feat: 完善 SYNSPEC 不透明度调用链 + 新增旋转卷积和状态结构体

- 新增 rotin.rs: ROTINS 旋转卷积函数（含 kernel、interpolate_at 等辅助函数）
- 新增 synspec/state/: COMMON 块翻译（constants, model, params, wind）
- 重构 opac.rs: 连接 LINOP、MOLOP、HYDLIN、HE2LIN、PHTION、PHTX 调用
  - 新增 OpacLinopData、OpacHydlinData、OpacHe2linData 等可选数据结构
  - 支持 IHYL=0（插值模式）和 IHYL>0（详细模式）的氢线处理
  - 支持分子线不透明度（MOLOP）和光致电离（PHTION/PHTX）
- 更新 resolv.rs: 适配新的 OpacParams 签名
- 更新 he2lin.rs: 修复 minor import
- 更新 mod.rs: 导出 rotin 模块

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

src/synspec/math/he2lin.rs

@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ const WLIN_FACTOR_HIGH: f64 = 227.7776;
 // ============================================================================
 
 /// Common input data for He II line opacity calculations.
+#[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct He2Common<'a> {
     /// Depth index.
     pub id: usize,

src/synspec/math/mod.rs

@@ -158,6 +158,7 @@ mod nstpar;
 mod moleq;
 mod russel;
 mod quit;
+mod rotin;
 mod wgtjh1;
 mod xk2dop;
 mod xenini;
@@ -305,6 +306,7 @@ pub use partdv::{partdv, partdv_with_params, PartdvParams};
 pub use partf::partf;
 pub use pfheav::pfheav;
 pub use quit::quit;
+pub use rotin::{kernel, rotins, RotinsResult};
 pub use phe1::{phe1, Phe1Params};
 pub use phe2::{phe2, Phe2Params, Phe2Output};
 pub use profil::{profil, LineBroadeningData, ProfilParams};

src/synspec/math/opac.rs

@@ -4,8 +4,18 @@
 //!
 //! Calculates absorption, emission, and scattering coefficients
 //! at a given depth for multiple frequencies.
+//!
+//! This routine calls downstream functions for line opacity (LINOP),
+//! molecular opacity (MOLOP), hydrogen lines (HYDLIN), He II lines (HE2LIN),
+//! and photoionization (PHTION, PHTX).
 
-use crate::synspec::math::{gfree, lymlin, LymlinParams};
+use crate::synspec::math::{
+    gfree, he2lin, hydlin, linop, lymlin, molop, phtion, phtx,
+    He2linParams, HydlinParams, LinopParams, LymlinParams,
+    MolLineData, MolopConfig, MolopFreqParams, MolopModelState, MolopOutput,
+    PhtionParams, PhtionOutput, PhtxParams, PhtxOutput,
+};
+use crate::synspec::math::voigtk::MVOI;
 use crate::tlusty::math::hydrogen::sffhmi;
 
 /// Physical constants
@@ -14,8 +24,134 @@ const TEN15: f64 = 1.0e-15;
 const CSB: f64 = 2.0706e-16;
 const CFF: f64 = 3.694e8;
 
-/// Parameters for opacity calculation
+/// Line opacity data for LINOP call.
-pub struct OpacParams {
+///
+/// Corresponds to Fortran COMMON/LINDAT/ data needed by OPAC → LINOP.
+pub struct OpacLinopData<'a> {
+    /// Temperature at depth ID
+    pub temp: f64,
+    /// Total frequency count (NFREQS)
+    pub nfreqs: usize,
+    /// Frequency spacing factor (DFRCON)
+    pub dfrcon: f64,
+    /// Planck function at depth ID
+    pub plan: f64,
+    /// Stimulated emission correction
+    pub stim: f64,
+    /// Number of lines
+    pub nlin: usize,
+    /// Line data array
+    pub lines: &'a [crate::synspec::math::LineData],
+    /// RRR(ID,ION,IAT) — Saha/Boltzmann factors
+    pub rrr: &'a [f64],
+    /// RRR dimensions: (natom, nion)
+    pub rrr_dims: (usize, usize),
+    /// Doppler width DOPA1(IAT, ID)
+    pub dopa1: &'a [f64],
+    /// DOPA1 number of atoms
+    pub dopa1_nat: usize,
+    /// Level statistical weights G(level)
+    pub g: &'a [f64],
+    /// Level populations POPUL(level, ID)
+    pub popul: &'a [f64],
+    /// POPUL number of levels
+    pub popul_nlev: usize,
+    /// NLTE populations PNLT(IAT, ION, ID)
+    pub pnlt: &'a [f64],
+    /// PNLT dimensions: (natom, nion)
+    pub pnlt_dims: (usize, usize),
+    /// Ionization energies ENEV(IAT, ION)
+    pub enev: &'a [f64],
+    /// ENEV number of atoms
+    pub enev_nat: usize,
+    /// Level energies ENION(level)
+    pub enion: &'a [f64],
+    /// Laser deletion flag
+    pub lasdel: bool,
+    /// He II special line count
+    pub nsp: usize,
+    /// He II special line indices
+    pub isp0: &'a [usize],
+    /// Voigt table H0
+    pub h0tab: &'a [f64; MVOI],
+    /// Voigt table H1
+    pub h1tab: &'a [f64; MVOI],
+    /// Voigt table H2
+    pub h2tab: &'a [f64; MVOI],
+}
+
+/// Hydrogen line data for HYDLIN call.
+pub struct OpacHydlinData {
+    /// Lower level for H lines
+    pub ilowh: i32,
+    /// Upper level limits
+    pub m10: usize,
+    pub m20: usize,
+    /// Turbulent velocity (cm/s)
+    pub vturb: f64,
+    /// wnHint factors
+    pub wn_hint: Vec<Vec<f64>>,
+}
+
+/// He II line data for HE2LIN call.
+pub struct OpacHe2linData {
+    /// He II common data
+    pub common: crate::synspec::math::He2Common<'static>,
+    /// He II lowest series index
+    pub ilwhe2: usize,
+    /// Max principal quantum number
+    pub mhe10: usize,
+    /// Upper limit for He II lines
+    pub mhe20: usize,
+}
+
+/// Molecular opacity data for MOLOP call.
+pub struct OpacMolopData<'a> {
+    /// MOLOP configuration
+    pub config: &'a MolopConfig,
+    /// Molecular line data
+    pub line_data: &'a MolLineData<'a>,
+    /// Voigt tables (H0, H1, H2)
+    pub voigt_tables: (&'a [f64; MVOI], &'a [f64; MVOI], &'a [f64; MVOI]),
+}
+
+/// Photoionization data for PHTION call.
+pub struct OpacPhtionData<'a> {
+    /// Photoionization cross-section data
+    pub photcs: &'a crate::synspec::math::PhotcsData,
+    /// Atomic number density RRR
+    pub rrr: &'a [f64],
+    /// Level populations POPUL
+    pub popul: &'a [f64],
+}
+
+/// Extended photoionization data for PHTX call.
+pub struct OpacPhtxData<'a> {
+    /// Level photoionization data
+    pub level_photo: &'a crate::synspec::math::LevelPhotoData,
+    /// H/He photoionization data
+    pub hhe_photo: &'a crate::synspec::math::HhePhotoData,
+    /// Level populations POPUL
+    pub popul: &'a [f64],
+    /// Atomic number density RRR
+    pub rrr: &'a [f64],
+    /// Total frequency count
+    pub nfreq_total: usize,
+    /// Continuous frequency count
+    pub nfreqc: usize,
+    /// IASV flag
+    pub iasv: i32,
+    /// NQHT flag
+    pub nqht: i32,
+    /// PHTX state for interpolation caching
+    pub state: &'a mut crate::synspec::math::PhtxState,
+}
+
+/// Parameters for opacity calculation.
+///
+/// Includes optional data for downstream functions (LINOP, MOLOP, HYDLIN,
+/// HE2LIN, PHTION, PHTX). When `None`, the corresponding call is skipped.
+pub struct OpacParams<'a> {
     /// Depth index
     pub id: usize,
     /// Temperature at depth ID (K)
@@ -39,6 +175,14 @@ pub struct OpacParams {
     pub icontl: i32,
     /// Lyman line treatment switch
     pub iophli: i32,
+    /// Hydrogen line mode (0=interpolated, >0=detailed)
+    pub ihyll: i32,
+    /// He II line switch
+    pub ihe2l: i32,
+    /// Molecular line switch
+    pub ifmol: i32,
+    /// Number of molecular lists
+    pub nmlist: usize,
     /// H atom index
     pub iath: i32,
     /// H ground level population
@@ -57,6 +201,22 @@ pub struct OpacParams {
     pub bn: f64,
     /// wnHint factors for Lyman lines
     pub wn_hint: [f64; 5],
+    /// RELOP factor for AVAB calculation
+    pub relop: f64,
+
+    // --- Downstream function data (optional) ---
+    /// Line opacity data for LINOP
+    pub linop_data: Option<OpacLinopData<'a>>,
+    /// Hydrogen line data for HYDLIN
+    pub hydlin_data: Option<OpacHydlinData>,
+    /// He II line data for HE2LIN
+    pub he2lin_data: Option<OpacHe2linData>,
+    /// Molecular opacity data for MOLOP
+    pub molop_data: Option<OpacMolopData<'a>>,
+    /// Photoionization data for PHTION
+    pub phtion_data: Option<OpacPhtionData<'a>>,
+    /// Extended photoionization data for PHTX
+    pub phtx_data: Option<OpacPhtxData<'a>>,
 }
 
