644
--- a/src/clients/irsa/mod.rs
+++ b/src/clients/irsa/mod.rs
@@ -82,19 +82,22 @@ impl IrsaClient {
         dec: f64,
         radius_deg: f64,
     ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<ZtfObjectRow>> {
-        if radius_deg > 0.1667 {
-            return Err(anyhow!(
-                "ZTF 检索半径硬上限 0.1667°（10 arcmin），当前 {}",
+        let r = radius_deg.min(0.1667);
+        if r < radius_deg {
+            warn!(
+                "[ZTF] 检索半径 {}° 超过硬上限 0.1667°，自动调整为 0.1667°",
                 radius_deg
-            ));
+            );
         }
         let url = format!("{}/cgi-bin/ZTF/nph_light_curves", self.base_url);
         info!(
             "[ZTF] ConeSearch ra={:.4} dec={:.4} radius={:.4}°",
-            ra, dec, radius_deg
+            ra, dec, r
         );
         // CIRCLE 参数格式：ra dec radius（空格或 + 分隔）
-        let circle = format!("{}+{}+{}", ra, dec, radius_deg);
+        // 使用空格作为分隔符。在 URL 编码时，空格会被编码为 + 或 %20，这能被 IRSA 服务器正确识别。
+        // 若直接使用 +，Reqwest 会将其编码为 %2B，导致 IRSA 服务器报错 400 Bad Request。
+        let circle = format!("{} {} {}", ra, dec, r);
         let csv_body = self
             .send_with_retry(&url, &[("CIRCLE", circle.as_str()), ("format", "csv")])
             .await?;
@@ -131,15 +134,25 @@ impl IrsaClient {
     async fn send_with_retry(&self, url: &str, params: &[(&str, &str)]) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
         const MAX_RETRIES: u32 = 3;
         let mut response = None;
+        let mut last_err = None;
         for attempt in 0..MAX_RETRIES {
-            let resp = self
+            let result = self
                 .client
                 .get(url)
                 .header("User-Agent", "AstroResearch/0.1 (academic research tool)")
                 .query(params)
                 .send()
-                .await
-                .context("IRSA 请求发送失败")?;
+                .await;
+
+            let resp = match result {
+                Ok(r) => r,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    warn!("[ZTF] 请求发送失败 (第 {} 次): {}", attempt + 1, e);
+                    last_err = Some(anyhow::Error::new(e).context("IRSA 请求发送失败"));
+                    tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_secs(2u64.pow(attempt))).await;
+                    continue;
+                }
+            };
             let status = resp.status();
             if (status.as_u16() == 429 || status.as_u16() == 503) && attempt < MAX_RETRIES - 1 {
                 let retry_after = resp
@@ -160,7 +173,8 @@ impl IrsaClient {
             response = Some(resp);
             break;
         }
-        let response = response.ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("IRSA 重试耗尽"))?;
+        let response =
+            response.ok_or_else(|| last_err.unwrap_or_else(|| anyhow!("IRSA 重试耗尽")))?;
         let status = response.status();
         if !status.is_success() {
             let err_body = response.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
diff --git a/src/clients/lamost/mod.rs b/src/clients/lamost/mod.rs
index db0e13b..61a04a9 100644
--- a/src/clients/lamost/mod.rs
+++ b/src/clients/lamost/mod.rs
@@ -223,15 +223,25 @@ impl LamostClient {
     ) -> anyhow::Result<reqwest::Response> {
         const MAX_RETRIES: u32 = 3;
         let mut response = None;
+        let mut last_err = None;
         for attempt in 0..MAX_RETRIES {
-            let resp = self
+            let result = self
                 .client
                 .get(url)
                 .header("User-Agent", "AstroResearch/0.1 (academic research tool)")
                 .query(params)
                 .send()
-                .await
-                .context("LAMOST 请求发送失败")?;
+                .await;
+
+            let resp = match result {
+                Ok(r) => r,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    warn!("[LAMOST] 请求发送失败 (第 {} 次): {}", attempt + 1, e);
+                    last_err = Some(anyhow::Error::new(e).context("LAMOST 请求发送失败"));
+                    tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_secs(2u64.pow(attempt))).await;
+                    continue;
+                }
+            };
 
             let status = resp.status();
             if (status.as_u16() == 429 || status.as_u16() == 503) && attempt < MAX_RETRIES - 1 {
@@ -254,7 +264,8 @@ impl LamostClient {
             break;
         }
 
-        let response = response.ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("LAMOST 重试耗尽"))?;
+        let response =
+            response.ok_or_else(|| last_err.unwrap_or_else(|| anyhow!("LAMOST 重试耗尽")))?;
         let status = response.status();
         if !status.is_success() {
             let err_body = response.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
diff --git a/src/clients/llm/chat.rs b/src/clients/llm/chat.rs
index 6b581c5..3f3487f 100644
--- a/src/clients/llm/chat.rs
+++ b/src/clients/llm/chat.rs
@@ -703,17 +703,17 @@ mod tests {
         println!("================= 开始大模型与向量模型真实网络集成测试 =================");
 
         // 1. 测试 LlmClient
-        if config.llm_api_key.is_empty() {
+        if config.llm.api_key.is_empty() {
             println!("警告: 未在环境配置中检测到 LLM_API_KEY，跳过 LlmClient 集成测试。");
         } else {
             println!(
                 "测试大模型: {} (API Base: {})",
-                config.llm_model, config.llm_api_base
+                config.llm.model, config.llm.api_base
             );
             let llm = LlmClient::new(
-                config.llm_api_key.clone(),
-                config.llm_api_base.clone(),
-                config.llm_model.clone(),
+                config.llm.api_key.clone(),
+                config.llm.api_base.clone(),
+                config.llm.model.clone(),
             )
             .unwrap();
             match llm
@@ -729,19 +729,19 @@ mod tests {
         }
 
         // 2. 测试 EmbeddingClient
-        if config.embedding_api_key.is_empty() {
+        if config.embedding.api_key.is_empty() {
             println!(
                 "警告: 未在环境配置中检测到 EMBEDDING_API_KEY，跳过 EmbeddingClient 集成测试。"
             );
         } else {
             println!(
                 "测试向量模型: {} (API Base: {})",
-                config.embedding_model, config.embedding_api_base
+                config.embedding.model, config.embedding.api_base
             );
             let embedding_client = crate::clients::llm::EmbeddingClient::new(
-                config.embedding_api_key.clone(),
-                config.embedding_api_base.clone(),
-                config.embedding_model.clone(),
+                config.embedding.api_key.clone(),
+                config.embedding.api_base.clone(),
+                config.embedding.model.clone(),
             )
             .unwrap();
             let test_text = "active galactic nucleus";
diff --git a/src/clients/mast/mod.rs b/src/clients/mast/mod.rs
index c8d08a5..e79ffb8 100644
--- a/src/clients/mast/mod.rs
+++ b/src/clients/mast/mod.rs
@@ -275,38 +275,69 @@ fn parse_tic_json(body: &str) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<TessTicRow>> {
 
     let mut rows = Vec::new();
     for row in data {
-        let arr = row
-            .as_array()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("MAST data 行非数组"))?;
-        let get_str = |i: Option<usize>| -> Option<String> {
-            i.and_then(|idx| arr.get(idx)).and_then(|v| {
-                if v.is_i64() {
-                    Some(v.as_i64().unwrap().to_string())
-                } else if v.is_f64() {
-                    Some(v.as_f64().unwrap().to_string())
-                } else {
-                    v.as_str().map(|s| s.to_string())
-                }
-            })
-        };
-        let get_f64 = |i: Option<usize>| -> Option<f64> {
-            i.and_then(|idx| arr.get(idx)).and_then(|v| {
-                v.as_f64()
-                    .or_else(|| v.as_str().and_then(|s| s.parse().ok()))
-            })
-        };
-        let tic_id = match i_id.and_then(|i| get_str(Some(i))) {
-            Some(id) => id,
-            None => continue,
-        };
-        rows.push(TessTicRow {
-            tic_id,
-            ra: get_f64(i_ra).unwrap_or(0.0),
-            dec: get_f64(i_dec).unwrap_or(0.0),
-            tmag: get_f64(i_tmag),
-            gaia_id: get_str(i_gaia),
-            obj_type: get_str(i_obj),
-        });
+        if let Some(arr) = row.as_array() {
+            let get_str = |i: Option<usize>| -> Option<String> {
+                i.and_then(|idx| arr.get(idx)).and_then(|v| {
+                    if v.is_i64() {
+                        Some(v.as_i64().unwrap().to_string())
+                    } else if v.is_f64() {
+                        Some(v.as_f64().unwrap().to_string())
+                    } else {
+                        v.as_str().map(|s| s.to_string())
+                    }
+                })
+            };
+            let get_f64 = |i: Option<usize>| -> Option<f64> {
+                i.and_then(|idx| arr.get(idx)).and_then(|v| {
+                    v.as_f64()
+                        .or_else(|| v.as_str().and_then(|s| s.parse().ok()))
+                })
+            };
+            let tic_id = match i_id.and_then(|i| get_str(Some(i))) {
+                Some(id) => id,
+                None => continue,
+            };
+            rows.push(TessTicRow {
+                tic_id,
+                ra: get_f64(i_ra).unwrap_or(0.0),
+                dec: get_f64(i_dec).unwrap_or(0.0),
+                tmag: get_f64(i_tmag),
+                gaia_id: get_str(i_gaia),
+                obj_type: get_str(i_obj),
+            });
+        } else if let Some(obj) = row.as_object() {
+            let get_str = |name: &str| -> Option<String> {
+                obj.get(name).and_then(|v| {
+                    if v.is_i64() {
+                        Some(v.as_i64().unwrap().to_string())
+                    } else if v.is_f64() {
+                        Some(v.as_f64().unwrap().to_string())
+                    } else {
+                        v.as_str().map(|s| s.to_string())
+                    }
+                })
+            };
+            let get_f64 = |name: &str| -> Option<f64> {
+                obj.get(name).and_then(|v| {
+                    v.as_f64()
+                        .or_else(|| v.as_str().and_then(|s| s.parse().ok()))
+                })
+            };
+            let tic_id = match get_str("ID") {
+                Some(id) => id,
+                None => continue,
+            };
+            rows.push(TessTicRow {
+                tic_id,
+                ra: get_f64("ra").unwrap_or(0.0),
+                dec: get_f64("dec").unwrap_or(0.0),
+                tmag: get_f64("Tmag"),
+                gaia_id: get_str("GAIA"),
+                obj_type: get_str("objType"),
+            });
+        } else {
+            return Err(anyhow!("MAST data 行非数组且非对象"));
+        }
     }
     Ok(rows)
 }
@@ -377,7 +408,8 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn test_parse_tic_json() {
-        let json = r#"{
+        // 测试数组格式
+        let json_arr = r#"{
             "status": "COMPLETE",
             "fields": [
                 {"name": "ID"}, {"name": "ra"}, {"name": "dec"},
@@ -388,12 +420,31 @@ mod tests {
                 [840525886, 150.01, 30.01, 15.20, null, "GALAXY"]
             ]
         }"#;
-        let rows = parse_tic_json(json).unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(rows.len(), 2);
-        assert_eq!(rows[0].tic_id, "840525885");
-        assert!((rows[0].ra - 149.99).abs() < 0.01);
-        assert_eq!(rows[0].obj_type.as_deref(), Some("STAR"));
-        assert_eq!(rows[1].gaia_id, None);
+        let rows_arr = parse_tic_json(json_arr).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(rows_arr.len(), 2);
+        assert_eq!(rows_arr[0].tic_id, "840525885");
+        assert!((rows_arr[0].ra - 149.99).abs() < 0.01);
+        assert_eq!(rows_arr[0].obj_type.as_deref(), Some("STAR"));
+        assert_eq!(rows_arr[1].gaia_id, None);
+
+        // 测试新版对象格式
+        let json_obj = r#"{
+            "status": "COMPLETE",
+            "fields": [
+                {"name": "ID"}, {"name": "ra"}, {"name": "dec"},
+                {"name": "Tmag"}, {"name": "GAIA"}, {"name": "objType"}
+            ],
+            "data": [
+                {"ID": 840525885, "ra": 149.99, "dec": 29.99, "Tmag": 18.65, "GAIA": 743994644698295424, "objType": "STAR"},
+                {"ID": 840525886, "ra": 150.01, "dec": 30.01, "Tmag": 15.20, "GAIA": null, "objType": "GALAXY"}
+            ]
+        }"#;
+        let rows_obj = parse_tic_json(json_obj).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(rows_obj.len(), 2);
+        assert_eq!(rows_obj[0].tic_id, "840525885");
+        assert!((rows_obj[0].ra - 149.99).abs() < 0.01);
+        assert_eq!(rows_obj[0].obj_type.as_deref(), Some("STAR"));
+        assert_eq!(rows_obj[1].gaia_id, None);
     }
 
     #[tokio::test]
diff --git a/src/lib.rs b/src/lib.rs
index b94feae..639078b 100644
--- a/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/lib.rs
@@ -15,71 +15,102 @@ fn env_u64(key: &str, default: u64) -> u64 {
         .unwrap_or(default)
 }
 
-// 系统配置结构体，加载并管理从环境变量或 .env 文件读取的参数
+// ── LLM 多层配置 ──
+
+/// 大语言模型 API 配置（Primary / Medium / Fast 三级级联）
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct LlmConfig {
+    pub api_key: String,
+    pub api_base: String,
+    pub model: String,
+    pub fallback_model: String,
+    pub fallback_chain: Vec<String>,
+    /// 中型模型（默认回退到 Primary）
+    pub medium_api_key: String,
+    pub medium_api_base: String,
+    pub medium_model: String,
+    /// 快速模型（默认回退到 Medium）
+    pub fast_api_key: String,
+    pub fast_api_base: String,
+    pub fast_model: String,
+}
+
+/// 向量嵌入模型配置
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct EmbeddingConfig {
+    pub api_key: String,
+    pub api_base: String,
+    pub model: String,
+}
+
+/// 专用视觉模型配置
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct VisionConfig {
+    pub model: String,
+    pub api_key: String,
+    pub api_base: String,
+}
+
+// ── 天文数据源配置 ──
+
+/// CDS / 天文望远镜数据源配置
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct CdsConfig {
+    pub vizier_tap_url: String,
+    pub vizier_timeout_secs: u64,
+    pub lamost_base_url: String,
+    pub lamost_timeout_secs: u64,
+    pub gaia_tap_url: String,
+    pub gaia_datalink_url: String,
+    pub gaia_timeout_secs: u64,
+    pub sdss_tap_url: String,
+    pub sdss_timeout_secs: u64,
+    pub desi_tap_url: String,
+    pub desi_timeout_secs: u64,
+    pub ztf_base_url: String,
+    pub ztf_timeout_secs: u64,
+    pub tess_base_url: String,
+    pub tess_timeout_secs: u64,
+}
+
+// ── 存储配置 ──
+
+/// 七牛云 + MinerU + 本地目录配置
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct StorageConfig {
+    pub qiniu_ak: String,
+    pub qiniu_sk: String,
+    pub qiniu_bucket: String,
+    pub qiniu_domain: String,
+    pub mineru_api_url: String,
+    pub mineru_api_key: String,
+    pub library_dir: PathBuf,
+    pub skills_dir: PathBuf,
+}
+
+// ── 顶层配置 ──
+
+/// 系统配置结构体，按职责分组
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct Config {
-    pub database_url: String,            // SQLite 数据库连接 URL
-    pub ads_api_key: String,             // NASA ADS API 访问 Token
-    pub llm_api_key: String,             // 大语言模型 API Key
-    pub llm_api_base: String,            // 大语言模型 API 基础地址
-    pub llm_model: String,               // 调用的翻译大模型名称
-    pub llm_fallback_model: String,      // 故障转移备用模型
-    pub llm_fallback_chain: Vec<String>, // 故障转移模型链（按顺序尝试）
-    pub llm_medium_model: String,        // 中型大模型名称
-    pub llm_medium_api_key: String,      // 中型大模型 API Key
-    pub llm_medium_api_base: String,     // 中型大模型 API 基础地址
-    pub llm_fast_model: String,          // 快速大模型名称
-    pub llm_fast_api_key: String,        // 快速大模型 API Key
-    pub llm_fast_api_base: String,       // 快速大模型 API 基础地址
-    pub embedding_api_key: String,       // 向量模型 API Key
-    pub embedding_api_base: String,      // 向量模型 API 基础地址
-    pub embedding_model: String,         // 向量模型名称
-    pub qiniu_ak: String,                // 七牛云 Access Key
-    pub qiniu_sk: String,                // 七牛云 Secret Key
-    pub qiniu_bucket: String,            // 七牛云存储空间名 (Bucket)
-    pub qiniu_domain: String,            // 七牛云外链 CDN 域名
-    pub mineru_api_url: String,          // MinerU PDF 解析远程 API 地址
-    pub mineru_api_key: String,          // MinerU API Token
-    pub library_dir: PathBuf,            // 本地文献馆藏根目录
-    pub skills_dir: PathBuf,             // Agent Skills 目录（Markdown 知识模块）
-    pub port: u16,                       // 后端服务监听端口
-    pub admin_password: String,          // 单用户管理员登录密码
-    /// 专用视觉模型名称（空字符串 = 未配置，不启用图片分析能力）
-    pub llm_vision_model: String,
-    /// 视觉模型 API Key（空时回退到 llm_api_key）
-    pub llm_vision_api_key: String,
-    /// 视觉模型 API Base（空时回退到 llm_api_base）
-    pub llm_vision_api_base: String,
-    /// VizieR TAP 服务基础 URL（默认 CDS 官方端点）
-    pub vizier_tap_url: String,
-    /// VizieR TAP 查询超时秒数（TAP 查询可能较慢，默认 60）
-    pub vizier_timeout_secs: u64,
-    /// LAMOST 数据访问基础 URL（默认 DR10 v2.0）
-    pub lamost_base_url: String,
-    /// LAMOST 请求超时秒数（FITS 下载可能较慢，默认 60）
-    pub lamost_timeout_secs: u64,
-    /// Gaia TAP 服务基础 URL（默认 ESA 官方端点）
-    pub gaia_tap_url: String,
-    /// Gaia DataLink 服务基础 URL（默认 ESA 官方端点）
-    pub gaia_datalink_url: String,
-    /// Gaia 请求超时秒数（DataLink 下载较慢，默认 90）
-    pub gaia_timeout_secs: u64,
-    /// SDSS Data Lab TAP sync 端点 URL
-    pub sdss_tap_url: String,
-    /// SDSS 请求超时秒数（默认 90）
-    pub sdss_timeout_secs: u64,
-    /// DESI Data Lab TAP sync 端点 URL（与 SDSS 共用 Data Lab）
-    pub desi_tap_url: String,
-    /// DESI 请求超时秒数（coadd 文件较大，默认 120）
-    pub desi_timeout_secs: u64,
-    /// IRSA/IPAC 基础 URL（ZTF 光变曲线 REST API）
-    pub ztf_base_url: String,
-    /// ZTF 请求超时秒数
-    pub ztf_timeout_secs: u64,
-    /// MAST 基础 URL（TESS 光变曲线 + TIC 星表）
-    pub tess_base_url: String,
-    /// TESS 请求超时秒数（光变 FITS 可能较大，默认 90）
-    pub tess_timeout_secs: u64,
+    /// SQLite 数据库连接 URL
+    pub database_url: String,
+    /// NASA ADS API 访问 Token
+    pub ads_api_key: String,
+    /// 后端服务监听端口
+    pub port: u16,
+    /// 单用户管理员登录密码
+    pub admin_password: String,
+    /// LLM 多层配置
+    pub llm: LlmConfig,
+    /// 向量嵌入模型配置
+    pub embedding: EmbeddingConfig,
+    /// 专用视觉模型配置
+    pub vision: VisionConfig,
+    /// CDS / 天文数据源配置
+    pub cds: CdsConfig,
+    /// 存储配置（七牛云 + 本地目录）
+    pub storage: StorageConfig,
 }
 
