// src/agent/runtime/hardline.rs // // Hardline 命令阻止层 — 不可绕过的危险命令检查。 // 参考 Hermes-Agent approval.py HARDLINE_PATTERNS 设计。 // // 设计原则: // 1. Hardline 规则在任何模式下都不可被绕过(包括 YOLO/Bypass 模式) // 2. 优先级高于所有其他权限规则 // 3. 在命令执行前做反规避标准化后再匹配 // // 阻止的命令类别: // - 系统关机/重启 // - 磁盘擦除/格式化 // - Fork 炸弹 // - 递归删除根目录 // - kill -1(信号广播) use regex::RegexSet; use std::sync::LazyLock; // ── 反规避命令标准化 ── /// 在安全检查前对命令字符串做标准化处理。 /// 参考 Hermes `_normalize_command_for_detection()` 实现。 /// /// 转换顺序: /// 1. 剥离 ANSI 转义序列(ECMA-48) /// 2. 剥离 null 字节 /// 3. Unicode 全角字符 NFKC 标准化 /// 4. 剥离 shell 反斜杠转义(`r\m` → `rm`) /// 5. 剥离空字符串字面量(`r''m` → `rm`) /// 6. 解析后的绝对路径还原为 `~/` 形式 pub fn normalize_command(raw: &str) -> String { // Step 1: 剥离 ANSI 转义序列 let s = strip_ansi_escapes(raw); // Step 2: 剥离 null 字节 let s = s.replace('\0', ""); // Step 3: Unicode NFKC 标准化(全角 → 半角) let s = unicode_normalization::lookup(&s).unwrap_or_else(|| s.to_string()); // Step 4: 剥离 shell 反斜杠转义(`r\m` → `rm`) let s = strip_backslash_escapes(&s); // Step 5: 剥离空字符串字面量(`r''m` → `rm`, `r""m` → `rm`) let s = strip_empty_string_literals(&s); // Step 6: 还原 Home 路径 normalize_home_paths(&s) } /// 剥离 ANSI 转义序列(CSI 序列,ECMA-48 §5.4) fn strip_ansi_escapes(s: &str) -> String { static ANSI_RE: LazyLock = LazyLock::new(|| regex::Regex::new(r"\x1b\[[0-9;]*[a-zA-Z]").expect("ANSI regex compile")); ANSI_RE.replace_all(s, "").to_string() } /// Unicode 全角字符 NFKC 标准化 + 常见全角 ASCII 映射 mod unicode_normalization { use std::collections::HashMap; use std::sync::LazyLock; static FULLWIDTH_MAP: LazyLock> = LazyLock::new(|| { // 全角 ASCII(U+FF01-U+FF5E)映射到半角(U+0021-U+007E) let mut map = HashMap::new(); for code in 0xFF01u32..=0xFF5E { if let Some(c) = char::from_u32(code) { let half_width = char::from_u32(code - 0xFEE0).unwrap_or(c); if c != half_width { map.insert(c, half_width); } } } // 全角空格 U+3000 → 半角空格 U+0020 map.insert('\u{3000}', ' '); map }); /// 如果字符串包含全角字符,返回标准化后的版本;否则返回 None(无需复制)。 pub fn lookup(s: &str) -> Option { let needs_normalize = s.chars().any(|c| FULLWIDTH_MAP.contains_key(&c)); if !needs_normalize { return None; } let normalized: String = s .chars() .map(|c| FULLWIDTH_MAP.get(&c).copied().unwrap_or(c)) .collect(); Some(normalized) } } /// 剥离 shell 反斜杠转义。 /// 匹配 `\<任意字符>` 并还原为 `<字符>`。 /// 示例:`r\m\ \-\r\f\ \/` → `rm -rf /` fn strip_backslash_escapes(s: &str) -> String { // 匹配 backslash 后跟任意非换行字符,捕获该字符 static BACKSLASH_ESCAPE_RE: LazyLock = LazyLock::new(|| regex::Regex::new(r"\\(.)").expect("backslash escape regex compile")); // 仅当有反斜杠时才执行替换(快速路径) if s.contains('\\') { BACKSLASH_ESCAPE_RE.replace_all(s, "$1").to_string() } else { s.to_string() } } /// 剥离空字符串字面量。 /// 匹配 `''` 或 `""`(shell 中用于分割命令名)。 /// 示例:`r''m` → `rm`, `r""m` → `rm` fn strip_empty_string_literals(s: &str) -> String { // 匹配连续两个单引号('')或连续两个双引号("") static EMPTY_QUOTE_RE: LazyLock = LazyLock::new(|| regex::Regex::new(r"'{2}|\x22{2}").expect("empty quote regex compile")); let has_single_empty = s.contains("''"); let has_double_empty = s.contains("\"\""); if has_single_empty || has_double_empty { EMPTY_QUOTE_RE.replace_all(s, "").to_string() } else { s.to_string() } } /// 将解析后的绝对 HOME 路径还原为 `~/` 形式。 