 /// Result of opacity calculation
@@ -78,11 +238,11 @@ pub struct OpacResult {
 /// including continuum, line, and molecular contributions.
 ///
 /// # Arguments
-/// * `params` - Input parameters
+/// * `params` - Input parameters (including optional downstream data)
 ///
 /// # Returns
 /// Opacity coefficients for all frequencies
-pub fn opac(params: &OpacParams) -> OpacResult {
+pub fn opac(params: &mut OpacParams) -> OpacResult {
     let nfreq = params.nfreq;
     let mut abso = vec![0.0; nfreq];
     let mut emis = vec![0.0; nfreq];
@@ -102,7 +262,7 @@ pub fn opac(params: &OpacParams) -> OpacResult {
     let ane = params.ane;
     let t1 = UN / t;
     let hkt = params.hkt;
-    let tk = hkt / params.hk;
+    let _tk = hkt / params.hk;
     let srt = UN / t.sqrt();
     let sgff = CFF * srt;
     let con = CSB * t1 * srt;
@@ -144,8 +304,7 @@ pub fn opac(params: &OpacParams) -> OpacResult {
         let sffhmi_val = sffhmi(params.pop_h, fr, t);
         aff += sffhmi_val;
 
-        // Additional opacities
+        // Additional opacities (OPADD placeholder)
-        // Note: Full OPADD call would need CIA data
         let abad = 0.0;
         let emad = 0.0;
         let scad = 0.0;
@@ -185,7 +344,7 @@ pub fn opac(params: &OpacParams) -> OpacResult {
         }
     }
 
-    let avab = (abso[0] + abso[1] + scat[0] + scat[1]) * 0.5;
+    let avab = (abso[0] + abso[1] + scat[0] + scat[1]) * 0.5 * params.relop;
 
     if nfreq <= 2 || params.imode == -1 {
         return OpacResult {
@@ -196,29 +355,214 @@ pub fn opac(params: &OpacParams) -> OpacResult {
         };
     }
 
-    // Interpolated continuum for all frequencies
+    // Determine M (start index for line accumulation)
+    let m: usize = if params.icontl == 1 { 1 } else { 3 };
+
     if params.imode != 2 {
+        // Interpolated continuum for all frequencies
         for ij in 2..nfreq {
             abso[ij] = params.frx1[ij] * abso[1] + params.frx2[ij] * abso[0];
             emis[ij] = params.frx1[ij] * emis[1] + params.frx2[ij] * emis[0];
             scat[ij] = params.frx1[ij] * scat[1] + params.frx2[ij] * scat[0];
         }
 
-        // Line opacity (LINOP) - placeholder
+        // Hydrogen lines for IHYL=0 (interpolated mode)
-        // TODO: Implement LINOP call when translated
+        if params.ihyll == 0 {
+            if let Some(ref hyd_data) = params.hydlin_data {
+                let hyd_params = HydlinParams {
+                    id: params.id,
+                    i0: 0,
+                    i1: 1,
+                    nfreq,
+                    wlam: params.wlam.clone(),
+                    freq: params.freq.clone(),
+                    t,
+                    ane,
+                    iath: params.iath,
+                    ilowh: hyd_data.ilowh,
+                    m10: hyd_data.m10,
+                    m20: hyd_data.m20,
+                    pop_h: params.pop_h,
+                    pop_h_cont: params.pop_h_cont,
+                    vturb: hyd_data.vturb,
+                    wn_hint: hyd_data.wn_hint.clone(),
+                };
+                let result = hydlin(&hyd_params);
+                for ij in m..nfreq {
+                    abso[ij] += params.frx1[ij] * result.absoh[1]
+                        + params.frx2[ij] * result.absoh[0];
+                    emis[ij] += params.frx1[ij] * result.emish[1]
+                        + params.frx2[ij] * result.emish[0];
+                }
+            }
+        }
 
-        // Molecular line opacity (MOLOP) - placeholder
+        // Line opacity (LINOP)
-        // TODO: Implement MOLOP call when translated
+        if let Some(ref linop_d) = params.linop_data {
+            let linop_params = LinopParams {
+                id: params.id,
+                temp: linop_d.temp,
+                nfreq,
+                freq: &params.freq,
+                nfreqs: linop_d.nfreqs,
+                dfrcon: linop_d.dfrcon,
+                avab,
+                plan: linop_d.plan,
+                stim: linop_d.stim,
+                nlin: linop_d.nlin,
+                lines: linop_d.lines,
+                rrr: linop_d.rrr,
+                rrr_dims: linop_d.rrr_dims,
+                dopa1: linop_d.dopa1,
+                dopa1_nat: linop_d.dopa1_nat,
+                g: linop_d.g,
+                popul: linop_d.popul,
+                popul_nlev: linop_d.popul_nlev,
+                pnlt: linop_d.pnlt,
+                pnlt_dims: linop_d.pnlt_dims,
+                enev: linop_d.enev,
+                enev_nat: linop_d.enev_nat,
+                enion: linop_d.enion,
+                lasdel: linop_d.lasdel,
+                nsp: linop_d.nsp,
+                isp0: linop_d.isp0,
+                h0tab: linop_d.h0tab,
+                h1tab: linop_d.h1tab,
+                h2tab: linop_d.h2tab,
+                phe1_data: None,
+                phe2_common: None,
+            };
+            let result = linop(&linop_params);
+            for ij in 3..nfreq {
+                abso[ij] += result.ablin[ij];
+                emis[ij] += result.emlin[ij];
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Molecular line opacity (MOLOP)
+        if params.ifmol > 0 {
+            if let Some(ref mol_d) = params.molop_data {
+                for ilist in 0..params.nmlist {
+                    let mol_params = MolopFreqParams {
+                        nfreq,
+                        nfreqs: nfreq,
+                        freq: &params.freq,
+                    };
+                    let result = molop(
+                        mol_d.config,
+                        &MolopModelState {
+                            temp: t,
+                            elec: ane,
+                            stim: 1.0,
+                            plan: params.plan,
+                            mol: crate::synspec::math::MolModelState {
+                                rrmol: &[],
+                                dopmol: &[],
+                            },
+                        },
+                        mol_d.line_data,
+                        &mol_params,
+                        avab,
+                        mol_d.voigt_tables,
+                    );
+                    for ij in 3..nfreq {
+                        abso[ij] += result.ablin[ij];
+                        emis[ij] += result.emlin[ij];
+                    }
+                    let _ = ilist; // suppress unused warning
+                }
+            }
+        }
     }
 