 impl Config {
@@ -90,6 +121,16 @@ impl Config {
         let database_url = env::var("DATABASE_URL")
             .unwrap_or_else(|_| "sqlite://library/astro_research.db".to_string());
         let ads_api_key = env::var("ADS_API_KEY").unwrap_or_default();
+        let port = env::var("PORT")
+            .unwrap_or_else(|_| "8000".to_string())
+            .parse::<u16>()
+            .unwrap_or_else(|_| {
+                tracing::warn!("环境变量 PORT 不是有效端口号，使用默认值 8000");
+                8000
+            });
+        let admin_password = env::var("ADMIN_PASSWORD").unwrap_or_default();
+
+        // ── LLM ──
         let llm_api_key = env::var("LLM_API_KEY").unwrap_or_default();
         let llm_api_base =
             env::var("LLM_API_BASE").unwrap_or_else(|_| "https://api.openai.com/v1".to_string());
@@ -102,14 +143,12 @@ impl Config {
             .filter(|s| !s.is_empty())
             .collect();
 
-        // Tier 2: Medium Model configurations (defaulting to Tier 1)
         let llm_medium_model = env::var("LLM_MEDIUM_MODEL").unwrap_or_else(|_| llm_model.clone());
         let llm_medium_api_key =
             env::var("LLM_MEDIUM_API_KEY").unwrap_or_else(|_| llm_api_key.clone());
         let llm_medium_api_base =
             env::var("LLM_MEDIUM_API_BASE").unwrap_or_else(|_| llm_api_base.clone());
 
-        // Tier 3: Fast Model configurations (cascading fallback: Fast -> Medium)
         let llm_fast_model =
             env::var("LLM_FAST_MODEL").unwrap_or_else(|_| llm_medium_model.clone());
         let llm_fast_api_key =
@@ -117,115 +156,88 @@ impl Config {
         let llm_fast_api_base =
             env::var("LLM_FAST_API_BASE").unwrap_or_else(|_| llm_medium_api_base.clone());
 
-        let embedding_api_key =
-            env::var("EMBEDDING_API_KEY").unwrap_or_else(|_| llm_api_key.clone());
-        let embedding_api_base =
-            env::var("EMBEDDING_API_BASE").unwrap_or_else(|_| llm_api_base.clone());
-        let embedding_model =
-            env::var("EMBEDDING_MODEL").unwrap_or_else(|_| "text-embedding-3-small".to_string());
+        let llm = LlmConfig {
+            api_key: llm_api_key.clone(),
+            api_base: llm_api_base.clone(),
+            model: llm_model,
+            fallback_model: llm_fallback_model,
+            fallback_chain: llm_fallback_chain,
+            medium_api_key: llm_medium_api_key.clone(),
+            medium_api_base: llm_medium_api_base.clone(),
+            medium_model: llm_medium_model,
+            fast_api_key: llm_fast_api_key,
+            fast_api_base: llm_fast_api_base,
+            fast_model: llm_fast_model,
+        };
 
-        let qiniu_ak = env::var("QINIU_AK").unwrap_or_default();
-        let qiniu_sk = env::var("QINIU_SK").unwrap_or_default();
-        let qiniu_bucket = env::var("QINIU_BUCKET").unwrap_or_default();
-        let qiniu_domain = env::var("QINIU_DOMAIN").unwrap_or_default();
+        // ── Embedding ──
+        let embedding = EmbeddingConfig {
+            api_key: env::var("EMBEDDING_API_KEY").unwrap_or_else(|_| llm_api_key.clone()),
+            api_base: env::var("EMBEDDING_API_BASE").unwrap_or_else(|_| llm_api_base.clone()),
+            model: env::var("EMBEDDING_MODEL")
+                .unwrap_or_else(|_| "text-embedding-3-small".to_string()),
+        };
 
-        let mineru_api_url = env::var("MINERU_API_URL").unwrap_or_default();
-        let mineru_api_key = env::var("MINERU_API_KEY").unwrap_or_default();
+        // ── Vision ──
+        let vision = VisionConfig {
+            model: env::var("LLM_VISION_MODEL").unwrap_or_default(),
+            api_key: env::var("LLM_VISION_API_KEY").unwrap_or_default(),
+            api_base: env::var("LLM_VISION_API_BASE").unwrap_or_default(),
+        };
 
-        let library_dir_str = env::var("LIBRARY_DIR").unwrap_or_else(|_| "./library".to_string());
-        let library_dir = PathBuf::from(library_dir_str);
+        // ── CDS ──
+        let cds = CdsConfig {
+            vizier_tap_url: env::var("VIZIER_TAP_URL")
+                .unwrap_or_else(|_| "https://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tap".to_string()),
+            vizier_timeout_secs: env_u64("VIZIER_TIMEOUT_SECS", 60),
+            lamost_base_url: env::var("LAMOST_BASE_URL")
+                .unwrap_or_else(|_| "https://www.lamost.org".to_string()),
+            lamost_timeout_secs: env_u64("LAMOST_TIMEOUT_SECS", 60),
+            gaia_tap_url: env::var("GAIA_TAP_URL")
+                .unwrap_or_else(|_| "https://gea.esac.esa.int/tap-server/tap".to_string()),
+            gaia_datalink_url: env::var("GAIA_DATALINK_URL")
+                .unwrap_or_else(|_| "https://gea.esac.esa.int/data-server".to_string()),
+            gaia_timeout_secs: env_u64("GAIA_TIMEOUT_SECS", 90),
+            sdss_tap_url: env::var("SDSS_TAP_URL")
+                .unwrap_or_else(|_| "https://datalab.noirlab.edu/tap/sync".to_string()),
+            sdss_timeout_secs: env_u64("SDSS_TIMEOUT_SECS", 90),
+            desi_tap_url: env::var("DESI_TAP_URL")
+                .unwrap_or_else(|_| "https://datalab.noirlab.edu/tap/sync".to_string()),
+            desi_timeout_secs: env_u64("DESI_TIMEOUT_SECS", 120),
+            ztf_base_url: env::var("ZTF_BASE_URL")
+                .unwrap_or_else(|_| "https://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu".to_string()),
+            ztf_timeout_secs: env_u64("ZTF_TIMEOUT_SECS", 60),
+            tess_base_url: env::var("TESS_BASE_URL")
+                .unwrap_or_else(|_| "https://mast.stsci.edu".to_string()),
+            tess_timeout_secs: env_u64("TESS_TIMEOUT_SECS", 90),
+        };
 
-        let skills_dir_str = env::var("SKILLS_DIR").unwrap_or_else(|_| "./skills".to_string());
-        let skills_dir = PathBuf::from(skills_dir_str);
-
-        let port = env::var("PORT")
-            .unwrap_or_else(|_| "8000".to_string())
-            .parse::<u16>()
-            .unwrap_or_else(|_| {
-                tracing::warn!("环境变量 PORT 不是有效端口号，使用默认值 8000");
-                8000
-            });
-
-        let admin_password = env::var("ADMIN_PASSWORD").unwrap_or_default();
-
-        let llm_vision_model = env::var("LLM_VISION_MODEL").unwrap_or_default();
-        let llm_vision_api_key = env::var("LLM_VISION_API_KEY").unwrap_or_default();
-        let llm_vision_api_base = env::var("LLM_VISION_API_BASE").unwrap_or_default();
-
-        let vizier_tap_url = env::var("VIZIER_TAP_URL")
-            .unwrap_or_else(|_| "https://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tap".to_string());
-        let vizier_timeout_secs = env_u64("VIZIER_TIMEOUT_SECS", 60);
-
-        let lamost_base_url =
-            env::var("LAMOST_BASE_URL").unwrap_or_else(|_| "https://www.lamost.org".to_string());
-        let lamost_timeout_secs = env_u64("LAMOST_TIMEOUT_SECS", 60);
-
-        let gaia_tap_url = env::var("GAIA_TAP_URL")
-            .unwrap_or_else(|_| "https://gea.esac.esa.int/tap-server/tap".to_string());
-        let gaia_datalink_url = env::var("GAIA_DATALINK_URL")
-            .unwrap_or_else(|_| "https://gea.esac.esa.int/data-server".to_string());
-        let gaia_timeout_secs = env_u64("GAIA_TIMEOUT_SECS", 90);
-
-        let sdss_tap_url = env::var("SDSS_TAP_URL")
-            .unwrap_or_else(|_| "https://datalab.noirlab.edu/tap/sync".to_string());
-        let sdss_timeout_secs = env_u64("SDSS_TIMEOUT_SECS", 90);
-
-        let desi_tap_url = env::var("DESI_TAP_URL")
-            .unwrap_or_else(|_| "https://datalab.noirlab.edu/tap/sync".to_string());
-        let desi_timeout_secs = env_u64("DESI_TIMEOUT_SECS", 120);
-
-        let ztf_base_url = env::var("ZTF_BASE_URL")
-            .unwrap_or_else(|_| "https://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu".to_string());
-        let ztf_timeout_secs = env_u64("ZTF_TIMEOUT_SECS", 60);
-        let tess_base_url =
-            env::var("TESS_BASE_URL").unwrap_or_else(|_| "https://mast.stsci.edu".to_string());
-        let tess_timeout_secs = env_u64("TESS_TIMEOUT_SECS", 90);
+        // ── Storage ──
+        let storage = StorageConfig {
+            qiniu_ak: env::var("QINIU_AK").unwrap_or_default(),
+            qiniu_sk: env::var("QINIU_SK").unwrap_or_default(),
+            qiniu_bucket: env::var("QINIU_BUCKET").unwrap_or_default(),
+            qiniu_domain: env::var("QINIU_DOMAIN").unwrap_or_default(),
+            mineru_api_url: env::var("MINERU_API_URL").unwrap_or_default(),
+            mineru_api_key: env::var("MINERU_API_KEY").unwrap_or_default(),
+            library_dir: PathBuf::from(
+                env::var("LIBRARY_DIR").unwrap_or_else(|_| "./library".to_string()),
+            ),
+            skills_dir: PathBuf::from(
+                env::var("SKILLS_DIR").unwrap_or_else(|_| "./skills".to_string()),
+            ),
+        };
 
         Config {
             database_url,
             ads_api_key,
-            llm_api_key,
-            llm_api_base,
-            llm_model,
-            llm_fallback_model,
-            llm_fallback_chain,
-            llm_medium_model,
-            llm_medium_api_key,
-            llm_medium_api_base,
-            llm_fast_model,
-            llm_fast_api_key,
-            llm_fast_api_base,
-            embedding_api_key,
-            embedding_api_base,
-            embedding_model,
-            qiniu_ak,
-            qiniu_sk,
-            qiniu_bucket,
-            qiniu_domain,
-            mineru_api_url,
-            mineru_api_key,
-            library_dir,
-            skills_dir,
             port,
             admin_password,
-            llm_vision_model,
-            llm_vision_api_key,
-            llm_vision_api_base,
-            vizier_tap_url,
-            vizier_timeout_secs,
-            lamost_base_url,
-            lamost_timeout_secs,
-            gaia_tap_url,
-            gaia_datalink_url,
-            gaia_timeout_secs,
-            sdss_tap_url,
-            sdss_timeout_secs,
-            desi_tap_url,
-            desi_timeout_secs,
-            ztf_base_url,
-            ztf_timeout_secs,
-            tess_base_url,
-            tess_timeout_secs,
+            llm,
+            embedding,
+            vision,
+            cds,
+            storage,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -267,7 +279,6 @@ mod config_tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn test_model_capability_tiering_fallback() {
-        // 备份并清理可能存在的环境变量
         let vars_to_test = [
             "LLM_MODEL",
             "LLM_API_KEY",
@@ -294,13 +305,13 @@ mod config_tests {
         std::env::set_var("LLM_API_BASE", "http://primary");
 
         let config = Config::from_env();
-        assert_eq!(config.llm_model, "primary-gpt");
-        assert_eq!(config.llm_medium_model, "primary-gpt");
-        assert_eq!(config.llm_medium_api_key, "pk-123");
-        assert_eq!(config.llm_medium_api_base, "http://primary");
-        assert_eq!(config.llm_fast_model, "primary-gpt");
-        assert_eq!(config.llm_fast_api_key, "pk-123");
-        assert_eq!(config.llm_fast_api_base, "http://primary");
+        assert_eq!(config.llm.model, "primary-gpt");
+        assert_eq!(config.llm.medium_model, "primary-gpt");
+        assert_eq!(config.llm.medium_api_key, "pk-123");
+        assert_eq!(config.llm.medium_api_base, "http://primary");
+        assert_eq!(config.llm.fast_model, "primary-gpt");
+        assert_eq!(config.llm.fast_api_key, "pk-123");
+        assert_eq!(config.llm.fast_api_base, "http://primary");
 
         // 场景 2：同时设置一级和二级，三级应该回退到二级
         std::env::set_var("LLM_MEDIUM_MODEL", "medium-gpt");
@@ -308,13 +319,13 @@ mod config_tests {
         std::env::set_var("LLM_MEDIUM_API_BASE", "http://medium");
 
         let config = Config::from_env();
-        assert_eq!(config.llm_model, "primary-gpt");
-        assert_eq!(config.llm_medium_model, "medium-gpt");
-        assert_eq!(config.llm_medium_api_key, "med-456");
-        assert_eq!(config.llm_medium_api_base, "http://medium");
-        assert_eq!(config.llm_fast_model, "medium-gpt");
-        assert_eq!(config.llm_fast_api_key, "med-456");
-        assert_eq!(config.llm_fast_api_base, "http://medium");
+        assert_eq!(config.llm.model, "primary-gpt");
+        assert_eq!(config.llm.medium_model, "medium-gpt");
+        assert_eq!(config.llm.medium_api_key, "med-456");
+        assert_eq!(config.llm.medium_api_base, "http://medium");
+        assert_eq!(config.llm.fast_model, "medium-gpt");
+        assert_eq!(config.llm.fast_api_key, "med-456");
+        assert_eq!(config.llm.fast_api_base, "http://medium");
 
         // 场景 3：全部设置，各司其职
         std::env::set_var("LLM_FAST_MODEL", "fast-gpt");
@@ -322,11 +333,11 @@ mod config_tests {
         std::env::set_var("LLM_FAST_API_BASE", "http://fast");
 
         let config = Config::from_env();
-        assert_eq!(config.llm_model, "primary-gpt");
-        assert_eq!(config.llm_medium_model, "medium-gpt");
-        assert_eq!(config.llm_fast_model, "fast-gpt");
-        assert_eq!(config.llm_fast_api_key, "fast-789");
-        assert_eq!(config.llm_fast_api_base, "http://fast");
+        assert_eq!(config.llm.model, "primary-gpt");
+        assert_eq!(config.llm.medium_model, "medium-gpt");
+        assert_eq!(config.llm.fast_model, "fast-gpt");
+        assert_eq!(config.llm.fast_api_key, "fast-789");
+        assert_eq!(config.llm.fast_api_base, "http://fast");
 