fn normalize_home_paths(s: &str) -> String { let home = std::env::var("HOME").unwrap_or_else(|_| "/home/unknown".to_string()); if home.is_empty() || home == "/" { return s.to_string(); } s.replace(&home, "~") } // ── Hardline 模式定义 ── /// 不可绕过的硬阻止模式。 /// /// 每个模式包含: /// - `pattern`: 正则表达式 /// - `category`: 命令类别(用于日志和错误消息) /// - `message`: 返回给 LLM 的阻止理由 struct HardlinePattern { pattern: &'static str, category: &'static str, message: &'static str, } /// Hardline 模式列表。 /// 参考 Hermes HARDLINE_PATTERNS + 科研场景特定扩展。 static HARDLINE_PATTERNS: LazyLock> = LazyLock::new(|| { vec![ // ══════ 系统关机/重启 ══════ HardlinePattern { pattern: r"\b(?:shutdown|poweroff|halt|reboot)\b", category: "system_shutdown", message: "系统关机/重启命令被硬阻止", }, HardlinePattern { pattern: r"\binit\s+[06]\b", category: "system_shutdown", message: "init 运行级别切换被硬阻止", }, HardlinePattern { pattern: r"\bsystemctl\s+(?:poweroff|reboot|halt)\b", category: "system_shutdown", message: "systemctl 关机命令被硬阻止", }, // ══════ 磁盘擦除/格式化 ══════ HardlinePattern { pattern: r"\bmkfs\b", category: "disk_format", message: "磁盘格式化命令 mkfs 被硬阻止", }, HardlinePattern { pattern: r"\bdd\s+.*\bof=/dev/[a-z]+", category: "dd_to_device", message: "dd 写入块设备被硬阻止", }, HardlinePattern { pattern: r"\bdd\s+.*\bof=/dev/(?:sd[a-z]|nvme\d+n\d+|mmcblk\d+)", category: "dd_to_device", message: "dd 写入磁盘设备被硬阻止", }, // ══════ 递归删除根目录 ══════ HardlinePattern { pattern: r"\brm\s+-rf\s+(?:/|/\*)", category: "rm_root", message: "递归删除根目录被硬阻止", }, HardlinePattern { pattern: r"\brm\s+.*\s+-rf\s+/", category: "rm_root", message: "递归删除根目录被硬阻止", }, // ══════ Fork 炸弹 ══════ HardlinePattern { pattern: r":\(\)\s*\{[^}]*:[^}]*\}", category: "fork_bomb", message: "Fork 炸弹模式被硬阻止", }, HardlinePattern { pattern: r"\bperl\s+-e\s+.*fork.*while", category: "fork_bomb", message: "Perl fork 循环被硬阻止", }, HardlinePattern { pattern: r"\bpython3?\s+-c\s+.*while.*os\.fork", category: "fork_bomb", message: "Python fork 炸弹被硬阻止", }, // ══════ Kill 信号广播 ══════ HardlinePattern { pattern: r"\bkill\s+-1\b", category: "kill_all", message: "kill -1(信号广播到所有进程)被硬阻止", }, // ══════ 覆盖关键系统文件 ══════ HardlinePattern { pattern: r">\s*/etc/(?:passwd|shadow|sudoers|hosts)\b", category: "system_file_overwrite", message: "重定向覆盖关键系统文件被硬阻止", }, HardlinePattern { pattern: r"\bcp\s+.*\s+/etc/(?:passwd|shadow|sudoers)\b", category: "system_file_overwrite", message: "复制覆盖关键系统文件被硬阻止", }, // ══════ chmod 危险操作 ══════ HardlinePattern { pattern: r"\bchmod\s+.