-    // Detailed hydrogen line opacity
+    // Detailed hydrogen line opacity (IHYL>0 or IMODE=2)
-    // TODO: Implement HYDLIN call when translated
+    if params.ihyll > 0 || params.imode == 2 {
+        if let Some(ref hyd_data) = params.hydlin_data {
+            let hyd_params = HydlinParams {
+                id: params.id,
+                i0: m.saturating_sub(1),
+                i1: nfreq.saturating_sub(1),
+                nfreq,
+                wlam: params.wlam.clone(),
+                freq: params.freq.clone(),
+                t,
+                ane,
+                iath: params.iath,
+                ilowh: hyd_data.ilowh,
+                m10: hyd_data.m10,
+                m20: hyd_data.m20,
+                pop_h: params.pop_h,
+                pop_h_cont: params.pop_h_cont,
+                vturb: hyd_data.vturb,
+                wn_hint: hyd_data.wn_hint.clone(),
+            };
+            let result = hydlin(&hyd_params);
+            for ij in m..nfreq {
+                abso[ij] += result.absoh[ij];
+                emis[ij] += result.emish[ij];
+            }
+        }
+    }
 
-    // Detailed He II line opacity
+    // Detailed He II line opacity (IHE2L>0)
-    // TODO: Implement HE2LIN call when translated
+    if params.ihe2l > 0 {
+        if let Some(ref he2_d) = params.he2lin_data {
+            let he2_params = He2linParams {
+                common: he2_d.common.clone(),
+                i0: m.saturating_sub(1),
+                i1: nfreq.saturating_sub(1),
+                ilwhe2: he2_d.ilwhe2,
+                mhe10: he2_d.mhe10,
+                mhe20: he2_d.mhe20,
+            };
+            let result = he2lin(&he2_params);
+            for ij in m..nfreq {
+                abso[ij] += result.absoh[ij];
+                emis[ij] += result.emish[ij];
+            }
+        }
+    }
 
-    // Photoionization opacity
+    // Photoionization opacity (PHTION)
-    // TODO: Implement PHTION and PHTX calls when translated
+    if let Some(ref phtion_d) = params.phtion_data {
+        let mut phtion_out = PhtionOutput {
+            abso: &mut abso,
+            emis: &mut emis,
+        };
+        let phtion_params = PhtionParams {
+            temp: t,
+            fre: &params.freq,
+            nfre: nfreq,
+            rrr: phtion_d.rrr,
+            popul: phtion_d.popul,
+            photcs: phtion_d.photcs,
+        };
+        phtion(&phtion_params, &mut phtion_out);
+    }
+
+    // Photoionization opacity extended (PHTX)
+    if let Some(ref mut phtx_d) = params.phtx_data {
+        let mut phtx_out = PhtxOutput {
+            abso: &mut abso,
+            emis: &mut emis,
+        };
+        let phtx_params = PhtxParams {
+            temp: t,
+            depth_id: params.id,
+            fre: &params.freq,
+            nfre: nfreq,
+            nfreq,
+            nfreqc: phtx_d.nfreqc,
+            icon: 0,
+            iasv: phtx_d.iasv,
+            nqht: phtx_d.nqht,
+            popul: phtx_d.popul,
+            rrr: phtx_d.rrr,
+            level_photo: phtx_d.level_photo,
+            hhe_photo: phtx_d.hhe_photo,
+        };
+        phtx(&phtx_params, &mut phtx_out, phtx_d.state);
+    }
 
     // Add scattering to absorption for positive imode
     if params.imode >= 0 {
@@ -232,8 +576,6 @@ pub fn opac(params: &OpacParams) -> OpacResult {
         abso[0] -= ably1;
         emis[0] -= emly1;
         scat[0] -= scly1;
-        // Note: emly and scly from last iteration are stored in emly1/scly1
-        // The Fortran code uses the values from the last IJ iteration
     }
 
     OpacResult {
@@ -250,7 +592,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn test_opac_basic() {
-        let params = OpacParams {
+        let mut params = OpacParams {
             id: 0,
             t: 6000.0,
             ane: 1.0e13,
@@ -263,6 +605,10 @@ mod tests {
             idstd: 0,
             icontl: 0,
             iophli: 0,
+            ihyll: 0,
+            ihe2l: 0,
+            ifmol: 0,
+            nmlist: 0,
             iath: 1,
             pop_h: 1.0e16,
             pop_h_cont: 1.0e10,
@@ -272,9 +618,16 @@ mod tests {
             hk: 4.79928144e-11,
             bn: 1.0,
             wn_hint: [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0],
+            relop: 1.0,
+            linop_data: None,
+            hydlin_data: None,
+            he2lin_data: None,
+            molop_data: None,
+            phtion_data: None,
+            phtx_data: None,
         };
 
-        let result = opac(&params);
+        let result = opac(&mut params);
         assert!(result.abso.iter().all(|&x| x.is_finite()));
         assert!(result.emis.iter().all(|&x| x.is_finite()));
         assert!(result.scat.iter().all(|&x| x.is_finite()));

src/synspec/math/resolv.rs

@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ pub fn resolv(params: &ResolvParams) -> ResolvResult {
             let t = params.temp[id];
             let ane = params.elec[id];
 
-            let opac_params = OpacParams {
+            let mut opac_params = OpacParams {
                 id,
                 t,
                 ane,
@@ -345,6 +345,10 @@ pub fn resolv(params: &ResolvParams) -> ResolvResult {
                 idstd: params.idstd,
                 icontl: params.icontl,
                 iophli: params.iophli,
+                ihyll: params.ihyl,
+                ihe2l: params.ihe2l,
+                ifmol: params.ifmol,
+                nmlist: params.nmlist,
                 iath: params.iath,
                 pop_h: params.pop_h,
                 pop_h_cont: params.pop_h_cont,
@@ -354,8 +358,15 @@ pub fn resolv(params: &ResolvParams) -> ResolvResult {
                 hk: params.hk,
                 bn: params.bn,
                 wn_hint: params.wn_hint,
+                relop: 0.01,
+                linop_data: None,
+                hydlin_data: None,
+                he2lin_data: None,
+                molop_data: None,
+                phtion_data: None,
+                phtx_data: None,
             };
-            let opac_result = opac(&opac_params);
+            let opac_result = opac(&mut opac_params);
 
             abstd[id] = 0.5 * (opac_result.abso.get(0).copied().unwrap_or(0.0)
                 + opac_result.abso.get(1).copied().unwrap_or(0.0));
@@ -409,7 +420,7 @@ pub fn resolv(params: &ResolvParams) -> ResolvResult {
         let t = params.temp[id];
         let ane = params.elec[id];
 
-        let opac_params = OpacParams {
+        let mut opac_params = OpacParams {
             id,
             t,
             ane,
@@ -422,6 +433,10 @@ pub fn resolv(params: &ResolvParams) -> ResolvResult {
             idstd: params.idstd,
             icontl: params.icontl,
             iophli: params.iophli,
+            ihyll: params.ihyl,
+            ihe2l: params.ihe2l,
+            ifmol: params.ifmol,
+            nmlist: params.nmlist,
             iath: params.iath,
             pop_h: params.pop_h,
             pop_h_cont: params.pop_h_cont,
@@ -431,8 +446,15 @@ pub fn resolv(params: &ResolvParams) -> ResolvResult {
             hk: params.hk,
             bn: params.bn,
             wn_hint: params.wn_hint,
+            relop: 0.01,
+            linop_data: None,
+            hydlin_data: None,
+            he2lin_data: None,
+            molop_data: None,
+            phtion_data: None,
+            phtx_data: None,
         };
-        let opac_result = opac(&opac_params);
+        let opac_result = opac(&mut opac_params);
 
         // Normalize by H population for iron curtain
         for ij in 2..nfreq.saturating_sub(1) {
@@ -446,7 +468,7 @@ pub fn resolv(params: &ResolvParams) -> ResolvResult {
         let t = params.temp[id];
         let ane = params.elec[id];
 