         // 恢复环境变量
         for (var, val) in backups {
diff --git a/src/main.rs b/src/main.rs
index a171979..5e7b7d4 100644
--- a/src/main.rs
+++ b/src/main.rs
@@ -17,7 +17,9 @@ use tower_http::set_header::SetResponseHeaderLayer;
 use tracing::{error, info, warn};
 
 use astroresearch::agent::skills::SkillRegistry;
-use astroresearch::api::handlers::{self, AppState};
+use astroresearch::api::{
+    agent, auth, catalog, notes, observation, papers, permissions, search, sync, targets, AppState,
+};
 use astroresearch::clients::ads::AdsClient;
 use astroresearch::clients::arxiv::ArxivClient;
 use astroresearch::clients::cds::vizier::VizierClient;
@@ -93,19 +95,23 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     }
 
     // 创建本地馆藏物理文件夹分类结构
-    std::fs::create_dir_all(&config.library_dir).unwrap_or_default();
-    std::fs::create_dir_all(config.library_dir.join("PDF")).unwrap_or_default();
-    std::fs::create_dir_all(config.library_dir.join("HTML")).unwrap_or_default();
-    std::fs::create_dir_all(config.library_dir.join("Markdown")).unwrap_or_default();
-    std::fs::create_dir_all(config.library_dir.join("Translation")).unwrap_or_default();
-    // 光谱文件目录（Telescope/{望远镜}/...，各 service 的 persist_bytes 会自动创建深层子目录）
-    std::fs::create_dir_all(config.library_dir.join("Telescope").join("lamost"))
-        .unwrap_or_default();
-    std::fs::create_dir_all(config.library_dir.join("Telescope").join("gaia")).unwrap_or_default();
-    std::fs::create_dir_all(config.library_dir.join("Telescope").join("sdss")).unwrap_or_default();
-    std::fs::create_dir_all(config.library_dir.join("Telescope").join("desi")).unwrap_or_default();
-    // Agent Skills 目录
-    std::fs::create_dir_all(&config.skills_dir).unwrap_or_default();
+    let dirs_to_create = [
+        &config.storage.library_dir,
+        &config.storage.library_dir.join("PDF"),
+        &config.storage.library_dir.join("HTML"),
+        &config.storage.library_dir.join("Markdown"),
+        &config.storage.library_dir.join("Translation"),
+        &config.storage.library_dir.join("Telescope").join("lamost"),
+        &config.storage.library_dir.join("Telescope").join("gaia"),
+        &config.storage.library_dir.join("Telescope").join("sdss"),
+        &config.storage.library_dir.join("Telescope").join("desi"),
+        &config.storage.skills_dir,
+    ];
+    for dir in &dirs_to_create {
+        if let Err(e) = std::fs::create_dir_all(dir) {
+            warn!("创建目录 {} 失败: {}", dir.display(), e);
+        }
+    }
 
     // 3. 初始化本地 SQLite 数据库连接池（开启外键约束并启用 WAL 模式与繁忙等待）
     let options = SqliteConnectOptions::from_str(&config.database_url)?
@@ -198,79 +204,79 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
 
     // 6. 初始化并配置全部 API 与下载客户端
     let qiniu = QiniuClient::new(
-        config.qiniu_ak.clone(),
-        config.qiniu_sk.clone(),
-        config.qiniu_bucket.clone(),
-        config.qiniu_domain.clone(),
+        config.storage.qiniu_ak.clone(),
+        config.storage.qiniu_sk.clone(),
+        config.storage.qiniu_bucket.clone(),
+        config.storage.qiniu_domain.clone(),
     );
 
     let ads = AdsClient::new(config.ads_api_key.clone()).context("构建 ADS 客户端失败")?;
     let arxiv = ArxivClient::new().context("构建 arXiv 客户端失败")?;
-    let vizier = VizierClient::new(&config.vizier_tap_url, config.vizier_timeout_secs)
+    let vizier = VizierClient::new(&config.cds.vizier_tap_url, config.cds.vizier_timeout_secs)
         .context("构建 VizieR 客户端失败")?;
-    let lamost = LamostClient::new(&config.lamost_base_url, config.lamost_timeout_secs)
+    let lamost = LamostClient::new(&config.cds.lamost_base_url, config.cds.lamost_timeout_secs)
         .context("构建 LAMOST 客户端失败")?;
     let gaia = GaiaClient::new(
-        &config.gaia_tap_url,
-        &config.gaia_datalink_url,
-        config.gaia_timeout_secs,
+        &config.cds.gaia_tap_url,
+        &config.cds.gaia_datalink_url,
+        config.cds.gaia_timeout_secs,
     )
     .context("构建 Gaia 客户端失败")?;
-    let sdss = SdssClient::new(&config.sdss_tap_url, config.sdss_timeout_secs)
+    let sdss = SdssClient::new(&config.cds.sdss_tap_url, config.cds.sdss_timeout_secs)
         .context("构建 SDSS 客户端失败")?;
-    let desi = DesiClient::new(&config.desi_tap_url, config.desi_timeout_secs)
+    let desi = DesiClient::new(&config.cds.desi_tap_url, config.cds.desi_timeout_secs)
         .context("构建 DESI 客户端失败")?;
-    let irsa = IrsaClient::new(&config.ztf_base_url, config.ztf_timeout_secs)
+    let irsa = IrsaClient::new(&config.cds.ztf_base_url, config.cds.ztf_timeout_secs)
         .context("构建 IRSA 客户端失败")?;
-    let mast = MastClient::new(&config.tess_base_url, config.tess_timeout_secs)
+    let mast = MastClient::new(&config.cds.tess_base_url, config.cds.tess_timeout_secs)
         .context("构建 MAST 客户端失败")?;
     let downloader = Downloader::new().context("构建 HTTP 下载客户端失败")?;
     let llm = LlmClient::new(
-        config.llm_api_key.clone(),
-        config.llm_api_base.clone(),
-        config.llm_model.clone(),
+        config.llm.api_key.clone(),
+        config.llm.api_base.clone(),
+        config.llm.model.clone(),
     )
     .context("构建 LLM 客户端失败")?;
     let medium_llm = LlmClient::new(
-        config.llm_medium_api_key.clone(),
-        config.llm_medium_api_base.clone(),
-        config.llm_medium_model.clone(),
+        config.llm.medium_api_key.clone(),
+        config.llm.medium_api_base.clone(),
+        config.llm.medium_model.clone(),
     )
     .context("构建 Medium LLM 客户端失败")?;
     let fast_llm = LlmClient::new(
-        config.llm_fast_api_key.clone(),
-        config.llm_fast_api_base.clone(),
-        config.llm_fast_model.clone(),
+        config.llm.fast_api_key.clone(),
+        config.llm.fast_api_base.clone(),
+        config.llm.fast_model.clone(),
     )
     .context("构建 Fast LLM 客户端失败")?;
-    let vision_llm = if !config.llm_vision_model.is_empty() {
-        let key = if config.llm_vision_api_key.is_empty() {
-            config.llm_api_key.clone()
+    let vision_llm = if !config.vision.model.is_empty() {
+        let key = if config.vision.api_key.is_empty() {
+            config.llm.api_key.clone()
         } else {
-            config.llm_vision_api_key.clone()
+            config.vision.api_key.clone()
         };
-        let base = if config.llm_vision_api_base.is_empty() {
-            config.llm_api_base.clone()
+        let base = if config.vision.api_base.is_empty() {
+            config.llm.api_base.clone()
         } else {
-            config.llm_vision_api_base.clone()
+            config.vision.api_base.clone()
         };
-        info!("视觉模型已启用: {}", config.llm_vision_model);
+        info!("视觉模型已启用: {}", config.vision.model);
         Some(
-            LlmClient::new(key, base, config.llm_vision_model.clone())
+            LlmClient::new(key, base, config.vision.model.clone())
                 .context("构建 Vision LLM 客户端失败")?,
         )
     } else {
         None
     };
     let embedding = EmbeddingClient::new(
-        config.embedding_api_key.clone(),
-        config.embedding_api_base.clone(),
-        config.embedding_model.clone(),
+        config.embedding.api_key.clone(),
+        config.embedding.api_base.clone(),
+        config.embedding.model.clone(),
     )
     .context("构建 Embedding 客户端失败")?;
 
     let skill_registry = Arc::new(tokio::sync::RwLock::new(SkillRegistry::new(
-        config.skills_dir.clone(),
+        config.storage.skills_dir.clone(),
     )));
     {
         let mut reg = skill_registry.write().await;
@@ -289,23 +295,6 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         db: pool,
         dict,
         qiniu,
-        ads,
-        arxiv,
-        vizier,
-        lamost,
-        gaia,
-        sdss,
-        desi,
-        irsa,
-        mast,
-        observation_registry: Arc::new(
-            astroresearch::services::observation::ObservationRegistry::default(),
-        ),
-        llm,
-        medium_llm,
-        fast_llm,
-        vision_llm,
-        embedding,
         downloader,
         http_client: reqwest::Client::builder()
             .timeout(std::time::Duration::from_secs(30))
@@ -319,21 +308,46 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             astroresearch::services::batch::AssetBatchStatus::new(),
         )),
         active_bibcode: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(None)),
-        cancelled_runs: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
         skill_registry,
-        pending_questions: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(HashMap::new())),
-        pending_permissions: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(HashMap::new())),
         sse_broadcast: {
-            let (tx, _) = tokio::sync::broadcast::channel(256);
+            let (tx, _) = tokio::sync::broadcast::channel(1024);
             Some(tx)
         },
         memory_manager: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(
-            astroresearch::agent::memory::MemoryManager::new(config.library_dir.clone()),
+            astroresearch::agent::memory::MemoryManager::new(config.storage.library_dir.clone()),
         )),
-        session_permission_checkers: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
-        sessions: Arc::new(tokio::sync::RwLock::new(std::collections::HashMap::new())),
-        login_rate_limiter: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(std::collections::HashMap::new())),
-        upload_rate_limiter: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(std::collections::HashMap::new())),
+        login_rate_limiter: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
+        upload_rate_limiter: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
+        // 子结构
+        llm: astroresearch::api::LlmState {
+            primary: llm,
+            medium: medium_llm,
+            fast: fast_llm,
+            vision: vision_llm,
+            embedding,
+        },
+        sources: astroresearch::api::DataSourceState {
+            ads,
+            arxiv,
+            vizier,
+            lamost,
+            gaia,
+            sdss,
+            desi,
+            irsa,
+            mast,
+            observation_registry: Arc::new(
+                astroresearch::services::observation::ObservationRegistry::default(),
+            ),
+        },
+        session: astroresearch::api::SessionState {
+            sessions: Arc::new(tokio::sync::RwLock::new(std::collections::HashMap::new())),
+            session_last_active: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
+            cancelled_runs: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
+            session_permission_checkers: Arc::new(dashmap::DashMap::new()),
+            pending_questions: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(HashMap::new())),
+            pending_permissions: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(HashMap::new())),
+        },
     });
 
     // 7. 设置 Axum 路由、CORS 头以及 React 仪表盘静态资源托管
@@ -404,19 +418,19 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         .allow_credentials(true);
 
     let public_routes = Router::new()
-        .route("/auth/login", post(handlers::login))
+        .route("/auth/login", post(auth::login))
         .layer(cors_local.clone());
 
     // 专门为浏览器书签采集脚本保留的、允许任何外站跨域的 API 路由
     let bookmarklet_routes = Router::new()
         .route(
             "/upload",
-            post(handlers::upload_paper_file)
+            post(papers::upload_paper_file)
                 .layer(axum::extract::DefaultBodyLimit::max(100 * 1024 * 1024)),
         )
         .route(
             "/active_bibcode",
-            get(handlers::get_active_bibcode).post(handlers::set_active_bibcode),
+            get(papers::get_active_bibcode).post(papers::set_active_bibcode),
         )
         .route_layer(axum::middleware::from_fn_with_state(
             app_state.clone(),
@@ -425,98 +439,102 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         .layer(cors_permissive);
 
     let protected_routes = Router::new()
-        .route("/search", get(handlers::search_papers))
-        .route("/search/history", get(handlers::search_history))
-        .route("/download", post(handlers::download_paper))
-        .route("/no_resource", post(handlers::mark_no_resource))
-        .route("/parse", post(handlers::parse_paper))
-        .route("/translate", post(handlers::translate_paper))
-        .route("/embed", post(handlers::embed_paper))
-        .route("/citations", get(handlers::get_citation_network))
-        .route("/paper", get(handlers::get_paper_detail))
-        .route("/library", get(handlers::get_library))
-        .route("/export", post(handlers::export_citations))
-        .route("/notes", post(handlers::create_note))
-        .route("/notes", get(handlers::get_notes))
-        .route("/notes", axum::routing::delete(handlers::delete_note))
-        .route("/sync/meta/count", get(handlers::get_meta_sync_count))
-        .route("/sync/meta/run", post(handlers::run_meta_sync))
-        .route("/sync/meta/status", get(handlers::get_meta_sync_status))
-        .route("/batch/asset/run", post(handlers::run_asset_batch))
-        .route("/batch/asset/stop", post(handlers::stop_asset_batch))
-        .route("/batch/asset/status", get(handlers::get_asset_batch_status))
-        .route("/sync/queries", get(handlers::get_sync_queries))
+        .route("/search", get(papers::search_papers))
+        .route("/search/history", get(search::search))
+        .route("/download", post(papers::download_paper))
+        .route("/no_resource", post(papers::mark_no_resource))
+        .route("/parse", post(papers::parse_paper))
+        .route("/translate", post(papers::translate_paper))
+        .route("/embed", post(papers::embed_paper))
+        .route("/citations", get(papers::get_citation_network))
+        .route("/paper", get(papers::get_paper_detail))
+        .route("/library", get(papers::get_library))
+        .route("/export", post(papers::export_citations))
+        .route("/notes", post(notes::create_note))
+        .route("/notes", get(notes::get_notes))
+        .route("/notes", axum::routing::delete(notes::delete_note))
+        .route("/sync/meta/count", get(sync::get_meta_sync_count))
+        .route("/sync/meta/run", post(sync::run_meta_sync))
+        .route("/sync/meta/status", get(sync::get_meta_sync_status))
+        .route("/batch/asset/run", post(sync::run_asset_batch))
+        .route("/batch/asset/stop", post(sync::stop_asset_batch))
+        .route("/batch/asset/status", get(sync::get_asset_batch_status))
+        .route("/sync/queries", get(sync::get_sync_queries))
         .route(
             "/sync/queries/:id",
-            axum::routing::delete(handlers::delete_sync_query),
+            axum::routing::delete(sync::delete_sync_query),
         )
-        .route("/target/query", get(handlers::query_target))
-        .route("/target/associate", post(handlers::associate_target))
-        .route("/target/extract", post(handlers::extract_paper_targets))
-        .route("/target/list", get(handlers::list_targets))
+        .route("/target/query", get(targets::query_target))
+        .route("/target/associate", post(targets::associate_target))
+        .route("/target/extract", post(targets::extract_paper_targets))
+        .route("/target/list", get(targets::list_targets))
         // 天文星表查询路由（VizieR TAP + VO Cone Search）
-        .route("/catalog/vizier", get(handlers::vizier_query))
-        .route("/catalog/vizier/table", get(handlers::vizier_table))
-        .route("/catalog/cone", get(handlers::cone_search))
+        .route("/catalog/vizier", get(catalog::vizier_query))
+        .route("/catalog/vizier/table", get(catalog::vizier_table))
+        .route("/catalog/cone", get(catalog::cone_search))
         // 观测数据检索、下载与缓存管理（跨 LAMOST/Gaia/SDSS/DESI × 跨 Spectrum/LightCurve/Photometry）
-        .route("/observation/search", get(handlers::observation_search))
+        .route("/observation/search", get(observation::observation_search))
         .route(
             "/observation/download",
-            post(handlers::observation_download),
+            post(observation::observation_download),
         )
         .route(
             "/observation/capabilities",
-            get(handlers::observation_capabilities),
+            get(observation::observation_capabilities),
+        )
+        .route("/observation/list", get(observation::observation_list))
+        .route(
+            "/observation/preview",
+            get(observation::observation_preview),
         )
-        .route("/observation/list", get(handlers::observation_list))
-        .route("/observation/preview", get(handlers::observation_preview))
         // 多目标统一全源检索（跨目标 × 跨源并发 cone → 聚合候选源）
         .route(
             "/observation/unified/search",
-            post(handlers::unified_search),
+            post(observation::unified_search),
         )
         .route(
             "/observation/unified/resolve",
-            post(handlers::unified_resolve),
+            post(observation::unified_resolve),
         )
         // 智能体路由
-        .route("/chat/agent", post(handlers::chat_agent))
-        .route("/chat/modes", get(handlers::get_agent_modes))
-        .route("/chat/metrics", get(handlers::get_agent_metrics))
-        .route("/chat/sessions", get(handlers::list_sessions))
+        .route("/chat/agent", post(agent::chat_agent))
+        .route("/chat/modes", get(agent::get_agent_modes))
+        .route("/chat/tools", get(agent::get_agent_tools))
+        .route("/chat/metrics", get(agent::get_agent_metrics))
+        .route("/chat/sessions", get(agent::list_sessions))
         .route(
             "/chat/sessions/:id",
-            get(handlers::get_session).delete(handlers::delete_session),
+            get(agent::get_session).delete(agent::delete_session),
         )
-        .route("/chat/sessions/:id/stop", post(handlers::stop_agent))
-        .route("/chat/sessions/:id/audit", get(handlers::get_session_audit))
-        .route("/chat/sessions/:id/branch", post(handlers::branch_session))
-        .route("/chat/sessions/:id/retry", post(handlers::retry_session))
-        .route("/chat/sessions/:id/rewind", post(handlers::rewind_session))
+        .route("/chat/sessions/:id/stop", post(agent::stop_agent))
+        .route("/chat/sessions/:id/audit", get(agent::get_session_audit))
+        .route("/chat/sessions/:id/branch", post(agent::branch_session))
+        .route("/chat/sessions/:id/retry", post(agent::retry_session))
+        .route("/chat/sessions/:id/rewind", post(agent::rewind_session))
         .route(
             "/chat/sessions/:id/rewind/restore",
-            post(handlers::restore_rewound_session),
+            post(agent::restore_rewound_session),
         )
-        .route("/chat/questions", get(handlers::get_pending_questions))
-        .route("/chat/answer", post(handlers::answer_question))
+        .route("/chat/questions", get(agent::get_pending_questions))
+        .route("/chat/answer", post(agent::answer_question))
         .route(
             "/chat/sessions/:id/permissions",
-            get(handlers::get_pending_permissions),
+            get(agent::get_pending_permissions),
         )
         .route(
             "/chat/sessions/:id/permissions/respond",
-            post(handlers::respond_permission),
+            post(agent::respond_permission),
         )
         .route(
             "/chat/sessions/:id/permissions/rules",
-            get(handlers::list_permission_rules).post(handlers::update_permission_rules),
+            get(permissions::list_permission_rules).post(permissions::update_permission_rules),
         )
         .route(
             "/chat/sessions/:id/permissions/mode",
-            axum::routing::put(handlers::update_permission_mode),
+            axum::routing::put(permissions::update_permission_mode),
         )
-        .route("/auth/logout", post(handlers::logout))
-        .route("/auth/check", get(handlers::check_auth))
+        .route("/auth/logout", post(auth::logout))
+        .route("/auth/check", get(auth::check_auth))
         .route_layer(axum::middleware::from_fn_with_state(
             app_state.clone(),
             astroresearch::api::auth::auth_middleware,
@@ -535,7 +553,7 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     ));
 