*777\s+/(?:etc|bin|usr|lib|sbin|boot)\b", category: "dangerous_chmod", message: "对系统目录执行 chmod 777 被硬阻止", }, // ══════ chown 到 root ══════ HardlinePattern { pattern: r"\bchown\s+-R\s+root:root\s+/", category: "chown_root", message: "递归 chown root 到根目录被硬阻止", }, ] }); /// 编译后的 Hardline 正则集合(模块加载时编译一次) static HARDLINE_REGEX_SET: LazyLock = LazyLock::new(|| { let patterns: Vec<&str> = HARDLINE_PATTERNS.iter().map(|p| p.pattern).collect(); RegexSet::new(&patterns).expect("Hardline regex patterns must compile") }); // ── 检查 API ── /// Hardline 检查结果 #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub struct HardlineResult { /// 是否被阻止 pub blocked: bool, /// 阻止原因(供 LLM 查看) pub reason: String, /// 命令类别(供日志分类) pub category: Option, } impl HardlineResult { /// 通过检查 pub fn allowed() -> Self { HardlineResult { blocked: false, reason: String::new(), category: None, } } /// 被拒绝 pub fn denied(reason: String, category: &str) -> Self { HardlineResult { blocked: true, reason, category: Some(category.to_string()), } } } /// 检查命令是否命中 hardline 模式。 /// /// 执行反规避标准化后再匹配,返回第一个命中的模式。 /// /// 注意:此函数在模块导入时冻结 `HERMES_YOLO_MODE`, /// 确保运行时无法通过设置环境变量绕过 hardline 检查。 pub fn check_command(raw_command: &str) -> HardlineResult { let normalized = normalize_command(raw_command); // ── YOLO 模式冻结 ── // YOLO 模式在首次调用时从环境变量读取并缓存, // 后续设置环境变量不会生效(防止注入攻击)。 static YOLO_MODE_FROZEN: LazyLock = LazyLock::new(|| { let val = std::env::var("HERMES_YOLO_MODE") .unwrap_or_default() .to_lowercase(); val == "1" || val == "true" || val == "yes" || val == "on" }); // Hardline 即使在 YOLO 模式下也不可绕过 let _yolo = *YOLO_MODE_FROZEN; let matches: Vec = HARDLINE_REGEX_SET .matches(&normalized) .into_iter() .collect(); if let Some(&idx) = matches.first() { let pattern = &HARDLINE_PATTERNS[idx]; let reason = format!( "⚠️ 命令被硬阻止(安全策略,不可绕过)。\n\ 类别: {}\n\ 原因: {}\n\ 请换用更安全的替代方案实现相同目标。", pattern.category, pattern.message ); HardlineResult::denied(reason, pattern.category) } else { HardlineResult::allowed() } } /// 仅做标准化(不检查 hardline),用于在其他安全检查前预处理命令。 pub fn normalize_only(raw: &str) -> String { normalize_command(raw) } /// 检查命令是否包含危险的重定向操作。 /// 用于 file_write/file_edit 等非 bash 工具的路径安全检查。 pub fn check_dangerous_path(path: &str) -> HardlineResult { let normalized = normalize_command(path); // 检查是否尝试覆盖关键系统文件 let dangerous_prefixes = [ "/etc/passwd", "/etc/shadow", "/etc/sudoers", "/etc/sudoers.d/", "/etc/ssh/", "/root/", "/boot/", "~/.ssh/authorized_keys", "~/.ssh/id_rsa", "~/.ssh/id_ed25519", "~/.netrc", "~/.pgpass", "~/.npmrc", "~/.pypirc", "~/.git-credentials", ]; for prefix in &dangerous_prefixes { if normalized.starts_with(prefix) || normalized.contains(prefix) { return HardlineResult::denied( format!( "路径 '{}' 指向受保护的系统/凭据文件,写入操作被硬阻止。", path ), "sensitive_path", ); } } HardlineResult::allowed() } #[cfg(test)] mod tests { use super::*; // ── 标准化测试 ── #[test] fn test_normalize_backslash_escapes() { assert_eq!(normalize_command(r"r\m"), "rm"); assert_eq!(normalize_command(r"r\m\ \-\r\f"), "rm -rf"); } #[test] fn test_normalize_empty_string_literals() { assert_eq!(normalize_command("r''m"), "rm"); assert_eq!(normalize_command("r\"\"m"), "rm"); } #[test] fn test_normalize_fullwidth() { // 全角 'r' (U+FF52) → 半角 'r' let fullwidth_rm = "\u{FF52}\u{FF4D}"; // rm let normalized = normalize_command(fullwidth_rm); assert_eq!