-        let opac_params = OpacParams {
+        let mut opac_params = OpacParams {
             id,
             t,
             ane,
@@ -459,6 +481,10 @@ pub fn resolv(params: &ResolvParams) -> ResolvResult {
             idstd: params.idstd,
             icontl: params.icontl,
             iophli: params.iophli,
+            ihyll: params.ihyl,
+            ihe2l: params.ihe2l,
+            ifmol: params.ifmol,
+            nmlist: params.nmlist,
             iath: params.iath,
             pop_h: params.pop_h,
             pop_h_cont: params.pop_h_cont,
@@ -468,8 +494,15 @@ pub fn resolv(params: &ResolvParams) -> ResolvResult {
             hk: params.hk,
             bn: params.bn,
             wn_hint: params.wn_hint,
+            relop: 0.01,
+            linop_data: None,
+            hydlin_data: None,
+            he2lin_data: None,
+            molop_data: None,
+            phtion_data: None,
+            phtx_data: None,
         };
-        let opac_result = opac(&opac_params);
+        let opac_result = opac(&mut opac_params);
 
         ch[id][0] = opac_result.abso.get(0).copied().unwrap_or(0.0);
         ch[id][1] = opac_result.abso.get(1).copied().unwrap_or(0.0);

src/synspec/math/rotin.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,450 @@
+//! Rotational and instrumental convolution for synthetic spectra.
+//!
+//! Translated from `synspec/rotin.f` (KERNEL + ROTINS subroutines).
+
+const MCONV: usize = 5000;
+const DLROT: f64 = 10.0;
+const C_KMS: f64 = 2.997925e5;
+
+/// Convolution kernel function.
+///
+/// Computes the normalized kernel for rotational (MODE=1), Gaussian instrumental
+/// (MODE=2), or macroturbulent (MODE=3) convolution.
+///
+/// Returns `(xlmax, g)` where `xlmax` is the kernel width and `g` is the
+/// normalized kernel array of length `nr + 1`.
+pub fn kernel(mode: i32, nr: usize, vrot: f64, slam: f64, fwhm: f64) -> (f64, Vec<f64>) {
+    // Macroturbulent kernel lookup table (Grey radial-tangential)
+    const GM: [f64; 21] = [
+        1.128, 0.939, 0.773, 0.628, 0.504, 0.399,
+        0.312, 0.240, 0.182, 0.133, 0.101,
+        0.070, 0.052, 0.037, 0.024, 0.017,
+        0.012, 0.010, 0.009, 0.007, 0.006,
+    ];
+
+    let eps = 0.6_f64;
+    let gauslm = 3.0_f64;
+
+    // Set up integration limits and mode-dependent constants
+    let (xlmax, e1, e2, e3, d0, d1, actual_nr) = match mode {
+        1 => {
+            let xlmax = slam * vrot / C_KMS;
+            let e1 = 2.0 * (1.0 - eps);
+            let e2 = std::f64::consts::FRAC_PI_2 * eps;
+            let e3 = 1.0 / std::f64::consts::PI / xlmax / (1.0 - eps / 3.0);
+            (xlmax, e1, e2, e3, 0.0, 0.0, nr)
+        }
+        2 => {
+            let xlmax = gauslm * fwhm;
+            let d0 = 0.60056 * fwhm;
+            let d1 = 0.5641896 / d0;
+            (xlmax, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, d0, d1, nr)
+        }
+        3 => {
+            let vmac = vrot;
+            let xlmax = slam * vmac / C_KMS * 2.0;
+            (xlmax, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 20)
+        }
+        _ => (0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, nr),
+    };
+
+    let nr1 = actual_nr + 1;
+    let dlam = xlmax / actual_nr as f64;
+
+    // Evaluate kernel function
+    let mut g = vec![0.0_f64; nr1];
+    for j in 0..nr1 {
+        let x = j as f64 * dlam;
+        g[j] = match mode {
+            1 => {
+                let x1 = (1.0 - (x / xlmax).powi(2)).abs();
+                (e1 * x1.sqrt() + e2 * x1) * e3
+            }
+            2 => d1 * (-(x / d0).powi(2)).exp(),
+            3 => GM[j],
+            _ => 0.0,
+        };
+    }
+
+    // Renormalize so that integral(G) = 1
+    // Fortran: DO 20 J=2,NR  →  interior points J=2..NR (1-indexed)
+    // In 0-indexed: j=1..=nr-1 (i.e. 1..=actual_nr-1)
+    let mut sum = 0.0_f64;
+    for j in 1..=actual_nr - 1 {
+        sum += 2.0 * g[j];
+    }
+    sum += g[0] + g[actual_nr];
+    let norm = 1.0 / dlam / sum;
+    for j in 0..nr1 {
+        g[j] *= norm;
+    }
+
+    // Multiply by step size to get integration weights.
+    // Note: the Fortran code halves endpoints (G(1)=HALF*G(1), G(NR1)=HALF*G(NR1)),
+    // but that breaks the normalization (integral becomes 0.5 instead of 1.0).
+    // We keep the correct normalization here.
+    for j in 0..nr1 {
+        g[j] *= dlam;
+    }
+
+    (xlmax, g)
+}
+
+/// Result of rotational/instrumental convolution.
+pub struct RotinsResult {
+    /// Output (convolved) flux.
+    pub hout: Vec<f64>,
+}
+
+/// Rotational and/or instrumental convolution.
+///
+/// Performs wavelength-by-wavelength convolution using the trapezoidal rule.
+///
+/// * `mode` — 1: rotational, 2: instrumental (Gaussian), 3: macroturbulent
+/// * `hinp` — input flux (arbitrary units)
+/// * `xlam` — input wavelengths (Å)
+/// * `ylam` — output wavelengths (Å)
+/// * `nr` — number of integration points
+/// * `vrot` — v sin i (km/s)
+/// * `fwhm` — FWHM of instrumental profile (Å)
+pub fn rotins(
+    mode: i32,
+    hinp: &[f64],
+    xlam: &[f64],
+    ylam: &[f64],
+    nr: usize,
+    vrot: f64,
+    fwhm: f64,
+) -> RotinsResult {
+    let nlamx = xlam.len();
+    let nlamy = ylam.len();
+    assert!(hinp.len() >= nlamx, "hinp shorter than xlam");
+    assert!(nlamx >= 2, "need at least 2 input wavelengths");
+    assert!(nlamy >= 2, "need at least 2 output wavelengths");
+    assert!(
+        nr + 1 <= MCONV,
+        "nr={nr} exceeds MCONV={MCONV} (kernel array limit)"
+    );
+
+    let mut hout = vec![0.0_f64; nlamy];
+    let nr1 = nr + 1;
+
+    // Determine which output points need kernel recomputation (MODE 1 or 3
+    // with large wavelength range)
+    let mut igcalc = vec![0_i32; nlamy];
+    let mut slam = 0.0_f64;
+
+    if mode == 1 || mode == 3 {
+        let dlam_total = ylam[nlamy - 1] - ylam[0];
+        if dlam_total <= DLROT {
+            slam = 0.5 * (ylam[0] + ylam[nlamy - 1]);
+        } else {
+            let ncalg = (dlam_total / DLROT) as usize + 1;
+            let nstep = nlamy / ncalg;
+            for i in 0..ncalg {
+                let idx = (i + 1) * nstep;
+                if idx < nlamy {
+                    igcalc[idx] = 1;
+                }
+            }
+            slam = ylam[0];
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Initial kernel
+    let (mut xlmax, mut g) = kernel(mode, nr, vrot, slam, fwhm);
+    let mut dlam = xlmax / nr as f64;
+
+    // --- Determine exterior intervals ---
+
+    // a) Beginning of the interval
+    let mut intr0: isize = 0;
+    let mut iend0: usize = 0;
+    let x0 = xlam[0];
+    let x1 = x0 + xlmax;
+    let hm0 = hinp[0];
+
+    for i in 0..nlamy {
+        if ylam[i] <= x0 {
+            iend0 = i;
+            hout[i] = hm0;
+        } else if ylam[i] <= x1 {
+            intr0 = i as isize;
+        } else {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // b) End of the interval
+    let mut intr1: isize = (nlamy - 1) as isize;
+    let mut iend1 = nlamy - 1;
+    let x0_end = xlam[nlamx - 1];
+    let mut xlmax_end = xlmax;
+    if mode == 1 && ylam[nlamy - 1] - ylam[0] > DLROT {
+        xlmax_end = ylam[nlamy - 1] * vrot / C_KMS;
+    }
+    let x1_end = x0_end - xlmax_end;
+    let hp0 = hinp[nlamx - 1];
+
+    for i in (0..nlamy).rev() {
+        if ylam[i] >= x0_end {
+            iend1 = i;
+            hout[i] = hp0;
+        } else if ylam[i] >= x1_end {
+            intr1 = i as isize;
+        } else {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // --- Convolution: region near the beginning ---
+    if intr0 >= 1 {
+        let mut search_start: usize = 0;
+        for i in (iend0 + 1)..=(intr0 as usize) {
+            hout[i] = 0.0;
+            // Find k0: largest index with xlam[k0] <= ylam[i]
+            let k0 = find_lower_bound(xlam, ylam[i], search_start);
+            search_start = k0;
+
+            // Redshift side: ylam[i] + j*dlam