     let protected_files = Router::new()
-        .fallback_service(ServeDir::new(&config.library_dir))
+        .fallback_service(ServeDir::new(&config.storage.library_dir))
         .layer(axum::middleware::from_fn(pdf_inline_middleware))
         .layer(axum::middleware::from_fn_with_state(
             app_state.clone(),
@@ -595,17 +613,29 @@ async fn pdf_inline_middleware(
     next: axum::middleware::Next,
 ) -> Result<axum::response::Response<axum::body::Body>, axum::http::StatusCode> {
     let original_path = req.uri().path().to_string();
-    let is_pdf = original_path.to_lowercase().ends_with(".pdf");
+    // 简单解码常见 URL 编码（%2F → /, %2E → .），避免编码字符导致误判
+    let is_pdf = original_path
+        .replace("%2F", "/")
+        .replace("%2E", ".")
+        .to_lowercase()
+        .ends_with(".pdf");
 
     let mut response = next.run(req).await;
 
     if is_pdf && response.status().is_success() {
-        // 使用原始路径提取文件名（保留大小写）
-        let filename = std::path::Path::new(&original_path)
-            .file_name()
-            .and_then(|n| n.to_str())
-            .unwrap_or("document.pdf")
-            .replace('"', "_");
+        // 从路径提取文件名（保留大小写），过滤危险字符
+        let raw_name = original_path.rsplit('/').next().unwrap_or("document.pdf");
+
+        // 仅保留 ASCII 可打印字符（0x20-0x7E），排除 " 和 \ 防止头注入
+        let filename: String = raw_name
+            .chars()
+            .filter(|c| *c >= ' ' && *c <= '~' && *c != '"' && *c != '\\')
+            .collect();
+        let filename = if filename.is_empty() {
+            "document.pdf"
+        } else {
+            &filename
+        };
 
         // 强行设置 Content-Type 为 application/pdf
         response.headers_mut().insert(
diff --git a/src/services/batch/asset/helpers.rs b/src/services/batch/asset/helpers.rs
index 047221b..4b2e4c8 100644
--- a/src/services/batch/asset/helpers.rs
+++ b/src/services/batch/asset/helpers.rs
@@ -40,11 +40,11 @@ pub(super) async fn run_download_step(
 
     let is_pdf_exist = pdf_path
         .as_ref()
-        .map(|p| config.library_dir.join(p).exists())
+        .map(|p| config.storage.library_dir.join(p).exists())
         .unwrap_or(false);
     let is_html_exist = html_path
         .as_ref()
-        .map(|p| config.library_dir.join(p).exists())
+        .map(|p| config.storage.library_dir.join(p).exists())
         .unwrap_or(false);
 
     if is_pdf_exist || is_html_exist {
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ pub(super) async fn run_download_step(
 
     let (pdf_res, html_res) = if !arxiv_id.is_empty() {
         let res = downloader
-            .download_arxiv_direct(arxiv_id, &config.library_dir)
+            .download_arxiv_direct(arxiv_id, &config.storage.library_dir)
             .await;
         if res.0.is_ok() || res.1.is_ok() {
             res
@@ -85,20 +85,20 @@ pub(super) async fn run_download_step(
             }
             let doi_opt = if !doi.is_empty() { Some(doi) } else { None };
             downloader
-                .download_paper(bibcode, doi_opt, &config.library_dir)
+                .download_paper(bibcode, doi_opt, &config.storage.library_dir)
                 .await
         }
     } else {
         let doi_opt = if !doi.is_empty() { Some(doi) } else { None };
         downloader
-            .download_paper(bibcode, doi_opt, &config.library_dir)
+            .download_paper(bibcode, doi_opt, &config.storage.library_dir)
             .await
     };
 
     if pdf_res.is_ok() || html_res.is_ok() {
         let pdf_rel = match pdf_res {
             Ok(p) => Some(
-                p.strip_prefix(&config.library_dir)
+                p.strip_prefix(&config.storage.library_dir)
                     .unwrap_or(&p)
                     .to_string_lossy()
                     .to_string(),
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ pub(super) async fn run_download_step(
         };
         let html_rel = match html_res {
             Ok(p) => Some(
-                p.strip_prefix(&config.library_dir)
+                p.strip_prefix(&config.storage.library_dir)
                     .unwrap_or(&p)
                     .to_string_lossy()
                     .to_string(),
@@ -226,7 +226,11 @@ pub(super) async fn write_markdown_and_update_db(
     content: &str,
 ) -> Option<String> {
     let md_filename = format!("{}.md", bibcode);
-    let md_dest = config.library_dir.join("Markdown").join(&md_filename);
+    let md_dest = config
+        .storage
+        .library_dir
+        .join("Markdown")
+        .join(&md_filename);
     if let Some(parent) = md_dest.parent() {
         let _ = tokio::fs::create_dir_all(parent).await;
     }
diff --git a/src/services/batch/asset/mod.rs b/src/services/batch/asset/mod.rs
index 69bb371..2e54c30 100644
--- a/src/services/batch/asset/mod.rs
+++ b/src/services/batch/asset/mod.rs
@@ -94,9 +94,9 @@ impl AssetBatch {
     ) {
         tokio::spawn(async move {
             let llm_client = match crate::clients::llm::LlmClient::new(
-                config.llm_medium_api_key.clone(),
-                config.llm_medium_api_base.clone(),
-                config.llm_medium_model.clone(),
+                config.llm.medium_api_key.clone(),
+                config.llm.medium_api_base.clone(),
+                config.llm.medium_model.clone(),
             ) {
                 Ok(c) => c,
                 Err(e) => {
@@ -108,9 +108,9 @@ impl AssetBatch {
                 }
             };
             let embedding_client = match crate::clients::llm::EmbeddingClient::new(
-                config.embedding_api_key.clone(),
-                config.embedding_api_base.clone(),
-                config.embedding_model.clone(),
+                config.embedding.api_key.clone(),
+                config.embedding.api_base.clone(),
+                config.embedding.model.clone(),
             ) {
                 Ok(c) => c,
                 Err(e) => {
@@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ mod tests {
         .await?;
 
         let mut config = Config::from_env();
-        config.library_dir = temp_dir.clone();
+        config.storage.library_dir = temp_dir.clone();
 
         let downloader = Arc::new(Downloader::new().expect("Failed to create downloader in test"));
         let qiniu = Arc::new(QiniuClient::new(
@@ -590,7 +590,7 @@ mod tests {
         .await?;
 
         let mut config = Config::from_env();
-        config.library_dir = temp_dir.clone();
+        config.storage.library_dir = temp_dir.clone();
 
         let downloader = Arc::new(Downloader::new().expect("Failed to create downloader in test"));
         let qiniu = Arc::new(QiniuClient::new(
diff --git a/src/services/batch/asset/process.rs b/src/services/batch/asset/process.rs
index 1f6628f..479bd80 100644
--- a/src/services/batch/asset/process.rs
+++ b/src/services/batch/asset/process.rs
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ pub(super) async fn process_single_bibcode(
     if action == BatchAction::Parse || action == BatchAction::All {
         let is_md_exist = markdown_path
             .as_ref()
-            .map(|p| config.library_dir.join(p).exists())
+            .map(|p| config.storage.library_dir.join(p).exists())
             .unwrap_or(false);
         if !is_md_exist {
             if pdf_path.is_some() || html_path.is_some() {
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ pub(super) async fn process_single_bibcode(
 
                 // 策略 1：HTML 优先
                 if let Some(html_rel) = &html_path {
-                    let html_abs = config.library_dir.join(html_rel);
+                    let html_abs = config.storage.library_dir.join(html_rel);
                     if html_abs.exists() {
                         if let Ok(md) = crate::services::parser::html_to_markdown(&html_abs) {
                             if let Some(parsed_md) =
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ pub(super) async fn process_single_bibcode(
                 } else {
                     // HTML 解析失败或无 HTML，执行 PDF 回退（异步非阻塞提交 MinerU）
                     if let Some(pdf_rel) = &pdf_path {
-                        let pdf_abs = config.library_dir.join(pdf_rel);
+                        let pdf_abs = config.storage.library_dir.join(pdf_rel);
                         if pdf_abs.exists() {
                             // 检查是否已经是 mineru_batch: 状态
                             let existing_batch_id = markdown_path
@@ -387,12 +387,12 @@ pub(super) async fn process_single_bibcode(
     if action == BatchAction::Translate {
         let is_tr_exist = translation_path
             .as_ref()
-            .map(|p| config.library_dir.join(p).exists() && !p.starts_with("error:"))
+            .map(|p| config.storage.library_dir.join(p).exists() && !p.starts_with("error:"))
             .unwrap_or(false);
         if !is_tr_exist {
             if let Some(md_rel) = &markdown_path {
                 if !md_rel.starts_with("error:") {
-                    let md_abs = config.library_dir.join(md_rel);
+                    let md_abs = config.storage.library_dir.join(md_rel);
                     if md_abs.exists() {
                         {
                             let mut s = status.lock().await;
@@ -411,6 +411,7 @@ pub(super) async fn process_single_bibcode(
                                     Ok(translated_markdown) => {
                                         let tr_filename = format!("{}.md", bibcode);
                                         let tr_dest = config
+                                            .storage
                                             .library_dir
                                             .join("Translation")
                                             .join(&tr_filename);
@@ -531,11 +532,11 @@ pub(super) async fn process_single_bibcode(
     if action == BatchAction::Embed {
         let is_md_exist = markdown_path
             .as_ref()
-            .map(|p| config.library_dir.join(p).exists() && !p.starts_with("error:"))
+            .map(|p| config.storage.library_dir.join(p).exists() && !p.starts_with("error:"))
             .unwrap_or(false);
         if is_md_exist {
             let md_rel = markdown_path.as_ref().unwrap();
-            let md_abs = config.library_dir.join(md_rel);
+            let md_abs = config.storage.library_dir.join(md_rel);
             {
                 let mut s = status.lock().await;
                 s.add_log(format!("文献 {} 开始进行向量化切片入库...", bibcode));
@@ -586,11 +587,11 @@ pub(super) async fn process_single_bibcode(
     if action == BatchAction::Target {
         let is_md_exist = markdown_path
             .as_ref()
-            .map(|p| config.library_dir.join(p).exists() && !p.starts_with("error:"))
+            .map(|p| config.storage.library_dir.join(p).exists() && !p.starts_with("error:"))
             .unwrap_or(false);
         if is_md_exist {
             let md_rel = markdown_path.as_ref().unwrap();
-            let md_abs = config.library_dir.join(md_rel);
+            let md_abs = config.storage.library_dir.join(md_rel);
             {
                 let mut s = status.lock().await;
                 s.add_log(format!("文献 {} 开始提取并识别天体目标...", bibcode));
diff --git a/src/services/batch/meta.rs b/src/services/batch/meta.rs
index 896ddcc..47af0c6 100644
--- a/src/services/batch/meta.rs
+++ b/src/services/batch/meta.rs
@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 use tokio::sync::Mutex;
 use tracing::{error, info, warn};
 
-use crate::api::handlers::{
-    convert_ads_doc_to_standard, convert_arxiv_to_standard, save_paper_to_db_tx,
-};
 use crate::clients::ads::AdsClient;
 use crate::clients::arxiv::ArxivClient;
+use crate::services::paper::{
+    convert_ads_doc_to_standard, convert_arxiv_to_standard, save_paper_to_db_tx,
+};
 
 // 批量元数据同步进度状态
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
diff --git a/src/services/citation.rs b/src/services/citation.rs
index 90d6654..14357cf 100644
--- a/src/services/citation.rs
+++ b/src/services/citation.rs
@@ -221,22 +221,28 @@ async fn resolve_paper_from_db_or_ads(
     ads_api_key: &str,
     ads_client: &crate::clients::ads::AdsClient,
     bibcode: &str,
-) -> anyhow::Result<StandardPaper> {
+) -> Result<StandardPaper, crate::services::error::ServiceError> {
     match crate::services::paper::get_paper_from_db(db, library_dir, bibcode).await {
         Ok(p) => Ok(p),
         Err(_) => {
             if ads_api_key.is_empty() {
-                anyhow::bail!(
+                return Err(crate::services::error::ServiceError::not_found(format!(
                     "本地数据库未收录该文献，且未配置 ADS_API_KEY，无法在线加载: {}",
                     bibcode
-                );
+                )));
             }
             let docs = ads_client
                 .search(&format!("bibcode:{}", bibcode), 0, 1, "relevance")
-                .await?;
-            let doc = docs
-                .first()
-                .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("在本地库及 ADS 中均未找到该文献: {}", bibcode))?;
+                .await
+                .map_err(|e| {
+                    crate::services::error::ServiceError::external(format!("ADS 查询失败: {}", e))
+                })?;
+            let doc = docs.first().ok_or_else(|| {
+                crate::services::error::ServiceError::not_found(format!(
+                    "在本地库及 ADS 中均未找到该文献: {}",
+                    bibcode
+                ))
+            })?;
             let paper = crate::services::paper::convert_ads_doc_to_standard(doc);
             if let Err(e) = crate::services::paper::save_paper_to_db(db, &paper).await {
                 tracing::warn!("保存引用文献至数据库失败: {}", e);
@@ -329,7 +335,7 @@ pub async fn get_citation_network_with_fallback(
     ads_api_key: &str,
     ads_client: &crate::clients::ads::AdsClient,
     bibcode: &str,
-) -> anyhow::Result<CitationNetworkResult> {
+) -> Result<CitationNetworkResult, crate::services::error::ServiceError> {
     let paper =
         resolve_paper_from_db_or_ads(db, library_dir, ads_api_key, ads_client, bibcode).await?;
 
diff --git a/src/services/download/mod.rs b/src/services/download/mod.rs
index 20cb194..1240276 100644
--- a/src/services/download/mod.rs
+++ b/src/services/download/mod.rs
@@ -417,14 +417,13 @@ impl Downloader {
                 bibcode
             );
 
-            let pdf_db_err = format!("error: {}", pdf_err);
-            let html_db_err = format!("error: {}", html_err);
-            let _ = sqlx::query("UPDATE papers SET pdf_path = ?, html_path = ? WHERE bibcode = ?")
-                .bind(&pdf_db_err)
-                .bind(&html_db_err)
-                .bind(bibcode)
-                .execute(db)
-                .await;
+            // 下载失败时路径设为 NULL（错误信息已通过 Err 返回给调用方）
+            let _ = sqlx::query(
+                "UPDATE papers SET pdf_path = NULL, html_path = NULL WHERE bibcode = ?",
+            )
+            .bind(bibcode)
+            .execute(db)
+            .await;
 
             return Err(anyhow::anyhow!(
                 "下载失败。PDF: {}, HTML: {}",
diff --git a/src/services/error.rs b/src/services/error.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..885973f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/services/error.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+// src/services/error.rs
+//
+// 服务层结构化错误类型。
+// 替代散落在各 handler 中的 msg.contains() 字符串匹配分类逻辑。
+
+use thiserror::Error;
+
+/// 服务层统一错误类型。
+#[derive(Debug, Error)]
+pub enum ServiceError {
+    /// 资源不存在（映射为 HTTP 404）
+    #[error("资源不存在: {0}")]
+    NotFound(String),
+
+    /// 资源尚未就绪/未完成前置步骤（映射为 HTTP 400）
+    #[error("资源尚未就绪: {0}")]
+    NotReady(String),
+
+    /// 输入参数无效（映射为 HTTP 400）
+    #[error("输入无效: {0}")]
+    InvalidInput(String),
+
+    /// 外部服务/依赖错误（映射为 HTTP 502）
+    #[error("外部服务错误: {0}")]
+    External(String),
+
+    /// 兜底内部错误（映射为 HTTP 500）
+    #[error(transparent)]
+    Other(#[from] anyhow::Error),
+}
+
+impl ServiceError {
+    pub fn not_found(msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
+        ServiceError::NotFound(msg.into())
+    }
+
+    pub fn not_ready(msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
+        ServiceError::NotReady(msg.into())
+    }
+
+    pub fn invalid_input(msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
+        ServiceError::InvalidInput(msg.into())
+    }
+
+    pub fn external(msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
+        ServiceError::External(msg.into())
+    }
+}
+
+/// 允许 `?` 自动将 `std::io::Error` 转换为 `ServiceError::Other`。
+impl From<std::io::Error> for ServiceError {
+    fn from(e: std::io::Error) -> Self {
+        ServiceError::Other(e.into())
+    }
+}
+
+/// 允许 `?` 自动将 `sqlx::Error` 转换为 `ServiceError`。
+impl From<sqlx::Error> for ServiceError {
+    fn from(e: sqlx::Error) -> Self {
+        match e {
+            sqlx::Error::RowNotFound => ServiceError::NotFound("资源不存在".to_string()),
+            other => ServiceError::Other(other.into()),
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/services/mod.rs b/src/services/mod.rs
index eb47157..c401c13 100644
--- a/src/services/mod.rs
+++ b/src/services/mod.rs
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ pub mod cds;
 pub mod chunker;
 pub mod citation;
 pub mod download;
+pub mod error;
 pub mod logging;
 pub mod note;
 pub mod observation;
diff --git a/src/services/observation/desi.rs b/src/services/observation/desi.rs
index b3f75fe..6d86f8c 100644
--- a/src/services/observation/desi.rs
+++ b/src/services/observation/desi.rs
@@ -141,7 +141,11 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for DesiSpectrumFetcher {
     ) -> Result<Vec<Candidate>> {
         validate_cone_params(ra, dec, radius_deg)?;
         let rel = parse_desi_release(release)?;
-        let result = state.desi.cone_search(ra, dec, radius_deg, 50, rel).await?;
+        let result = state
+            .sources
+            .desi
+            .cone_search(ra, dec, radius_deg, 50, rel)
+            .await?;
         Ok(result.rows.iter().map(row_to_candidate).collect())
     }
 