(normalized, "rm"); } #[test] fn test_normalize_ansi_strip() { let cmd = "\x1b[31mrm -rf /\x1b[0m"; let normalized = normalize_command(cmd); assert_eq!(normalized, "rm -rf /"); } #[test] fn test_normalize_null_bytes() { let cmd = "rm\0 -rf\0 /"; let normalized = normalize_command(cmd); assert!(!normalized.contains('\0')); } // ── Hardline 检查测试 ── #[test] fn test_block_shutdown() { let result = check_command("shutdown -h now"); assert!(result.blocked); assert_eq!(result.category.as_deref(), Some("system_shutdown")); } #[test] fn test_block_reboot() { let result = check_command("reboot"); assert!(result.blocked); } #[test] fn test_block_systemctl_poweroff() { let result = check_command("systemctl poweroff"); assert!(result.blocked); } #[test] fn test_block_mkfs() { let result = check_command("mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1"); assert!(result.blocked); } #[test] fn test_block_dd_to_device() { let result = check_command("dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=1M"); assert!(result.blocked); } #[test] fn test_block_dd_to_nvme() { let result = check_command("dd if=image.iso of=/dev/nvme0n1"); assert!(result.blocked); } #[test] fn test_block_rm_rf_root() { let result = check_command("rm -rf /"); assert!(result.blocked); } #[test] fn test_block_rm_rf_root_wildcard() { let result = check_command("rm -rf /*"); assert!(result.blocked); } #[test] fn test_block_fork_bomb() { let result = check_command(":(){ :|:& };:"); assert!(result.blocked); } #[test] fn test_block_kill_minus_one() { let result = check_command("kill -1 1"); assert!(result.blocked); } #[test] fn test_block_redirect_overwrite_passwd() { let result = check_command("echo 'x' > /etc/passwd"); assert!(result.blocked); } #[test] fn test_block_chmod_777_etc() { let result = check_command("chmod -R 777 /etc"); assert!(result.blocked); } #[test] fn test_block_chown_root() { let result = check_command("chown -R root:root /"); assert!(result.blocked); } #[test] fn test_allow_normal_commands() { assert!(!check_command("ls -la").blocked); assert!(!check_command("cargo build").blocked); assert!(!check_command("git status").blocked); assert!(!check_command("python3 -c 'print(1+1)'").blocked); } #[test] fn test_allow_safe_rm() { // rm 单个文件不阻止 assert!(!check_command("rm file.txt").blocked); assert!(!check_command("rm -rf ./node_modules").blocked); } #[test] fn test_allow_dd_to_file() { // dd 写入普通文件不阻止 assert!(!check_command("dd if=/dev/zero of=test.bin bs=1M count=10").blocked); } #[test] fn test_evasion_backslash_escapes() { // r\e\b\o\o\t 应该匹配 reboot let result = check_command(r"r\e\b\o\o\t"); assert!(result.blocked); } #[test] fn test_evasion_empty_quotes() { // r''m 应该匹配 let result = check_command("r''m -rf /"); assert!(result.blocked); } #[test] fn test_dangerous_path_check() { let result = check_dangerous_path("/etc/passwd"); assert!(result.blocked); let result = check_dangerous_path("/home/user/data.txt"); assert!(!result.blocked); } }