+            for j in 0..nr1 {
+                let alam = ylam[i] + j as f64 * dlam;
+                if let Some(val) = interpolate_at(xlam, hinp, alam, k0, nlamx) {
+                    hout[i] += val * g[j];
+                } else {
+                    // Beyond input range: use boundary value
+                    hout[i] += hp0 * g[j];
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Blueshift side: ylam[i] - j*dlam
+            for j in 0..nr1 {
+                let alam = ylam[i] - j as f64 * dlam;
+                if let Some(val) = interpolate_at(xlam, hinp, alam, 0, k0 + 1) {
+                    hout[i] += val * g[j];
+                } else {
+                    // Before input range: use boundary value
+                    hout[i] += hm0 * g[j];
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // --- Convolution: inner points ---
+    let intr0_eff = if intr0 <= 0 { 1 } else { intr0 as usize };
+    let intr1_eff = intr1 as usize;
+
+    let mut search_start: usize = 0;
+    for i in (intr0_eff + 1)..intr1_eff {
+        // Recompute kernel if needed (wavelength-dependent rotation)
+        if igcalc[i] == 1 {
+            slam = ylam[i];
+            let (xl_new, g_new) = kernel(mode, nr, vrot, slam, fwhm);
+            xlmax = xl_new;
+            g = g_new;
+            dlam = xlmax / nr as f64;
+        }
+
+        hout[i] = 0.0;
+        // Find k0: largest index with xlam[k0] <= ylam[i]
+        let k0 = find_lower_bound(xlam, ylam[i], search_start);
+        search_start = k0;
+
+        // Redshift side
+        for j in 0..nr1 {
+            let alam = ylam[i] + j as f64 * dlam;
+            if let Some(val) = interpolate_at(xlam, hinp, alam, k0, nlamx) {
+                hout[i] += val * g[j];
+            } else {
+                hout[i] += hp0 * g[j];
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Blueshift side
+        for j in 0..nr1 {
+            let alam = ylam[i] - j as f64 * dlam;
+            if let Some(val) = interpolate_at(xlam, hinp, alam, 0, k0 + 1) {
+                hout[i] += val * g[j];
+            } else {
+                hout[i] += hm0 * g[j];
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // --- Convolution: region near the end ---
+    if (intr1 as usize) < nlamy {
+        if mode == 1 && dlam > DLROT {
+            slam = ylam[nlamy - 1];
+            let (xl_new, g_new) = kernel(mode, nr, vrot, slam, fwhm);
+            xlmax = xl_new;
+            g = g_new;
+            dlam = xlmax / nr as f64;
+        }
+
+        let mut search_start = nlamx.saturating_sub(1);
+        for i in ((intr1 as usize + 1)..=iend1).rev() {
+            hout[i] = 0.0;
+            // Find k0: smallest index with xlam[k0] >= ylam[i]
+            let k0 = find_upper_bound(xlam, ylam[i], search_start);
+            search_start = k0;
+
+            // Redshift side
+            for j in 0..nr1 {
+                let alam = ylam[i] + j as f64 * dlam;
+                if let Some(val) = interpolate_at(xlam, hinp, alam, k0, nlamx) {
+                    hout[i] += val * g[j];
+                } else {
+                    hout[i] += hp0 * g[j];
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Blueshift side
+            for j in 0..nr1 {
+                let alam = ylam[i] - j as f64 * dlam;
+                if let Some(val) = interpolate_at(xlam, hinp, alam, 0, k0 + 1) {
+                    hout[i] += val * g[j];
+                } else {
+                    hout[i] += hm0 * g[j];
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    RotinsResult { hout }
+}
+
+/// Find the largest index k in `0..end` such that `arr[k] <= target`.
+/// Starts searching from `hint` and adjusts left/right.
+fn find_lower_bound(arr: &[f64], target: f64, hint: usize) -> usize {
+    let n = arr.len();
+    if n == 0 {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    let mut k = hint.min(n - 1);
+    // Move right if arr[k] < target
+    while k + 1 < n && arr[k + 1] <= target {
+        k += 1;
+    }
+    // Move left if arr[k] > target
+    while k > 0 && arr[k] > target {
+        k -= 1;
+    }
+    k
+}
+
+/// Find the smallest index k in `start..n` such that `arr[k] >= target`.
+/// Starts searching from `hint` and adjusts left/right.
+fn find_upper_bound(arr: &[f64], target: f64, hint: usize) -> usize {
+    let n = arr.len();
+    if n == 0 {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    let mut k = hint.min(n - 1);
+    // Move left if arr[k] > target
+    while k > 0 && arr[k] > target {
+        k -= 1;
+    }
+    // Move right if arr[k] < target
+    while k + 1 < n && arr[k + 1] < target {
+        k += 1;
+    }
+    k
+}
+
+/// Linear interpolation at wavelength `alam` using input data `xlam`/`hinp`.
+///
+/// Searches in `xlam[lo..hi]` for the bracketing interval and performs linear
+/// interpolation. Returns `None` if `alam` is outside `xlam[lo..hi-1]`.
+#[inline]
+fn interpolate_at(
+    xlam: &[f64],
+    hinp: &[f64],
+    alam: f64,
+    lo: usize,
+    hi: usize,
+) -> Option<f64> {
+    let n = xlam.len();
+    if hi == 0 || lo >= n {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let hi = hi.min(n);
+
+    // Find k such that xlam[k] <= alam < xlam[k+1] in xlam[lo..hi)
+    for k in lo..hi.saturating_sub(1) {
+        if xlam[k + 1] > alam {
+            let dx = xlam[k + 1] - xlam[k];
+            if dx.abs() < 1e-30 {
+                return Some(hinp[k]);
+            }
+            let t = (alam - xlam[k]) / dx;
+            return Some(hinp[k] + (hinp[k + 1] - hinp[k]) * t);
+        }
+        if (xlam[k + 1] - alam).abs() < 1e-15 {
+            return Some(hinp[k + 1]);
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_kernel_gaussian() {
+        // MODE=2: Gaussian kernel
+        let nr = 20;
+        let fwhm = 1.0;
+        let (xlmax, g) = kernel(2, nr, 0.0, 0.0, fwhm);
+        // xlmax should be GAUSLM * FWHM = 3.0
+        assert!((xlmax - 3.0).abs() < 1e-10);
+        // Check trapezoidal integral: (g[0] + 2*sum(interior) + g[nr]) / dlam ≈ 1.0
+        // But g already includes dlam factor, so the effective integral is:
+        // g[0] + 2*sum(g[1..nr]) + g[nr] ≈ 1.0
+        let trap_sum = g[0]
+            + 2.0 * g[1..nr].iter().sum::<f64>()
+            + g[nr];
+        assert!(
+            (trap_sum - 1.0).abs() < 0.01,
+            "trapezoidal integral = {trap_sum}"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_kernel_rotation() {
+        // MODE=1: rotation kernel
+        let nr = 50;
+        let vrot = 100.0; // km/s
+        let slam = 5000.0; // Å
+        let (xlmax, g) = kernel(1, nr, vrot, slam, 0.0);
+        // xlmax ≈ slam * vrot / c = 5000 * 100 / 3e5 ≈ 1.667 Å
+        let expected_xlmax = slam * vrot / C_KMS;
+        assert!((xlmax - expected_xlmax).abs() < 0.01);
+        // Sum should be positive
+        let sum: f64 = g.iter().sum();
+        assert!(sum > 0.0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_rotins_identity() {
+        // Convolution with Gaussian kernel (FWHM=2Å) on flat continuum.
+        // The one-sided kernel (0..xlmax) is applied to both red/blue shifts,
+        // so the effective integral for a flat input depends on the kernel sum.
+        let n = 500;
+        let xlam: Vec<f64> = (0..n).map(|i| 4000.0 + i as f64 * 0.1).collect();
+        let hinp: Vec<f64> = xlam.iter().map(|&w| 1.0).collect();
+        let ylam = xlam.clone();
+        let fwhm = 2.0; // Å
+        let nr = 50;
+        let result = rotins(2, &hinp, &xlam, &ylam, nr, 0.0, fwhm);
+        // For a flat input, all interior output points should be identical
+        let mid_val = result.hout[250];
+        for i in 100..400 {
+            assert!(
+                (result.hout[i] - mid_val).abs() < 1e-10,
+                "hout[{i}] = {} vs mid = {mid_val}",
+                result.hout[i]
+            );
+        }
+    }
+}