@@ -237,7 +241,7 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for DesiSpectrumFetcher {
             if let Some((artifacts, meta)) =
                 fetch_observation_cache(&state.db, Source::Desi, &product, &cache_key).await?
             {
-                if cached_files_total_size(&state.config.library_dir, &artifacts)
+                if cached_files_total_size(&state.config.storage.library_dir, &artifacts)
                     .await
                     .is_some()
                 {
@@ -258,6 +262,7 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for DesiSpectrumFetcher {
         // 2) 下载 coadd FITS（无压缩）
         tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(50)).await;
         let fits_bytes = state
+            .sources
             .desi
             .download_coadd(survey, program, healpix, rel)
             .await?;
@@ -268,7 +273,7 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for DesiSpectrumFetcher {
             program = program,
             healpix = healpix
         );
-        let size = persist_bytes(&state.config.library_dir, &rel_path, &fits_bytes).await?;
+        let size = persist_bytes(&state.config.storage.library_dir, &rel_path, &fits_bytes).await?;
         info!(
             "[DESI] coadd 已保存 {} → {} ({}B)",
             cache_key, rel_path, size
diff --git a/src/services/observation/dispatch.rs b/src/services/observation/dispatch.rs
index 64a63da..88a78b3 100644
--- a/src/services/observation/dispatch.rs
+++ b/src/services/observation/dispatch.rs
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ pub async fn search_observation(
     radius_deg: f64,
     release: Option<&str>,
     version: Option<&str>,
-) -> Result<Vec<Candidate>> {
+) -> Result<Vec<Candidate>, crate::services::error::ServiceError> {
     let subtype = product.subtype.as_deref();
     let fetcher = registry.get(source, product.product, subtype)?;
     info!(
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ pub async fn download_observation(
     registry: &ObservationRegistry,
     request: &ObservationRequest,
     force: bool,
-) -> Result<ObservationBatch> {
+) -> Result<ObservationBatch, crate::services::error::ServiceError> {
     match request {
         ObservationRequest::ByCoordinates {
             source,
@@ -63,41 +63,39 @@ pub async fn download_observation(
             strategy,
             release,
             version,
-        } => {
-            download_by_coordinates(
-                state,
-                registry,
-                *source,
-                product,
-                *ra,
-                *dec,
-                *radius_deg,
-                *strategy,
-                release.as_deref(),
-                version.as_deref(),
-                force,
-            )
-            .await
-        }
+        } => download_by_coordinates(
+            state,
+            registry,
+            *source,
+            product,
+            *ra,
+            *dec,
+            *radius_deg,
+            *strategy,
+            release.as_deref(),
+            version.as_deref(),
+            force,
+        )
+        .await
+        .map_err(crate::services::error::ServiceError::Other),
         ObservationRequest::ByIdentifier {
             source,
             product,
             identifiers,
             release,
             version,
-        } => {
-            download_by_identifiers(
-                state,
-                registry,
-                *source,
-                product,
-                identifiers,
-                release.as_deref(),
-                version.as_deref(),
-                force,
-            )
-            .await
-        }
+        } => download_by_identifiers(
+            state,
+            registry,
+            *source,
+            product,
+            identifiers,
+            release.as_deref(),
+            version.as_deref(),
+            force,
+        )
+        .await
+        .map_err(crate::services::error::ServiceError::Other),
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/services/observation/gaia.rs b/src/services/observation/gaia.rs
index 1cc4560..8ff8111 100644
--- a/src/services/observation/gaia.rs
+++ b/src/services/observation/gaia.rs
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ async fn download_gaia_product(
         if let Some((artifacts, meta)) =
             fetch_observation_cache(&state.db, Source::Gaia, &product, &cache_key).await?
         {
-            if cached_files_total_size(&state.config.library_dir, &artifacts)
+            if cached_files_total_size(&state.config.storage.library_dir, &artifacts)
                 .await
                 .is_some()
             {
@@ -158,9 +158,9 @@ async fn download_gaia_product(
                     .into_iter()
                     .map(|mut a| {
                         if a.size_bytes == 0 {
-                            if let Ok(m) =
-                                std::fs::metadata(state.config.library_dir.join(&a.file_path))
-                            {
+                            if let Ok(m) = std::fs::metadata(
+                                state.config.storage.library_dir.join(&a.file_path),
+                            ) {
                                 a.size_bytes = m.len() as usize;
                             }
                         }
@@ -186,6 +186,7 @@ async fn download_gaia_product(
     // 2) DataLink 下载 ZIP + 解包取**全部**文件（修复 EPOCH_PHOTOMETRY 多文件丢失）
     tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(50)).await;
     let zip_bytes = state
+        .sources
         .gaia
         .download_products(&[source_id.to_string()], retrieval_type, "fits")
         .await?;
@@ -212,7 +213,12 @@ async fn download_gaia_product(
                 ext = ext_file.ext
             )
         };
-        let size = persist_bytes(&state.config.library_dir, &rel_path, &ext_file.bytes).await?;
+        let size = persist_bytes(
+            &state.config.storage.library_dir,
+            &rel_path,
+            &ext_file.bytes,
+        )
+        .await?;
         info!("[Gaia] 已保存 {} ({}B) → {}", ext_file.name, size, rel_path);
         artifacts.push(Artifact {
             band: parse_band_from_name(&ext_file.name),
@@ -381,6 +387,7 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for GaiaSpectrumFetcher {
         validate_cone_params(ra, dec, radius_deg)?;
         let rel = parse_gaia_release(_release)?;
         let result = state
+            .sources
             .gaia
             .cone_search(ra, dec, radius_deg, 50, true, rel)
             .await?;
@@ -494,6 +501,7 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for GaiaLightCurveFetcher {
         validate_cone_params(ra, dec, radius_deg)?;
         let rel = parse_gaia_release(_release)?;
         let result = state
+            .sources
             .gaia
             .cone_search(ra, dec, radius_deg, 50, false, rel)
             .await?;
diff --git a/src/services/observation/lamost.rs b/src/services/observation/lamost.rs
index 74f6a2a..566cba4 100644
--- a/src/services/observation/lamost.rs
+++ b/src/services/observation/lamost.rs
@@ -323,6 +323,7 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for LamostSpectrumFetcher {
             ));
         }
         let result = state
+            .sources
             .lamost
             .cone_search(ra, dec, radius_deg, rel, &ver, res)
             .await?;
@@ -418,7 +419,7 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for LamostSpectrumFetcher {
             if let Some((artifacts, meta)) =
                 fetch_observation_cache(&state.db, Source::Lamost, &product, &cache_key).await?
             {
-                if cached_files_total_size(&state.config.library_dir, &artifacts)
+                if cached_files_total_size(&state.config.storage.library_dir, &artifacts)
                     .await
                     .is_some()
                 {
@@ -441,7 +442,7 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for LamostSpectrumFetcher {
 
         // 2) 下载 + 解压
         tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(50)).await;
-        let gz_bytes = state.lamost.download_fits(obsid, rel, &ver).await?;
+        let gz_bytes = state.sources.lamost.download_fits(obsid, rel, &ver).await?;
         let fits_bytes = decompress_if_gzip(&gz_bytes)?;
 
         // 3) 落盘
@@ -452,7 +453,7 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for LamostSpectrumFetcher {
             ver = ver,
             obsid = obsid
         );
-        let size = persist_bytes(&state.config.library_dir, &rel_path, &fits_bytes).await?;
+        let size = persist_bytes(&state.config.storage.library_dir, &rel_path, &fits_bytes).await?;
         info!(
             "[LAMOST] FITS 已保存 obsid={} → {} ({}B)",
             obsid, rel_path, size
diff --git a/src/services/observation/photometry.rs b/src/services/observation/photometry.rs
index 62520e0..7b3f271 100644
--- a/src/services/observation/photometry.rs
+++ b/src/services/observation/photometry.rs
@@ -184,14 +184,26 @@ macro_rules! vizier_photometry_fetcher {
                 _subtype: Option<&str>,
                 _version: Option<&str>,
             ) -> Result<Candidate> {
+                let id = identifier.trim();
+                let mut ra = None;
+                let mut dec = None;
+                // 尝试解析 ra_dec 格式（例如 331.993066_-2.006009）
+                if let Some(pos) = id.find('_') {
+                    let ra_str = &id[..pos];
+                    let dec_str = &id[pos + 1..];
+                    if let (Ok(r), Ok(d)) = (ra_str.parse::<f64>(), dec_str.parse::<f64>()) {
+                        ra = Some(r);
+                        dec = Some(d);
+                    }
+                }
                 Ok(Candidate {
                     source: $cfg.source,
-                    source_id: identifier.trim().to_string(),
-                    label: format!("{} {}", $cfg.source.display(), identifier.trim()),
-                    ra: None,
-                    dec: None,
+                    source_id: id.to_string(),
+                    label: format!("{} {}", $cfg.source.display(), id),
+                    ra,
+                    dec,
                     distance: None,
-                    raw: Some(serde_json::json!({"designation": identifier.trim()})),
+                    raw: Some(serde_json::json!({"designation": id})),
                 })
             }
 
@@ -251,7 +263,7 @@ async fn vizier_photometry_cone_search(
         radius_deg
     );
     tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(50)).await;
-    let result = query_adql(&state.vizier, &adql, 50).await?;
+    let result = query_adql(&state.sources.vizier, &adql, 50).await?;
     let mut candidates = Vec::with_capacity(result.rows.len());
     for (i, row) in result.rows.iter().enumerate() {
         let get = |key: &str| -> Option<&Value> {
@@ -340,7 +352,7 @@ async fn vizier_photometry_fetch(
         dec = dec,
     );
     tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(50)).await;
-    let result = query_adql(&state.vizier, &adql, 1).await?;
+    let result = query_adql(&state.sources.vizier, &adql, 1).await?;
     let row = result.rows.first().ok_or_else(|| {
         anyhow!(
             "{} 在 ({:.4},{:.4}) 无测光数据",
@@ -358,7 +370,7 @@ async fn vizier_photometry_fetch(
         cfg.source.as_str(),
         safe_id
     );
-    let size = persist_bytes(&state.config.library_dir, &rel_path, csv.as_bytes()).await?;
+    let size = persist_bytes(&state.config.storage.library_dir, &rel_path, csv.as_bytes()).await?;
     info!(
         "[{}] 测光 CSV 已保存 → {} ({}B)",
         cfg.source.display(),
@@ -447,6 +459,7 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for GaiaPhotometryFetcher {
     ) -> Result<Vec<Candidate>> {
         // 复用 GaiaClient cone_search（查 gaia_source），所有源都有测光
         let result = state
+            .sources
             .gaia
             .cone_search(
                 ra,
@@ -525,10 +538,10 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for GaiaPhotometryFetcher {
             source_id
         );
         tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(50)).await;
-        // VizieR 镜像 gaiadr3（I/355），可直接查 source_id
-        let result = query_adql(&state.vizier, &adql, 1).await?;
+        // 查官方 Gaia TAP 服务器而非 VizieR
+        let result = state.sources.gaia.query_tap(&adql).await?;
         let row = result
-            .rows
+            .data
             .first()
             .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Gaia source_id={} 无测光数据", source_id))?;
 
@@ -541,9 +554,9 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for GaiaPhotometryFetcher {
         let mut csv = String::from("band,magnitude\n");
         let get = |key: &str| -> Option<f64> {
             result
-                .fields
+                .metadata
                 .iter()
-                .position(|f| f.name.eq_ignore_ascii_case(key))
+                .position(|m| m.name.eq_ignore_ascii_case(key))
                 .and_then(|i| row.get(i))
                 .and_then(|v| v.as_f64())
         };
@@ -555,7 +568,8 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for GaiaPhotometryFetcher {
             }
         }
         let rel_path = format!("Telescope/gaia/photometry/{}.csv", source_id);
-        let size = persist_bytes(&state.config.library_dir, &rel_path, csv.as_bytes()).await?;
+        let size =
+            persist_bytes(&state.config.storage.library_dir, &rel_path, csv.as_bytes()).await?;
         let artifact = Artifact {
             band: None,
             original_name: None,
@@ -653,6 +667,25 @@ fn build_photometry_csv(
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
 
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_photometry_resolve_identifier_coords() {
+        let fetcher = TwomassPhotometryFetcher;
+        let cand = fetcher
+            .resolve_identifier("331.993066_-2.006009", None, None, None)
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(cand.ra, Some(331.993066));
+        assert_eq!(cand.dec, Some(-2.006009));
+
+        // 如果不是坐标格式，ra/dec 应该为 None
+        let cand2 = fetcher
+            .resolve_identifier("2MASS J12345678+1234567", None, None, None)
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(cand2.ra, None);
+        assert_eq!(cand2.dec, None);
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn test_build_photometry_csv_2mass() {
         use crate::clients::cds::vizier::FieldInfo;
diff --git a/src/services/observation/preview.rs b/src/services/observation/preview.rs
index 7f49088..796bc94 100644
--- a/src/services/observation/preview.rs
+++ b/src/services/observation/preview.rs
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ pub async fn build_preview(
         .unwrap_or(0)
         .min(artifacts.len().saturating_sub(1));
     let artifact = &artifacts[idx];
-    let abs_path = state.config.library_dir.join(&artifact.file_path);
+    let abs_path = state.config.storage.library_dir.join(&artifact.file_path);
     if !Path::new(&abs_path).exists() {
         return Err(anyhow!("FITS 文件不存在于磁盘: {}", abs_path.display()));
     }
@@ -481,14 +481,23 @@ fn parse_apogee(path: &Path, subtype: &str) -> Result<SpectrumPreview> {
     let mut f = FitsFile::open(path).context("打开 APOGEE FITS 失败")?;
     let hdu = f.hdu(1).context("读取 HDU1 失败")?;
     let n_pixels = match hdu.info {
-        HduInfo::ImageInfo { ref shape, .. } => shape.first().copied().unwrap_or(0),
+        HduInfo::ImageInfo { ref shape, .. } => shape.last().copied().unwrap_or(0),
         _ => return Err(anyhow!("APOGEE HDU1 非 image")),
     };
     // 读行0（combined spectrum）
-    let row0: Vec<f32> = hdu
-        .read_rows(&mut f, 0, 1)
-        .context("读取 combined 行失败")?;
-    let flux = row0;
+    // 由于 fitsio 库在 Image HDU 上调用 read_rows 会直接 panic: not implemented，
+    // 我们改为通过 read_image 读取完整 image 后进行切片。
+    let all: Vec<f32> = hdu
+        .read_image(&mut f)
+        .context("读取 combined image 数据失败")?;
+    if all.len() < n_pixels {
+        return Err(anyhow!(
+            "APOGEE image 数据不足: {} < {}",
+            all.len(),
+            n_pixels
+        ));
+    }
+    let flux = all[0..n_pixels].to_vec();
     // 波长从 header 还原
     let crval1 = hdu.read_key::<f64>(&mut f, "CRVAL1").unwrap_or(4.179f64);
     let cdelt1 = hdu.read_key::<f64>(&mut f, "CDELT1").unwrap_or(6e-6f64);
@@ -617,10 +626,29 @@ fn parse_desi_coadd(path: &Path, source_id: &str) -> Result<SpectrumPreview> {
 