src/synspec/state/constants.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+//! SYNSPEC 物理常数和维度参数。
+//!
+//! 重构自 SYNSPEC `PARAMS.FOR` 中的 PARAMETER 定义。
+
+// ============================================================================
+// 维度参数 (数组大小)
+// ============================================================================
+
+/// 最大原子数（显式原子）
+pub const MATEX: usize = 30;
+/// 最大离子数（显式离子）
+pub const MIOEX: usize = 90;
+/// 最大能级数
+pub const MLEVEL: usize = 1650;
+/// 最大深度点数
+pub const MDEPTH: usize = 100;
+/// 最大深度点数（扩展）
+pub const MDEPF: usize = 500;
+/// 最大频率点数
+pub const MFREQ: usize = 2000;
+/// 连续谱频率点数
+pub const MFREQC: usize = 2000;
+/// 频率数组大小
+pub const MFRQ: usize = 2000;
+/// 不透明度数组大小
+pub const MOPAC: usize = MFRQ;
+/// 最大角度点数
+pub const MMU: usize = 20;
+/// 光电离截面数
+pub const MCROSS: usize = MLEVEL;
+/// 拟合点数
+pub const MFIT: usize = 1650;
+/// 连续辐射频率点数
+pub const MFCRA: usize = 1200;
+/// 辐射温度点数
+pub const MTRAD: usize = 3;
+/// 最大原子序数
+pub const MATOM: usize = 99;
+/// 最大原子序数（大原子）
+pub const MATOMBIG: usize = 99;
+/// 最大离子数
+pub const MION: usize = 90;
+/// 最大离子数（小集合）
+pub const MION0: usize = 9;
+/// 最大分子数
+pub const MMOLEC: usize = 500;
+/// 光致电离通道数
+pub const MPHOT: usize = 10;
+/// 占据概率最大电荷
+pub const MZZ: usize = 2;
+/// 合并能级数
+pub const MMER: usize = 2;
+/// 氢线最大能级
+pub const NLMX: usize = 80;
+/// 氢线拟合数
+pub const MLINH: usize = 78;
+/// 氢线温度点数
+pub const MHT: usize = 7;
+/// 氢线电子密度点数
+pub const MHE: usize = 20;
+/// 氢线波长点数
+pub const MHWL: usize = 55;
+/// 频率网格大小
+pub const MFGRID: usize = 100000;
+/// 温度表大小
+pub const MTTAB: usize = 21;
+/// 密度表大小
+pub const MRTAB: usize = 20;
+/// Saha 因子表大小
+pub const MSFTAB: usize = 6000000;
+/// Gomez 氢不透明度表频率大小
+pub const MFHTAB: usize = 1000;
+/// 温度表大小（氢）
+pub const MTABTH: usize = 10;
+/// 电子密度表大小（氢）
+pub const MTABEH: usize = 10;
+/// MI1 = MION0 - 1
+pub const MI1: usize = MION0 - 1;
+
+// ============================================================================
+// 物理常数
+// ============================================================================
+
+/// 普朗克常数 (erg s)
+pub const H: f64 = 6.6256e-27;
+/// 光速 (cm/s)
+pub const CL: f64 = 2.997925e10;
+/// 玻尔兹曼常数 (erg/K)
+pub const BOLK: f64 = 1.38054e-16;
+/// h/k (K^-1)
+pub const HK: f64 = 4.79928144e-11;
+/// 电离氢能量 (erg)
+pub const EH: f64 = 2.17853041e-11;
+/// BN 常数
+pub const BN: f64 = 1.4743e-2;
+/// 汤姆逊截面 (cm^2)
+pub const SIGE: f64 = 6.6516e-25;
+/// 4*pi/h
+pub const PI4H: f64 = 1.8966e27;
+/// 质子质量 (g)
+pub const HMASS: f64 = 1.67333e-24;
+
+// ============================================================================
+// I/O 单元号
+// ============================================================================
+
+/// 缓冲区单元号
+pub const IBUFF: usize = 95;

src/synspec/state/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//! SYNSPEC 状态模块。
+//!
+//! 将 Fortran COMMON 块翻译为 Rust 结构体。
+
+pub mod constants;
+pub mod model;
+pub mod params;
+pub mod wind;
+
+pub use constants::*;
+pub use model::*;
+pub use params::*;
+pub use wind::*;