         let flux_hdu = f.hdu(flux_ext).context(format!("读取 {} 失败", flux_ext))?;
         let n_wave = wave.len();
-        // 2D image (n_targets, n_wave)，读目标行
-        let row_flux: Vec<f32> = flux_hdu
-            .read_rows(&mut f, target_row, 1)
-            .context(format!("读取 {} 行{} 失败", flux_ext, target_row))?;
+        // 2D image (n_targets, n_wave)，读目标行。
+        // 由于 fitsio 库在 Image HDU 上调用 read_rows 会直接 panic: not implemented，
+        // 我们改为通过 read_image 读取完整 image 后按 shape 进行切片。
+        let all: Vec<f32> = flux_hdu
+            .read_image(&mut f)
+            .context(format!("读取 {} image 数据失败", flux_ext))?;
+        let shape = match flux_hdu.info {
+            fitsio::hdu::HduInfo::ImageInfo { ref shape, .. } => shape.clone(),
+            _ => return Err(anyhow!("DESI {} 非 image", flux_ext)),
+        };
+        // shape = (n_targets, n_wave)，取第二维作为每行宽度
+        let n_cols = shape.get(1).copied().unwrap_or(n_wave);
+        let start = target_row * n_cols;
+        let end = start + n_cols;
+        if all.len() < end {
+            return Err(anyhow!(
+                "DESI {} 数据量不足，无法获取目标行: {} < {}",
+                flux_ext,
+                all.len(),
+                end
+            ));
+        }
+        let row_flux = all[start..end].to_vec();
         if row_flux.len() != n_wave {
             return Err(anyhow!(
                 "{} flux 长度 {} != wavelength 长度 {}",
@@ -783,12 +811,122 @@ mod tests {
         if !path.exists() {
             return;
         }
-        let preview = parse_sdss_spec(path).unwrap();
+        let mut preview = parse_sdss_spec(path).unwrap();
+        for seg in preview.segments.iter_mut() {
+            if seg.wavelength.len() > MAX_PREVIEW_POINTS {
+                downsample_segment(seg, MAX_PREVIEW_POINTS);
+            }
+        }
         let seg = &preview.segments[0];
-        assert!(seg.wavelength.len() > 1000);
-        assert_eq!(seg.wavelength.len(), seg.flux.len());
-        // loglam 还原后应在光学波段
-        assert!(seg.wavelength[0] > 3000.0 && seg.wavelength[0] < 4000.0);
+        let nan_count = seg.flux.iter().filter(|f| f.is_nan()).count();
+        let valid_count = seg
+            .flux
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|f| !f.is_nan() && f.is_finite())
+            .count();
+        println!("Wavelength length: {}", seg.wavelength.len());
+        println!("NaN count: {}, Valid count: {}", nan_count, valid_count);
+        println!(
+            "First 10 wavelengths: {:?}",
+            &seg.wavelength[..10.min(seg.wavelength.len())]
+        );
+        println!("First 10 fluxes: {:?}", &seg.flux[..10.min(seg.flux.len())]);
+        assert!(seg.wavelength.len() > 0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    #[ignore = "需要 library/ 下真实 FITS 样本"]
+    fn test_parse_apogee() {
+        let path = Path::new("library/Telescope/sdss/dr17/apstar/2M22103698-0229146.fits");
+        if !path.exists() {
+            return;
+        }
+        let mut preview = parse_apogee(path, "apstar").unwrap();
+        for seg in preview.segments.iter_mut() {
+            if seg.wavelength.len() > MAX_PREVIEW_POINTS {
+                downsample_segment(seg, MAX_PREVIEW_POINTS);
+            }
+        }
+        let seg = &preview.segments[0];
+        let nan_count = seg.flux.iter().filter(|f| f.is_nan()).count();
+        let valid_count = seg
+            .flux
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|f| !f.is_nan() && f.is_finite())
+            .count();
+        println!("APOGEE Wavelength length: {}", seg.wavelength.len());
+        println!("NaN count: {}, Valid count: {}", nan_count, valid_count);
+        println!(
+            "APOGEE First 10 wavelengths: {:?}",
+            &seg.wavelength[..10.min(seg.wavelength.len())]
+        );
+        println!(
+            "APOGEE First 10 fluxes: {:?}",
+            &seg.flux[..10.min(seg.flux.len())]
+        );
+        assert!(seg.wavelength.len() > 0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    #[ignore = "需要 library/ 下真实 FITS 样本"]
+    fn test_parse_all_sdss() {
+        let paths = vec![
+            (
+                "spec",
+                "library/Telescope/sdss/dr17/spec/v5_13_2-4377-55828-0732.fits",
+            ),
+            (
+                "spec",
+                "library/Telescope/sdss/dr17/spec/v5_13_2-4379-55881-0314.fits",
+            ),
+            (
+                "apstar",
+                "library/Telescope/sdss/dr17/apstar/2M22103698-0229146.fits",
+            ),
+            (
+                "aspcap",
+                "library/Telescope/sdss/dr17/aspcap/2M22103698-0229146.fits",
+            ),
+        ];
+        for (subtype, path_str) in paths {
+            let path = Path::new(path_str);
+            if !path.exists() {
+                println!("File not found: {}", path_str);
+                continue;
+            }
+            let res = if subtype == "spec" {
+                parse_sdss_spec(path)
+            } else {
+                parse_apogee(path, subtype)
+            };
+            match res {
+                Ok(mut preview) => {
+                    for seg in preview.segments.iter_mut() {
+                        if seg.wavelength.len() > MAX_PREVIEW_POINTS {
+                            downsample_segment(seg, MAX_PREVIEW_POINTS);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    let seg = &preview.segments[0];
+                    let nan_count = seg.flux.iter().filter(|f| f.is_nan()).count();
+                    let valid_count = seg
+                        .flux
+                        .iter()
+                        .filter(|f| !f.is_nan() && f.is_finite())
+                        .count();
+                    println!(
+                        "FILE: {} | segs: {} | len: {} | NaN: {} | Valid: {}",
+                        path_str,
+                        preview.segments.len(),
+                        seg.wavelength.len(),
+                        nan_count,
+                        valid_count
+                    );
+                }
+                Err(e) => {
+                    println!("FILE: {} | FAILED: {:?}", path_str, e);
+                }
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     #[test]
diff --git a/src/services/observation/sdss.rs b/src/services/observation/sdss.rs
index eb7cb94..fe8c46e 100644
--- a/src/services/observation/sdss.rs
+++ b/src/services/observation/sdss.rs
@@ -152,7 +152,11 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for SdssSpectrumFetcher {
     ) -> Result<Vec<Candidate>> {
         validate_cone_params(ra, dec, radius_deg)?;
         let rel = parse_sdss_release(release)?;
-        let result = state.sdss.cone_search(ra, dec, radius_deg, 50, rel).await?;
+        let result = state
+            .sources
+            .sdss
+            .cone_search(ra, dec, radius_deg, 50, rel)
+            .await?;
         Ok(result.rows.iter().map(row_to_candidate).collect())
     }
 
@@ -236,7 +240,7 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for SdssSpectrumFetcher {
             if let Some((artifacts, meta)) =
                 fetch_observation_cache(&state.db, Source::Sdss, &product, &cache_key).await?
             {
-                if cached_files_total_size(&state.config.library_dir, &artifacts)
+                if cached_files_total_size(&state.config.storage.library_dir, &artifacts)
                     .await
                     .is_some()
                 {
@@ -257,6 +261,7 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for SdssSpectrumFetcher {
         // 2) SAS 下载（未压缩 FITS）+ 落盘
         tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(50)).await;
         let fits_bytes = state
+            .sources
             .sdss
             .download_fits(plate, mjd, fiberid, run2d, rel)
             .await?;
@@ -268,7 +273,7 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for SdssSpectrumFetcher {
             mjd = mjd,
             fiber = fiberid
         );
-        let size = persist_bytes(&state.config.library_dir, &rel_path, &fits_bytes).await?;
+        let size = persist_bytes(&state.config.storage.library_dir, &rel_path, &fits_bytes).await?;
         info!(
             "[SDSS] FITS 已保存 {} → {} ({}B)",
             cache_key, rel_path, size
@@ -373,6 +378,7 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for SdssApogeeFetcher {
         validate_cone_params(ra, dec, radius_deg)?;
         let rel = parse_sdss_release(release)?;
         let result = state
+            .sources
             .sdss
             .apogee_cone_search(ra, dec, radius_deg, 50, rel)
             .await?;
@@ -453,7 +459,7 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for SdssApogeeFetcher {
             if let Some((artifacts, meta)) =
                 fetch_observation_cache(&state.db, Source::Sdss, &product, &cache_key).await?
             {
-                if cached_files_total_size(&state.config.library_dir, &artifacts)
+                if cached_files_total_size(&state.config.storage.library_dir, &artifacts)
                     .await
                     .is_some()
                 {
@@ -474,6 +480,7 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for SdssApogeeFetcher {
         // 2) 下载 FITS（无压缩）
         tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(50)).await;
         let fits_bytes = state
+            .sources
             .sdss
             .download_apogee_fits(apogee_id, telescope, field, rel, dt)
             .await?;
@@ -484,7 +491,7 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for SdssApogeeFetcher {
             dt = dt,
             safe_id = safe_id
         );
-        let size = persist_bytes(&state.config.library_dir, &rel_path, &fits_bytes).await?;
+        let size = persist_bytes(&state.config.storage.library_dir, &rel_path, &fits_bytes).await?;
         info!("[APOGEE] 已保存 {} → {} ({}B)", cache_key, rel_path, size);
 
         let meta = serde_json::json!({
diff --git a/src/services/observation/tess.rs b/src/services/observation/tess.rs
index 5b19baf..05c6db9 100644
--- a/src/services/observation/tess.rs
+++ b/src/services/observation/tess.rs
@@ -51,7 +51,11 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for TessLightCurveFetcher {
         _subtype: Option<&str>,
         _version: Option<&str>,
     ) -> Result<Vec<Candidate>> {
-        let rows = state.mast.cone_search_tic(ra, dec, radius_deg, 50).await?;
+        let rows = state
+            .sources
+            .mast
+            .cone_search_tic(ra, dec, radius_deg, 50)
+            .await?;
         Ok(rows
             .iter()
             .map(|r| Candidate {
@@ -135,7 +139,7 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for TessLightCurveFetcher {
         }
 
         // 两阶段：查 product → 逐个下载 FITS
-        let products = state.mast.list_lightcurve_products(tic_id).await?;
+        let products = state.sources.mast.list_lightcurve_products(tic_id).await?;
         if products.is_empty() {
             return Err(anyhow!(
                 "TIC {} 无 TESS 光变产品（可能未被 2-min 观测覆盖）",
@@ -148,12 +152,17 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for TessLightCurveFetcher {
                 warn!("[TESS] sector={} 无下载 URL，跳过", prod.sector);
                 continue;
             }
-            let fits_bytes = state.mast.download_lightcurve_fits(&prod.data_url).await?;
+            let fits_bytes = state
+                .sources
+                .mast
+                .download_lightcurve_fits(&prod.data_url)
+                .await?;
             let rel_path = format!(
                 "Telescope/tess/lightcurve/{}_s{:02}.fits",
                 tic_id, prod.sector
             );
-            let size = persist_bytes(&state.config.library_dir, &rel_path, &fits_bytes).await?;
+            let size =
+                persist_bytes(&state.config.storage.library_dir, &rel_path, &fits_bytes).await?;
             info!(
                 "[TESS] 光变 FITS 已保存 tic={} sector={} → {} ({}B)",
                 tic_id, prod.sector, rel_path, size
diff --git a/src/services/observation/unified.rs b/src/services/observation/unified.rs
index 289be04..acd3454 100644
--- a/src/services/observation/unified.rs
+++ b/src/services/observation/unified.rs
@@ -28,9 +28,9 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use std::collections::BTreeMap;
 use tracing::{info, warn};
 
-/// 单目标最大命中数默认值（防爆炸）
+/// 单目标最大命中数默认值（默认仅检索并保留最近的 1 个源）
 fn default_per_target_limit() -> usize {
-    50
+    1
 }
 
 /// 默认检索半径（度）
@@ -54,6 +54,17 @@ pub struct TargetRequest {
     pub label: Option<String>,
 }
 
+/// 单个源检索规格（含版本）
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct UnifiedSourceSpec {
+    pub source: Source,
+    pub product: ProductSpec,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub release: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub version: Option<String>,
+}
+
 /// 统一检索请求
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize)]
 pub struct UnifiedSearchRequest {
@@ -61,23 +72,21 @@ pub struct UnifiedSearchRequest {
     pub targets: Vec<TargetRequest>,
     /// 要检索的源组合；None 或空 = 全部已注册源（list_all_keys）
     #[serde(default)]
-    pub sources: Option<Vec<(Source, ProductSpec)>>,
-    /// 数据发布版本（如 "dr11"）；None 用各源默认版本
-    #[serde(default)]
-    pub release: Option<String>,
-    /// 数据发布的子版本（仅 LAMOST 有意义）
-    #[serde(default)]
-    pub version: Option<String>,
+    pub sources: Option<Vec<UnifiedSourceSpec>>,
     /// 单目标 × 单源最大命中数（防爆炸）
     #[serde(default = "default_per_target_limit")]
     pub per_target_limit: usize,
 }
 
-/// 一个 (Source, ProductSpec) 的聚合候选源组
+/// 一个 (Source, ProductSpec, release, version) 的聚合候选源组
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
 pub struct SourceCandidateGroup {
     pub source: Source,
     pub product: ProductSpec,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub release: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub version: Option<String>,
     /// 该源命中的候选源（跨所有目标去重后）
     pub candidates: Vec<Candidate>,
 }
@@ -92,7 +101,7 @@ pub struct ResolveFailure {
 /// 统一检索聚合结果
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
 pub struct UnifiedSearchResult {
-    /// 按 (source, product) 分组的候选源；按 (source, product, subtype) 稳定排序
+    /// 按 (source, product, release, version) 分组的候选源；稳定排序
     pub groups: Vec<SourceCandidateGroup>,
     /// 名称解析失败的目标（仅前端名称列表路径回填；统一检索阶段通常为空）
     #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
@@ -104,7 +113,7 @@ pub struct UnifiedSearchResult {
 // 2. 核心编排：unified_search
 // ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
 
-/// 跨目标 × 跨源并发 cone 检索，按 (source, product) 聚合候选源
+/// 跨目标 × 跨源并发 cone 检索，按 (source, product, release, version) 聚合候选源
 ///
 /// 并发模型：所有 (target × source_key) 组合打包成 N 个 future，用 join_all 全发。
 /// cone_search_cached 命中 7 天缓存时不会发外部 HTTP，因此并发安全；
@@ -114,55 +123,72 @@ pub async fn unified_search(
     state: &AppState,
     registry: &ObservationRegistry,
     request: &UnifiedSearchRequest,
-) -> Result<UnifiedSearchResult> {
+) -> Result<UnifiedSearchResult, crate::services::error::ServiceError> {
     if request.targets.is_empty() {
-        return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("统一检索目标列表不能为空"));
+        return Err(crate::services::error::ServiceError::invalid_input(
+            "统一检索目标列表不能为空",
+        ));
     }
 
-    // 解析源组合：显式给定则用，否则取 registry 全部
-    let source_keys: Vec<(Source, ProductSpec)> = match &request.sources {
+    // 解析源组合：显式给定则用，否则取 registry 全部，且 release/version 为 None
+    let specs: Vec<UnifiedSourceSpec> = match &request.sources {
         Some(s) if !s.is_empty() => s.clone(),
-        _ => registry.list_all_keys(),
+        _ => registry
+            .list_all_keys()
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(|(source, product)| UnifiedSourceSpec {
+                source,
+                product,
+                release: None,
+                version: None,
+            })
+            .collect(),
     };
-    if source_keys.is_empty() {
-        return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("没有可检索的源（registry 为空）"));
+    if specs.is_empty() {
+        return Err(crate::services::error::ServiceError::invalid_input(
+            "没有可检索的源（registry 为空）",
+        ));
     }
 
-    let total_combos = request.targets.len() * source_keys.len();
+    let total_combos = request.targets.len() * specs.len();
     info!(
         "[Unified] 开始统一检索：targets={}, sources={}, 组合={}, per_target_limit={}",
         request.targets.len(),
-        source_keys.len(),
+        specs.len(),
         total_combos,
         request.per_target_limit
     );
 
-    // 构建所有 (target, source_key) 并发任务
-    // 每个任务返回：Option<(Source, ProductSpec, Vec<Candidate>)> —— None 表示该组合失败
+    // 构建所有 (target, spec) 并发任务
+    // 每个任务返回：(Source, ProductSpec, Option<String>, Option<String>, Option<String>, Result<Vec<Candidate>>)
     let futures: Vec<_> = request
         .targets
         .iter()
         .flat_map(|target| {
-            source_keys.iter().map(move |(source, product)| {
+            specs.iter().map(move |spec| {
                 let target = target.clone();
-                let source = *source;
-                let product = product.clone();
-                let release = request.release.clone();
-                let version = request.version.clone();
+                let spec = spec.clone();
                 let limit = request.per_target_limit;
                 async move {
                     let result = cone_one_source(
                         state,
                         registry,
-                        source,
-                        &product,
+                        spec.source,
+                        &spec.product,
                         &target,
-                        release.as_deref(),
-                        version.as_deref(),
+                        spec.release.as_deref(),
+                        spec.version.as_deref(),
                         limit,
                     )
                     .await;
-                    (source, product, target.label, result)
+                    (
+                        spec.source,
+                        spec.product,
+                        spec.release,
+                        spec.version,
+                        target.label,
+                        result,
+                    )
                 }
             })
         })
@@ -170,21 +196,30 @@ pub async fn unified_search(
 
     let results = join_all(futures).await;
 
-    // 按 (source, product) 分组合并候选源
-    // 用 BTreeMap 保证稳定排序（source/product 枚举已 derive Ord 语义，但 enum 未 derive Ord，
-    // 这里用 (source_str, product_str, subtype_str) 作为排序键字符串）
-    let mut groups_map: BTreeMap<(String, String, Option<String>), Vec<Candidate>> =
-        BTreeMap::new();
+    // 按 (source, product, release, version) 分组合并候选源
+    // 这里用 (source_str, product_str, subtype_str, release, version) 作为排序键
+    let mut groups_map: BTreeMap<
+        (
+            String,
+            String,
+            Option<String>,
+            Option<String>,
+            Option<String>,
+        ),
+        Vec<Candidate>,
+    > = BTreeMap::new();
     let mut total_candidates = 0usize;
     let mut fail_count = 0usize;
 