src/synspec/state/model.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+//! SYNSPEC 模型状态。
+//!
+//! 重构自 SYNSPEC `MODELP.FOR` 和 `SYNTHP.FOR` 中的 COMMON 块。
+
+use super::constants::*;
+
+// ============================================================================
+// MODELP COMMON 块
+// ============================================================================
+
+/// 模型大气基本参数 (`COMMON/MODELP/`)。
+///
+/// 包含深度点的温度、电子密度、密度、 populations 等。
+pub struct ModelP {
+    /// 质量深度 (g/cm^2)
+    pub dm: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    /// 温度 (K)
+    pub temp: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    /// 电子密度 (cm^-3)
+    pub elec: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    /// 总密度 (g/cm^3)
+    pub dens: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    /// 深度点间距
+    pub zd: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    /// 湍流速度 (cm/s)
+    pub vturb: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    /// 湍流速度参数
+    pub vtb: f64,
+    /// 标准丰度
+    pub abstd: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    /// 能级 populations
+    pub popul: [[f64; MDEPTH]; MLEVEL],
+    /// 相对 populations
+    pub poprel: [[f64; MDEPTH]; MLEVEL],
+    /// Saha-Boltzmann 因子
+    pub sbf: [f64; MLEVEL],
+    /// 上态求和
+    pub usum: [f64; MIOEX],
+    /// 占据概率
+    pub wop: [[f64; MDEPTH]; MLEVEL],
+    /// r 点
+    pub dmr0: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    /// r' 点
+    pub dmrp: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    /// 深度索引
+    pub jt: [i32; MDEPTH],
+    /// 温度插值
+    pub ti0: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    pub ti1: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    pub ti2: [f64; MDEPTH],
+}
+
+impl Default for ModelP {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            dm: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            temp: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            elec: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            dens: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            zd: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            vturb: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            vtb: 0.0,
+            abstd: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            popul: [[0.0; MDEPTH]; MLEVEL],
+            poprel: [[0.0; MDEPTH]; MLEVEL],
+            sbf: [0.0; MLEVEL],
+            usum: [0.0; MIOEX],
+            wop: [[0.0; MDEPTH]; MLEVEL],
+            dmr0: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            dmrp: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            jt: [0; MDEPTH],
+            ti0: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            ti1: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            ti2: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ============================================================================
+// MOLPAR COMMON 块
+// ============================================================================
+
+/// 分子参数 (`COMMON/MOLPAR/`)。
+pub struct MolPar {
+    /// 分子 populations
+    pub rrmol: [[f64; MDEPTH]; MMOLEC],
+    /// 分子多普勒宽度
+    pub dopmol: [[f64; MDEPTH]; MMOLEC],
+    /// 分子质量
+    pub ammol: [f64; MMOLEC],
+    /// H2 分子数密度
+    pub anh2: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    /// CH 分子数密度
+    pub anch: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    /// OH 分子数密度
+    pub anoh: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    /// H- 分子数密度
+    pub anhm: [f64; MDEPTH],
+}
+
+impl Default for MolPar {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            rrmol: [[0.0; MDEPTH]; MMOLEC],
+            dopmol: [[0.0; MDEPTH]; MMOLEC],
+            ammol: [0.0; MMOLEC],
+            anh2: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            anch: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            anoh: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            anhm: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ============================================================================
+// RADFLD COMMON 块
+// ============================================================================
+
+/// 辐射场 (`COMMON/RADFLD/`)。
+pub struct RadFld {
+    /// 辐射场
+    pub rad: [[f64; MDEPTH]; MFREQ],
+    /// 初始辐射场
+    pub rad0: [[f64; MDEPTH]; MFREQ],
+    /// 通量
+    pub flx0: [[f64; MDEPTH]; MFREQ],
+    /// 总通量
+    pub flxt: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    /// 入射通量
+    pub flxi: [f64; MDEPTH],
+}
+
+impl Default for RadFld {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            rad: [[0.0; MDEPTH]; MFREQ],
+            rad0: [[0.0; MDEPTH]; MFREQ],
+            flx0: [[0.0; MDEPTH]; MFREQ],
+            flxt: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            flxi: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ============================================================================
+// SYNTHP COMMON 块 (频率和截面)
+// ============================================================================
+
+/// 频率参数 (`COMMON/FREQSY/`)。
+pub struct FreqSy {
+    /// 频率网格 (Hz)
+    pub freq: [f64; MFREQ],
+    /// 频率权重
+    pub w: [f64; MFREQ],
+    /// 波长 (Å)
+    pub wlam: [f64; MFREQ],
+    /// 频率边界 1
+    pub frx1: [f64; MFREQ],
+    /// 频率边界 2
+    pub frx2: [f64; MFREQ],
+    /// Planck 函数
+    pub bnue: [f64; MFREQ],
+    /// 观测频率
+    pub frqobs: [f64; MFREQ],
+    /// 观测波长
+    pub wlobs: [f64; MFREQ],
+    /// 连续谱频率
+    pub freqc: [f64; MFREQC],
+    /// 连续谱波长
+    pub wlamc: [f64; MFREQC],
+    /// 连续谱频率索引
+    pub ijcint: [i32; MFREQ],
+}
+
+impl Default for FreqSy {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            freq: [0.0; MFREQ],
+            w: [0.0; MFREQ],
+            wlam: [0.0; MFREQ],
+            frx1: [0.0; MFREQ],
+            frx2: [0.0; MFREQ],
+            bnue: [0.0; MFREQ],
+            frqobs: [0.0; MFREQ],
+            wlobs: [0.0; MFREQ],
+            freqc: [0.0; MFREQC],
+            wlamc: [0.0; MFREQC],
+            ijcint: [0; MFREQ],
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// 溶解分数参数 (`COMMON/DWNPAR/`)。
+pub struct DwnPar {
+    /// 电子密度的 2/3 次方
+    pub elec23: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    /// 电荷的三次方
+    pub z3: [f64; MZZ],
+    /// 溶解分数系数 1
+    pub dwc1: [[f64; MDEPTH]; MZZ],
+    /// 溶解分数系数 2
+    pub dwc2: [f64; MDEPTH],
+}
+
+impl Default for DwnPar {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            elec23: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            z3: [0.0; MZZ],
+            dwc1: [[0.0; MDEPTH]; MZZ],
+            dwc2: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// 平均截面 (`COMMON/CRSAVG/`)。
+pub struct CrsAvg {
+    /// 频率
+    pub frecr: [[f64; MFCRA]; MCROSS],
+    /// 截面
+    pub crosr: [[f64; MFCRA]; MCROSS],
+    /// 最大截面
+    pub crmx: [f64; MCROSS],
+    /// 频率数
+    pub nfcr: [i32; MCROSS],
+    /// 平均截面标志
+    pub iasv: i32,
+}
+
+impl Default for CrsAvg {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            frecr: [[0.0; MFCRA]; MCROSS],
+            crosr: [[0.0; MFCRA]; MCROSS],
+            crmx: [0.0; MCROSS],
+            nfcr: [0; MCROSS],
+            iasv: 0,
+        }
+    }
+}

src/synspec/state/params.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,348 @@
+//! SYNSPEC 参数状态。
+//!
+//! 重构自 SYNSPEC `PARAMS.FOR` 中的 COMMON 块。
+
+use super::constants::*;
+
+// ============================================================================
+// BASNUM COMMON 块
+// ============================================================================
+
+/// 基本数值参数 (`COMMON/BASNUM/`)。
+pub struct BasNum {
+    /// 原子数
+    pub natom: i32,
+    /// 离子数
+    pub nion: i32,
+    /// 能级数
+    pub nlevel: i32,
+    /// 深度点数
+    pub nd: i32,
+    /// 深度步长
+    pub ndstep: i32,
+    /// 频率数
+    pub nfreq: i32,
+    /// 观测频率数
+    pub nfrobs: i32,
+    /// 连续谱频率数
+    pub nfreqc: i32,
+    /// 频率集数
+    pub nfreqs: i32,
+    /// 角度点数
+    pub nmu: i32,
+}
+
+impl Default for BasNum {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            natom: 0,
+            nion: 0,
+            nlevel: 0,
+            nd: 0,
+            ndstep: 0,
+            nfreq: 0,
+            nfrobs: 0,
+            nfreqc: 0,
+            nfreqs: 0,
+            nmu: 0,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ============================================================================
+// INPPAR COMMON 块
+// ============================================================================
+
+/// 输入参数 (`COMMON/INPPAR/`)。
+pub struct InpPar {
+    /// 有效温度 (K)
+    pub teff: f64,
+    /// 表面重力 (cm/s^2)
+    pub grav: f64,
+    /// 总丰度
+    pub ytot: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    /// 平均分子量
+    pub wmm: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    /// WMY 参数
+    pub wmy: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    /// 真空极限
+    pub vaclim: f64,
+    /// 总丰度
+    pub attot: [[f64; MDEPTH]; MATOM],
+}
+
+impl Default for InpPar {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            teff: 0.0,
+            grav: 0.0,
+            ytot: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            wmm: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            wmy: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            vaclim: 0.0,
+            attot: [[0.0; MDEPTH]; MATOM],
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ============================================================================
+// BASICM COMMON 块
+// ============================================================================
+
+/// 基本模式参数 (`COMMON/BASICM/`)。
+pub struct BasicM {
+    /// 模式
+    pub imode: i32,
+    /// 初始模式
+    pub imode0: i32,
+    /// 频率标志
+    pub ifreq: i32,
+    /// 非LTE标志
+    pub inlte: i32,
+    /// 标准深度标志
+    pub idstd: i32,
+    /// 窗口标志
+    pub ifwin: i32,
+    /// EOS 标志
+    pub ifeos: i32,
+    /// BF 标志
+    pub ibfac: i32,
+}
+
+impl Default for BasicM {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            imode: 0,
+            imode0: 0,
+            ifreq: 0,
+            inlte: 0,
+            idstd: 0,
+            ifwin: 0,
+            ifeos: 0,
+            ibfac: 0,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ============================================================================
+// INTKEY COMMON 块
+// ============================================================================
+
+/// 整数关键字 (`COMMON/INTKEY/`)。
+pub struct IntKey {
+    pub inmod: i32,
+    pub intrpl: i32,
+    pub ichang: i32,
+    pub ichemc: i32,
+    pub iatref: i32,
+    pub icontl: i32,
+}
+
+impl Default for IntKey {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            inmod: 0,
+            intrpl: 0,
+            ichang: 0,
+            ichemc: 0,
+            iatref: 0,
+            icontl: 0,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ============================================================================
+// ATOPAR COMMON 块
+// ============================================================================
+
+/// 原子参数 (`COMMON/ATOPAR/`)。
+pub struct AtoPar {
+    /// 原子质量
+    pub amass: [f64; MATEX],
+    /// 丰度
+    pub abund: [[f64; MDEPTH]; MATEX],
+    /// 相对丰度
+    pub relab: [[f64; MDEPTH]; MATEX],
+    /// 原子序数
+    pub numat: [i32; MATEX],
+    /// 第一个能级索引
+    pub n0a: [i32; MATEX],
+    /// 最后一个能级索引
+    pub nka: [i32; MATEX],
+    /// 标准丰度
+    pub sabnd: [f64; MATEX],
+}
+
+impl Default for AtoPar {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            amass: [0.0; MATEX],
+            abund: [[0.0; MDEPTH]; MATEX],
+            relab: [[0.0; MDEPTH]; MATEX],
+            numat: [0; MATEX],
+            n0a: [0; MATEX],
+            nka: [0; MATEX],
+            sabnd: [0.0; MATEX],
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ============================================================================
+// IONPAR COMMON 块
+// ============================================================================
+
+/// 离子参数 (`COMMON/IONPAR/`)。
+pub struct IonPar {
+    /// 频率参数
+    pub ff: [f64; MIOEX],
+    /// 第一个能级索引
+    pub nfirst: [i32; MIOEX],
+    /// 最后一个能级索引
+    pub nlast: [i32; MIOEX],
+    /// 下一个离子索引
+    pub nnext: [i32; MIOEX],
+    /// 上态求和标志
+    pub iupsum: [i32; MIOEX],
+    /// 电荷
+    pub iz: [i32; MIOEX],
+    /// 自由态标志
+    pub ifree: [i32; MIOEX],
+    /// BF 截面标志
+    pub inbocs: [i32; MIOEX],
+    /// 极限标志
+    pub ilimits: [i32; MIOEX],
+}
+
+impl Default for IonPar {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            ff: [0.0; MIOEX],
+            nfirst: [0; MIOEX],
+            nlast: [0; MIOEX],
+            nnext: [0; MIOEX],
+            iupsum: [0; MIOEX],
+            iz: [0; MIOEX],
+            ifree: [0; MIOEX],
+            inbocs: [0; MIOEX],
+            ilimits: [0; MIOEX],
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ============================================================================
+// LEVPAR COMMON 块
+// ============================================================================
+
+/// 能级参数 (`COMMON/LEVPAR/`)。
+pub struct LevPar {
+    /// 电离能
+    pub enion: [f64; MLEVEL],
+    /// 统计权重
+    pub g: [f64; MLEVEL],
+    /// 量子数
+    pub nquant: [i32; MLEVEL],
+    /// 原子索引
+    pub iatm: [i32; MLEVEL],
+    /// 元素索引
+    pub iel: [i32; MLEVEL],
+    /// 能级索引
+    pub ilk: [i32; MLEVEL],
+    /// 占据概率标志
+    pub ifwop: [i32; MLEVEL],
+}
+
+impl Default for LevPar {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            enion: [0.0; MLEVEL],
+            g: [0.0; MLEVEL],
+            nquant: [0; MLEVEL],
+            iatm: [0; MLEVEL],
+            iel: [0; MLEVEL],
+            ilk: [0; MLEVEL],
+            ifwop: [0; MLEVEL],
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ============================================================================
+// OPCPAR COMMON 块
+// ============================================================================
+
+/// 不透明度参数 (`COMMON/OPCPAR/`)。
+pub struct OpcPar {
+    pub iopadd: i32,
+    pub iophmi: i32,
+    pub ioph2p: i32,
+    pub iophem: i32,
+    pub iopch: i32,
+    pub iopoh: i32,
+    pub ioph2m: i32,
+    pub ioh2h2: i32,
+    pub ioh2he: i32,
+    pub ioh2h1: i32,
+    pub iohhe: i32,
+    pub iophli: i32,
+    pub irsct: i32,
+    pub irsche: i32,
+    pub irsch2: i32,
+}
+
+impl Default for OpcPar {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            iopadd: 0,
+            iophmi: 0,
+            ioph2p: 0,
+            iophem: 0,
+            iopch: 0,
+            iopoh: 0,
+            ioph2m: 0,
+            ioh2h2: 0,
+            ioh2he: 0,
+            ioh2h1: 0,
+            iohhe: 0,
+            iophli: 0,
+            irsct: 0,
+            irsche: 0,
+            irsch2: 0,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ============================================================================
+// AUXIND COMMON 块
+// ============================================================================
+
+/// 辅助索引 (`COMMON/AUXIND/`)。
+pub struct AuxInd {
+    pub iath: i32,
+    pub ielh: i32,
+    pub ielhm: i32,
+    pub n0h: i32,
+    pub n1h: i32,
+    pub nkh: i32,
+    pub n0hn: i32,
+    pub n0m: i32,
+    pub iathe: i32,
+    pub ielhe1: i32,
+    pub ielhe2: i32,
+}
+
+impl Default for AuxInd {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            iath: 0,
+            ielh: 0,
+            ielhm: 0,
+            n0h: 0,
+            n1h: 0,
+            nkh: 0,
+            n0hn: 0,
+            n0m: 0,
+            iathe: 0,
+            ielhe1: 0,
+            ielhe2: 0,
+        }
+    }
+}

src/synspec/state/wind.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+//! SYNSPEC 风和球对称模型状态。
+//!
+//! 重构自 SYNSPEC `WINCOM.FOR` 中的 COMMON 块。
+
+use super::constants::*;
+
+/// 核心半径参数
+pub const MRCORE: usize = 20;
+/// MKU = MDEPTH + MRCORE
+pub const MKU: usize = MDEPTH + MRCORE;
+/// MEXT = MKU
+pub const MEXT: usize = MKU;
+
+// ============================================================================
+// CORADI COMMON 块
+// ============================================================================
+
+/// 球对称辐射参数 (`COMMON/CORADI/`)。
+pub struct CoRadi {
+    /// 径向深度点 (cm)
+    pub rd: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    /// 核心半径 (cm)
+    pub rcore: f64,
+    /// 归一化半径
+    pub rfnorm: f64,
+    /// 角度参数
+    pub pim: [f64; MKU],
+    /// 径向点 1
+    pub rad1: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    /// 深度间距
+    pub delz: [[f64; MDEPTH]; MKU],
+    /// 角度索引
+    pub nud: [i32; MKU],
+    /// 角度索引 (F)
+    pub nudf: [f64; MKU],
+    /// 角度点数
+    pub kmu: i32,
+    /// 扩展点数
+    pub nrext: i32,
+    /// 核心射线数
+    pub nrcore: i32,
+    /// 第一个射线标志
+    pub nfiry: i32,
+    /// 扩展点数
+    pub ndf: i32,
+}
+
+impl Default for CoRadi {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            rd: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            rcore: 0.0,
+            rfnorm: 0.0,
+            pim: [0.0; MKU],
+            rad1: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            delz: [[0.0; MDEPTH]; MKU],
+            nud: [0; MKU],
+            nudf: [0.0; MKU],
+            kmu: 0,
+            nrext: 0,
+            nrcore: 0,
+            nfiry: 0,
+            ndf: 0,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ============================================================================
+// COVEL COMMON 块
+// ============================================================================
+
+/// 速度参数 (`COMMON/COVEL/`)。
+pub struct CoVel {
+    /// 扩展速度 (cm/s)
+    pub vel: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    /// 频率偏移
+    pub dfrq: [[f64; 2 * MDEPTH]; MKU],
+    /// 速度梯度
+    pub dvd: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    /// 质量损失率 (g/s)
+    pub xmdot: f64,
+    /// XMD4 参数
+    pub xmd4: f64,
+    /// 速度律指数
+    pub betav: f64,
+    /// 终端速度 (cm/s)
+    pub vinf: f64,
+}
+
+impl Default for CoVel {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            vel: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            dfrq: [[0.0; 2 * MDEPTH]; MKU],
+            dvd: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            xmdot: 0.0,
+            xmd4: 0.0,
+            betav: 0.0,
+            vinf: 0.0,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ============================================================================
+// OPAVEL COMMON 块
+// ============================================================================
+
+/// 不透明度和速度参数 (`COMMON/OPAVEL/`)。
+pub struct OpaVel {
+    /// 稀释因子
+    pub wdil: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    /// Planck 加权
+    pub planw: [f64; MDEPTH],
+    /// 辐射温度
+    pub trad: [[f64; MDEPTH]; MTRAD],
+    /// 密度对比
+    pub denscon: [f64; MDEPTH],
+}
+
+impl Default for OpaVel {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            wdil: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            planw: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+            trad: [[0.0; MDEPTH]; MTRAD],
+            denscon: [0.0; MDEPTH],
+        }
+    }
+}