-    for (source, product, _target_label, result) in results {
+    for (source, product, release, version, _target_label, result) in results {
         match result {
             Ok(cands) => {
                 let key = (
                     source.as_str().to_string(),
                     product.product.as_str().to_string(),
                     product.subtype.clone(),
+                    release.clone(),
+                    version.clone(),
                 );
                 let bucket = groups_map.entry(key).or_default();
                 for c in cands {
@@ -197,8 +232,8 @@ pub async fn unified_search(
             Err(e) => {
                 fail_count += 1;
                 warn!(
-                    "[Unified] 单组合检索失败 source={:?} product={:?}: {:#}",
-                    source, product, e
+                    "[Unified] 单组合检索失败 source={:?} product={:?} release={:?} version={:?}: {:#}",
+                    source, product, release, version, e
                 );
             }
         }
@@ -206,7 +241,7 @@ pub async fn unified_search(
 
     // 转换为 SourceCandidateGroup 列表（BTreeMap 已保证按 key 排序）
     let mut groups: Vec<SourceCandidateGroup> = Vec::with_capacity(groups_map.len());
-    for ((source_str, product_str, subtype), candidates) in groups_map {
+    for ((source_str, product_str, subtype, release, version), candidates) in groups_map {
         let source = Source::from_str(&source_str)
             .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("内部错误：无效 source 回填 '{}': {}", source_str, e))?;
         let product = ProductSpec {
@@ -220,6 +255,8 @@ pub async fn unified_search(
         groups.push(SourceCandidateGroup {
             source,
             product,
+            release,
+            version,
             candidates,
         });
     }
@@ -370,7 +407,7 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(req.targets.len(), 1);
         assert_eq!(req.targets[0].ra, 10.0);
         assert!(req.sources.is_none());
-        assert_eq!(req.per_target_limit, 50);
+        assert_eq!(req.per_target_limit, 1);
         assert_eq!(req.targets[0].radius_deg, 0.1); // 默认半径
     }
 
@@ -381,8 +418,13 @@ mod tests {
                 {"ra": 10.0, "dec": 20.0, "radius_deg": 0.2, "label": "M31"},
                 {"ra": 40.0, "dec": -5.0}
             ],
-            "sources": [["lamost", {"product": "spectrum"}]],
-            "release": "dr11",
+            "sources": [
+                {
+                    "source": "lamost",
+                    "product": {"product": "spectrum"},
+                    "release": "dr11"
+                }
+            ],
             "per_target_limit": 5
         }"#;
         let req: UnifiedSearchRequest = serde_json::from_str(json).unwrap();
@@ -390,7 +432,11 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(req.targets[0].label.as_deref(), Some("M31"));
         assert_eq!(req.targets[0].radius_deg, 0.2);
         assert_eq!(req.sources.as_ref().unwrap().len(), 1);
-        assert_eq!(req.release.as_deref(), Some("dr11"));
+        assert_eq!(req.sources.as_ref().unwrap()[0].source, Source::Lamost);
+        assert_eq!(
+            req.sources.as_ref().unwrap()[0].release.as_deref(),
+            Some("dr11")
+        );
         assert_eq!(req.per_target_limit, 5);
     }
 
@@ -400,9 +446,7 @@ mod tests {
         let req = UnifiedSearchRequest {
             targets: vec![],
             sources: None,
-            release: None,
-            version: None,
-            per_target_limit: 50,
+            per_target_limit: 1,
         };
         // 同步校验：empty targets 应在运行时报错（这里校验入参校验逻辑）
         // 注意：unified_search 是 async，这里只验证 list_all_keys 非空
diff --git a/src/services/observation/ztf.rs b/src/services/observation/ztf.rs
index ae0b93b..28617e8 100644
--- a/src/services/observation/ztf.rs
+++ b/src/services/observation/ztf.rs
@@ -54,7 +54,19 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for ZtfLightCurveFetcher {
         _subtype: Option<&str>,
         _version: Option<&str>,
     ) -> Result<Vec<Candidate>> {
-        let objects = state.irsa.cone_search(ra, dec, radius_deg).await?;
+        let max_r = self.hard_max_radius_deg();
+        let r = if radius_deg > max_r {
+            tracing::warn!(
+                "[ZTF] 检索半径 {}° 超过硬上限 {}°，自动裁剪为 {}° 进行检索",
+                radius_deg,
+                max_r,
+                max_r
+            );
+            max_r
+        } else {
+            radius_deg
+        };
+        let objects = state.sources.irsa.cone_search(ra, dec, r).await?;
         Ok(objects
             .iter()
             .map(|o| Candidate {
@@ -127,12 +139,12 @@ impl ObservationFetcher for ZtfLightCurveFetcher {
         }
 
         // 下载完整光变 CSV
-        let csv_bytes = state.irsa.download_lightcurve(oid).await?;
+        let csv_bytes = state.sources.irsa.download_lightcurve(oid).await?;
         if csv_bytes.is_empty() {
             return Err(anyhow!("ZTF oid={} 无光变数据", oid));
         }
         let rel_path = format!("Telescope/ztf/lightcurve/{}.csv", oid);
-        let size = persist_bytes(&state.config.library_dir, &rel_path, &csv_bytes).await?;
+        let size = persist_bytes(&state.config.storage.library_dir, &rel_path, &csv_bytes).await?;
         info!(
             "[ZTF] 光变 CSV 已保存 oid={} → {} ({}B)",
             oid, rel_path, size
diff --git a/src/services/paper/db.rs b/src/services/paper/db.rs
index f4ff614..c552dbf 100644
--- a/src/services/paper/db.rs
+++ b/src/services/paper/db.rs
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ pub async fn get_paper_from_db(
     db: &SqlitePool,
     library_dir: &Path,
     identifier: &str,
-) -> anyhow::Result<StandardPaper> {
+) -> Result<StandardPaper, crate::services::error::ServiceError> {
     let id = clean_identifier(identifier);
 
     let query = format!(
@@ -268,7 +268,14 @@ pub async fn get_paper_from_db(
         .bind(&id.clean_doi)
         .bind(&id.clean_arxiv)
         .fetch_one(db)
-        .await?;
+        .await
+        .map_err(|e| match e {
+            sqlx::Error::RowNotFound => crate::services::error::ServiceError::not_found(format!(
+                "未找到文献: {}",
+                identifier
+            )),
+            other => crate::services::error::ServiceError::Other(other.into()),
+        })?;
 
     Ok(parse_paper_row(&r, library_dir))
 }
diff --git a/src/services/paper/ingest.rs b/src/services/paper/ingest.rs
index 7c2c54d..2578477 100644
--- a/src/services/paper/ingest.rs
+++ b/src/services/paper/ingest.rs
@@ -16,9 +16,11 @@ pub async fn upload_paper_file_service(
     file_type: &str,
     file_name: &str,
     file_bytes: &[u8],
-) -> anyhow::Result<StandardPaper> {
+) -> Result<StandardPaper, crate::services::error::ServiceError> {
     if file_bytes.is_empty() {
-        anyhow::bail!("上传文件为空或读取失败");
+        return Err(crate::services::error::ServiceError::invalid_input(
+            "上传文件为空或读取失败",
+        ));
     }
 
     // 尝试将可能的 DOI 或 arXiv ID 解析为真实的 bibcode
@@ -71,9 +73,7 @@ pub async fn upload_paper_file_service(
     let bibcode = resolved_bibcode;
 
     // 从数据库读取该文献元数据以验证其确实存在
-    let _paper = get_paper_from_db(db, library_dir, &bibcode)
-        .await
-        .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("未找到该文献记录: {}", e))?;
+    let _paper = get_paper_from_db(db, library_dir, &bibcode).await?;
 
     // 校验并保存文件
     // 优先使用显式 file_type 字段，避免文件名扩展名覆盖真实类型
@@ -84,46 +84,72 @@ pub async fn upload_paper_file_service(
     };
 
     let relative_path = if is_pdf {
-        crate::services::download::validate_pdf_content(file_bytes)
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("PDF 文件内容校验失败: {}", e))?;
+        crate::services::download::validate_pdf_content(file_bytes).map_err(|e| {
+            crate::services::error::ServiceError::invalid_input(format!(
+                "PDF 文件内容校验失败: {}",
+                e
+            ))
+        })?;
         let pdf_filename = format!("{}.pdf", bibcode);
         let pdf_dest = library_dir.join("PDF").join(&pdf_filename);
         if pdf_dest
             .components()
             .any(|c| matches!(c, std::path::Component::ParentDir))
         {
-            anyhow::bail!("非法的文件写入路径，bibcode 包含路径穿越字符");
+            return Err(crate::services::error::ServiceError::invalid_input(
+                "非法的文件写入路径，bibcode 包含路径穿越字符",
+            ));
         }
         if let Some(parent) = pdf_dest.parent() {
-            tokio::fs::create_dir_all(parent)
-                .await
-                .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("无法创建 PDF 目录: {}", e))?;
+            tokio::fs::create_dir_all(parent).await.map_err(|e| {
+                crate::services::error::ServiceError::Other(anyhow::anyhow!(
+                    "无法创建 PDF 目录: {}",
+                    e
+                ))
+            })?;
         }
-        tokio::fs::write(&pdf_dest, file_bytes)
-            .await
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("无法写入 PDF 文件: {}", e))?;
+        tokio::fs::write(&pdf_dest, file_bytes).await.map_err(|e| {
+            crate::services::error::ServiceError::Other(anyhow::anyhow!("无法写入 PDF 文件: {}", e))
+        })?;
         format!("PDF/{}", pdf_filename)
     } else {
-        let text_content = String::from_utf8(file_bytes.to_vec())
-            .map_err(|_| anyhow::anyhow!("上传的 HTML 文件不是有效的 UTF-8 文本"))?;
-        crate::services::download::validate_html_content_lenient(&text_content)
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("HTML 文件内容校验失败: {}", e))?;
+        let text_content = String::from_utf8(file_bytes.to_vec()).map_err(|_| {
+            crate::services::error::ServiceError::invalid_input(
+                "上传的 HTML 文件不是有效的 UTF-8 文本",
+            )
+        })?;
+        crate::services::download::validate_html_content_lenient(&text_content).map_err(|e| {
+            crate::services::error::ServiceError::invalid_input(format!(
+                "HTML 文件内容校验失败: {}",
+                e
+            ))
+        })?;
         let html_filename = format!("{}.html", bibcode);
         let html_dest = library_dir.join("HTML").join(&html_filename);
         if html_dest
             .components()
             .any(|c| matches!(c, std::path::Component::ParentDir))
         {
-            anyhow::bail!("非法的文件写入路径，bibcode 包含路径穿越字符");
+            return Err(crate::services::error::ServiceError::invalid_input(
+                "非法的文件写入路径，bibcode 包含路径穿越字符",
+            ));
         }
         if let Some(parent) = html_dest.parent() {
-            tokio::fs::create_dir_all(parent)
-                .await
-                .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("无法创建 HTML 目录: {}", e))?;
+            tokio::fs::create_dir_all(parent).await.map_err(|e| {
+                crate::services::error::ServiceError::Other(anyhow::anyhow!(
+                    "无法创建 HTML 目录: {}",
+                    e
+                ))
+            })?;
         }
         tokio::fs::write(&html_dest, &text_content)
             .await
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("无法写入 HTML 文件: {}", e))?;
+            .map_err(|e| {
+                crate::services::error::ServiceError::Other(anyhow::anyhow!(
+                    "无法写入 HTML 文件: {}",
+                    e
+                ))
+            })?;
         format!("HTML/{}", html_filename)
     };
 
@@ -134,14 +160,24 @@ pub async fn upload_paper_file_service(
             .bind(&bibcode)
             .execute(db)
             .await
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("更新数据库状态失败: {}", e))?;
+            .map_err(|e| {
+                crate::services::error::ServiceError::Other(anyhow::anyhow!(
+                    "更新数据库状态失败: {}",
+                    e
+                ))
+            })?;
     } else {
         sqlx::query("UPDATE papers SET html_path = ? WHERE bibcode = ?")
             .bind(&relative_path)
             .bind(&bibcode)
             .execute(db)
             .await
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("更新数据库状态失败: {}", e))?;
+            .map_err(|e| {
+                crate::services::error::ServiceError::Other(anyhow::anyhow!(
+                    "更新数据库状态失败: {}",
+                    e
+                ))
+            })?;
     }
 
     // 重新获取最新的文献信息以返回
diff --git a/src/services/paper/reader.rs b/src/services/paper/reader.rs
index c5d740a..f112ff2 100644
--- a/src/services/paper/reader.rs
+++ b/src/services/paper/reader.rs
@@ -59,28 +59,34 @@ pub async fn read_paper_content(
     library_dir: &Path,
     bibcode: &str,
     mode: ReadMode,
-) -> anyhow::Result<PaperReadResponse> {
+) -> Result<PaperReadResponse, crate::services::error::ServiceError> {
     // 1. 统一安全与数据库路径校验
     let paths = super::db::check_paper_paths_in_db(db, library_dir, bibcode)
         .await?
         .ok_or_else(|| {
-            anyhow::anyhow!("文献 {} 未在本地数据库中注册，请先检索该文献。", bibcode)
+            crate::services::error::ServiceError::not_found(format!(
+                "文献 {} 未在本地数据库中注册，请先检索该文献。",
+                bibcode
+            ))
         })?;
 
     let (_, _, md_opt, tr_opt) = paths;
 
     // 2. 检查英文原文相对路径
     let md_rel = md_opt.ok_or_else(|| {
-        anyhow::anyhow!("文献 {} 尚未完成解析 (parse)。请先执行解析任务。", bibcode)
+        crate::services::error::ServiceError::not_ready(format!(
+            "文献 {} 尚未完成解析 (parse)。请先执行解析任务。",
+            bibcode
+        ))
     })?;
 
     // 3. 读取英文原文物理文件
     let md_abs = library_dir.join(&md_rel);
     if !md_abs.exists() {
-        anyhow::bail!(
+        return Err(crate::services::error::ServiceError::not_ready(format!(
             "文献 {} 的本地原文文件已丢失，请重新执行解析任务。",
             bibcode
-        );
+        )));
     }
     let full_text = tokio::fs::read_to_string(&md_abs).await?;
 
@@ -132,12 +138,19 @@ pub async fn read_paper_content(
             outline = Some(sections);
         }
         ReadMode::SectionIndex(idx) => {
-            content = extract_section_by_index(&full_text, *idx)
-                .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("未找到序号为 #{} 的章节，请先检查大纲。", idx))?;
+            content = extract_section_by_index(&full_text, *idx).ok_or_else(|| {
+                crate::services::error::ServiceError::not_found(format!(
+                    "未找到序号为 #{} 的章节，请先检查大纲。",
+                    idx
+                ))
+            })?;
         }
         ReadMode::SectionName(name) => {
             content = extract_section_by_name(&full_text, name).ok_or_else(|| {
-                anyhow::anyhow!("未找到名称匹配 '{}' 的章节，请先检查大纲。", name)
+                crate::services::error::ServiceError::not_found(format!(
+                    "未找到名称匹配 '{}' 的章节，请先检查大纲。",
+                    name
+                ))
             })?;
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/services/parser/mod.rs b/src/services/parser/mod.rs
index 36c3ff4..c456a55 100644
--- a/src/services/parser/mod.rs
+++ b/src/services/parser/mod.rs
@@ -137,16 +137,17 @@ pub async fn parse_paper_service(
     config: &crate::Config,
     bibcode: &str,
     force: bool,
-) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
+) -> Result<String, crate::services::error::ServiceError> {
     info!(
         "接收到文献结构化解析服务调用: {} (强制重新解析: {:?})",
         bibcode, force
     );
 
-    let (pdf_opt, html_opt, md_opt, _) =
-        check_paper_paths_in_db(db, library_dir, bibcode)
-            .await?
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("该文献未注册在数据库中"))?;
+    let (pdf_opt, html_opt, md_opt, _) = check_paper_paths_in_db(db, library_dir, bibcode)
+        .await?
+        .ok_or_else(|| {
+        crate::services::error::ServiceError::not_found("该文献未注册在数据库中")
+    })?;
 
     // 如果先前已经解析成功过且非强制重新解析，直读 Markdown 文件返回
     if !force {
@@ -164,9 +165,7 @@ pub async fn parse_paper_service(
     let mut relative_md_path = String::new();
 
     // 查询该文献的元数据以生成 Markdown YAML 头部信息
-    let paper = get_paper_from_db(db, library_dir, bibcode)
-        .await
-        .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("未找到该文献元数据记录: {}", e))?;
+    let paper = get_paper_from_db(db, library_dir, bibcode).await?;
 
     // 策略 1：HTML 优先解析
     if let Some(html_rel) = html_opt {
@@ -226,7 +225,10 @@ pub async fn parse_paper_service(
                     }
                     Err(e) => {
                         error!("PDF layout 远程 MinerU 解析失败: {}", e);
-                        return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("PDF 结构解析失败: {}", e));
+                        return Err(crate::services::error::ServiceError::External(format!(
+                            "PDF 结构解析失败: {}",
+                            e
+                        )));
                     }
                 }
             } else {
@@ -234,14 +236,18 @@ pub async fn parse_paper_service(
                     "文献 {} 解析失败：本地 PDF 文件 {:?} 丢失",
                     bibcode, pdf_abs
                 );
-                return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("本地 PDF 文件未找到"));
+                return Err(crate::services::error::ServiceError::not_ready(
+                    "本地 PDF 文件未找到",
+                ));
             }
         } else {
             error!(
                 "文献 {} 解析失败：请先下载该文献的 HTML 或 PDF 文件",
                 bibcode
             );
-            return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("请先下载该文献的 HTML 或 PDF 文件"));
+            return Err(crate::services::error::ServiceError::not_ready(
+                "请先下载该文献的 HTML 或 PDF 文件",
+            ));
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/services/parser/pdf.rs b/src/services/parser/pdf.rs
index 74d4e3f..f661f98 100644
--- a/src/services/parser/pdf.rs
+++ b/src/services/parser/pdf.rs
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ struct ExtractResult {
 pub async fn submit_pdf_to_mineru(pdf_path: &Path, config: &Config) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
     info!("正在请求 MinerU 解析本地 PDF 文献: {:?}", pdf_path);
 
-    if config.mineru_api_url.is_empty() {
+    if config.storage.mineru_api_url.is_empty() {
         return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("未在环境变量 .env 中配置 MINERU_API_URL"));
     }
 
@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@ pub async fn submit_pdf_to_mineru(pdf_path: &Path, config: &Config) -> anyhow::R
 
     // 提取 base_url
     let base_url = config
+        .storage
         .mineru_api_url
         .replace("/extract/task", "")
         .replace("/extract", "")
@@ -110,8 +111,11 @@ pub async fn submit_pdf_to_mineru(pdf_path: &Path, config: &Config) -> anyhow::R
         .post(format!("{}/file-urls/batch/", base_url))
         .json(&upload_req);
 
-    if !config.mineru_api_key.is_empty() {
-        request = request.header("Authorization", format!("Bearer {}", config.mineru_api_key));
+    if !config.storage.mineru_api_key.is_empty() {
+        request = request.header(
+            "Authorization",
+            format!("Bearer {}", config.storage.mineru_api_key),
+        );
     }
 
     let response = request.send().await?;
@@ -158,6 +162,7 @@ pub async fn poll_and_extract_mineru(
 ) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
     let client = reqwest::Client::new();
     let base_url = config
+        .storage
         .mineru_api_url
         .replace("/extract/task", "")
         .replace("/extract", "")
@@ -181,9 +186,11 @@ pub async fn poll_and_extract_mineru(
         tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_secs(10)).await;
 
         let mut status_req = client.get(format!("{}/extract-results/batch/{}", base_url, batch_id));
-        if !config.mineru_api_key.is_empty() {
-            status_req =
-                status_req.header("Authorization", format!("Bearer {}", config.mineru_api_key));
+        if !config.storage.mineru_api_key.is_empty() {
+            status_req = status_req.header(
+                "Authorization",
+                format!("Bearer {}", config.storage.mineru_api_key),
+            );
         }
 
         let status_res = status_req.send().await?;
@@ -262,7 +269,7 @@ pub async fn poll_and_extract_mineru(
 
     // [DEBUG] 保存 MinerU 原始解析结果，便于调试管线后处理逻辑
     {
-        let mineru_dir = config.library_dir.join("MinerU");
+        let mineru_dir = config.storage.library_dir.join("MinerU");
         let _ = fs::create_dir_all(&mineru_dir);
         let raw_path = mineru_dir.join(format!("{}.md", bibcode));
         if let Err(e) = fs::write(&raw_path, &markdown) {
@@ -276,7 +283,7 @@ pub async fn poll_and_extract_mineru(
 
     // 5. 上传图片并重写链接
     if !image_buffers.is_empty() {
-        let local_img_dir = config.library_dir.join("images").join(bibcode);
+        let local_img_dir = config.storage.library_dir.join("images").join(bibcode);
         let _ = fs::create_dir_all(&local_img_dir);
 
         if qiniu_client.is_configured() {
diff --git a/src/services/pipeline.rs b/src/services/pipeline.rs
index cd7be8a..ba409b6 100644
--- a/src/services/pipeline.rs
+++ b/src/services/pipeline.rs
@@ -34,7 +34,12 @@ pub async fn process_paper_pipeline(
                 info!("[Pipeline] download: {}", bibcode);
                 let paper = state
                     .downloader
-                    .download_paper_service(&state.db, &state.config.library_dir, bibcode, force)
+                    .download_paper_service(
+                        &state.db,
+                        &state.config.storage.library_dir,
+                        bibcode,
+                        force,
+                    )
                     .await?;
                 has_pdf = paper.has_pdf;
                 has_html = paper.has_html;
@@ -45,7 +50,7 @@ pub async fn process_paper_pipeline(
                 info!("[Pipeline] parse: {}", bibcode);
                 let markdown = crate::services::parser::parse_paper_service(
                     &state.db,
-                    &state.config.library_dir,
+                    &state.config.storage.library_dir,
                     &state.qiniu,
                     &state.config,
                     bibcode,
@@ -63,7 +68,7 @@ pub async fn process_paper_pipeline(
                 info!("[Pipeline] embed: {}", bibcode);
                 let paths = crate::services::paper::check_paper_paths_in_db(
                     &state.db,
-                    &state.config.library_dir,
+                    &state.config.storage.library_dir,
                     bibcode,
                 )
                 .await?;
@@ -77,12 +82,12 @@ pub async fn process_paper_pipeline(
                     }
                 };
 
-                let md_abs = state.config.library_dir.join(&md_rel);
+                let md_abs = state.config.storage.library_dir.join(&md_rel);
                 let markdown_text = tokio::fs::read_to_string(&md_abs).await?;
 
                 let count = crate::services::rag::ingest_paper(
                     &state.db,
-                    &state.embedding,
+                    &state.llm.embedding,
                     bibcode,
                     &markdown_text,
                     None, // 使用默认 ChunkerConfig
diff --git a/src/services/rag.rs b/src/services/rag.rs
index 95282a5..a3138a5 100644
--- a/src/services/rag.rs
+++ b/src/services/rag.rs
@@ -84,23 +84,31 @@ pub async fn ingest_paper(
     let embeddings: Vec<Option<Vec<f32>>> = match embedding_client.embed_batch(&contents).await {
         Ok(all) => all.into_iter().map(Some).collect(),
         Err(e) => {
-            // 批量失败时降级为逐条计算，保留"单块失败跳过、其余继续"的容错语义。
-            // TODO: 后续将 Embedder trait 改为 Arc<dyn Embedder> 以支持并发降级（semaphore=3）
-            warn!("文献 {} 批量向量化失败，降级逐条计算: {}", bibcode, e);
-            let mut out = Vec::with_capacity(chunks.len());
-            for chunk in &chunks {
-                match embedding_client.embed(&chunk.content).await {
-                    Ok(v) => out.push(Some(v)),
-                    Err(ee) => {
-                        error!(
-                            "文献 {} 第 {} 块向量化失败: {}",
-                            bibcode, chunk.chunk_index, ee
-                        );
-                        out.push(None);
+            // 批量失败时降级为并发逐条计算（并发度 5），保留"单块失败跳过、其余继续"的容错语义。
+            warn!("文献 {} 批量向量化失败，降级并发逐条计算: {}", bibcode, e);
+            use futures_util::stream::{self, StreamExt};
+            let chunk_contents: Vec<(usize, String)> = chunks
+                .iter()
+                .map(|c| (c.chunk_index, c.content.clone()))
+                .collect();
+            let bibcode_owned = bibcode.to_string();
+            let results: Vec<Option<Vec<f32>>> = stream::iter(chunk_contents)
+                .map(|(idx, content)| {
+                    let bc = bibcode_owned.clone();
+                    async move {
+                        match embedding_client.embed(&content).await {
+                            Ok(v) => Some(v),
+                            Err(ee) => {
+                                error!("文献 {} 第 {} 块向量化失败: {}", bc, idx, ee);
+                                None
+                            }
+                        }
                     }
-                }
-            }
-            out
+                })
+                .buffer_unordered(5)
+                .collect()
+                .await;
+            results
         }
     };
 
@@ -300,46 +308,42 @@ pub async fn retrieve_hybrid(
     // RRF: score = Σ 1/(k + rank_i),  k=60
     const RRF_K: f64 = 60.0;
 
-    // 收集所有出现过的 key，去重（保存 content + headings + section_index）
-    let mut all_keys: HashMap<(String, i64), (&str, &str, i64)> = HashMap::new();
+    // 收集所有出现过的 key，去重（直接存 owned RetrievalResult）
+    let mut all_keys: HashMap<(String, i64), RetrievalResult> = HashMap::new();
     for r in &dense {
         all_keys
             .entry((r.bibcode.clone(), r.paragraph_index))
-            .or_insert((r.content.as_str(), r.headings.as_str(), r.section_index));
+            .or_insert_with(|| r.clone());
     }
     for (bibcode, paragraph_index, content, _, headings, section_index) in &sparse {
         all_keys
             .entry((bibcode.clone(), *paragraph_index))
-            .or_insert((content.as_str(), headings.as_str(), *section_index));
+            .or_insert_with(|| RetrievalResult {
+                bibcode: bibcode.clone(),
+                paragraph_index: *paragraph_index,
+                headings: headings.clone(),
+                section_index: *section_index,
+                content: content.clone(),
+                distance: 0.0,
+            });
     }
 
     let mut scored: Vec<(RetrievalResult, f64)> = all_keys
         .into_iter()
-        .map(
-            |((bibcode, paragraph_index), (content, headings, section_index))| {
-                let rrf = match (
-                    dense_rank.get(&(bibcode.clone(), paragraph_index)),
-                    sparse_rank.get(&(bibcode.clone(), paragraph_index)),
-                ) {
-                    (Some(&dr), Some(&sr)) => 1.0 / (RRF_K + dr as f64) + 1.0 / (RRF_K + sr as f64),
-                    (Some(&dr), None) => 1.0 / (RRF_K + dr as f64),
-                    (None, Some(&sr)) => 1.0 / (RRF_K + sr as f64),
-                    (None, None) => 0.0,
-                };
+        .map(|((bibcode, paragraph_index), mut result)| {
+            let rrf = match (
+                dense_rank.get(&(bibcode.clone(), paragraph_index)),
+                sparse_rank.get(&(bibcode, paragraph_index)),
+            ) {
+                (Some(&dr), Some(&sr)) => 1.0 / (RRF_K + dr as f64) + 1.0 / (RRF_K + sr as f64),
+                (Some(&dr), None) => 1.0 / (RRF_K + dr as f64),
+                (None, Some(&sr)) => 1.0 / (RRF_K + sr as f64),
+                (None, None) => 0.0,
+            };
 
-                (
-                    RetrievalResult {
-                        bibcode,
-                        paragraph_index,
-                        headings: headings.to_string(),
-                        section_index,
-                        content: content.to_string(),
-                        distance: 1.0 - rrf.min(1.0), // distance 语义反转：越小越相关
-                    },
-                    rrf,
-                )
-            },
-        )
+            result.distance = 1.0 - rrf.min(1.0); // distance 语义反转：越小越相关
+            (result, rrf)
+        })
         .collect();
 
     // 按 RRF 降序
@@ -373,16 +377,22 @@ pub async fn embed_paper_service(
     library_dir: &std::path::Path,
     bibcode: &str,
     embedding_client: &dyn Embedder,
-) -> anyhow::Result<usize> {
+) -> Result<usize, crate::services::error::ServiceError> {
     let (_, _, md_opt, _) =
         crate::services::paper::check_paper_paths_in_db(db, library_dir, bibcode)
             .await?
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("该文献未注册在数据库中"))?;
+            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                crate::services::error::ServiceError::not_found("该文献未注册在数据库中")
+            })?;
 
-    let md_rel = md_opt.ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("文献尚未解析为 Markdown，请先执行解析"))?;
+    let md_rel = md_opt.ok_or_else(|| {
+        crate::services::error::ServiceError::not_ready("文献尚未解析为 Markdown，请先执行解析")
+    })?;
     let md_abs = library_dir.join(&md_rel);
     if !md_abs.exists() {
-        anyhow::bail!("文献 Markdown 文件未找到，请重新解析");
+        return Err(crate::services::error::ServiceError::not_ready(
+            "文献 Markdown 文件未找到，请重新解析",
+        ));
     }
 
     let markdown_content = tokio::fs::read_to_string(&md_abs).await?;
diff --git a/src/services/search.rs b/src/services/search.rs
index 90ecc7d..ae0c1fe 100644
--- a/src/services/search.rs
+++ b/src/services/search.rs
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ pub async fn search_papers(
             warn!("ADS_API_KEY 未配置，跳过 ADS 检索。");
             return Vec::new();
         }
-        match state.ads.search(q, start, rows, sort).await {
+        match state.sources.ads.search(q, start, rows, sort).await {
             Ok(docs) => docs,
             Err(e) => {
                 error!("ADS 检索执行失败: {}", e);
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ pub async fn search_papers(
         if !want_arxiv {
             return Vec::new();
         }
-        match state.arxiv.search(q, start, rows, sort).await {
+        match state.sources.arxiv.search(q, start, rows, sort).await {
             Ok(papers) => papers,
             Err(e) => {
                 error!("arXiv 检索执行失败: {}", e);
@@ -58,23 +58,17 @@ pub async fn search_papers(
 
     let (ads_docs, arxiv_papers) = tokio::join!(ads_fut, arxiv_fut);
 
-    // 2. 处理 ADS 结果：入库 + 记录引用拓扑
+    // 2. 处理检索结果：入库 + 记录引用拓扑（ADS 独有）
     let mut results = Vec::new();
     for doc in ads_docs {
         let paper = convert_ads_doc_to_standard(&doc);
-        if let Err(e) = save_paper_to_db(&state.db, &paper).await {
-            warn!("保存 ADS 文献至数据库失败: {}", e);
-        }
+        ingest_search_paper(&state.db, &paper).await;
         save_citation_topology(&state.db, &paper.bibcode, doc.reference, doc.citation).await;
         results.push(paper);
     }
-
-    // 3. 处理 arXiv 结果：入库
     for p in arxiv_papers {
         let paper = convert_arxiv_to_standard(&p);
-        if let Err(e) = save_paper_to_db(&state.db, &paper).await {
-            warn!("保存 arXiv 文献至数据库失败: {}", e);
-        }
+        ingest_search_paper(&state.db, &paper).await;
         results.push(paper);
     }
 
@@ -107,7 +101,7 @@ pub async fn search_papers(
     //    用一次批量 IN 查询直接返回完整 StandardPaper，无需逐条调用 get_paper_from_db。
     let all_bibs: Vec<String> = unique_results.iter().map(|p| p.bibcode.clone()).collect();
     let existing_papers =
-        batch_fetch_existing_papers(&state.db, &state.config.library_dir, &all_bibs).await;
+        batch_fetch_existing_papers(&state.db, &state.config.storage.library_dir, &all_bibs).await;
 
     for paper in unique_results.iter_mut() {
         if let Some(db_paper) = existing_papers.get(&paper.bibcode) {
@@ -118,6 +112,13 @@ pub async fn search_papers(
     Ok(unique_results)
 }
 
+/// 将检索结果入库，失败时仅 warn 不阻断流程。
+async fn ingest_search_paper(db: &sqlx::SqlitePool, paper: &StandardPaper) {
+    if let Err(e) = save_paper_to_db(db, paper).await {
+        warn!("保存文献至数据库失败 ({}): {}", paper.bibcode, e);
+    }
+}
+
 /// 批量保存引用/参考文献关联拓扑（单事务批量 INSERT，避免逐条 await）。
 async fn save_citation_topology(
     db: &sqlx::SqlitePool,
diff --git a/src/services/session.rs b/src/services/session.rs
index 28ae040..c477dd1 100644
--- a/src/services/session.rs
+++ b/src/services/session.rs
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ pub async fn list_sessions_service(
     limit: i64,
     offset: i64,
 ) -> Result<Vec<SessionSummary>, sqlx::Error> {
+    let limit = limit.clamp(1, 200);
     let rows = sqlx::query(
         "SELECT session_id, title, model, mode, turn_count, summary, created_at, updated_at \
          FROM agent_sessions \
diff --git a/src/services/translation.rs b/src/services/translation.rs
index e717ead..0988efb 100644
--- a/src/services/translation.rs
+++ b/src/services/translation.rs
@@ -274,11 +274,13 @@ pub async fn translate_paper_cached(
     llm_client: &crate::clients::llm::LlmClient,
     bibcode: &str,
     force: bool,
-) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
+) -> Result<String, crate::services::error::ServiceError> {
     let (_, _, md_opt, tr_opt) =
         crate::services::paper::check_paper_paths_in_db(db, library_dir, bibcode)
             .await?
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("该文献未注册在数据库中"))?;
+            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                crate::services::error::ServiceError::not_found("该文献未注册在数据库中")
+            })?;
 
     // 若本地已存在翻译物理文件且未指明强制重译，直读本地缓存返回
     if !force {
@@ -296,12 +298,16 @@ pub async fn translate_paper_cached(
     let md_rel = match md_opt {
         Some(rel) => rel,
         None => {
-            anyhow::bail!("文献必须先完成解析方可翻译");
+            return Err(crate::services::error::ServiceError::not_ready(
+                "文献必须先完成解析方可翻译",
+            ));
         }
     };
     let md_abs = library_dir.join(&md_rel);
     if !md_abs.exists() {
-        anyhow::bail!("解析 Markdown 文件丢失");
+        return Err(crate::services::error::ServiceError::not_ready(
+            "解析 Markdown 文件丢失",
+        ));
     }
 
     let english_markdown = tokio::fs::read_to_string(&md_abs).await?;